body = brain - embright · 2017. 6. 1. · kennedy, pj et al (2012) gut memories: towards a...

© Amanda Blake 2013 | embright.org

BODY = BRAIN®Part 1: The Embodied Self

Gut Brain


Wisdom of the BodyHow You Become 

Who You Are How You Change

Head Heart Gut Skin Body

= YOU ARE HERE

Roadmap

GUT BRAIN


GUT ANATOMY

http://www.healthhype.com/bowel-anatomy-motility-digestion-absorption-gut-flora.html image source


ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Central Nervous System (CNS)• brain & spinal cord• integrative & control centers

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)• cranial nerves & spinal nerves• communication between CNS & body

Somatic Nervous System• somatic motor (voluntary)• conducts impulses from CNS -->

skeletal muscles

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)• visceral motor (involuntary)• conducts impulses from CNS --> cardiac

muscles, smooth muscles, glands

Sympathetic Division (SNS)• “fight or flight”• mobilizes body during activity

Parasympathetic Division (PSNS)• “rest and digest”• promotes “housekeeping” functions at rest

Enteric Division (ENS)• handles digestion• local, autonomous function; largely

independent of CNS

= incoming / sensory / afferent

= outgoing / motor / efferent

Key


GUT - BRAIN AXIS

http://www.pitt.edu/~chorn/ image source

9x

1x

Vagus nerve

Vagus nerve


GUT BRAIN

http://kin450-neurophysiology.wikispaces.com/Enteric+Nervous+System image source http://discoverysedge.mayo.edu/ibd/ image source


SEROTONIN

http://www.zazzle.com/serotonin_sunshine_card-137751496137113828 image source

95% in gut


GUT PSYCHOLOGY

http://www.ibsresearchupdate.org/ibs/brain1ie4.html image source


CARLOS’ STORY

http://www.mudgoodjobs.com/job-search-networking/people-networking-event/

http://www.mudgoodjobs.com/job-search-networking/people-networking-event/


RELATIVE # OF NERVE CELLS

100 Billion: Head

100 Million: Gut

40,000: Heart

10%

< 1%


THE BIG IDEA

The gut has its own nervous system that acts largely independently of the brain; the gut “thinks for itself ”

No other part of the nervous system can do this

The gut influences the brain in the head far more than vice versa

The gut plays a role in psychological state and in sorting out social dominance

WARNING: gut feelings are not always accurate! More on this in future sessions.


FIELDWORK

What do you see about the intelligence of the gut that you didn’t see before?

How does this knowledge add to your understanding of embodiment?

Drawing on your own experience, how would explain the intelligence of the gut (or heart) as distinct from the intelligence of the brain in your head?


SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bertrand, PP, et. al. (2010) Serotonin release and uptake in the gastrointestinal tract. Auton Neuroscience 153(1-2): 47-57

Brown, H (2011) The Other Brain Also Deals With Many Woes, New York Times

Conger, K (2011) Digestive problems early in life may increase risk for depression, study suggests, Stanford School of Medicine

Gershon, M (1999) The Second Brain, Harper Perennial

Mayer, EA (2000) The Neurobiology of stress and gastrointestinal disease, Gut, 47: 861-869

Mayer, EA et. al. (2000) The Evolving Neurobiology of Gut Feelings, Prog Brain Res. 122: 195-206

Mayer, E.A. (2011) Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut-brain communication, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 12: 453-466

Kennedy, PJ et al (2012) Gut Memories: Towards a cognitive neurobiology of irritable bowel syndrome, Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews, 36(1): 310-340

Hadhazy, A (2010) Think Twice: How the gut’s “second brain” influences mood and well-being, Scientific American


Wisdom of the BodyHow You Become 

Who You Are How You Change

Head Heart Gut Skin Body

= YOU ARE HERE

Roadmap

body = brain - embright · 2017. 6. 1. · kennedy, pj et al (2012) gut memories: towards a...

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