YDAS Outlines

Book for Beginners

RCC Design by ETABS

YDAS Outlines

Book for Beginners

RCC Design by ETABS

Yousuf Dinar

B.Sc. Civil Engineering

University of Asia Pacific

Bangladesh

Nurullah Siddique

B.Sc. Civil Engineering

University of Asia Pacific

Bangladesh

Published by

University Campus

Publisher & Seller

Dhaka

@ all rights reserved by the authors

First published

September 2014

Price : Tk. 400 ( Four hundred only)

Copyright: All rights are reserved. No parts of this publication may be

reproduced, stored in a retrieval or transmitted in any form or by any means

without the written permission of the authors.

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ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Yousuf Dinar

Yousuf Dinar has been engaged in research, teaching and design related field of structural

engineering from 2012. He has been an active member of the structural faculty of ATI

Interior and Consultants from very beginning of his career where he was engaged in

structural designing.

Currently he is working as structural engineer in Dream Touch Real Estate Limited. Before

that he was employed in Tropical Design Limited. Along with many co-researcher of same

field, Yousuf Dinar has investigated on trend of structural analysis and design, based on

FEM. A few technical articles of him based on nonlinear finite element analysis of high-rise

structures contribute to the general approach of analysis. Currently, his focus is on P-Delta

effects, Pushover analysis, Construction sequential effects, time history and irregularities

effects. His other books are also popular for easy understanding and commitment to

student. His involvement in field work brings a practical design consideration on his works.

He likes to write article. A few articles of him published in German Probashe, a German

monthly magazine maintained and managed in Germany. YDAS Outlines is a sole

trademark of Yousuf Dinar publication series. Under YDAS Outlines, different structural

engineering software tutorials are published to reach the reader of the engineering

community. He has completed Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering with honors from

University of Asia Pacific and a candidate of Master of Science in Engineering in Technical

University of Munich.

Academia:

https://uap-bd.academia.edu/YousufDinar

Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/YousufDinar

LinkedIn:

http://www.linkedin.com/YousufDinar

Nurullah Siddeque (Shohag)

Nurullah Siddeque has been engaged in construction and design from 2012. He has joined

Sierra Properties Limited as project engineer and then within short period he has proven his

ability and comprehensive understanding related to field activities and design. His proper

direction makes each of his project time efficient. After becoming the project engineer he

has proven his complete understanding on construction field. He continues his journey of

learning by attending different seminars related to civil engineering. His consultancy in

Enter Design Engineers has shined his name in design sector too. Nurullah Siddeque has

completed Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from University of Asia Pacific.

ABOUT YDAS OUTLINES

YDAS Outlines is a sole recognized trademark of Yousuf Dinar publication series.

Under YDAS Outlines, different structural engineering software tutorials are

published to reach the reader of the engineering community. Book for Beginners and

Design like Pro is two sub series of YDAS Outlines, under which two different

qualities of books are published.

Copying name or logo of YDAS Outlines is strictly prohibited under trademark

regulation of Bangladesh.

YDAS (Yousuf Dinar’s) Outlines is full intellectual property of Yousuf Dinar. Full or

part of this book is prohibited to copy or piracy according to copyright rules. If anyone

is found who is breaking the copyright regulations, strict step will be taken according

to copyright regulations.

Thanks to publisher to cooperate in performing regulation act.

Yousuf Dinar

Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209

Bangladesh

CONTENTS

Preface i

Acknowledgement iii

Notation iv

Words of Seniors vi

Part I - Modeling and Analysis

Chapter 1 Structural Modeling and Analysis 1- 49

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Structural Modeling and Pre-analysis steps

1.2.1 Modeling

1.2.2 Define Material Properties

1.2.3 Define Frame Sections

1.2.4 Define Slab Sections and Wall

1.2.5 Draw Column Objects (Frame Members) and Shear Wall

1.2.6 Draw the Beam Objects (Frame Members)

1.2.7 Add Slab Sections

1.2.8 Assign support at Base

1.2.9 Meshing and Define Mass Source

1.2.10 Define Static Load Cases

1.2.10.1 Defining Vertical Loads

1.2.10.1.1 Defining Dead Load and Live Loads

1.2.10.1.2 Defining Miscellaneous Vertical Loads

1.2.10.2 Defining Lateral Loads

1.2.10.2.1 Defining Seismic Load

1.2.10.2.1.1 Defining Seismic Load using Code

1.2.10.2.1.2 Defining Seismic Load using Static Force method

1.2.10.2.2 Defining Wind Load

1.2.10.2.2.1 Defining Wind Load using Code

1.2.10.2.2.2 Defining Wind Load using Static Force method

1.2.11 Creating Load Combinations

1.2.12 Further Actions

1.3 Performing Analysis

1.4 Displacing Structural Responses

1.4.1 Displacing Column Responses

1.4.2 Displaying Beam Responses

1.4.3 Displaying Slab Responses

1.4.4 Displacing Support Reactions

1.4.5 Displacing Shear Wall Reactions

Part II – Design and Estimation

Chapter 1 Structural Design of Slab 50- 61

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Structural Design of Slab

1.3 Equations for Slab Design

Chapter 2 Structural Design of Column 63- 75

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Structural Design of Column

2.2.1 Manual Design of Column

2.2.2 Computer Aided Design of Column

2.3 Equations for Column Design

Chapter 3 Structural Design of Beam 77- 86

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Structural Design of Beam

3.2.1 Computer Aided Design of Beam

3.3 Equations for Beam Design

Chapter 4 Structural Design of Footing 87- 97

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Structural Design of Footing

4.2.1 Manual Design of Footing

4.2.1.1 Design of Isolated Footing

4.2.1.2 Design of Combined Footing

4.3 Equations for Footing Design

Chapter 5 Structural Design of Water Tank 99- 105

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Structural Design of Water Tank

5.2.1 Manual Design of Water Tank

Chapter 6 Structural Design of Shear Wall 107- 113

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Structural Design of Shear Wall

6.2.1 ACI Provisions for Shear Wall Design

6.2.2 Manual Design of Shear Wall

6.2.3 Computer Aided Design of Shear Wall

Chapter 7 Structural Design of U- Type Stair 115- 117

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Structural Design of U- Type Stair

7.2.1 Manual Design of U- Type Stair

Chapter 8 Estimation 119- 137

8.1 Estimation

8.2 Purposes of Estimation

8.3 Types of Estimation

8.4 Estimation of Column

8.5 Estimation of Beam

8.6 Estimation of Slab

8.7 Estimation of Foundation

8.8. Estimation of Shear Wall

8.9 Estimation of Tiles

8.10 Estimation of Brick Masonry

8.11 Sample of Estimation Report

8.12 Sample of Cost Benefit Report

Appendixes

A. Design aids 139- 152

B. Unit conversion factors 153- 154

C. Practical detailing tool 155- 158

References 160

i

PREFACE

Advancement of softwares is main cause behind comparatively quick and simple

design while avoiding complexity and time consuming manual procedure. However

mistake or mislead could be happened during designing the structures because of not

knowing the proper procedure depending on the situation. Design book based on

manual or hand design is sometimes time consuming and could not be good aids with

softwares as several steps are shorten during finite element modeling. This book may

work as a general learning hand book which bridges the software and the manual

design properly. The writers of this book used linear static analysis under BNBC and

ACI code to generate a six story residential building which could withstand wind load

of 210 kmph and seismic event of that region. The building is assumed to be designed

in Dhaka, Bangladesh under RAJUK rules to get legality of that concern organization.

For easy and explained understanding the book chapters are oriented in 2 parts. Part A

is concern about modeling and analysis which completed in only one chapter. Part B

is organized with 8 chapters. From chapter 1 to 7 the writers designed the model

building and explained with references how to consider during design so that

creativity of readers could not be threated. Chapter 8 is dedicated for estimation. As a

whole the book will help the readers to experience a building construction related all

facts and how to progress in design. Although the volume I is limited to linear static

analysis, upcoming volume will eventually consider dynamic facts to perform

dynamic analysis. Implemented equations are organized in the appendix section for

easy memorizing.

BNBC and other codes are improving and expending day by day, by covering new

and improved information as civil engineering is a vast field to continue the research.

Before designing something or taking decision judge the contemporary codes and

choose data, equations, factors and coefficient from the updated one.

Book for Beginners series is basic learning book of YDAS outlines. Here only

rectangular grid system modeling and a particular model is shown. Round shape grid

is avoided to keep the study simple. No advanced analysis is described and it is kept

simple for beginners. Only two way slab is elaborated with direct design method,

avoiding other procedures. In case of beam, only flexural and shear designs are made.

T- Beam, L- Beam or other shapes are not shown as rectangular beam was enough for

this study. Bi-axial column and foundation design is not shown. During column and

foundation design only pure axial load is considered. Use of interaction diagram is not

shown in manual design. Load centered isolated and combined footing designs are

shown, avoiding eccentric loading conditions. Pile and pile cap design, Mat

foundation design, strap footing design and sand pile concept are not included in this

ii

book. These limitations are satisfied in Design like Pro series of YDAS outlines. It is

suggested that to learn the software, Book for Beginners is helpful supplement. If you

already know the software and want to work with dynamic analysis, different types of

modeling and design procedure then Design like Pro series is effective for you.

Finally, it could not be forgotten this book is not a guideline for construction or

design. Our target readers are mainly student of civil engineering department. It will

act like a general learning supplement. Always remember that construction in reality

involve many risky situation where engineers need to take effective decision. Before

taking any step in design consult with experts for better understanding.

We are expecting your feedback. Let us know your suggestions for our coming

edition. Write us on yousuf_dinar@yahoo.com

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The authors would like to express their sincerest gratitude to their colleagues

for encouragement and support which played an important role during writing

phase. Without their help and direction it might be quite impossible to reach a

successful ending of this book.

The authors are very grateful to the Civil Engineering Department, University of

Asia Pacific (UAP) and Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

for necessary documents, secondary information and study materials.

Special thanks to Madina Group to accumulate fund for this paper work. The authors

are privileged to express their sincere gratitude to Engr. Debasish Saha, Deputy Chief

Engineer (Civil), Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation, for financial

advising during preparation and marketing phase.

Above all, the author is thankful to the almighty Allah, for his blessings accompanied

by which he come so far.

The authors would like to dedicate the whole work to their

beloved parents

iv

NOTATION

a = depth of the effective compression block in a concrete beam

A = name for area

Ag = gross area, equal to the total area ignoring any reinforcement

As = area of steel reinforcement in concrete beam design

Ast = area of steel reinforcement in concrete column design

Av = area of concrete shear stirrup reinforcement

ACI = American Concrete Institute

b = width, often cross-sectional

bE = effective width of the flange of a concrete T beam cross section

bf = width of the flange

bw = width of the stem (web) of a concrete T beam cross section

c = distance from the top to the neutral axis of a concrete beam (see x)

cc = shorthand for clear cover

Cc = compressive force in the compression steel in a doubly reinforced concrete beam

Cs = compressive force in the concrete of a doubly reinforced concrete beam

d = effective depth from the top of a reinforced concrete beam to the centroid of the tensile steel

d´ = effective depth from the top of a reinforced concrete beam to the centroid of the compression

steel

db = bar diameter of a reinforcing bar

D = shorthand for dead load

DL = shorthand for dead load

E = modulus of elasticity or Young’s modulus

= shorthand for earthquake load

Ec = modulus of elasticity of concrete

Es = modulus of elasticity of steel

f = symbol for stress

fc = compressive stress

= concrete design compressive stress

fpu = tensile strength of the prestressing reinforcement

fs = stress in the steel reinforcement for concrete design

= compressive stress in the compression reinforcement for concrete beam design

fy = yield stress or strength

F = shorthand for fluid load

Fy = yield strength

h = cross-section depth

k = effective length factor for columns

ld = development length for reinforcing steel = development length for hooks

ln = clear span from face of support to face of support in concrete design

L = name for length or span length, as is l

= shorthand for live load

Lr = shorthand for live roof load

LL = shorthand for live load

Mn = nominal flexure strength with the steel reinforcement at the yield stress and concrete at the

concrete design strength for reinforced concrete beam design

Mu = maximum moment from factored loads for LRFD beam design

v

vi

WORDS OF SENIORS

Few words for future engineers

Engr. Debasish Saha, M. Engg. (Structure), MIEB

Deputy Chief Engineer

Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation

Every student of engineering departments has a common question in mind which is about

becoming a potential candidate in job market. This situation sometimes become so

serious that they prone to spoil their present study and future unintentionally. Eventually

they become dishearten in job field because of the unawareness of professional field. It is

agreed all over that bookish knowledge does not always effective in professional field.

This does not mean to avoid those theories because those theories work like a column of

knowledge where your experience will act like a slab. So, experience will not get a

proper support without a stiff base of knowledge and theories.

Everyone dreams to study in a reputed institute but not everyone get that chance. It does

not mean the end point of career. Where ever you study and work, try to perform your

best and that will make you different. Struggling for an opportunity is a common fact for

all. Never give up and try your best always. Collect those extra qualifications which will

uplift you to the success. You can learn softwares, clear your knowledge about

professional field, study different supplement books, participate in various competition

etc. All this effort will eventually push you to a potential stage. Do not copy others’ style.

You should find your own way to become successful. Do not let your time die without

any productive activity.

Engineering is a vast and complicated field. During study you should be a good follower

and listener. You should follow and listen to your parents, professors and your own heart.

Parents and professors will guide you from their experiences but your heart will let you

vii

know your true ambition. In professional field you should be an ambitious and dedicated

civil engineer with strong practical technical skills and a range of experience within

construction engineering and project management. Having a sound knowledge of

designing, testing, evaluating a designs overall effectiveness, cost, reliability, and safety

will help you to work effectively. Senior engineers advice juniors by mentioning that,

1) Make sure it has something that you’re passionate about in it.

2) Look for a position where you can learn as much as possible, and they will just keep

throwing things at you!

3) Is in a place where things really get done, so you can put thing out there in the world

and see how it feels.

Remember that there is always an alternative and all you need is to identify that and

follow that. Ask yourself, what made you become an engineer and do your actions reflect

that? Do you know, why employer choice smart and potential candidate? It is because;

they are well versed with theoretical and practical knowledge. Softwares skill, report

writing skill, presentation skill and communication skill are very important as these help

interviewer to choose the right person. Finally I would advise you to become positive

about everything which will keep you fresh always.

viii

INTRODUCTION TO SUBJECT SOFTWARE

What is ETABS (Extended 3D Analysis of Building System)?

The innovative and revolutionary new ETABS is the ultimate integrated software

package for the structural analysis and design of buildings. Incorporating 40 years of

continuous research and development, this latest ETABS offers unmatched 3D object

based modeling and visualization tools, blazingly fast linear and nonlinear analytical

power, sophisticated and comprehensive design capabilities for a wide-range of materials,

and insightful graphic displays, reports, and schematic drawings that allow users to

quickly and easily decipher and understand analysis and design results.

From the start of design conception through the production of schematic drawings,

ETABS integrates every aspect of the engineering design process. Creation of models has

never been easier - intuitive drawing commands allow for the rapid generation of floor

and elevation framing. CAD drawings can be converted directly into ETABS models or

used as templates onto which ETABS objects may be overlaid. The state-of-the-art

SAPFire 64-bit solver allows extremely large and complex models to be rapidly

analyzed, and supports nonlinear modeling techniques such as construction sequencing

and time effects (e.g., creep and shrinkage). Design of steel and concrete frames (with

automated optimization), composite beams, composite columns, steel joists, and concrete

and masonry shear walls is included, as is the capacity check for steel connections and

base plates. Models may be realistically rendered, and all results can be shown directly on

the structure. Comprehensive and customizable reports are available for all analysis and

design output, and schematic construction drawings of framing plans, schedules, details,

and cross-sections may be generated for concrete and steel structures.

ETABS provides an unequaled suite of tools for structural engineers designing buildings,

whether they are working on one-story industrial structures or the tallest commercial

ix

high-rises. Immensely capable, yet easy-to-use, has been the hallmark of ETABS since its

introduction decades ago, and this latest release continues that tradition by providing

engineers with the technologically-advanced, yet intuitive, software they require to be

their most productive.

Source: www.csiberkeley.com

x

File exchange capability of ETABS

ETABS can export and import a project for different software. This process is useful

while we work in different softwares platform together. We can design the frame from

ETABS and slab or foundation from Safe. Safe is another software of CSI which is

specially organized for slab and foundation system.

ETABS can import file from

1. Auto Cad

2. Revit Architecture

3. Staad Pro

4. Pro Steel

5. Frame work

6. SAP

7. Safe

Remember that to import a project into ETABS, specific format is required such as to

import project from Auto CAD *.dwg is not suitable but*.dxf is perfect.

ETABS can export file for

1. Auto Cad

2. Revit Architecture

3. Staad Pro

4. Pro Steel

5. Frame work

6. SAP

7. Safe

ETABS offers a specific format for each software so that you can export that project

easily to the new software using import system.

You can find the export import function in file menu of ETABS main interface.

xi

Part A Modeling and Analysis

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