board ofland and natural resources enf:oa-14-66 state...
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STATE OF HAWAIIDEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCESOFFICE OF
CONSERVATION AND COASTAL LANDSHonolulu, Hawaii
July 25, 2014ENF:OA-14-66
Board of Land andNatural ResourcesState of HawaiiHonolulu, Hawaii
REGARDING: Unauthorized placement of a shoreline erosion controlstructure in the Conservation District Resource Subzone
LANDOWNER: Sutton Family Partners
LOCATION: Waialua, North Shore, Island of Oahu, Hawaii
TMK: (1) 6-8-010:014 & 015
AREA OF PARCEL (p 14) 6594 sq ft (p 15) 7715 sq ft
AREA OF USE 1000 - 2000 ft2
SUBZONE: RESOURCE
DESCRIPTION OF AREA:
The subject parcels are located on Ho’omana Place, in Waialua, on the north shore of theIsland of Oahu (Exhibit 1). The parcels lie within a small subdivision which includes anumber of shorefront single family residence (SFR) structures, associated landscapingand property development (Exhibit 2). While the subject parcels are not located in theConservation District, these parcels border the shoreline; lands situated seaward (makai)of the shoreline are considered to be within the State Land Use (SLU) ConservationDistrict Resource Subzone.
This enforcement action covers two (2) separate parcels (Exhibit 3), both of which areresidential lots owned by Sutton Family Partners. Both privately owned parcels haveexisting SFR structures with each SFR covering the majority area of each lot; some minorlandscaping, retaining walls, lanais and associated development are also present. Areview of the erosion maps for the Waialua Coast reveals a trend towards erosion for thisarea and staff notes that this property is one of several properties on this coastline that isexperiencing coastal erosion.
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Board of Land and ENF: OA-14-66Natural Resources
ALLEGED UNAUTHORIZED LAND USES:
On February 25, 2014, staff from the Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (OCCL)was conducting a routine site inspection of neighboring properties in the vicinity of thesubject parcels. During that site visit staff observed shoreline land uses being conductedon the seaward (rnakaz) portion of the subject parcels (Exhibit 4, 4a, 4b), which appearsto include the placement of large rip-rap stones and large, white-plastic sand-filled bags.
Site visits conducted on June 20, 2012 (Exhibit 5) and March 4, 2013 (Exhibit 6)revealed no material (i.e., rocks and/or sand bags) were present at this location prior tothe site visit conducted February 25, 2014. Additional investigation into these parcelsrevealed that in 2009, the OCCL worked with landowners in this area to removedeleterious material and rocks from the shoreline area (i.e., conservation district resourcesubzone). At this time the landowners of the subject parcels are working to obtain two (2)term, non-exclusive easements covering a total of 456 sq. ft. for seawalls constructed onthe makal side of the subject parcels; these proposed non-exclusive easements did nottake into account the additional material as is evident by the surveys submitted for theeasement determination (Exhibit 7, 7a). It is unclear why the landowners proceeded withthe placement of the shoreline erosion control structures when the current proposal forthe non-exclusive easements had not yet been completed.
Typically a shoreline landowner who requires approval to conduct repairs andmaintenance of an existing shoreline erosion control structure must go through a processbetween, in this case, the City and County of Honolulu Department of Planning &Permitting and the Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR). The landownermust first obtain a Shoreline Certification to determine the official location of theshoreline; from that the landowner can apply for, or determine, the Shoreline SetbackVariance (SSV) which will assist in the siting of the shoreline erosion control structure.Additionally the location of the shoreline determines jurisdiction between the County andState which therefore dictates the specific regulatory requirements for each agency. Thisprocess is in place to provide transparency concerning project details, environmentalimpacts and projected outcomes or objectives, and to make sure that the work isconducted in manner conducive for the health of Hawaii’s coastal areas.
ANALYSIS:
The department and Board of Land and Natural Resources has jurisdiction over landlying rnakai of the shoreline as evidenced by the upper reaches of the wash of the wavesother than storm and seismic waves, at high tide during the season of the year in whichthe highest wash of the waves occurs, usually evidenced by the edge of vegetationgrowth, or the upper limits of debris left by the wash of the waves, pursuant to §205A- 1,Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS).
Staff believes that unauthorized land uses have occurred within the Conservation Districtbased upon the location of the seaward (makai) face of the existing seawall structures(see Exhibit 6). A review of aerial photographs, oblique aerial photographs, historicalshoreline/site photographs (taken by OCCL staff) and information from the City and
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Board of Land and ENF: OA-14-66Natural Resources
County has provided sufficient evidence that work has been conducted across the two (2)parcels without authorization. Therefore, the OCCL believes there is sufficient cause tobring this matter to the board since it is evident that unauthorized land uses have beenconducted within the Conservation District pursuant to the Hawaii Administrative Rules(HAR) §15-15-20 Standards for Determining “C” Conservation District boundaries:
• It shall include lands having an elevation below the shoreline as stated by §205A-1, HRS, marine waters fishponds, and tidepools of the State, and accretedportions of lands pursuant to §‘501-33 HRS, unless otherwise designated on thedistrict maps. All offshore and outlying islands of the State are classifiedconservation unless otherwise designated on the land use district maps.
Chapter 13-5, HAR and Chapter 1 83C, HRS, regulate land uses in the ConservationDistrict by identifying a list of uses that may be allowed by a Conservation District UsePermit (CDUP). The chapters also provide for penalties, collection of administrativecosts and damages to state land for uses that are not allowed or for which no permit hadbeen obtained. HAR §13-5-2 defines land uses as follows:
• The placement or erection of any solid material on land if that material remainson the landfor more than thirty days, or which causes a permanent change in theland area on which it occurs.
The penalty range for the unauthorized land uses will be substantially determined basedon the type of permit that would have been required, had the landowner applied to theDLNR to conduct the identified land uses.
Pursuant to Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR) §13-5-22, P-15, SHORELINEEROSION CONTROL (D-l) Seawall, revetment, groin, or other coastal erosioncontrol structure or device, including sand placement, to control erosion of land orinland area by coastal waters, provided that the applicant shows that the applicantwould be deprived ofall reasonable use of the land or building with the permit; (2) theuse would not adversely affect beach processes or lateral public access along theshoreline, without adequately compensating the State for its loss; or (3) public facilities(e.g., public roads) critical to public health, safety, and welfare would be severelydamaged or destroyed without a shoreline erosion control structure, and there are noreasonable alternatives (e.g., relocation). Requires a shoreline certfication.
Under the Penalty Guideline Framework (Exhibit 8) these actions are considered“Major” since the identified land uses would require a Board Permit under the permitprefix “D”. This violation follows a penalty range of $10,000 to $15,000 plusadministrative costs. Therefore under the Penalty Guideline Framework theseunauthorized land uses are considered a Major harm to resources or potential harm toresources.
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Board of Land and ENF: OA-14-66Natural Resources
DISCUSSION:
Coastal erosion occurs as a result of the following phenomena: 1) Seasonal changes inwaves and currents that shift sand within the littoral cell; 2) Long-term (chronic) erosiondue to natural deficits in sand supply or oceanographic processes such as sea level rise;and 3) Human impacts to sand availability through sand impoundment and supplydisruption as a result of shoreline modifications including revetments and seawalls.
Development on beaches and dunes has contributed to serious erosion of these areas,resulting in loss of recreational areas, habitat, and the storm protection that healthybeaches and dunes provide. Beach narrowing and loss, and shoreline erosion controlstructures (i.e., the construction of vertical seawalls, revetments) can also severely restrictpublic access to State Conservation Land and the natural resources these coastal regionsprovide. In heavily “armored” areas, sand impoundment landward of shoreline erosioncontrol structures can lead to a reduction in localized sand supply which can increaseregional coastal erosion trends. Unfortunately, many of Hawai’i’s beaches have beendegraded or lost from a combination of natural erosion and inappropriate coastaldevelopment including shoreline “armoring”, shallow beachfront lot subdivisions, anddevelopment too close to the shoreline. In Romine and Fletcher, 20121 it was shown that70% of all beaches measured in the Hawaiian Islands (24 km total) indicated a trend ofbeach erosion. More than 21 km or 9% of the total length of beaches studied have beenlost to erosion. In nearly all the cases reviewed, the beaches had been replaced bypermanent shoreline erosion control structures.
Hawai’i Coastal Erosion Management Plan
On August 27, 1999, the BLNR adopted the Hawai’i Coastal Erosion Management Plan(COEMAP) as an internal policy for managing shoreline issues including erosion andcoastal development in Hawai’i. COEMAP still serves as the primary shoreline policy forthe DLNR.and recommends a number of strategies to improve our State’s management ofcoastal erosion and beach resources.
However, COEMAP’s scope is of a general nature, more focused on broader governmentpolicy than erosion management practices. The COEMAP effort is guided by the doctrineof sustainability promoting the conservation, sustainability, and restoration of Flawai’i’sbeaches for future generations. When assessing cases involving unauthorized shorelinestructures the Department has implemented a “no tolerance” policy concerningunauthorized shoreline structures constructed after the adoption of COEMAP. Based onthis policy the removal of the unauthorized structure is a mandatory recommendationfrom the OCCL.
‘Romine, B. M and Fletcher, C. H, 2012; Armoring on Eroding Coasts Leads to Beachnarrowing and Loss on Qahu, Hawaii, in Pitfalls of Shoreline Stabilization: Selected caseStudies, Cooper J, and Pilkey, O.H (eds), Coastal Research Library 3, Chapter 10, SpringerScience and Business Media Dordrecht
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Board of Land and ENF: OA-14-66Natural Resources
Staff would like to note that while the landowner allegedly constructed (withoutauthorization) an erosion control device makai of the subject parcels, it was in directresponse to the erosion trends in this area. A review of the site and surrounding parcelsreveals that a number of properties bordering the site have been protected by hardshoreline erosion control structures (i.e., revetments and rock seawalls) starting in theearly 1970’s and continuing into today. Current science suggests that high erosion ratesmay be accelerated at the periphery (i.e., flanking) and seaward of shoreline armoringthus compounding the loss of beach the structure was trying to protect. This area inparticular was extensively studied in Romine and Fletcher, (2012) ‘who found an almostnear complete beach loss in 2006 along this particular shoreline segment. While armoringis a typical response to shoreline erosion, it was discovered that increased flankingerosion can occur as a result of shoreline armoring.
FINDINGS:
1. That the landowner did in fact, authorize, cause or allow the construction of ashoreline erosion control structure to occur;
2. That the unauthorized land uses occurred within the State Land Use ConservationDistrict, Resource Subzone.
AS SUCH, STAFF RECOMMENDS AS FOLLOWS:
That, pursuant to § 1 83C-7, HRS, the Board finds the landowner in violation of § 1 83C-7,FIRS and § 13-5-6 HAR, and is subject to the following:
1. The landowners are fined $15,000 in one instance for violating the provisions of§ 1 83C-7, HRS, and § 13-5-6, HAR, for the unauthorized construction of shorelineerosion control structures on TMKs: (1) 6-8-010:014 AND (1) 6-8-010:015 byfailing to obtain the appropriate approvals within the Conservation District;
2. The landowner is fined an additional $1000.00 for administrative costs associatedwith the subject violations;
3. The landowner shall pay all designated fines and administrative costs ($16,000)within ninety (90) days of the date of the Board’s action;
4. The landowner shall completely remove all unauthorized material, stone, and sandbags from TMKs: (1) 6-8-010:014 & 015 and return the land to a condition asprescribed by the chairperson within one-hundred and twenty (120) days of thedate of the Board’s action; and
5. That in the event of failure of the landowner to comply with any order herein, thematter shall be turned over to the Office of the Attorney General (OAG) fordisposition, including all administrative costs.
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Board of Land and ENF: OA-14-66Natural Resources
V: Respect subinfted,
V :
Alex J. Roy, M.Sc., PlaV
erV Office ofConservation and Coastal Lands
Approved for submittal:
WILLIAM J. AILA, Jr., Chairperson V
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SHOREUNE SURVEY MAP
LOT 23as shown on Map 4
Land Court Application 1810Mokueo, Waoluo, Oahu, HawaS
0r Mop 1< y I 81(114
Date: Noverber 1, 2004
4evjsed: June 9, 2008
Owner: Mr. Richord SuttonMailing Address: 737 Oshop St. Suite 2400
Honolulu, [II 96813
NOTES:1. Only improvements shown were located.
2. )Oeneten number and direction of phctographs.
Lot 24(TMK: 6—8—10:13)
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as shown on Map 4Land Court Application 1810Mokiih, WcjioIu, OoIts. I c:woii
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eR
ules
(HA
lt.)
§13-
5-22
,23
,24
,25
.A
sses
sing
the
pena
lties
acco
rdin
gto
the
Con
serv
atio
nD
istr
ict
perm
itty
peac
coun
tsfo
rth
ele
vel
ofre
view
orsc
rutin
yth
eun
auth
oriz
edus
ew
ould
have
rece
ived
byth
eD
epar
tmen
tor
Boa
rdin
orde
rto
avoi
dda
mag
eto
the
natu
ralr
esou
rce.
Thi
sgr
adua
ted
perm
itre
view
fram
ewor
kco
rres
pond
sto
the
leve
lof
actu
alor
pote
ntia
l“h
arm
toth
ere
sour
ce”’
caus
edby
the
viol
atio
n.
Onc
eth
eba
selin
efo
rth
epe
nalty
rang
eha
sbe
enes
tabl
ishe
dac
cord
ing
the
requ
ired
perm
it,th
epe
nalty
may
bead
just
edap
prop
riat
ely
upw
ard
ordo
wnw
ard
acco
rdin
gto
the
“har
mto
reso
urce
”ca
used
orpo
tent
ially
caus
edby
the
viol
ator
’sac
tion
and
addi
tiona
lco
nsid
erat
ions
and
fact
ors
(See
2.1.
4),2
with
inth
eas
sign
edpe
nalty
rang
e.W
here
Staf
fw
asun
able
toas
soci
ate
the
unau
thor
ized
use
with
aty
pica
lla
ndus
eid
entif
ied
inlI
AR
§13-
5,St
affm
aytry
toas
soc
ate
the
actio
nw
ithth
em
ost
sim
ilar
iden
tifie
dla
ndus
ein
HA
R§1
3-5,
orac
cord
ing
toth
e“h
arm
toth
ere
sour
ce”
caus
edby
the
viol
atio
n.Ta
ble
I
‘I4s.
tore
sow
’is
aiad
usio
rpot
uslis
iiso
psos
, .4
idb
or
Srio
dfr,
d.th
oror
ius
Irno
,.,,
soS
Os
snot
soal
,csi
nssl
orI r
wo
c,
,,l,I
d,is
uspe
dult
ooorr
arO
sla
ofun
w.il
hssi
ml
edso
fOsa
Wod
iOs.
*Ost
h500
kotO
iiom
Ioad
olO
pedt
SrSr
iOO
Ltsb
thly
,C
6B
-52
Pim
ifty
mac
sot.
may
opor
dau
,bo
tmim
asd
dlIi
ss&
dtot
kms,
aids
lbs
idus
ius
lail
oflb
sdi
recl
dsm
aee,
i5cc
sco
ofa
cyo
i*ei
adin
alo
ip&
s,ai
vim
som
alal
rom
adof
thov
iobs
or, r
mpo
issl
vaom
aof
.lslo
lcr,
ma. (s
ooaL
4Mdi
trno
alC
ossi
duat
ioos
u,,d
Fact
or,).
2
was
crea
ted
tode
mon
stra
teth
epe
nalty
rang
esfi
,rth
ety
peof
requ
ired
perm
itan
d“h
arm
tore
sour
ce”
(See
2.1.
1or
App
endi
xA
).
The
firs
ttw
oof
the
follo
win
gse
ctio
nsex
plai
nth
eid
entif
ied
and
non-
iden
tifie
dla
ndus
efr
amew
ork.
The
next
four
sect
ions
;T
ree
Rem
oval
,A
dditi
onal
Con
side
ratio
nsan
dFa
ctor
s,C
onti
nuin
gV
iola
tions
and
Perm
itN
on-C
ompl
ianc
e,an
dIn
-Kin
dPe
nalti
es,
prov
ide
guid
ance
for
the
upw
ard
ordo
wnw
ard
adju
stm
ent o
fpen
altie
sba
sed
onth
ein
itial
fram
ewor
kdi
scus
sed
inSe
ctio
n2.
1.1,
Iden
tifie
dla
ndus
epe
nalti
es.
2.1.
1Id
entI
fied
Lan
dU
seP
enal
ties
The
viol
atio
npe
nalty
rang
eas
soci
ated
with
each
requ
ired
perm
itw
illbe
asse
ssed
inac
cord
ance
with
the
follo
win
gha
rmto
reso
urce
indi
ces
inth
isgr
adua
ted
fram
ewor
k.
Tab
le1.
Pen
alty
Gui
deli
neF
ram
ewor
k
Lam
i ti
rano
arre
pr
aata
utl
atd
antt
fld
h.d
ie
nrit
easi
lyR
ants
‘wha
nnto
rcsc
srce
,eeln
.tuw
ithth
ektt
er
lajo
i)(
Bot
hd)
10,0
0041
5,00
0lo
dnat
s(ø
epai
tnie
ntal
)2,
0004
10,0
00tin
or3 (
Site
Plan
)i,0
00-S
2,00
0rM
hor
B)(
Sitc
Plan
)rp
toSI
,000
Mal
orH
arm
toth
eR
esou
ree/
Boa
rdP
erm
it(0
)
Vio
latio
nsid
entif
ied
with
the
requ
ired
perm
itpr
efix
(D) m
ayin
cur
ape
nalty
inth
era
nge
of$1
0,00
0-
$15,
000
asa
Boa
rdpe
rmit
wou
ldha
vebe
enre
quir
edto
min
imiz
eth
epo
ssib
ility
ofca
usin
g“m
ajor
harm
toth
ere
sour
ce.”
Exa
mpl
esof
’itz
ajor
harm
(s)
toth
ere
sour
ce”
may
incl
ude
actio
nsth
atca
use
subs
tant
ial
adve
rse
impa
ctto
exis
ting
natu
ral
reso
urce
sw
ithin
the
surr
ound
ing
area
, com
mun
ity,
ecos
yste
mor
regi
on,
orda
mag
eto
the
exis
ting
phys
ical
and
envi
ronm
enta
l asp
ects
oft
hela
nd,
such
asna
tura
l bea
uty
and
open
spac
ech
arac
teri
stic
s.Su
chac
tions
may
incl
ude,
but
are
not
limite
dto
,un
auth
oriz
edsi
ngle
-mi1
yre
side
nces
orun
auth
oriz
edst
ruct
ures
,gr
adin
gor
alte
ratio
nof
topo
grap
hic
feat
ures
,aq
uacu
lture
,m
ajor
mar
ine
cons
truc
tion
ordr
edgi
ng,
unau
thor
ized
shor
elin
est
ruct
ures
,maj
orpr
ojec
tsof
any
kind
,m
inin
gan
dex
trac
tion,
etc.
Med
er*1eE
arm
toth
eR
ssou
rce!
Deo
nrtm
enta
lP
erm
It(C
Vio
latio
nsid
entif
ied
with
the
requ
ired
perm
itpr
efix
(C)
may
incu
ra
pena
ltyin
the
rang
eof
S2,0
00-$
10,0
00,
asa
Dep
artm
enta
lpe
rmit
wou
ldha
vebe
enre
quir
ed,
due
toth
epo
ssib
ility
ofca
usin
g“m
oder
ate
harm
toth
ere
sour
ce.”
Exa
mpl
esof
“mod
erat
eha
rm(s
)to
the
reso
urce
”m
aybe
adve
rse
impa
cts
that
degr
ade
wat
erre
sour
ces,
degr
ade
nativ
eec
osys
tem
san
dha
bita
ts,
and/
oral
ter
the
stru
ctur
eor
funct
ion
ofa
terr
estr
ial,
litto
ral
orm
arin
eec
osys
tem
.Su
chac
tions
may
inch
ude,
but
are
not
limite
dto
,un
auth
oriz
edla
ndsc
apin
gca
usin
ggr
ound
dist
urba
nce,
unau
thor
ized
alte
ratio
n,re
nova
tion
orde
mol
ition
ofex
istin
gst
ruct
ures
orfa
cilit
ies,
such
asbu
ildin
gsan
dsh
orel
ine
stru
ctur
es,
mai
nten
ance
dred
ging
,ag
ricu
lture
,an
dan
imal
husb
andr
y,et
c.
Min
orH
arm
toth
eR
esou
rce/
Sit
eP
lan
Ane
rova
l(B
’iP
erm
itV
iola
tions
idcl
ifIe
dw
ithth
ere
quir
edpe
rmit
pref
ix(B
)iña
yinc
urpe
nalt
ies
asa
site
plan
appr
oval
wou
ldha
vebe
enre
quir
edto
assu
reth
at“m
inor
harm
(s)
toth
ere
sour
ce”
are
miá
imiz
ed.
“Min
orha
rm(s
)to
the
reso
urce
”m
ayin
cur
ape
nalty
of$l
,000
-$2,
000
and
coul
dbe
actio
nsca
usin
glim
ited
tosh
ort-
term
dire
ctim
pact
sin
clud
ing,
but n
otlim
ited
to,sm
all-
scal
edco
nstr
uctio
n,co
nstr
uctio
nof
acce
ssot
yst
ruct
ures
,in
stal
latio
no
f tem
pora
ryor
min
orsh
orel
ine
activ
ities
orsi
mila
r use
s.
Ver
yM
inor
Har
mto
the
Res
oUrc
e/(B
iP
erm
it
Inin
stan
ces
inw
hich
ape
rmit
wit
hthe
Bpr
àfIx
shou
ldha
vebe
enso
ught
but
are
cons
ider
edto
have
only
caus
ed“v
ery
min
orha
rm(s
)to
reso
urce
”a
pena
ltyof
upto
$1,0
00m
aybe
incu
rred
.T
hese
“ver
ym
inor
harm
(s)
toth
ere
sour
cW’
coul
dbe
actio
nsin
whi
chth
eim
pact
onth
ew
ater
reso
urce
orte
rres
tria
l,lit
tora
lor
mar
ine
ecos
yste
mw
aste
mpo
rary
orin
sign
ific
ant,
and
was
not
of
asu
bsta
ntia
lna
ture
eith
erin
divi
dual
lyor
cum
ulat
ivel
y.
2,1.
2N
on-
Iden
tifi
edL
and
Use
Pen
alde
s
Vio
latio
nsin
whi
chan
unau
thor
ized
use
isno
tid
entif
ied
inH
AR
§13-
5-22
,23
,24
,25
,S
taff
may
try
toas
soci
ate
the
actio
nw
ithth
em
oat
sim
ilar
iden
tifie
dla
ndus
ein
HA
R
34
§13-
5or
acco
rdin
gto
the
“har
mto
the
reso
urce
”ca
used
byth
evi
olat
ion.
Ref
erto
the
abov
ese
ctio
n,Id
entjf
led
Lan
dU
sePe
nalti
es,
fort
hem
Ost
sim
ilar r
equi
red
perm
itpr
efix
.T
oca
tego
rize
the
viol
atio
nas
a“h
arm
tore
sour
ce”
whe
nno
sim
ilar u
scis
iden
tifie
din
lIA
R§1
3-5,
Staf
f will
refe
rto
Tab
leI
and
the
defi
niti
ons
ofth
efo
urvi
olat
ion
type
sof
“har
mto
reso
urce
”(S
eeA
ppen
dix
B:D
efin
ition
s).
2.1.
3T
ree
Rem
oval
Vio
latio
npe
nalti
esfo
rth
ere
mov
alof
any
fede
ral o
rst
ate
liste
dth
reat
ened
, end
ange
red,
orco
mm
erci
ally
valu
able
tree
may
incu
ra
fine
ofup
to$1
5,00
0pe
rtre
e.R
emov
alof
any
nativ
etr
eem
ayin
cur
alin
eof
upto
$1,0
00pe
rtr
ee.
The
rem
oval
ofan
yin
vasi
vetre
esh
allb
eco
nsid
ered
asre
mov
al/c
lear
ing
ofve
geta
tion.
The
Boa
rd,
Dep
artm
ent,
orPr
esid
ing
Off
icer
also
has
the
optio
nof
cons
ider
ing
the
rem
oval
ofm
ore
than
one
tree
asa
sing
levi
olat
ion,
sim
ilar
toth
ere
mov
al/c
lear
ing
ofve
geta
tion.
3If
viol
atio
nis
cons
ider
edas
one
viol
atio
n,a
fine
amou
ntof
upto
S15
,000
may
bein
curr
ed,
utili
zing
the
guid
elin
esfo
rM
ajor
,M
oder
ate,
Min
or,
and
Ver
yM
inor
outli
ned
inth
issc
hedu
le.
How
ever
, the
rem
oval
ofan
yfe
dera
llyor
stat
elis
ted
thre
aten
edor
enda
nger
edtre
esh
all b
eco
nsid
ered
ona
one
viol
atio
npe
rtr
eeba
sis,
with
am
axim
umpe
nalty
nfup
to$1
5,00
0pe
rtr
ee
2.1.
4V
eget
atio
nR
emov
alfy
eget
atto
nC
lear
ing
Past
Staf
fre
com
men
dati
ons
and
Boa
rdde
cisi
ons
have
trea
ted
som
eca
ses
oftre
eor
rem
oval
ason
eci
tatio
nof
vege
tatio
ncl
eari
nglv
eget
atio
nre
mov
al, t
his
prac
tice
may
beco
ntin
ued
invi
olat
ions
resu
lting
inm
inor
orve
rym
inor
harm
toth
ere
sour
ce.
Inac
cord
ance
with
the
iden
tifie
dla
ndus
esw
ithin
lIA
R§1
3-5
the
asse
ssm
ento
f veg
etat
ion
rem
oval
has
been
base
don
asi
ngle
cita
tion
ofre
mov
al/c
lear
ing
dete
rmin
edby
the
squa
refo
otag
eof
vege
tatio
nre
mov
ed(S
eeT
able
3V
eget
atio
nR
emov
al).
How
ever
,th
e
Dep
artm
ent
may
see
fitto
asse
ssth
ere
mov
al/c
lear
ing
ofth
reat
ened
,en
dang
ered
,or
com
mer
cial
lyva
luab
lepl
ants
sim
ilar
toth
em
odif
ied
tree
rem
oval
fram
ewor
kan
dm
aybe
pena
lized
onan
indi
vidu
alpl
ant
basi
sof
upto
$15,
000
per
plan
t.
Tab
le3.
Veg
etat
ion
Rem
oval
:ar.b
bH
.ab
Rw
mre
am
alt,
kan
m
Lean
oval
ofm
oret
ban
10,0
00sq
ft.(a
jot
l0.0
00-$
l5.0
00.
tmio
vato
f Veg
etat
ion
orof
2.00
0-t,
,lm
ajc
2,00
0410
,000
10.0
00sq
.fto
f veS
etatio
nIm
nova
lof
lca
than
2,00
0sq
.It.
egda
tion
2ear
ing
ofIn
vasiv
eor
natio
ns11
,ag
etat
iou
Not
e:T
hecl
uerla
igo
tdu
aaie
d. e
udau
gore
dor
anu
rcto
llyva
laab
lepl
ans
wIll
bead
dron
udma
am
a.by
.cus
e‘sa
ab,t
aild
apai
aIln
gmth
ebnp
orto
ntzo
!die
apm
om
aym
arpe
iis1
lyef
upto
$150
00pe
rpis
iat.
Acc
ontia
igto
Tabl
e2,f
tecl
eatin
got
vege
latia
nm
aytn
cura
peaa
atty
ofup
to$l
Iaq.
ft, a
s cJe
anng
10,0
00eq
S.S
lat
coul
dam
ona
poas
ityo(
Sl0.
000.
2,13
Add
Itio
nalC
onsi
dera
tions
and
Fac
tors
Alte
rSt
aff
appl
ies
the
Con
sear
vtio
ñD
istr
ict
viol
atio
ngr
adua
ted
pena
ltyfr
amew
ork
toid
enti
t,th
evi
olat
ion
pena
ltyra
nge
(1,2
,an
d3
foun
dab
ove)
,th
eSt
aff m
ayin
corp
orat
ese
vera
lcon
side
ratio
nsin
toth
efi
nal
esse
ssed
cons
erva
tion
dist
rict
pena
ltyin
clud
ing
but
not
limite
dto
,th
ose
fact
ors
iden
tifie
din
HA
R§1
3-1-
70A
dmin
istr
ativ
eSa
nctio
nsSc
hedu
le;F
acto
rsto
beC
onsi
dere
d.
2.1.
6C
ontin
uIng
Vio
latio
nsan
dP
erm
itN
on-C
ompl
ianc
e
Each
day
duri
ngw
hich
apa
rty
cont
inue
sto
wor
kor
othe
rwis
eco
ntin
ues
tovi
olat
eco
nser
vatio
ndi
stri
ctla
ws,
and
afte
rth
eD
epar
tmen
tha
sin
form
edth
evi
olat
orof
the
offe
nse
byve
rbal
orw
ritte
nno
tific
atio
n,th
epa
rty
may
bepe
naliz
edup
to$1
5,00
0pe
rda
y(p
enal
ties
for e
very
day
illeg
alac
tions
cont
inue
)by
the
Dep
artm
ent f
orea
chse
para
teof
fens
e.
Wbi
tesit
ean
dSo
ord
deon
caS
MP.
.Ol.0
9,W
.-05
40an
dH
A-0
6-O
Sba
resm
al
the
rmae
,aI
ofam
a.nsiw
,ana
avor
uaau
oas
Iron
an,e
eQIu
lirgi
or’u
crm
g’W
ithm
adrm
e,h*oa
pla
uPl
oset
olIb
eban
anto
thcr,z
ad
tnsii
edm
age,m
ebu
6
Vio
latio
nof
exis
ting
appr
oved
Con
serv
atio
nD
istr
ictU
sePe
rmit
(CD
I)?)
cond
ition
sw
illbe
asse
ssed
ona
case
-by-
case
basi
s.E
xist
ing
perm
itvi
olat
ions
,in
whi
chde
adlin
esar
eno
tm
et,
may
bein
divi
dual
lyas
sess
edby
the
Staf
fas
topr
ior
viol
ator
cond
uct,
know
ledg
e,an
dco
mpl
ianc
e.V
iola
tion
ofpe
rmit
cond
ition
sin
volv
ing
initi
atio
nan
d/or
com
plet
ion
ofpr
ojec
tco
nstr
uctio
n,no
tific
atio
nof
star
tan
dco
mpl
etio
nda
tes,
failu
reto
file
lega
ldo
cum
ents
,et
c., m
aybe
cons
ider
edve
rym
inor
with
inth
eex
istin
gfr
amew
ork,
alth
ough
itsh
ould
beno
ted
that
such
actio
nsm
ayre
sult
inpe
rmit
revo
catio
n.Fa
ilure
tope
rfor
mpr
oper
cultu
ral,
arch
eolo
gica
l,or
envi
ronm
enta
lim
pact
stud
ies
orfa
ilure
toim
plem
ent
prop
erbe
stm
anag
emen
tpr
actic
esas
iden
tifie
din
the
stan
dard
perm
itco
nditi
ons
may
beas
sess
edm
ore
seve
rely
bySt
afI
asa
mod
erat
eor
maj
orha
rmto
the
reso
urce
,du
eto
the
pote
ntia
lof
grea
ter
adve
rse
impa
cts
tona
tura
lre
sour
ces
from
the
viol
ator
’sfa
ilure
toco
mpl
yw
ithth
epe
rmit
cond
ition
s,m
ayha
veoc
curr
ed.
2.1.
7In
-Kin
dPe
nalti
es
Onc
eth
epe
nalty
amou
ntha
sbe
enes
tabl
ishe
dth
roug
hth
efr
amew
ork
abov
e,th
eD
epar
tmen
tm
ayde
term
ine
that
the
full
paym
ent o
rso
me
port
ion
ofth
epe
nalty
may
bepa
idas
anin
-kin
dpe
nalty
proj
ect.
5T
his
wou
ldno
tser
veas
aw
ayto
avoi
dpa
ymen
tbut
asa
way
tore
duce
the
cash
amou
ntow
edw
hile
allo
win
gth
eD
epar
tmen
t to
cons
iste
ntly
enfo
rce
itsru
les.
The
in-k
ind
pena
ltypr
ojec
tis
not
desi
gned
tocr
edit
the
viol
ator
for
rest
orat
ion
orre
med
iatio
nef
forts
that
may
beal
read
yre
quir
ed, b
utto
.off
ket a
port
iot
ofth
eca
shpe
nalty
asse
ssed
.T
hein
-kin
dpe
nalty
shou
ldbe
enou
ghto
ensu
refu
ture
com
plia
nce
with
HA
R§1
3-5
and
1-IR
S§1
83C
, by
the
viol
ator
and
tode
ter o
ther
pote
ntia
lvi
olat
ors
from
non-
com
plia
nce.
In-k
ind
pena
lties
will
only
beco
nsid
ered
if(I
)th
ere
spon
sibl
epa
rty
isa
gove
rnm
ent
entit
y,su
chas
afe
dera
lag
ency
, Sta
teag
ency
, cou
nty
agen
cy, c
ityag
ency
, uni
vers
ity,o
rsc
hool
boar
d,or
if(2
)th
ere
spon
sibl
epa
rty
isa
priv
ate
part
ypr
opos
ing
anen
viro
nmen
tal
rest
orat
ion,
enha
ncem
ent,
info
rmat
ion,
ored
ucat
ion
proj
ect.
In-k
ind
pena
lties
are
limite
dto
the
follo
win
gsp
ecif
icop
tions
:
a,M
ater
ial
and/
orla
bor
supp
ort
for
envi
ronm
enta
len
hanc
emen
to
rre
stor
atio
npr
ojec
ts.
The
Dep
artm
ent
will
give
pref
eren
ceto
in-k
ind
proj
ects
bene
fitin
gpr
opos
edgo
vern
men
t-sp
onso
red
envi
ronm
enta
lpr
ojec
ts.
For
shor
elin
evi
olat
ions
,th
ism
ayin
clud
est
ate
beac
hno
uris
hmen
tpr
ojec
tsan
ddu
nere
stor
atio
npr
ojec
ts.
b.E
nvir
onm
enta
l Inf
orm
atio
nan
dE
nvir
onm
enta
l Edw
catl
onpr
ojec
ts.
Any
info
rmat
ion
ored
ucat
ion
proj
ect
prop
osed
mus
tde
mon
stra
teho
wth
ein
fonn
atio
nor
educ
atio
npr
ojec
tw
illdi
rect
lyen
hanc
eth
eD
epar
tmen
t’s,
and
pref
erab
lyth
eO
CC
L’s,
mis
sion
topr
otec
tan
dco
nser
veH
awai
i’s
Con
serv
atio
nD
istr
ict L
ands
.
c.C
apit
alor
Fac
ilit
yIm
prov
emen
ts.
Any
capi
tal
orfa
cilit
yim
prov
emen
tpr
ojec
tpr
opos
edm
ust
dem
onst
rate
how
the
impr
ovem
ent
will
dire
ctly
enha
nce
the
Dep
artm
ent’
san
d)or
publ
ic’s
use,
acce
ss,
orec
olog
ical
valu
eof
the
cons
erva
tion
prop
erty
.
d.P
rope
rty.
Are
spon
sibl
epa
rty
may
prop
ose
todo
nate
land
toth
ede
part
men
tas
anin
-kin
dpe
nalty
.D
onat
ions
will
beha
ndle
dby
the
Dep
artm
ent’
sL
egac
yL
ands
prog
ram
orsi
mila
r pro
gram
.
‘ta-
Kj,
4P
eiih
ye,,um
kha
, ba4
apId
Sam
Pks
tia
Oq,
anm
auof
‘mam
al04
0510
0.20
07.P
4051
110
Dtr
05va
923,
Sei
Imne
tpid
tham
fc.v
t,4
mai
PN
ao0pm
thi.
.
78
1.1.
8P
enal
tyA
djud
icat
ion
3A
SS
ES
SM
EN
TO
FD
AM
AG
ES
TO
PU
BL
ICL
AiD
OR
NA
TU
RA
LR
ES
OU
RC
ES
Vio
latio
npe
nalti
esm
aybe
adju
dica
ted
sim
ilarl
yto
the
harm
tore
sour
cein
dice
sin
the
pena
ltygu
idel
ine
fram
ewor
k.
t,.D
,.,.....
lajo
rI0
,000
-S15
,000
3oar
d
4ode
rate
2,00
0-1
10,0
003o
ard
iino
r1,
000-
12,0
00ha
irpe
rson
orPr
esid
ing
)ffl
cer
e1y
Min
or,
orPr
esid
ing
Maj
oran
dM
oder
ate
ham
sto
the
Res
ourc
eT
heB
oard
may
adju
dica
tepe
nalti
esto
viol
atio
nsca
tego
rize
das
caus
ing
orpo
tent
ially
caus
ing
maj
oror
mod
erat
eha
rm(s
)to
the
reso
urce
. The
Boa
rdm
ayal
soad
judi
cate
case
sin
whi
chre
peat
viol
atio
ns,
repe
atvi
olat
ors,
oreg
regi
ous
beha
vior
wer
ein
volv
ed,
orm
oder
ate
tosi
gnif
ican
tac
tual
harm
toth
ere
sour
ceoc
curr
ed.
The
Boa
rdm
ayal
soad
judi
cate
the
paym
ento
f par
tor a
ll,of
the
pena
ltyas
part
ofan
lit-k
ind
pena
lty.
dP
enaiR
Aña-:
Pena
lties
tore
coup
dam
ages
topu
blic
land
sor
natu
ral
reso
urce
sfo
rth
epu
rpos
esof
enfo
rcem
ent
and
rean
edia
tion
may
beas
sess
edin
addi
tion
toC
onse
rvat
ion
Dis
tric
tvi
olat
ion
pena
lties
asse
ssed
byth
eaf
orem
entio
ned
guid
elin
es.
The
asse
ssed
tota
lva
lue
ofth
ein
itial
and
inte
rimna
tura
lre
sour
ce(s
)da
mag
edor
lost
(com
pens
ator
yda
mag
es)
and
the
cost
ofre
stor
atio
nor
repl
acem
ent
ofth
eda
mag
edna
tura
lre
sour
ce(s
)(p
rim
ary
rest
orat
ion
cost
)al
ong
with
any
othe
rapp
ropr
iate
thot
ors,
incl
udin
gth
ose
nam
edin
HA
R§1
34.7
0,m
aybe
adju
dica
ted
byth
eB
oard
.T
heto
tal
valu
em
aybe
estim
ated
ona
per
annu
mba
sis,
and
then
may
beus
edto
calc
ulat
eth
ene
tpr
esen
tva
lue
ofth
ein
itial
and
inte
rimlo
ssof
natu
ral
reso
urce
bene
fits
,un
tilth
eec
osys
tem
stru
ctur
e,fu
nctio
n,an
d/or
serv
tces
are
rest
orei
The
cost
ofa
full-
scal
eda
mag
eas
sess
men
tby
the
Dep
artm
ent
wou
ldbe
anad
min
istr
ativ
eco
st,
whi
chco
uld
bere
coup
edby
the
Boa
rdfr
omth
ela
ndow
ner
orof
fend
erpu
rsua
nt§H
RS
183C
-7.
Inso
me
case
s,th
eda
mag
eto
publ
icla
nds
orna
tura
lre
sour
ces
may
occu
ron
mor
eth
anon
eec
osys
tem
orha
bita
tty
pe(e
.g.,
sand
ybe
ache
s,se
agra
ssbe
ds,a
ndco
ralr
eefs
).In
such
inst
ance
s,da
mag
esfo
r all
impa
cted
syst
ems
will
beha
ndle
dcu
mul
ativ
ely.
Min
oran
dV
ery
Min
orH
arm
toth
eR
esou
rce
The
Boa
rdm
ayde
lega
teto
the
Cha
irpe
rson
ora
Pres
idin
gO
ffic
erth
epo
wer
tore
nder
afi
nal d
ecis
ion
inm
inor
and
very
min
orco
nser
vatio
ndi
stri
ctvi
olat
ions
inor
dert
opr
ovid
eex
pedi
tious
proc
essi
ngan
dco
stef
fect
ive
reso
lutio
n.T
heC
hair
pers
onor
appo
inte
dPr
esid
ing
Off
icer
may
adju
dica
tepe
nalti
esto
min
oran
dve
rym
inor
viol
atio
nsch
arac
teri
zed
byin
adve
rten
tor
unin
tent
iona
lvi
olat
ions
and
thos
evi
olat
ions
whi
chca
used
min
oror
very
min
orha
rmto
the
reso
urce
.
Sinc
eal
lth
eec
osys
tem
serv
ices
prov
ided
byth
eec
osys
tem
inqu
estio
nca
nnot
bequ
antif
ied
(e.g
.,th
eae
sthe
ticva
lue)
,the
valu
esob
tain
edar
elo
wer
boun
des
timat
es,a
ndm
aybe
appl
ied
tosy
stem
ssi
mila
rto
the
refe
renc
edec
osys
tem
usin
gth
ebe
nefi
t tta
nsfb
rm
etho
d.T
hese
valu
atio
ns,
toac
coun
tfo
rthe
loss
ofec
osys
tem
serv
ices
and
the
cost
tore
stor
eth
em,
may
beap
plie
dto
Haw
aiia
nec
osys
tem
son
publ
icla
nds
such
asK
oaan
dO
hia
fore
sts,
cora
l ree
fs,s
eagr
ass
beds
,wet
land
s,du
nean
dbe
ach
ecos
yste
ms,
and
othe
rim
port
antH
awai
ian
ecos
yste
ms.
Whi
leea
chca
seis
uniq
uean
din
divi
dual
inna
ture
,th
eD
epar
tmen
tm
ayno
tbe
able
toco
nduc
tde
taile
dda
mag
eas
sess
inen
tsin
each
case
,an
dm
ayre
fer
topa
stpr
eced
ent,
910
econ
omic
ecos
yste
mva
luat
ions
,an
dot
her
publ
ishe
den
viro
nmen
tal
valu
atio
nsto
estim
ate
and
asse
ssda
mag
eson
smal
ler s
cale
s(f
orva
luat
ions
and
publ
icat
ion
exam
ples
see
App
endi
xC
:R
efer
ence
san
dA
ppen
dix
D:
Dam
ages
Exa
mpl
es).
Usi
ngth
ebe
nefi
ttr
ansf
erm
etho
dto
appl
ypa
stpr
eced
ents
and
publ
ishe
dva
luat
ions
inso
me
situ
atio
nsw
ould
allo
wth
eD
epar
tmen
tto
focu
sits
adm
inis
trat
ive
dutie
san
dtim
eon
rem
edia
tion
and
rest
orat
ion
effo
rts.
How
ever
,as
ecol
ogic
alva
luat
ion
and
rese
arch
cont
inue
,m
ore
com
preh
ensi
vees
timat
esm
aybe
prod
uced
and
utili
zed.
The
Boa
rdm
ayal
low
rest
orat
ion
activ
ities
and
dam
age
pena
lties
tobe
cond
ucte
dan
d/or
appl
ied
toa
site
diff
eren
tfr
omth
elo
catio
nof t
heda
mag
edar
eaw
here
sim
ilar p
hysi
cal,
biol
ogic
alan
dfo
rcu
ltura
lfu
nctio
nsex
ist.
The
seas
sess
edda
mag
esar
ein
depe
nden
tof
othe
r,ci
ty,
coun
ty,
stat
ean
dfe
dera
lre
gula
tory
deci
sion
san
dad
judi
catio
ns.
Thu
s,th
çm
onet
ary
rem
edie
spr
ovid
edin
HR
S§1
83C
.7ar
ecu
mul
ativ
ean
din
addi
tion
toan
yot
her
rem
edie
sal
low
edby
law
.
3.1
PR
IMA
RY
RE
ST
OR
AT
ION
DA
MA
GE
S
The
cost
ofla
ndor
habi
tatr
esto
ratio
nor
repl
acem
ent,
the
cost
ofsi
tem
onito
ring
,an
dsi
tem
anag
emen
tm
aybe
asse
ssed
and
char
ged
aspr
imaj
yre
stor
atio
nda
mag
es.
Res
tora
tion
effo
rts
will
aim
tore
turn
the
dam
aged
ecos
yste
mto
asi
mila
rec
olog
ical
stru
ctur
ean
dfl
mct
ion
that
exis
ted
prio
rto
the
viol
atio
n.In
case
sin
whi
chth
eda
mag
edec
osys
tem
was
pred
omin
atel
yco
mpo
sed
ofno
n-na
tive
spec
ies,
rest
orat
ion
effo
rts
mus
tre
-veg
etat
eC
onse
rvat
ion
Dis
tric
tla
ndan
dpu
blic
land
sw
ithno
n-in
vasi
vesp
ecie
s,pr
efer
ably
nativ
ean
den
dem
icsp
ecie
swhe
npo
ssib
leT
heus
eof
nativ
ean
den
dem
icsp
ecie
sm
ayth
usre
sult
inth
ere
stor
atio
nof
ecol
ogic
alst
ruct
ure
and
func
tion
criti
cal
for
the
surv
ival
ofen
dem
icH
awai
ian
spec
ies.
Ret
urni
ngth
eda
mag
edan
dor
seve
rely
degr
aded
site
toa
cdnd
ition
sim
ilar
toor
bette
rth
anits
prev
ious
ecol
ogic
alSt
ruct
ure
and
func
tion
(e.g
.,a
terr
estr
ial s
yste
msu
chas
aK
oa(A
caci
ako
a)fo
rest
)w
ould
incl
ude:
(I)
calc
ulat
ing
the
leve
lof
ecos
yste
mse
rvic
esto
bere
stor
edfr
omca
rbon
sequ
estr
atio
n,cl
imat
ere
gula
tion,
nutr
ient
cycl
ing,
air
and
wat
erpu
rifi
cati
on,
eros
ion
cont
rol,
plan
tan
d/or
wild
life
habi
tat,
and
any
othe
rse
rvic
esw
hich
may
beva
lued
;(2
)pu
rcha
se,
prod
uctio
nan
dou
t-pl
antin
gof
Koa
seed
lings
;an
d(3
)m
onito
ring
,m
aint
enan
ce,
and
man
agem
entf
orth
etim
epe
riod
ofm
atur
egr
owth
of-4
0-60
year
s,to
achi
eve
mat
ure
cano
pyst
ruct
ure,
nativ
eun
der-
stor
y,an
dan
acce
ptab
lele
vel
oflo
stec
osys
tem
stru
ctur
e,fu
nctio
nan
d/or
serv
ices
rest
ored
.
3.2
CO
MP
EN
SA
TO
RY
DA
MA
GE
CA
LC
UL
AT
ION
Com
pens
ator
yda
mag
esto
publ
icla
nds
orna
tura
l res
ourc
esm
aybe
asse
ssed
andc
harg
edto
the
viol
ator
toco
mpe
nsat
efo
rec
osys
tem
dam
age
and
Lost
initi
alan
din
teri
mec
osys
tem
serv
ices
toth
epu
blic
.A
llD
ivis
ions
ofth
eD
epar
tmen
t may
coor
dina
teth
eir
reso
urce
san
dcf
tbrt
sal
ong
with
exis
ting
ecos
yste
mva
luat
ions
and
publ
icat
ions
(See
App
endi
xC
and
Dth
eex
ampl
es)
tode
rive
the
esti
mat
edto
tal
valu
eof
the
natu
ral
reso
urce
dam
aged
until
the
ecos
yste
mst
ruct
ure,
func
tion,
and
serv
ices
are
estim
ated
tobe
reco
vere
d.
The
tota
l val
ueof
the
natu
ralr
esou
rce
that
islo
stor
dam
aged
may
incl
ude
the
initi
alan
din
teri
mva
lues
ofth
eec
osys
tem
serv
ices
prov
ided
byth
ena
tura
l res
ourc
eor
habi
tat,
and
the
soci
al-e
cono
mic
valu
eof
the
degr
aded
site
,un
tilth
eec
osys
tem
stru
ctur
e,fu
nctio
n,an
d/or
serv
ices
are
rest
ored
.A
sses
sing
the
dam
ages
toth
ere
sour
ceco
uld
incl
ude:
estim
atin
gth
elo
ssof
ecos
yste
mse
rvic
esof
carb
onse
ques
trat
ion,
clim
ate
regu
latio
n,nu
trie
ntcy
clin
g,pl
ant
and/
orw
ildlif
eha
bita
t,bi
odiv
ersi
ty,
air
and
wat
erpu
rifi
catio
n,er
osio
nco
ntro
l,co
asta
lpr
otec
tion,
the
loss
ofbe
nefi
tsto
tour
ism
,fis
herie
s,so
ciet
y,cu
ltura
lin
spir
atio
nan
dpr
actic
es,
and
any
othe
rse
rvic
esw
hich
may
beva
lued
.
The
sena
tura
lres
ourc
eda
mag
esm
aybe
asse
ssed
usin
gec
onom
icva
luat
ion
tech
niqu
esto
estim
ate
the
tota
lva
lue(
s)of
the
natu
ral
reso
urce
(s)
dam
aged
ona
per
area
basi
s,in
clud
ing,
tota
lec
osys
tem
serv
ice
valu
e,to
tal
annu
albe
nefi
ts,
the
mar
ket
valu
eof
the
natu
ral
reso
urce
,or
any
othe
rtk
ctor
deem
edap
prop
riat
e.T
heto
tal
valu
eof
the
pres
ent
and
inte
rim
natu
ral
reso
urce
dam
age
may
bees
tim
ated
byca
lcul
atin
gth
ene
tpr
esen
tva
lue
ofth
ese
lost
bene
fits
,va
lues
and
serv
ices
. The
net p
rese
ntva
lue
may
beca
lcul
ated
usin
ga
disc
ount
rate
tosc
ale
the
pres
ent
and
futu
reco
sts
toth
epu
blic
,of
the
inte
rim
loss
esof
ecos
yste
mse
rvic
esov
erth
ere
stor
atio
ntim
e.T
here
stor
atio
ntim
em
aybe
1112
estim
ated
asth
enu
mbe
rof
year
sfo
rth
eda
mag
edna
tura
lres
ourc
eor
ecos
yste
mto
reac
hm
atur
ityan
d/or
the
ecos
yste
mst
ruct
ure
and
func
tion
tobe
rest
ored
sim
ilar
toth
epre
viol
atio
nSt
ate.
The
disc
ount
offu
ture
loss
esan
dac
crue
dbe
nefi
tsm
aybe
used
inth
eva
luat
ion
ofm
itiga
tion
effo
rts
perf
orm
edby
the
viol
ator
.Fo
rex
ampl
eth
ere
stor
atio
nco
nduc
ted
imm
edia
tely
afte
rda
mag
eoc
curr
edm
aybe
calc
ulat
edto
have
ahi
gher
pres
ent
bene
fit w
orth
than
the
bene
fit
ofre
stor
atio
nac
tiviti
esun
dert
aken
aye
aror
two
late
r.
Tnot
her
inst
ance
s,a
habi
tat
equi
vale
ncy
anal
ysis
(HE
A)
ora
reso
urce
equi
vale
ncy
anal
ysis
(RE
A)
may
beus
edto
scal
eeq
uiva
lent
habi
tat
orw
ildlif
elo
sses
for
estim
atin
gbo
thec
osys
tem
dam
age
pena
lties
and
rest
orat
ion
effo
rts.
3.3
AD
JVD
ICA
TIO
NO
FD
AM
AG
ES
The
adju
dica
tion
ofpr
imar
yre
stor
atio
nda
mag
esan
dco
mpe
nsat
ory
dam
ages
will
bead
judi
cate
dby
the
Boa
rddu
eto
the
com
plex
ityof
the
asse
ssm
ent
proc
ess
and
toas
sure
prop
erch
ecks
and
bala
nces
,inc
ludi
ngad
equa
tepu
blic
noti
cean
da
publ
iche
arin
g.
Inad
ditio
nto
the
dam
ages
and
pena
ltyvi
olat
ions
asse
ssed
the
Dep
artm
ent
isal
low
edto
reco
upal
lad
min
istr
ativ
eco
sts
asso
ciat
edw
ithth
eal
lege
dvi
olat
ion
purs
uant
toH
RS
§183
C-7
(b).
All
pena
lties
asse
ssed
will
bein
com
plia
nce
with
HR
S18
3C-7
(c)
and
will
not
proh
ibit
any
pers
onfr
omex
erci
sing
nativ
eH
awai
ian
gath
erin
gri
ghts
ortr
adit
iona
lcu
ltura
lpr
actic
es.
Tab
le2.
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etat
ion
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oval
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ened
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L
AP
PE
ND
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EW
OR
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AB
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S
Tab
le1.
Pen
alty
Gal
dell
aeF
ram
ewor
k
lana
tore
noat
ecor
,ba
dus
eta
criid
tot
eatla
l tar
bair
nto
eahi
nbi w
ithth
ele
tter
easi
lyR
inse
me
1ajo
rI(B
oard
)10
.000
415.
000
4ode
rate
(Dep
tmen
tal)
2,00
0410
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min
or(S
itePl
an)
1.00
0-32
,000
eiy
Min
or3)
(Site
Plan
)Ip
toSl
.000
13
AP
PE
ND
IXB
:DE
FIN
ITIO
NS
Def
tnil
ioni
:
(I)
“Bas
elin
e”m
eans
the
orig
inal
leve
lof s
ervi
ces
prov
ided
byth
eda
mag
edre
sour
ce.
(2)
“Ben
efit
Tra
nsfe
rM
etho
d”es
timat
eseconom
icva
lues
bytr
ansf
erri
ngex
istin
gbe
nefi
t est
imat
esfr
omst
udie
sal
read
yco
mpl
eted
fura
noth
erlo
catio
nor
issu
e.7
(3)
“Boa
rd”
mea
nsth
eB
oard
ofLa
ndan
dN
atur
alR
esou
rces
.(4
)“B
oard
Perm
it”m
eans
ape
rmit
appr
oved
byth
eB
oard
ofLa
ndan
dN
atur
alR
esou
rces
.
(5)
“Cha
irpe
rson
”m
eans
the
chai
rper
son
ofth
ebo
ard
ofla
ndan
dna
tura
l res
ourc
es(6
)“C
ivil
Res
ourc
eV
iola
tions
Syst
em”
or“C
RV
S”m
eans
asy
stem
ofad
min
istr
ativ
ela
wpr
ocee
ding
sas
auth
oriz
edun
der
chap
ter
1 99D
,H
RS,
and
furt
her
pres
crib
edin
Subc
hapt
er7,
13-1
,HA
lt,fo
rth
epu
rpos
eof
proc
essi
ngci
vil r
esou
rce
viol
atio
ns.
(7)
“Com
pens
ator
yD
amag
es”
mea
nsda
mag
esfo
rco
mpe
nsat
ion
for
the
inte
rimlo
ssof
ecos
yste
mse
rvic
esto
the
publ
icpr
ior
tofu
llre
cove
ry.
(8)
“Con
test
edC
ase”
mea
nsa
proc
eedi
ngin
whi
chth
ele
gal
righ
ts,
dutie
s,or
priv
ilege
sof
spec
ific
part
ies
are
requ
ired
byla
wto
bede
term
ined
afte
ran
oppo
rtun
ityfo
ran
agen
cyhe
arin
g.
(9)
“Dep
artm
ent”
mea
nsth
eD
epar
tmen
t of L
and
and
Nat
ural
Res
ouxc
es,
(10)
“Dep
artm
enta
lPer
mit”
mea
nsa
pcrm
itap
prov
edby
the
Cha
irpe
rson
.(I
I)“D
isco
untin
g”m
eans
anec
onom
icpr
oced
ure
that
wei
ghts
past
and
futu
rebe
nefit
sor
cost
ssu
chth
atth
eyar
eco
mpa
rabl
ew
ithpr
esen
tbe
nefi
tsan
dco
sts.
(12)
“Eco
syst
emSe
rvic
es”
mea
nsna
tura
lre
sour
ces
and
ecos
yste
mpr
oces
ses,
whi
chm
aybe
valu
edac
cord
ing
toth
eir
bene
fits
tohu
man
kind
.
For
exam
ple.
carb
onse
ques
trat
ion,
clim
ate
regu
latio
n,nu
trie
ntcy
clin
g,pl
ant
an&
orw
ildlif
eha
bita
t,bi
odiv
er.s
iiyai
ran
dw
ater
purj
flca
tion,
eros
ion
cont
rol,
coas
tal
prot
ectio
n,th
elo
ssof
bene
fits
toto
uris
m,
recr
eatio
n,sc
ient
ific
dizc
over
y,f,s
heri
er, s
ocie
rycu
ltura
l ins
pira
tion
and
prac
tices
,an
dan
yot
hers
ervi
ces
whi
chm
aybe
valu
ed.
(13)
“Gro
ssly
negl
igen
t”vi
olat
ion
mea
nsco
nsci
ous
and
volu
ntar
yac
tsor
omis
sion
sch
arac
teri
zed
byth
efa
ilure
tope
rfor
ma
man
ifes
tdu
tyin
reck
less
disr
egar
dof
the
cons
eque
nces
.5 (1
4)“H
arm
tore
sour
ce”
mea
nsan
actu
alor
pote
ntia
lim
pact
,w
heth
erdi
rect
orin
dire
ct,
shor
tor
long
term
,ac
ting
ona
natu
ral,
cultu
ral
orso
cial
reso
urce
whi
chis
expe
cted
tooc
cur a
sa
resu
ltof
unau
thor
ized
acts
ofco
nstr
uctio
n,sh
orel
ine
a1tm
tion,
orla
ndsc
ape
alte
ratio
nas
isde
fined
asfo
llow
s:
(a)
“Maj
orH
arm
tore
sour
ce”
mea
nsa
sign
ific
ant
adve
rse
impa
ct(s
),w
hich
can
caus
esu
bsta
ntia
ladv
erse
impa
ctto
exis
ting
natu
ral r
esou
rces
with
inth
esu
rrou
ndin
gar
ea,
com
mun
ityor
regi
on,
orda
mag
eth
eex
istin
gph
ysic
alan
den
viro
nmen
tal
aspe
cts
ofth
ela
nd,
such
asna
tura
lbe
auty
and
open
spac
ech
arac
teri
stic
s
(b)
‘Mod
erat
eH
arm
toR
esou
rce”
mea
nsan
adve
rse
impa
ct(s
),w
hich
can
degr
ade
wat
erre
sour
ces,
degr
ade,
nativ
eec
osys
tem
san
dha
bita
ts,
and/
orre
duce
the
stru
ctur
eor
func
tion
ofa
terr
estr
ial,
litto
ral o
rmar
ine
syst
em(b
utno
tto
the
exte
nto
f tho
sepr
evio
usly
defi
ned
asth
ose
in(a
)).
(c)
“Min
orH
arm
toR
esou
rce”
mea
nslim
ited
tosh
ort-
term
dire
ctim
pact
sfr
ont
smal
lsca
led
cons
truc
tion
orsh
orel
ine
orve
geta
tion
alte
ratio
nac
tiviti
es.
(d)
“Ver
yM
inor
Har
mto
Res
ourc
e”m
eans
anac
tion
inw
hich
the
impa
cton
the
wat
erre
sour
ceor
terr
estr
ial,
litto
ralo
r mar
ine
ecos
yste
mw
asin
sign
ific
ant,
and
was
noto
f asu
bsta
ntia
lna
ture
eith
erin
divi
dual
lyor
cum
ulat
ivel
y.
For
exam
ple,
“maj
orha
rmto
the
reso
urce
(s)”
wou
ldbe
asso
ciat
edw
itha
maf
orla
ndus
evi
olat
ion
that
wou
ldha
velik
ely
requ
ired
aB
oard
Perm
i4su
chas
build
ing
aho
use,
whi
lea
“min
orha
rmto
the
reso
urce
(s)”
may
be
‘Def
initi
onad
apta
dfi
vm
L.a.
625.
54.
asso
ciat
edw
ithm
inor
land
uses
requ
irin
gan
adm
inis
trat
ive
Site
Plan
APP
EN
DIX
C:
RE
FER
EN
CE
SA
ppro
vaL
for
build
ing
asm
all a
cces
sory
stru
ctur
e.
Ces
ar, a
,van
Beu
keri
ng,
P.,P
intz
,S.
,Die
rkin
g1.
2002
. Eco
nom
icva
luat
ion
ofth
eco
ral
(15)
“Kno
win
g”vi
olat
ion
mea
nsan
act
orom
issi
ondo
new
ithaw
aren
ess
ofth
ena
ture
reef
so
f Haw
aii.
NO
AA
Fina
lR
epor
tN
A16
0A14
49.
of
the
cond
uct.
(16)
“Net
Pres
ent
Val
ue”
mea
nsth
eto
tal
pres
ent
valu
e(P
V)
of
atim
ese
ries
of
cash
Con
serv
atio
nIn
tern
atio
nal.
2008
.E
cono
mic
Val
ues
of
Cor
alR
eefs
..M
angr
oves
._an
dfl
ows.
.
Seas
rass
es:
Asl
obal
Com
pila
tion.
Cen
ter
for
App
lied
Bio
dive
rsity
Scie
ncn,
(17)
“OC
CL
Adm
inis
trat
or”
mea
nsth
eA
dmin
istr
ator
ofth
eO
flic
eof
Con
serv
atio
nC
onse
rvat
ion
Inte
rnat
iona
l,A
rling
ton
VA
, USA
.an
dC
oast
alL
ands
.
(18)
‘Par
ty”
mea
nsea
chpe
rson
orag
ency
nam
edor
adm
itted
asa
party
.C
osta
nza,
R.an
dFa
ncy
1.20
07.
Eco
loai
cal e
cono
mic
sof
coas
tal
disa
ster
s:In
trodu
ctio
n(1
9)‘P
erso
n”m
eans
anap
prop
riat
ein
divi
dual
s,pa
rtne
rshi
p,co
rpor
atio
n,as
soci
atio
n,to
the
spec
ial
issu
e.Ec
olog
ical
Eco
nom
ics
63p.
249-
253.
orpu
blic
orpr
ivat
eor
gani
zatio
nof
any
char
acte
rot
hert
han
agen
cies
.(2
0)‘P
resi
ding
Off
ice?
’m
eans
the
pers
onco
nduc
ting
the
hear
ing,
whi
chsh
all
beth
eC
osta
nza,
R,
d’A
rgn,
R.,
deG
root
, R,
Farb
er,
S.,
Gra
sso,
M.,
Han
non,
B.,
Lim
burg
,K
.,ch
airp
erso
n,or
the
chai
rper
son’
sde
sign
ated
repr
esen
tativ
e.N
aeem
,S.
,O
’Nei
ll,R
N.,
Paru
elo,
3.,
Ras
kin,
R.G
.,Su
tton,
P.,
van
den
Bel
t,M
.(2
1)‘P
rim
ary
Res
tora
tion
Dam
ages
”m
eans
the
cast
sto
rest
ore
the
dam
aged
site
toits
1997
.T
heV
alue
ofth
eW
orld
’sE
cosy
stem
Serv
ices
and
Nat
ural
Can
ital.
Nat
ure
387
prio
rba
selin
est
ate
.p.
253-
260.
(22)
“Site
Plan
”m
eans
apl
andr
awn
tosc
ale,
show
ing
the
actu
aldi
men
sion
san
dsh
ape
ofth
epr
oper
ty, t
hesi
zean
dlo
catio
nson
the
prop
erty
ofexis
ting
and
prop
osed
stnl
ctur
esFl
orid
aD
epar
tmen
tof
Env
iron
men
tal
Prot
ectio
n.D
amaa
eC
osts
inS
eaar
ass
Hab
itats
.an
dop
enar
eas
incl
udin
gve
geta
tion
and
land
scap
ing,
h$.ll
ww
w.d
ep.s
tate
.jl.i/
coas
ta1/
habi
tats
/sea
gra$
s/aw
aren
ess/
dam
age_
cost
s.ht
zfl
(23)
“WilI
flul
viol
atio
n”m
eans
anac
tor
omis
sion
whi
chis
volu
ntar
y,in
tent
iona
lan
dw
ithth
esp
ecif
icin
tent
todo
som
ethi
ngth
ela
wfo
rbid
s,or
thuto
doso
met
hing
the
law
Flor
ida
Dep
artm
ent o
f Env
iron
men
tal P
rote
ctio
n.20
00A
dmin
istr
ativ
eFi
nes
and
Dam
aee
requ
ires
tobe
done
.iali
luiy,C
h.62
B-5
4.ht
lp//w
ww
.dcp
.sta
te.fl
.us/
lega
l/Rul
es/b
each
/62b
-54.
doc
Flor
ida
Dep
artm
ent
of
Env
iron
men
tal
Prot
ectio
n.2
00
7Pr
ogra
mD
irec
tive
923.
Settl
emen
teu
idel
ines
for c
ivil
and
adm
inis
trat
ive
oena
lties
.w
ww
.dep
.sta
tefI
.us/
adm
iWde
pdir
s/pd
f792
3.pd
f
Flor
ida
Dep
artm
ent o
fE
nvir
onm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion.
2000
.R
ules
and
proc
edur
esfo
rpo
olic
atio
nfo
rco
asta
l con
stru
ctio
noe
tmits
.Cli.
62B
-4l. 4
l.p
df
NO
AA
Coa
stal
Serv
ices
Cen
ter.
Hab
itatE
quiv
alen
cyA
naly
sis.
ww
w.c
sc.n
oaa.
gov/
coas
tal/e
cono
mic
s/ha
bita
tequ
.htm
AP
PE
ND
IXD
:D
AM
AG
ES
EX
AM
PL
ES
Mai
neL
and-
Use
Reg
ulat
ion
Com
mis
sion
.20
07.
2008
Wor
bhop
Dra
ftC
ompr
ehen
sive
Land
Use
Plan
:fo
rare
asw
ithin
the
juri
sdic
tion.
http
://w
ww
.mai
ne.g
ov/d
oc/lu
rc/r
efer
ence
iclu
prev
/CL
UPJ
WD
ratU
g5.s
htm
l
Exa
mpl
esof
Dam
age
Ass
essm
ents
and
Poss
ible
Rem
edla
tlen
Eff
orts
The
follo
win
gar
eon
lybr
iefp
ast
estim
ates
used
inH
awai
ian
dot
her
stat
es;
they
are
byno
mea
nsco
mpr
ehen
sive
orlim
iting
.T
hese
are
inte
nded
tobe
exam
ples
for
poss
ible
asse
ssm
ents
and
rem
edia
tion
effo
rts
nota
ste
mpl
ates
.A
spr
evio
usly
stat
edea
chca
sew
illbe
hand
led
indi
vidu
ally
toac
coun
tfo
run
ique
ecol
ogic
al,
econ
omic
and
cultu
ral i
mpa
ct&
The
follo
win
gar
eor
gani
zed
byha
bita
tty
pe.
Cor
al
Flor
ida
Den
artm
ent o
f Env
iron
men
tal
Prot
ectio
n(C
ivil
Dai
nane
s’l:
The
DEP
can
impo
sefi
nes
ofup
to$1
,000
/rn
2of
real
dam
aged
and
isde
pend
ent
onth
eab
senc
eof
exte
nuat
ing
circ
umst
ance
ssu
chas
wea
ther
cond
ition
s,di
sreg
ard
ofsa
febo
atin
gpr
actic
es, n
avig
atio
nal e
rror
,whe
ther
the
vess
elop
erat
orw
asun
der
the
infl
uenc
eof
drug
sor
alco
hole
tc.
Ces
aret
a120
02(E
cosy
stem
Serv
ice
Val
uatiu
n’
Ces
arci
aLus
eda
Sim
ple
Cer
alR
eefE
colo
gica
lEc
onom
icM
odel
(SC
RE
EM
)to
asse
ssH
awai
ian
cora
lree
fsba
sed
onth
ean
nual
bene
fits
ofth
eco
ralr
eefs
tore
crea
tion/
tour
ism
,pr
oper
tyam
eniti
es,
biod
iver
sity
,fi
sher
ies
and
educ
atio
n.T
hean
nual
bene
fits
and
tota
lec
onom
icva
lue
coul
dth
enbe
expr
esse
don
a‘p
erar
ea’
basi
s.T
his
stud
yfo
und
the
tota
lan
nual
bene
fits
ofth
eco
ral
reef
sof
Uan
aum
aB
ayto
be$3
7.57
mill
ion
($2,
568/
rn2),
ofth
eco
ral
reef
sin
Kih
efto
be$2
8.09
mill
ion
($65
/rn
2)an
dth
eco
ral
reef
son
the
Kon
aco
astt
obe
$17.
68m
illio
n($
19fm
2).
Pila
aen
forc
emen
t(K
A-0
2-l0
(Pri
mar
yR
esto
ratio
nC
osO
Dam
age
toC
oral
reef
ecos
yste
ms
was
asse
ssed
for
rest
orat
ion
activ
ities
acco
rdin
gto
Flor
ida
guid
elin
es,
as$5
,830
,000
for
5,38
0m2
ofco
ral
reef
dam
age.
Thi
sca
lcul
atio
n
was
sim
ilar
toth
ees
tim
ated
cost
ofre
med
iatio
nef
fort
s$3
90,0
00to
clea
n5,
000
yd
3of
beac
hsa
nd.
How
ever
betw
een
30,0
00-5
0,00
0yd
3w
ases
timat
edto
beim
pact
ed,t
otal
ing
$2,3
00,0
00-S
3,90
0,00
0.W
hile
clea
ning
the
sedi
men
t fro
mth
ere
efw
ases
timat
edto
cost
appr
oxim
atel
y$8
45,0
00(f
orth
e13
acre
s,or
$65,
000
for
1C
m2).
Thi
sto
tale
dbe
twee
n$3
,100
,000
and
$4,7
00,0
00,
and
did
not
incl
ude
cora
lco
lony
re-e
stab
lishm
ent.
An
addi
tiona
l $63
0,00
0w
ases
timat
edfo
rth
e10
-yea
rm
onito
ring
peri
od,
(how
ever
stud
ies
byC
esar
etal
.200
3es
timat
eda
25ye
arpe
riod
for r
ecov
ery
ofec
olog
ical
impa
cts)
.
Thus
dam
age
toco
rals
may
beca
lcul
ated
asfo
llow
s:4
Num
ber
ofsq
uare
met
ers
ofco
rald
amag
edX
Mul
tiplie
dby
$1,0
00(o
res
timat
edva
lue
ofco
ral o
npe
r/ar
eaba
sis)
(#m
2x
$100
0)
Plus
the
estim
ated
netp
rese
ntva
lue
ofec
osys
tem
serv
ices
lost
until
reco
very
.(T
his
may
bem
ore
ifda
mag
eto
anar
easu
chas
Han
aum
aB
ayw
ithin
crea
sed
recr
eatio
nal e
cono
mic
reve
nue.
) +PIu
aco
stof
Rem
edia
tion
+Plu
sC
ost o
f cle
anin
gse
dim
ent
from
reef
+Plu
sC
osto
f cle
anin
gse
dim
ent/m
udfr
ombe
ach
sand
+PJu
aC
ost o
f cor
alre
esta
blis
hmen
t
+Plu
sC
ost
ofM
onito
ring
+Plu
sC
osto
f Man
agem
ent
Sand
Bea
ches
(ex
.O
f Prl
nasr
vR
esto
rati
onC
osts
Min
imum
pena
ltyco
stof
rest
orat
ion
and
pote
ntia
lne
gativ
eec
olog
ical
,so
cial
and
envi
ronm
enta
lim
pact
ssh
ould
bein
clud
edin
the
asse
ssm
ent
ofda
mag
ed,
degr
aded
orlo
stsa
ndy
beaà
hes.
As
one
ofH
awai
i’s
grea
test
natu
ral
reso
urce
sth
efo
llow
ing
shou
ldbe
incl
uded
inth
em
inim
umpe
nalty
asse
ssm
ent,
how
ever
,as
ecol
ogic
alva
luat
ion
and
rese
arch
cont
inue
, mor
eco
mpr
ehen
sive
estim
ates
may
bepr
oduc
ed.
InK
A-0
2-lO
Pila
a,$3
90,0
00fin
ew
ases
timat
edto
clea
n5,
000
yd
3of
beac
h.
+Cos
t ofl
ost r
even
uedu
eto
alte
red
Bea
chre
sour
ces
(com
pens
ator
y)+p
rim
ary
rest
orat
ion
cost
s
+Plu
sco
stof
clea
ning
ofse
dim
ent/m
udfr
ombe
ach
area
(ifn
eces
sary
)+P
lus
cost
ofbe
ach
nour
ishm
ent(
sand
repl
acem
ent)
+PIu
sco
stof
nativ
edu
neve
geta
tion
(In
som
eci
rcum
stan
ces
the
loss
ofbe
ach
reso
urce
sm
aybe
asse
ssed
inco
njun
ctio
nw
ithot
here
colo
gica
l im
pact
slis
ted
abov
e,su
chas
cora
lree
fsan
dse
agz
ass
beds
.)
Sea2
rasa
beds
(Com
nena
ztor
vD
aman
al
The
Flor
ida
DE
Pfi
nes
offe
nder
s$1
00/y
d2
ofda
mag
eto
seag
rass
beds
fbr
the
first
yd2
dam
aged
and
S75/
yd’p
erea
chad
ditio
nal y
&da
mag
ed.
$100
for
the
first
yard
dam
aged
+$75
per
each
addi
tiona
lyar
d
orne
t pre
sent
tota
l val
ueof
ecos
yste
mse
rvic
eslo
stun
tilre
cove
ry+v
cget
atio
npl
antin
g
+mon
itori
ng
AP
PE
ND
IXE
:P
EN
AL
TY
CA
LC
UL
AT
ION
WO
RK
SH
EE
T
Vio
lato
r’s
Nam
e(s)
:
TM
K:
fl(Y
’T
Par
t1-
Pen
alti
es
iola
tiofl
‘ena
ctla
rmto
ree
oren
alty
idju
stm
su1
ti.da
y(N
out
ypc
Pret
ixte
sour
ce/e
gcta
tion
ange
Mar
kM
j.ay
e)(D
.C.B
)ac
tual
&S
ttso
Bo
lc#1
4)vt
cntia
l)
Pena
ltyT
otaL
Pen
alty
Adj
ustm
ents
and
Des
crIp
tion
s(p
leas
eat
tach
addi
tion
alad
just
men
tsan
dde
scri
ptio
ns,I
nclu
ding
but
notl
imit
edto
thos
eli
sted
in§1
3-1-
70)
I.A
ctua
len
viro
nmen
tal
dam
age
exte
nt(o
nsite
)
Des
crip
tion:
2.A
ctua
len
viro
nmen
tald
amag
eex
tent
(off
lite
)
Des
crip
tion:
Oth
er.
Des
crip
tion:
Tot
alA
djus
tmen
t:up
/dow
n
Mul
ti-da
ype
nalti
es
Num
ber
ofda
ysto
mul
tiply
pena
lty:
Rea
soni
ng:
3.D
oes
the
viol
ator
’sha
vea
hist
oty
ofvi
olat
ions
?
4.W
asth
evi
olat
ion
repe
titio
usor
ofa
long
dura
tion?
5.W
asth
evi
olat
orR
espo
nsiv
ean
dex
hibi
ta
leve
lo
fco
oper
atio
no
fw
ithth
eD
epar
tmen
tand
/or S
Ia?
Doe
sth
eV
iola
tor
have
aFi
nanc
ial
Har
dshi
p?6. 7.
Did
the
viol
ator
rece
ive
Eco
nom
icor
com
mer
cial
gain
thro
ugh
non-
com
plia
nce?
Tot
alm
ulti
.day
:.