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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 PLANNING BOARD FOR THE CITY OF CAMBRIDGE GENERAL HEARING Tuesday, July 16, 2013 7:05 p.m. in Citywide Senior Center 806 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts Hugh Russell, Chair H. Theodore Cohen, Vice Chair William Tibbs, Member Pamela Winters, Member Steven Winter, Member Tom Sieniewicz, Member Steven Cohen, Member Catherine Preston Connolly, Member Ahmed Nur, Associate Member Brian Murphy, Assistant City Manager for Community Development Community Development Staff : Liza Paden Roger Boothe Stuart Dash REPORTERS, INC. CAPTURING THE OFFICIAL RECORD 617.786.7783/617.639.0396 www.reportersinc.com

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1

PLANNING BOARD FOR THE CITY OF CAMBRIDGE GENERAL HEARING

Tuesday July 16 2013

705 pm in

Citywide Senior Center 806 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts

Hugh Russell Chair H Theodore Cohen Vice Chair

William Tibbs Member Pamela Winters Member Steven Winter Member Tom Sieniewicz Member Steven Cohen Member

Catherine Preston Connolly Member Ahmed Nur Associate Member

Brian Murphy Assistant City Manager for Community Development

Community Development Staff Liza Paden Roger Boothe Stuart Dash

REPORTERS INC CAPTURING THE OFFICIAL RECORD 61778677836176390396

wwwreportersinccom

2

I N D E X GENERAL BUSINESS

Update Brian Murphy Assistant City manager for Community Development

Board of Zoning Appeal Cases

Adoption of Meeting Transcript (s)

PUBLIC HEARINGS PB282 533 Putnam Avenue Special Permit to convert an existing Non-Residential Space to Residential Use pursuant to Section 5282 -Conversion of Non-Residential Structures to Residential Use Section 6351 - Reduction of Required Parking and Section 5282 Dwelling units to permit a greater number of dwelling units than is permissible as determined by the minimum Lot Area per Unit No new gross floor area will be constructed Lianne Bensley applicant

Charles Teague et al to amend the Zoning Ordinance of the City of Cambridge in the following ways Create new definitions for Lamp Luminaire Direct Light and Indirect Light amend portions of Sections 641 and 646 in Design and Maintenance of Off-Street Parking Facilities to replace terms glare reflection and lights with other terms as defined in the petition amend Paragraph 715(B) in General Limitations for All Signs

(Continued on the Following Page) I N D E X (Continued)

3

Permitted in the City of Cambridge to remove the term indirect from the text create a new Section 722 Lighting Restrictions for the City of Cambridge and modify the title of Section 720 Illumination to read Section 723 Lighting Restrictions for Residential Districts and remove the term indirect from the text

KeyWord Index

4

P R O C E E D I N G S

(Sitting Members Hugh Russell H Theodore

Cohen Pamela Winters Steven Winter Tom

Sieniewicz Steven Cohen Catherine Preston

Connolly)

HUGH RUSSELL Good evening This

is the meeting of the Cambridge Planning

Board So the first item on our agenda is an

update and we have before us a great new list

of work were going to be doing in the next

couple of months And so is there any other

news to relate from the -- does the Council

have their midsummer meeting soon

LIZA PADEN So the City Council

will be meeting on July 29th and they will

have the various discussions and everything

else that theyre going to jam pack into that

one meeting

HUGH RUSSELL Okay If there are

5

no questions then well go to the next item

on our agenda which is the Board of Zoning

Appeal cases

LIZA PADEN These are the Board of

Zoning Appeal cases to be heard on July 25th

The case at the bottom is the 288 Norfolk

Street And that case is going to come back

to you in August with a revision to their

plans This was the one that you looked at

last week and had some constructive

criticism

Are there any other cases that the

Board would like to look at

PAMELA WINTERS Liza I have a

question I just -- the 38 Sacramento

Street I have to put my glasses on I

think its a good idea for -- is that retail

space now empty

LIZA PADEN Yes So its been a

6

retail space over time on that location So

even though its in the C-1 it has a retail

facade in that ground floor that corner

retail space

PAMELA WINTERS Well Im always

you know up for having retail spaces

particularly in that neighborhood So my

feeling is that I would like to see that

filled if it is a retail shop

LIZA PADEN Yes

PAMELA WINTERS I dont know if my

colleagues agree with me but I would like to

encourage that

HUGH RUSSELL Youre probably

living closer to that spot than any of us

PAMELA WINTERS Yes What was it

before Liza do you remember

LIZA PADEN Its been a variety of

things

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

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that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

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changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

97

generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

98

And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

100

signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

101

which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

102

have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

103

have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

105

I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

106

the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

107

that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

108

CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

109

supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

110

CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

112

know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

113

fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

114

attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

115

be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

116

cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

118

occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

120

this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

121

Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

123

petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

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making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

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changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

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enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

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these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

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PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

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lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

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197

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applicant [1] - 212 application [4] - 185 4914 4918 5710

applied [2] - 9119 16510

applies [6] - 544 7212 1296 16416 1669 1782

apply [21] - 5411 5414 5518 5610 588 5913 624 627 632 635 637 702 7411 945 9613 1633 1784 1817 18110 18112 1849

APPLY [1] - 19718 applying [1] - 16613 appreciate [1] - 1592 approach [7] - 2415 7919 802 8315 1236 1559

appropriate [7] -6515 15416 15418 15513 1573 16812 16815

appropriately [2] -4118 1525

appropriating [1] -15717

approval [2] - 406 4715

april [1] - 19716 arbor [2] - 879 8711 architect [2] - 1116 1836

architectlawyer [2] -1832 1834

architects [1] -10811

architectural [2] -516 1032

Area [1] - 211 area [9] - 211 1818 1912 2812 291 345 438 914 1129

areas [5] - 412 876 1298 1505 1763

argument [1] - 12610 arm [1] - 1126 arrangement [2] - 92 4410

arrive [1] - 16818 arrived [1] - 117 Article [5] - 557 642 6510 947 975

article [3] - 88 913 975

articulated [2] - 775

7917 ashes [1] - 14513 Ashland [1] - 1095 aside [2] - 17015 19117

aspect [1] - 336 aspects [1] - 971 assigned [2] - 227 229

assist [1] - 1113 Assistant [2] - 113 23

Associate [1] - 111 associated [1] -12112

assume [1] - 444 assuming [1] - 4719 assumption [2] -14111 1435

assure [2] - 3912 1408

astutely [1] - 1108 ATTACH [1] - 1961 attach [1] - 453 attempt [2] - 1141 19213

attempts [1] - 1225 attend [1] - 121 attention [5] - 2715 1319 1412 1432 1902

attorneys [1] - 10810 Auburn [1] - 1127 AUDIENCE [2] -1613 673

audience [1] - 1112 August [2] - 58 716 available [3] - 3315 4518 1242

Ave [1] - 14713 avenue [1] - 1007 Avenue [10] - 15 27 119 1119 123 124 126 1216 1403 1404

avenues [1] - 6411 avoid [3] - 11210 12313 17519

aware [2] - 4414 6813

awful [1] - 681

8618 bad [5] - 393 11312 1147 1174 1568

ball [1] - 1477 Band [1] - 1088 Band-Aid [1] - 1088 bar [1] - 904 based [11] - 1116 506 5514 6016 6317 6718 12317 1264 1306 1629 17017

basement [1] - 93 basic [2] - 1202 1655

basis [2] - 996 1305 bat [1] - 538 bays [2] - 1212 148 Beady [1] - 11911 bear [1] - 9417 beautifully [1] - 1024 become [1] - 8112 becomes [1] - 813 bedrooms [1] - 243 begin [2] - 5111 12810

beginning [3] - 7717 17316 17810

begins [1] - 17813 begun [1] - 5412 behalf [1] - 122 behind [4] - 1219 2517 523 8618

benefit [1] - 3511 Bensley [4] - 212 1118 134 353

BENSLEY [2] - 3416 353

Bensleys [1] - 3515 Berkeley [2] - 1319 13316

best [7] - 386 1241 1478 15017 15111 1641 19710

better [11] - 1111 306 675 771 819 8315 9712 15913 16313 1758 1879

between [13] - 124 258 382 4314 6212 665 996 998 16310 1695 1704 19114

Beuzekom [3] -11515 1702 1915

BEUZEKOM [5] -1706 1713 1917

B

B-1 [1] - 1402 BA-1 [1] - 1448 background [1] -7419

backlog [1] - 1329 backyard [2] - 366

2

3 19111 19312 bottom [3] - 56 15915 724 7217 749 cemented [1] - 774

beyond [2] - 724 2218 17817 buildings [11] - 2217 8117 842 874 Center [1] - 15 14819 boundary [1] - 278 286 5518 5519 1026 11912 certain [8] - 5513

bicycle [2] - 155 boy [2] - 8911 839 9716 10211 candles [4] - 6118 976 9919 16416 156 15615 12918 1743 852 8518 1569 16515 17716

bidding [1] - 1711 break [2] - 283 4710 17416 1797 cannot [2] - 4018 17717 1846 big [1] - 10518 break-in [1] - 283 Buildings [1] - 14813 18614 certainly [12] - 2718 Bill [1] - 3310 BRIAN [1] - 5015 built [4] - 128 1213 cans [3] - 302 2719 3017 4416 bill [1] - 1145 Brian [3] - 113 23 1410 1289 14512 1473 471 5218 6618

bit [9] - 549 5712 1606 bulb [14] - 843 849 cantilever [1] - 221 12518 13918

5714 6711 8611 bricks [1] - 172 8419 11312 cantilevered [1] - 1507 1613 1668

9117 9418 1434 16318

briefly [2] - 5210 1083

11313 1145 1161 1162

3114 capacity [1] - 14319

certificate [1] -11719

black [2] - 2316 8619

bright [2] - 666 7615

11718 13013 13014 13213

CAPTURING [1] -118

Certificate [1] - 1185 CERTIFICATION [1] -

blend [1] - 10212 blinding [1] - 1027 block [3] - 4814 8715 8716

blogosphere [2] -1718 19119

brighter [1] - 664 brightest [1] - 666 brightness [1] - 8414 bring [16] - 1112 2619 722 921 934 953 969

17419 bulbs [1] - 873 bunch [2] - 11410 11912

bundled [2] - 1035 1036

care [2] - 421 1423 careful [3] - 762 1531 1898

carefully [3] - 7619 775 7915

carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

2

I N D E X GENERAL BUSINESS

Update Brian Murphy Assistant City manager for Community Development

Board of Zoning Appeal Cases

Adoption of Meeting Transcript (s)

PUBLIC HEARINGS PB282 533 Putnam Avenue Special Permit to convert an existing Non-Residential Space to Residential Use pursuant to Section 5282 -Conversion of Non-Residential Structures to Residential Use Section 6351 - Reduction of Required Parking and Section 5282 Dwelling units to permit a greater number of dwelling units than is permissible as determined by the minimum Lot Area per Unit No new gross floor area will be constructed Lianne Bensley applicant

Charles Teague et al to amend the Zoning Ordinance of the City of Cambridge in the following ways Create new definitions for Lamp Luminaire Direct Light and Indirect Light amend portions of Sections 641 and 646 in Design and Maintenance of Off-Street Parking Facilities to replace terms glare reflection and lights with other terms as defined in the petition amend Paragraph 715(B) in General Limitations for All Signs

(Continued on the Following Page) I N D E X (Continued)

3

Permitted in the City of Cambridge to remove the term indirect from the text create a new Section 722 Lighting Restrictions for the City of Cambridge and modify the title of Section 720 Illumination to read Section 723 Lighting Restrictions for Residential Districts and remove the term indirect from the text

KeyWord Index

4

P R O C E E D I N G S

(Sitting Members Hugh Russell H Theodore

Cohen Pamela Winters Steven Winter Tom

Sieniewicz Steven Cohen Catherine Preston

Connolly)

HUGH RUSSELL Good evening This

is the meeting of the Cambridge Planning

Board So the first item on our agenda is an

update and we have before us a great new list

of work were going to be doing in the next

couple of months And so is there any other

news to relate from the -- does the Council

have their midsummer meeting soon

LIZA PADEN So the City Council

will be meeting on July 29th and they will

have the various discussions and everything

else that theyre going to jam pack into that

one meeting

HUGH RUSSELL Okay If there are

5

no questions then well go to the next item

on our agenda which is the Board of Zoning

Appeal cases

LIZA PADEN These are the Board of

Zoning Appeal cases to be heard on July 25th

The case at the bottom is the 288 Norfolk

Street And that case is going to come back

to you in August with a revision to their

plans This was the one that you looked at

last week and had some constructive

criticism

Are there any other cases that the

Board would like to look at

PAMELA WINTERS Liza I have a

question I just -- the 38 Sacramento

Street I have to put my glasses on I

think its a good idea for -- is that retail

space now empty

LIZA PADEN Yes So its been a

6

retail space over time on that location So

even though its in the C-1 it has a retail

facade in that ground floor that corner

retail space

PAMELA WINTERS Well Im always

you know up for having retail spaces

particularly in that neighborhood So my

feeling is that I would like to see that

filled if it is a retail shop

LIZA PADEN Yes

PAMELA WINTERS I dont know if my

colleagues agree with me but I would like to

encourage that

HUGH RUSSELL Youre probably

living closer to that spot than any of us

PAMELA WINTERS Yes What was it

before Liza do you remember

LIZA PADEN Its been a variety of

things

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

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that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

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changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

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understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

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a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

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lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

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require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

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generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

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And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

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Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

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signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

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which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

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have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

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have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

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I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

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the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

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that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

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CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

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supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

110

CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

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know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

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fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

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attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

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be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

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cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

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occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

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this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

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Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

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petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

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______________________

197

C E R T I F I C A T E

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS BRISTOL SS

I Catherine Lawson Zelinski a Certified Shorthand Reporter the undersigned Notary Public certify that

I am not related to any of the parties in this matter by blood or marriage and that I am in no way interested in the outcome of this matter

I further certify that the testimony hereinbefore set forth is a true and accurate transcription of my stenographic notes to the best of my knowledge skill and ability

IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of September 2013

Catherine L Zelinski Notary Public Certified Shorthand Reporter License No 147703

My Commission Expires April 23 2015

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION OF THIS TRANSCRIPT DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY REPRODUCTION OF THE SAME BY ANY MEANS UNLESS UNDER THE DIRECT CONTROL ANDOR DIRECTION OF THE CERTIFYING REPORTER

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B

B-1 [1] - 1402 BA-1 [1] - 1448 background [1] -7419

backlog [1] - 1329 backyard [2] - 366

2

3 19111 19312 bottom [3] - 56 15915 724 7217 749 cemented [1] - 774

beyond [2] - 724 2218 17817 buildings [11] - 2217 8117 842 874 Center [1] - 15 14819 boundary [1] - 278 286 5518 5519 1026 11912 certain [8] - 5513

bicycle [2] - 155 boy [2] - 8911 839 9716 10211 candles [4] - 6118 976 9919 16416 156 15615 12918 1743 852 8518 1569 16515 17716

bidding [1] - 1711 break [2] - 283 4710 17416 1797 cannot [2] - 4018 17717 1846 big [1] - 10518 break-in [1] - 283 Buildings [1] - 14813 18614 certainly [12] - 2718 Bill [1] - 3310 BRIAN [1] - 5015 built [4] - 128 1213 cans [3] - 302 2719 3017 4416 bill [1] - 1145 Brian [3] - 113 23 1410 1289 14512 1473 471 5218 6618

bit [9] - 549 5712 1606 bulb [14] - 843 849 cantilever [1] - 221 12518 13918

5714 6711 8611 bricks [1] - 172 8419 11312 cantilevered [1] - 1507 1613 1668

9117 9418 1434 16318

briefly [2] - 5210 1083

11313 1145 1161 1162

3114 capacity [1] - 14319

certificate [1] -11719

black [2] - 2316 8619

bright [2] - 666 7615

11718 13013 13014 13213

CAPTURING [1] -118

Certificate [1] - 1185 CERTIFICATION [1] -

blend [1] - 10212 blinding [1] - 1027 block [3] - 4814 8715 8716

blogosphere [2] -1718 19119

brighter [1] - 664 brightest [1] - 666 brightness [1] - 8414 bring [16] - 1112 2619 722 921 934 953 969

17419 bulbs [1] - 873 bunch [2] - 11410 11912

bundled [2] - 1035 1036

care [2] - 421 1423 careful [3] - 762 1531 1898

carefully [3] - 7619 775 7915

carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

3

Permitted in the City of Cambridge to remove the term indirect from the text create a new Section 722 Lighting Restrictions for the City of Cambridge and modify the title of Section 720 Illumination to read Section 723 Lighting Restrictions for Residential Districts and remove the term indirect from the text

KeyWord Index

4

P R O C E E D I N G S

(Sitting Members Hugh Russell H Theodore

Cohen Pamela Winters Steven Winter Tom

Sieniewicz Steven Cohen Catherine Preston

Connolly)

HUGH RUSSELL Good evening This

is the meeting of the Cambridge Planning

Board So the first item on our agenda is an

update and we have before us a great new list

of work were going to be doing in the next

couple of months And so is there any other

news to relate from the -- does the Council

have their midsummer meeting soon

LIZA PADEN So the City Council

will be meeting on July 29th and they will

have the various discussions and everything

else that theyre going to jam pack into that

one meeting

HUGH RUSSELL Okay If there are

5

no questions then well go to the next item

on our agenda which is the Board of Zoning

Appeal cases

LIZA PADEN These are the Board of

Zoning Appeal cases to be heard on July 25th

The case at the bottom is the 288 Norfolk

Street And that case is going to come back

to you in August with a revision to their

plans This was the one that you looked at

last week and had some constructive

criticism

Are there any other cases that the

Board would like to look at

PAMELA WINTERS Liza I have a

question I just -- the 38 Sacramento

Street I have to put my glasses on I

think its a good idea for -- is that retail

space now empty

LIZA PADEN Yes So its been a

6

retail space over time on that location So

even though its in the C-1 it has a retail

facade in that ground floor that corner

retail space

PAMELA WINTERS Well Im always

you know up for having retail spaces

particularly in that neighborhood So my

feeling is that I would like to see that

filled if it is a retail shop

LIZA PADEN Yes

PAMELA WINTERS I dont know if my

colleagues agree with me but I would like to

encourage that

HUGH RUSSELL Youre probably

living closer to that spot than any of us

PAMELA WINTERS Yes What was it

before Liza do you remember

LIZA PADEN Its been a variety of

things

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

91

that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

92

changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

97

generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

98

And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

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signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

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which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

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have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

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have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

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I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

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the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

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that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

108

CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

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supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

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CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

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know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

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fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

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attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

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be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

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cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

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occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

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this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

121

Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

123

petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

ERRATA SHEET AND SIGNATURE INSTRUCTIONS

The original of the Errata Sheet has

been delivered to Community Development

Department

When the Errata Sheet has been

completed and signed a copy thereof should

be delivered to each party of record and the

ORIGINAL delivered to Community Development

Department to whom the original transcript

was delivered

INSTRUCTIONS

After reading this volume of Planning Board indicate any corrections or changes to testimony and the reasons therefor on the Errata Sheet supplied to you and sign it DO NOT make marks or notations on the transcript volume itself

REPLACE THIS PAGE OF THE TRANSCRIPT WITH THE

COMPLETED AND SIGNED ERRATA SHEET WHEN

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196

ATTACH TO PLANNING BOARD DATE 71613 REP CAZ

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INSTRUCTIONS After reading the transcript of Planning Board note any change or correction to testimony and the reason therefor on this sheet DO NOT make any marks or notations on the transcript volume itself Sign and date this errata sheet (before a Notary Public if required) Refer to Page 194 of the transcript for Errata Sheet distribution instructions

PAGE LINE _______ ________ CHANGE _______________

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I have read the foregoing transcript of Planning Board and except for any corrections or changes noted above I hereby subscribe to the transcript as an accurate record of the statements made

______________________

197

C E R T I F I C A T E

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS BRISTOL SS

I Catherine Lawson Zelinski a Certified Shorthand Reporter the undersigned Notary Public certify that

I am not related to any of the parties in this matter by blood or marriage and that I am in no way interested in the outcome of this matter

I further certify that the testimony hereinbefore set forth is a true and accurate transcription of my stenographic notes to the best of my knowledge skill and ability

IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of September 2013

Catherine L Zelinski Notary Public Certified Shorthand Reporter License No 147703

My Commission Expires April 23 2015

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION OF THIS TRANSCRIPT DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY REPRODUCTION OF THE SAME BY ANY MEANS UNLESS UNDER THE DIRECT CONTROL ANDOR DIRECTION OF THE CERTIFYING REPORTER

$

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8

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6 A

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1

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B

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2

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6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

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565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

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Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

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budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

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Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

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C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

4

P R O C E E D I N G S

(Sitting Members Hugh Russell H Theodore

Cohen Pamela Winters Steven Winter Tom

Sieniewicz Steven Cohen Catherine Preston

Connolly)

HUGH RUSSELL Good evening This

is the meeting of the Cambridge Planning

Board So the first item on our agenda is an

update and we have before us a great new list

of work were going to be doing in the next

couple of months And so is there any other

news to relate from the -- does the Council

have their midsummer meeting soon

LIZA PADEN So the City Council

will be meeting on July 29th and they will

have the various discussions and everything

else that theyre going to jam pack into that

one meeting

HUGH RUSSELL Okay If there are

5

no questions then well go to the next item

on our agenda which is the Board of Zoning

Appeal cases

LIZA PADEN These are the Board of

Zoning Appeal cases to be heard on July 25th

The case at the bottom is the 288 Norfolk

Street And that case is going to come back

to you in August with a revision to their

plans This was the one that you looked at

last week and had some constructive

criticism

Are there any other cases that the

Board would like to look at

PAMELA WINTERS Liza I have a

question I just -- the 38 Sacramento

Street I have to put my glasses on I

think its a good idea for -- is that retail

space now empty

LIZA PADEN Yes So its been a

6

retail space over time on that location So

even though its in the C-1 it has a retail

facade in that ground floor that corner

retail space

PAMELA WINTERS Well Im always

you know up for having retail spaces

particularly in that neighborhood So my

feeling is that I would like to see that

filled if it is a retail shop

LIZA PADEN Yes

PAMELA WINTERS I dont know if my

colleagues agree with me but I would like to

encourage that

HUGH RUSSELL Youre probably

living closer to that spot than any of us

PAMELA WINTERS Yes What was it

before Liza do you remember

LIZA PADEN Its been a variety of

things

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

91

that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

92

changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

97

generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

98

And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

100

signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

101

which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

102

have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

103

have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

105

I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

106

the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

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that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

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CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

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supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

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CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

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know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

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fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

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attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

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be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

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cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

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occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

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this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

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Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

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petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

ERRATA SHEET AND SIGNATURE INSTRUCTIONS

The original of the Errata Sheet has

been delivered to Community Development

Department

When the Errata Sheet has been

completed and signed a copy thereof should

be delivered to each party of record and the

ORIGINAL delivered to Community Development

Department to whom the original transcript

was delivered

INSTRUCTIONS

After reading this volume of Planning Board indicate any corrections or changes to testimony and the reasons therefor on the Errata Sheet supplied to you and sign it DO NOT make marks or notations on the transcript volume itself

REPLACE THIS PAGE OF THE TRANSCRIPT WITH THE

COMPLETED AND SIGNED ERRATA SHEET WHEN

RECEIVED

196

ATTACH TO PLANNING BOARD DATE 71613 REP CAZ

ERRATA SHEET

INSTRUCTIONS After reading the transcript of Planning Board note any change or correction to testimony and the reason therefor on this sheet DO NOT make any marks or notations on the transcript volume itself Sign and date this errata sheet (before a Notary Public if required) Refer to Page 194 of the transcript for Errata Sheet distribution instructions

PAGE LINE _______ ________ CHANGE _______________

REASON _______________ _______ ________ CHANGE _______________

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I have read the foregoing transcript of Planning Board and except for any corrections or changes noted above I hereby subscribe to the transcript as an accurate record of the statements made

______________________

197

C E R T I F I C A T E

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS BRISTOL SS

I Catherine Lawson Zelinski a Certified Shorthand Reporter the undersigned Notary Public certify that

I am not related to any of the parties in this matter by blood or marriage and that I am in no way interested in the outcome of this matter

I further certify that the testimony hereinbefore set forth is a true and accurate transcription of my stenographic notes to the best of my knowledge skill and ability

IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of September 2013

Catherine L Zelinski Notary Public Certified Shorthand Reporter License No 147703

My Commission Expires April 23 2015

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION OF THIS TRANSCRIPT DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY REPRODUCTION OF THE SAME BY ANY MEANS UNLESS UNDER THE DIRECT CONTROL ANDOR DIRECTION OF THE CERTIFYING REPORTER

$

$100 [1] - 11817 $50 [1] - 11817

20 [2] - 1209 15814 2004 [1] - 137 2008 [1] - 1132 2012 [1] - 12813 2013 [4] - 13 912 1133 19711

2015 [1] - 19716 23 [2] - 1086 19716 25th [1] - 55 282 [1] - 119 285 [1] - 133 288 [1] - 56 29 [2] - 2319 251 29th [1] - 415

3

3 [3] - 5917 608 1352

30 [2] - 11814 11815

6390396 [1] - 118 651 [2] - 13914 1401

6th [1] - 716

7

7 [1] - 6510 715(B [1] - 218 720 [5] - 33 1356 1632 1905 19217

722 [8] - 32 721 728 7211 7311 748 10710 17818

722A [1] - 1199 723 [26] - 34 6218 7117 728 7216 7311 7410 8611 1066 1077

18613 1906 19010

absolutely [1] -12011

abut [1] - 1402 abuts [1] - 1651 abutter [4] - 95 4011 435 5011

abutters [8] - 7510 777 778 10318 10319

abutting [9] - 1215 1218 232 744 17616 1791 1792 17915

acceptable [2] - 405 898

access [7] - 1015 268 3317 365 3816 488 5013

accessing [1] - 413 accessory [4] - 1311

1876 added [7] - 1213 5814 725 1079 12811 12812 12813

adding [6] - 143 9419 952 958 13213 17718

addition [4] - 143 155 7118 9419

additional [4] - 729 7210 15717 17718

additions [1] - 5710 address [18] - 91 2313 4417 451 535 538 7810 1506 1507 1514 1516 1517 15414 15415 15513 1635 1699 1766

62 [1] - 1379

0

005 [1] - 6210 01 [2] - 6210 6619 02 [2] - 629 6618 035 [1] - 629 05 [3] - 6118 628 749

1 300 [3] - 1912 7510 10714 1293 1316 1515 1815 addressed [5] - 543

1 [1] - 572 1794 13416 1353 accommodate [1] - 861 1504 16913

10 [2] - 2612 1209 300-foot [1] - 778 1665 1681 9410 17612

1021 [1] - 11816 100-watt [1] - 13014 1030 [1] - 1403 1030 [1] - 19319 1100 [1] - 198 12-foot [1] - 146 13 [1] - 1694 147703 [1] - 19715 15 [2] - 1048 1319 15th [1] - 19711 16 [1] - 13

320 [1] - 1912 38 [1] - 515

4

4 [1] - 6316 40-A [2] - 696 7910 400-watt [1] - 13013 40A [2] - 548 1004 40A6 [1] - 9118

17514 1768 1772 17916 17919 1804 18119 18217 18411

7230 [1] - 17816 7242 [4] - 6415 754 768 832

71613 [1] - 1961 705 [1] - 14 720 [3] - 111 117

accompanies [1] -1929

accomplish [4] -1821 1836 18613 18614

accomplished [1] -1697

accomplishes [1] -1821

accordance [1] -15212

addresses [1] - 1572 adds [3] - 5510 15913

adequate [1] - 1846 adequately [1] -14216

adhere [1] - 697 adjacent [6] - 1717 708 781 783 12918 1389

adjoining [1] - 16418

186 [1] - 233 1800 [1] - 192 1855 [1] - 1045

5 118

8

according [1] - 1412 accurate [2] - 19617 1979

adjourned [2] - 1913 19318

Adjourned [1] - 1941

1869 [1] - 129 5000 [1] - 126 achieve [1] - 672 adjust [1] - 1161

1920 [1] - 13714 528 [1] - 194 8 [6] - 2316 2318 acknowledging [1] - adjustments [1] -

1922 [1] - 1214 5282 [2] - 28 29 557 947 975 15413 1054

1924 [2] - 1377 5822 [1] - 201 806 [1] - 15 Acorn [5] - 124 adjusts [1] - 668

13718 50 [1] - 1895 84 [1] - 14712 1218 131 2316 admit [1] - 6818

194 [1] - 1967 50-watt [1] - 873 850 [1] - 8411 2318 adopt [2] - 7112

1940 [1] - 1289 50-year-old [1] - act [4] - 4912 17013

1943 [1] - 13719 1960 [1] - 12811

13715 533 [4] - 27 119

9 14317 16214 19012

adopted [2] - 5414 1555

1962 [5] - 1279 1118 123 Act [1] - 719 adoption [1] - 1691

12714 1378 539 [1] - 1215 9 [1] - 642 acted [1] - 17317 Adoption [1] - 25

13719 1385 900 [1] - 8411 action [3] - 1013 advance [1] - 1752

1970 [2] - 12812 1381

6 A

5912 12312 active [1] - 808

advanced [1] - 17011 advertise [1] - 1681

1996 [1] - 135 activity [1] - 105 advertised [4] - 564 6 [5] - 2315 2318 548 573 658

6351 [1] - 29 641 [2] - 215 7713 646 [1] - 216 60-watt [1] - 849 6177867783617

abandon [1] - 5915 ability [3] - 783 14114 19710

able [13] - 268 4910 594 6410 7517 9217 13818 1583 1729 1836

acts [2] - 1143 1146 actual [5] - 1911 3616 1174 1603 1684

add [8] - 141 459 6112 638 656 1337 15818

8817 1667 1829 advertisement [1] -5319

advice [2] - 12410 1498

advise [1] - 1612 advised [1] - 466

2

2 [3] - 585 12615 12616

2-point [1] - 831

1

advising [1] - 18718 affect [3] - 977 1433 1848

affecting [2] - 1334 16117

affects [1] - 16511 afraid [2] - 1117 14014

agenda [4] - 48 52 5111 18815

aggrieved [5] - 6418 759 7710 787 10313

aging [1] - 11714 ago [3] - 682 10916 13616

agree [17] - 612 4110 456 8013 8015 8216 1254 1539 15312 1551 1559 15510 1576 1587 17912 18311 1863

agreed [1] - 7218 ahead [5] - 583 8012 8911 8916 1546

AHMED [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

ahmed [2] - 10110 15215

Ahmed [5] - 111 1917 4711 9017 1874

Aid [1] - 1088 aint [1] - 1568 air [5] - 309 316 417 425 453

al [1] - 213 alley [1] - 488 allow [9] - 1415 2513 3614 603 6615 9212 9711 1041 1386

allowed [10] - 1419 3613 504 506 6614 708 972 12919 1791 17910

allowing [1] - 356 allows [1] - 5511 almost [7] - 253 287 336 1059 10510 15814 1873

alter [1] - 8210 alteration [5] - 5418

9213 942 948 949

alterations [3] -5519 5612 925

altered [1] - 12510 altering [1] - 829 alters [1] - 17112 altogether [1] - 1295 ambiguity [2] - 7314 7415

ambiguous [1] -18411

ameliorates [1] - 768 amenable [1] - 4310 Amend [1] - 17813 amend [5] - 213 215 217 6310 1665

amended [4] - 17716 17717 18112 18114

amendment [5] -819 639 1262 1672 18011

Amesbury [1] - 1117 amount [5] - 153 4513 502 707 10812

amplified [1] - 287 analog [1] - 7112 analysis [1] - 917 AND [2] - 1951 19517

ANDOR [1] - 19719 Ann [1] - 2317 annoying [1] - 682 answer [7] - 6517 10112 11917 13512 1384 17013 1764

answers [1] - 6910 ANY [2] - 19718 19718

anyway [2] - 8719 8911

anyways [2] - 11210 11610

apartment [3] - 1412 10315 1289

Appeal [3] - 24 53 55

appeal [2] - 11414 11814

applicability [1] - 585 applicable [7] - 7114 15614 17515 1768 17919 1805 18416

applicant [1] - 212 application [4] - 185 4914 4918 5710

applied [2] - 9119 16510

applies [6] - 544 7212 1296 16416 1669 1782

apply [21] - 5411 5414 5518 5610 588 5913 624 627 632 635 637 702 7411 945 9613 1633 1784 1817 18110 18112 1849

APPLY [1] - 19718 applying [1] - 16613 appreciate [1] - 1592 approach [7] - 2415 7919 802 8315 1236 1559

appropriate [7] -6515 15416 15418 15513 1573 16812 16815

appropriately [2] -4118 1525

appropriating [1] -15717

approval [2] - 406 4715

april [1] - 19716 arbor [2] - 879 8711 architect [2] - 1116 1836

architectlawyer [2] -1832 1834

architects [1] -10811

architectural [2] -516 1032

Area [1] - 211 area [9] - 211 1818 1912 2812 291 345 438 914 1129

areas [5] - 412 876 1298 1505 1763

argument [1] - 12610 arm [1] - 1126 arrangement [2] - 92 4410

arrive [1] - 16818 arrived [1] - 117 Article [5] - 557 642 6510 947 975

article [3] - 88 913 975

articulated [2] - 775

7917 ashes [1] - 14513 Ashland [1] - 1095 aside [2] - 17015 19117

aspect [1] - 336 aspects [1] - 971 assigned [2] - 227 229

assist [1] - 1113 Assistant [2] - 113 23

Associate [1] - 111 associated [1] -12112

assume [1] - 444 assuming [1] - 4719 assumption [2] -14111 1435

assure [2] - 3912 1408

astutely [1] - 1108 ATTACH [1] - 1961 attach [1] - 453 attempt [2] - 1141 19213

attempts [1] - 1225 attend [1] - 121 attention [5] - 2715 1319 1412 1432 1902

attorneys [1] - 10810 Auburn [1] - 1127 AUDIENCE [2] -1613 673

audience [1] - 1112 August [2] - 58 716 available [3] - 3315 4518 1242

Ave [1] - 14713 avenue [1] - 1007 Avenue [10] - 15 27 119 1119 123 124 126 1216 1403 1404

avenues [1] - 6411 avoid [3] - 11210 12313 17519

aware [2] - 4414 6813

awful [1] - 681

8618 bad [5] - 393 11312 1147 1174 1568

ball [1] - 1477 Band [1] - 1088 Band-Aid [1] - 1088 bar [1] - 904 based [11] - 1116 506 5514 6016 6317 6718 12317 1264 1306 1629 17017

basement [1] - 93 basic [2] - 1202 1655

basis [2] - 996 1305 bat [1] - 538 bays [2] - 1212 148 Beady [1] - 11911 bear [1] - 9417 beautifully [1] - 1024 become [1] - 8112 becomes [1] - 813 bedrooms [1] - 243 begin [2] - 5111 12810

beginning [3] - 7717 17316 17810

begins [1] - 17813 begun [1] - 5412 behalf [1] - 122 behind [4] - 1219 2517 523 8618

benefit [1] - 3511 Bensley [4] - 212 1118 134 353

BENSLEY [2] - 3416 353

Bensleys [1] - 3515 Berkeley [2] - 1319 13316

best [7] - 386 1241 1478 15017 15111 1641 19710

better [11] - 1111 306 675 771 819 8315 9712 15913 16313 1758 1879

between [13] - 124 258 382 4314 6212 665 996 998 16310 1695 1704 19114

Beuzekom [3] -11515 1702 1915

BEUZEKOM [5] -1706 1713 1917

B

B-1 [1] - 1402 BA-1 [1] - 1448 background [1] -7419

backlog [1] - 1329 backyard [2] - 366

2

3 19111 19312 bottom [3] - 56 15915 724 7217 749 cemented [1] - 774

beyond [2] - 724 2218 17817 buildings [11] - 2217 8117 842 874 Center [1] - 15 14819 boundary [1] - 278 286 5518 5519 1026 11912 certain [8] - 5513

bicycle [2] - 155 boy [2] - 8911 839 9716 10211 candles [4] - 6118 976 9919 16416 156 15615 12918 1743 852 8518 1569 16515 17716

bidding [1] - 1711 break [2] - 283 4710 17416 1797 cannot [2] - 4018 17717 1846 big [1] - 10518 break-in [1] - 283 Buildings [1] - 14813 18614 certainly [12] - 2718 Bill [1] - 3310 BRIAN [1] - 5015 built [4] - 128 1213 cans [3] - 302 2719 3017 4416 bill [1] - 1145 Brian [3] - 113 23 1410 1289 14512 1473 471 5218 6618

bit [9] - 549 5712 1606 bulb [14] - 843 849 cantilever [1] - 221 12518 13918

5714 6711 8611 bricks [1] - 172 8419 11312 cantilevered [1] - 1507 1613 1668

9117 9418 1434 16318

briefly [2] - 5210 1083

11313 1145 1161 1162

3114 capacity [1] - 14319

certificate [1] -11719

black [2] - 2316 8619

bright [2] - 666 7615

11718 13013 13014 13213

CAPTURING [1] -118

Certificate [1] - 1185 CERTIFICATION [1] -

blend [1] - 10212 blinding [1] - 1027 block [3] - 4814 8715 8716

blogosphere [2] -1718 19119

brighter [1] - 664 brightest [1] - 666 brightness [1] - 8414 bring [16] - 1112 2619 722 921 934 953 969

17419 bulbs [1] - 873 bunch [2] - 11410 11912

bundled [2] - 1035 1036

care [2] - 421 1423 careful [3] - 762 1531 1898

carefully [3] - 7619 775 7915

carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

5

no questions then well go to the next item

on our agenda which is the Board of Zoning

Appeal cases

LIZA PADEN These are the Board of

Zoning Appeal cases to be heard on July 25th

The case at the bottom is the 288 Norfolk

Street And that case is going to come back

to you in August with a revision to their

plans This was the one that you looked at

last week and had some constructive

criticism

Are there any other cases that the

Board would like to look at

PAMELA WINTERS Liza I have a

question I just -- the 38 Sacramento

Street I have to put my glasses on I

think its a good idea for -- is that retail

space now empty

LIZA PADEN Yes So its been a

6

retail space over time on that location So

even though its in the C-1 it has a retail

facade in that ground floor that corner

retail space

PAMELA WINTERS Well Im always

you know up for having retail spaces

particularly in that neighborhood So my

feeling is that I would like to see that

filled if it is a retail shop

LIZA PADEN Yes

PAMELA WINTERS I dont know if my

colleagues agree with me but I would like to

encourage that

HUGH RUSSELL Youre probably

living closer to that spot than any of us

PAMELA WINTERS Yes What was it

before Liza do you remember

LIZA PADEN Its been a variety of

things

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

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we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

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really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

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described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

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that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

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as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

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Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

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that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

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changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

97

generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

98

And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

100

signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

101

which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

102

have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

103

have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

105

I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

106

the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

107

that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

108

CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

109

supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

110

CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

112

know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

113

fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

114

attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

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be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

116

cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

118

occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

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this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

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Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

123

petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

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$100 [1] - 11817 $50 [1] - 11817

20 [2] - 1209 15814 2004 [1] - 137 2008 [1] - 1132 2012 [1] - 12813 2013 [4] - 13 912 1133 19711

2015 [1] - 19716 23 [2] - 1086 19716 25th [1] - 55 282 [1] - 119 285 [1] - 133 288 [1] - 56 29 [2] - 2319 251 29th [1] - 415

3

3 [3] - 5917 608 1352

30 [2] - 11814 11815

6390396 [1] - 118 651 [2] - 13914 1401

6th [1] - 716

7

7 [1] - 6510 715(B [1] - 218 720 [5] - 33 1356 1632 1905 19217

722 [8] - 32 721 728 7211 7311 748 10710 17818

722A [1] - 1199 723 [26] - 34 6218 7117 728 7216 7311 7410 8611 1066 1077

18613 1906 19010

absolutely [1] -12011

abut [1] - 1402 abuts [1] - 1651 abutter [4] - 95 4011 435 5011

abutters [8] - 7510 777 778 10318 10319

abutting [9] - 1215 1218 232 744 17616 1791 1792 17915

acceptable [2] - 405 898

access [7] - 1015 268 3317 365 3816 488 5013

accessing [1] - 413 accessory [4] - 1311

1876 added [7] - 1213 5814 725 1079 12811 12812 12813

adding [6] - 143 9419 952 958 13213 17718

addition [4] - 143 155 7118 9419

additional [4] - 729 7210 15717 17718

additions [1] - 5710 address [18] - 91 2313 4417 451 535 538 7810 1506 1507 1514 1516 1517 15414 15415 15513 1635 1699 1766

62 [1] - 1379

0

005 [1] - 6210 01 [2] - 6210 6619 02 [2] - 629 6618 035 [1] - 629 05 [3] - 6118 628 749

1 300 [3] - 1912 7510 10714 1293 1316 1515 1815 addressed [5] - 543

1 [1] - 572 1794 13416 1353 accommodate [1] - 861 1504 16913

10 [2] - 2612 1209 300-foot [1] - 778 1665 1681 9410 17612

1021 [1] - 11816 100-watt [1] - 13014 1030 [1] - 1403 1030 [1] - 19319 1100 [1] - 198 12-foot [1] - 146 13 [1] - 1694 147703 [1] - 19715 15 [2] - 1048 1319 15th [1] - 19711 16 [1] - 13

320 [1] - 1912 38 [1] - 515

4

4 [1] - 6316 40-A [2] - 696 7910 400-watt [1] - 13013 40A [2] - 548 1004 40A6 [1] - 9118

17514 1768 1772 17916 17919 1804 18119 18217 18411

7230 [1] - 17816 7242 [4] - 6415 754 768 832

71613 [1] - 1961 705 [1] - 14 720 [3] - 111 117

accompanies [1] -1929

accomplish [4] -1821 1836 18613 18614

accomplished [1] -1697

accomplishes [1] -1821

accordance [1] -15212

addresses [1] - 1572 adds [3] - 5510 15913

adequate [1] - 1846 adequately [1] -14216

adhere [1] - 697 adjacent [6] - 1717 708 781 783 12918 1389

adjoining [1] - 16418

186 [1] - 233 1800 [1] - 192 1855 [1] - 1045

5 118

8

according [1] - 1412 accurate [2] - 19617 1979

adjourned [2] - 1913 19318

Adjourned [1] - 1941

1869 [1] - 129 5000 [1] - 126 achieve [1] - 672 adjust [1] - 1161

1920 [1] - 13714 528 [1] - 194 8 [6] - 2316 2318 acknowledging [1] - adjustments [1] -

1922 [1] - 1214 5282 [2] - 28 29 557 947 975 15413 1054

1924 [2] - 1377 5822 [1] - 201 806 [1] - 15 Acorn [5] - 124 adjusts [1] - 668

13718 50 [1] - 1895 84 [1] - 14712 1218 131 2316 admit [1] - 6818

194 [1] - 1967 50-watt [1] - 873 850 [1] - 8411 2318 adopt [2] - 7112

1940 [1] - 1289 50-year-old [1] - act [4] - 4912 17013

1943 [1] - 13719 1960 [1] - 12811

13715 533 [4] - 27 119

9 14317 16214 19012

adopted [2] - 5414 1555

1962 [5] - 1279 1118 123 Act [1] - 719 adoption [1] - 1691

12714 1378 539 [1] - 1215 9 [1] - 642 acted [1] - 17317 Adoption [1] - 25

13719 1385 900 [1] - 8411 action [3] - 1013 advance [1] - 1752

1970 [2] - 12812 1381

6 A

5912 12312 active [1] - 808

advanced [1] - 17011 advertise [1] - 1681

1996 [1] - 135 activity [1] - 105 advertised [4] - 564 6 [5] - 2315 2318 548 573 658

6351 [1] - 29 641 [2] - 215 7713 646 [1] - 216 60-watt [1] - 849 6177867783617

abandon [1] - 5915 ability [3] - 783 14114 19710

able [13] - 268 4910 594 6410 7517 9217 13818 1583 1729 1836

acts [2] - 1143 1146 actual [5] - 1911 3616 1174 1603 1684

add [8] - 141 459 6112 638 656 1337 15818

8817 1667 1829 advertisement [1] -5319

advice [2] - 12410 1498

advise [1] - 1612 advised [1] - 466

2

2 [3] - 585 12615 12616

2-point [1] - 831

1

advising [1] - 18718 affect [3] - 977 1433 1848

affecting [2] - 1334 16117

affects [1] - 16511 afraid [2] - 1117 14014

agenda [4] - 48 52 5111 18815

aggrieved [5] - 6418 759 7710 787 10313

aging [1] - 11714 ago [3] - 682 10916 13616

agree [17] - 612 4110 456 8013 8015 8216 1254 1539 15312 1551 1559 15510 1576 1587 17912 18311 1863

agreed [1] - 7218 ahead [5] - 583 8012 8911 8916 1546

AHMED [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

ahmed [2] - 10110 15215

Ahmed [5] - 111 1917 4711 9017 1874

Aid [1] - 1088 aint [1] - 1568 air [5] - 309 316 417 425 453

al [1] - 213 alley [1] - 488 allow [9] - 1415 2513 3614 603 6615 9212 9711 1041 1386

allowed [10] - 1419 3613 504 506 6614 708 972 12919 1791 17910

allowing [1] - 356 allows [1] - 5511 almost [7] - 253 287 336 1059 10510 15814 1873

alter [1] - 8210 alteration [5] - 5418

9213 942 948 949

alterations [3] -5519 5612 925

altered [1] - 12510 altering [1] - 829 alters [1] - 17112 altogether [1] - 1295 ambiguity [2] - 7314 7415

ambiguous [1] -18411

ameliorates [1] - 768 amenable [1] - 4310 Amend [1] - 17813 amend [5] - 213 215 217 6310 1665

amended [4] - 17716 17717 18112 18114

amendment [5] -819 639 1262 1672 18011

Amesbury [1] - 1117 amount [5] - 153 4513 502 707 10812

amplified [1] - 287 analog [1] - 7112 analysis [1] - 917 AND [2] - 1951 19517

ANDOR [1] - 19719 Ann [1] - 2317 annoying [1] - 682 answer [7] - 6517 10112 11917 13512 1384 17013 1764

answers [1] - 6910 ANY [2] - 19718 19718

anyway [2] - 8719 8911

anyways [2] - 11210 11610

apartment [3] - 1412 10315 1289

Appeal [3] - 24 53 55

appeal [2] - 11414 11814

applicability [1] - 585 applicable [7] - 7114 15614 17515 1768 17919 1805 18416

applicant [1] - 212 application [4] - 185 4914 4918 5710

applied [2] - 9119 16510

applies [6] - 544 7212 1296 16416 1669 1782

apply [21] - 5411 5414 5518 5610 588 5913 624 627 632 635 637 702 7411 945 9613 1633 1784 1817 18110 18112 1849

APPLY [1] - 19718 applying [1] - 16613 appreciate [1] - 1592 approach [7] - 2415 7919 802 8315 1236 1559

appropriate [7] -6515 15416 15418 15513 1573 16812 16815

appropriately [2] -4118 1525

appropriating [1] -15717

approval [2] - 406 4715

april [1] - 19716 arbor [2] - 879 8711 architect [2] - 1116 1836

architectlawyer [2] -1832 1834

architects [1] -10811

architectural [2] -516 1032

Area [1] - 211 area [9] - 211 1818 1912 2812 291 345 438 914 1129

areas [5] - 412 876 1298 1505 1763

argument [1] - 12610 arm [1] - 1126 arrangement [2] - 92 4410

arrive [1] - 16818 arrived [1] - 117 Article [5] - 557 642 6510 947 975

article [3] - 88 913 975

articulated [2] - 775

7917 ashes [1] - 14513 Ashland [1] - 1095 aside [2] - 17015 19117

aspect [1] - 336 aspects [1] - 971 assigned [2] - 227 229

assist [1] - 1113 Assistant [2] - 113 23

Associate [1] - 111 associated [1] -12112

assume [1] - 444 assuming [1] - 4719 assumption [2] -14111 1435

assure [2] - 3912 1408

astutely [1] - 1108 ATTACH [1] - 1961 attach [1] - 453 attempt [2] - 1141 19213

attempts [1] - 1225 attend [1] - 121 attention [5] - 2715 1319 1412 1432 1902

attorneys [1] - 10810 Auburn [1] - 1127 AUDIENCE [2] -1613 673

audience [1] - 1112 August [2] - 58 716 available [3] - 3315 4518 1242

Ave [1] - 14713 avenue [1] - 1007 Avenue [10] - 15 27 119 1119 123 124 126 1216 1403 1404

avenues [1] - 6411 avoid [3] - 11210 12313 17519

aware [2] - 4414 6813

awful [1] - 681

8618 bad [5] - 393 11312 1147 1174 1568

ball [1] - 1477 Band [1] - 1088 Band-Aid [1] - 1088 bar [1] - 904 based [11] - 1116 506 5514 6016 6317 6718 12317 1264 1306 1629 17017

basement [1] - 93 basic [2] - 1202 1655

basis [2] - 996 1305 bat [1] - 538 bays [2] - 1212 148 Beady [1] - 11911 bear [1] - 9417 beautifully [1] - 1024 become [1] - 8112 becomes [1] - 813 bedrooms [1] - 243 begin [2] - 5111 12810

beginning [3] - 7717 17316 17810

begins [1] - 17813 begun [1] - 5412 behalf [1] - 122 behind [4] - 1219 2517 523 8618

benefit [1] - 3511 Bensley [4] - 212 1118 134 353

BENSLEY [2] - 3416 353

Bensleys [1] - 3515 Berkeley [2] - 1319 13316

best [7] - 386 1241 1478 15017 15111 1641 19710

better [11] - 1111 306 675 771 819 8315 9712 15913 16313 1758 1879

between [13] - 124 258 382 4314 6212 665 996 998 16310 1695 1704 19114

Beuzekom [3] -11515 1702 1915

BEUZEKOM [5] -1706 1713 1917

B

B-1 [1] - 1402 BA-1 [1] - 1448 background [1] -7419

backlog [1] - 1329 backyard [2] - 366

2

3 19111 19312 bottom [3] - 56 15915 724 7217 749 cemented [1] - 774

beyond [2] - 724 2218 17817 buildings [11] - 2217 8117 842 874 Center [1] - 15 14819 boundary [1] - 278 286 5518 5519 1026 11912 certain [8] - 5513

bicycle [2] - 155 boy [2] - 8911 839 9716 10211 candles [4] - 6118 976 9919 16416 156 15615 12918 1743 852 8518 1569 16515 17716

bidding [1] - 1711 break [2] - 283 4710 17416 1797 cannot [2] - 4018 17717 1846 big [1] - 10518 break-in [1] - 283 Buildings [1] - 14813 18614 certainly [12] - 2718 Bill [1] - 3310 BRIAN [1] - 5015 built [4] - 128 1213 cans [3] - 302 2719 3017 4416 bill [1] - 1145 Brian [3] - 113 23 1410 1289 14512 1473 471 5218 6618

bit [9] - 549 5712 1606 bulb [14] - 843 849 cantilever [1] - 221 12518 13918

5714 6711 8611 bricks [1] - 172 8419 11312 cantilevered [1] - 1507 1613 1668

9117 9418 1434 16318

briefly [2] - 5210 1083

11313 1145 1161 1162

3114 capacity [1] - 14319

certificate [1] -11719

black [2] - 2316 8619

bright [2] - 666 7615

11718 13013 13014 13213

CAPTURING [1] -118

Certificate [1] - 1185 CERTIFICATION [1] -

blend [1] - 10212 blinding [1] - 1027 block [3] - 4814 8715 8716

blogosphere [2] -1718 19119

brighter [1] - 664 brightest [1] - 666 brightness [1] - 8414 bring [16] - 1112 2619 722 921 934 953 969

17419 bulbs [1] - 873 bunch [2] - 11410 11912

bundled [2] - 1035 1036

care [2] - 421 1423 careful [3] - 762 1531 1898

carefully [3] - 7619 775 7915

carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

6

retail space over time on that location So

even though its in the C-1 it has a retail

facade in that ground floor that corner

retail space

PAMELA WINTERS Well Im always

you know up for having retail spaces

particularly in that neighborhood So my

feeling is that I would like to see that

filled if it is a retail shop

LIZA PADEN Yes

PAMELA WINTERS I dont know if my

colleagues agree with me but I would like to

encourage that

HUGH RUSSELL Youre probably

living closer to that spot than any of us

PAMELA WINTERS Yes What was it

before Liza do you remember

LIZA PADEN Its been a variety of

things

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

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that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

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changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

97

generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

98

And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

100

signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

101

which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

102

have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

103

have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

105

I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

106

the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

107

that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

108

CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

109

supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

110

CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

112

know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

113

fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

114

attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

115

be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

116

cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

118

occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

120

this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

121

Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

123

petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

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197

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al [1] - 213 alley [1] - 488 allow [9] - 1415 2513 3614 603 6615 9212 9711 1041 1386

allowed [10] - 1419 3613 504 506 6614 708 972 12919 1791 17910

allowing [1] - 356 allows [1] - 5511 almost [7] - 253 287 336 1059 10510 15814 1873

alter [1] - 8210 alteration [5] - 5418

9213 942 948 949

alterations [3] -5519 5612 925

altered [1] - 12510 altering [1] - 829 alters [1] - 17112 altogether [1] - 1295 ambiguity [2] - 7314 7415

ambiguous [1] -18411

ameliorates [1] - 768 amenable [1] - 4310 Amend [1] - 17813 amend [5] - 213 215 217 6310 1665

amended [4] - 17716 17717 18112 18114

amendment [5] -819 639 1262 1672 18011

Amesbury [1] - 1117 amount [5] - 153 4513 502 707 10812

amplified [1] - 287 analog [1] - 7112 analysis [1] - 917 AND [2] - 1951 19517

ANDOR [1] - 19719 Ann [1] - 2317 annoying [1] - 682 answer [7] - 6517 10112 11917 13512 1384 17013 1764

answers [1] - 6910 ANY [2] - 19718 19718

anyway [2] - 8719 8911

anyways [2] - 11210 11610

apartment [3] - 1412 10315 1289

Appeal [3] - 24 53 55

appeal [2] - 11414 11814

applicability [1] - 585 applicable [7] - 7114 15614 17515 1768 17919 1805 18416

applicant [1] - 212 application [4] - 185 4914 4918 5710

applied [2] - 9119 16510

applies [6] - 544 7212 1296 16416 1669 1782

apply [21] - 5411 5414 5518 5610 588 5913 624 627 632 635 637 702 7411 945 9613 1633 1784 1817 18110 18112 1849

APPLY [1] - 19718 applying [1] - 16613 appreciate [1] - 1592 approach [7] - 2415 7919 802 8315 1236 1559

appropriate [7] -6515 15416 15418 15513 1573 16812 16815

appropriately [2] -4118 1525

appropriating [1] -15717

approval [2] - 406 4715

april [1] - 19716 arbor [2] - 879 8711 architect [2] - 1116 1836

architectlawyer [2] -1832 1834

architects [1] -10811

architectural [2] -516 1032

Area [1] - 211 area [9] - 211 1818 1912 2812 291 345 438 914 1129

areas [5] - 412 876 1298 1505 1763

argument [1] - 12610 arm [1] - 1126 arrangement [2] - 92 4410

arrive [1] - 16818 arrived [1] - 117 Article [5] - 557 642 6510 947 975

article [3] - 88 913 975

articulated [2] - 775

7917 ashes [1] - 14513 Ashland [1] - 1095 aside [2] - 17015 19117

aspect [1] - 336 aspects [1] - 971 assigned [2] - 227 229

assist [1] - 1113 Assistant [2] - 113 23

Associate [1] - 111 associated [1] -12112

assume [1] - 444 assuming [1] - 4719 assumption [2] -14111 1435

assure [2] - 3912 1408

astutely [1] - 1108 ATTACH [1] - 1961 attach [1] - 453 attempt [2] - 1141 19213

attempts [1] - 1225 attend [1] - 121 attention [5] - 2715 1319 1412 1432 1902

attorneys [1] - 10810 Auburn [1] - 1127 AUDIENCE [2] -1613 673

audience [1] - 1112 August [2] - 58 716 available [3] - 3315 4518 1242

Ave [1] - 14713 avenue [1] - 1007 Avenue [10] - 15 27 119 1119 123 124 126 1216 1403 1404

avenues [1] - 6411 avoid [3] - 11210 12313 17519

aware [2] - 4414 6813

awful [1] - 681

8618 bad [5] - 393 11312 1147 1174 1568

ball [1] - 1477 Band [1] - 1088 Band-Aid [1] - 1088 bar [1] - 904 based [11] - 1116 506 5514 6016 6317 6718 12317 1264 1306 1629 17017

basement [1] - 93 basic [2] - 1202 1655

basis [2] - 996 1305 bat [1] - 538 bays [2] - 1212 148 Beady [1] - 11911 bear [1] - 9417 beautifully [1] - 1024 become [1] - 8112 becomes [1] - 813 bedrooms [1] - 243 begin [2] - 5111 12810

beginning [3] - 7717 17316 17810

begins [1] - 17813 begun [1] - 5412 behalf [1] - 122 behind [4] - 1219 2517 523 8618

benefit [1] - 3511 Bensley [4] - 212 1118 134 353

BENSLEY [2] - 3416 353

Bensleys [1] - 3515 Berkeley [2] - 1319 13316

best [7] - 386 1241 1478 15017 15111 1641 19710

better [11] - 1111 306 675 771 819 8315 9712 15913 16313 1758 1879

between [13] - 124 258 382 4314 6212 665 996 998 16310 1695 1704 19114

Beuzekom [3] -11515 1702 1915

BEUZEKOM [5] -1706 1713 1917

B

B-1 [1] - 1402 BA-1 [1] - 1448 background [1] -7419

backlog [1] - 1329 backyard [2] - 366

2

3 19111 19312 bottom [3] - 56 15915 724 7217 749 cemented [1] - 774

beyond [2] - 724 2218 17817 buildings [11] - 2217 8117 842 874 Center [1] - 15 14819 boundary [1] - 278 286 5518 5519 1026 11912 certain [8] - 5513

bicycle [2] - 155 boy [2] - 8911 839 9716 10211 candles [4] - 6118 976 9919 16416 156 15615 12918 1743 852 8518 1569 16515 17716

bidding [1] - 1711 break [2] - 283 4710 17416 1797 cannot [2] - 4018 17717 1846 big [1] - 10518 break-in [1] - 283 Buildings [1] - 14813 18614 certainly [12] - 2718 Bill [1] - 3310 BRIAN [1] - 5015 built [4] - 128 1213 cans [3] - 302 2719 3017 4416 bill [1] - 1145 Brian [3] - 113 23 1410 1289 14512 1473 471 5218 6618

bit [9] - 549 5712 1606 bulb [14] - 843 849 cantilever [1] - 221 12518 13918

5714 6711 8611 bricks [1] - 172 8419 11312 cantilevered [1] - 1507 1613 1668

9117 9418 1434 16318

briefly [2] - 5210 1083

11313 1145 1161 1162

3114 capacity [1] - 14319

certificate [1] -11719

black [2] - 2316 8619

bright [2] - 666 7615

11718 13013 13014 13213

CAPTURING [1] -118

Certificate [1] - 1185 CERTIFICATION [1] -

blend [1] - 10212 blinding [1] - 1027 block [3] - 4814 8715 8716

blogosphere [2] -1718 19119

brighter [1] - 664 brightest [1] - 666 brightness [1] - 8414 bring [16] - 1112 2619 722 921 934 953 969

17419 bulbs [1] - 873 bunch [2] - 11410 11912

bundled [2] - 1035 1036

care [2] - 421 1423 careful [3] - 762 1531 1898

carefully [3] - 7619 775 7915

carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

7

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Liza

that used to be the Oxford Street Realty

office right

LIZA PADEN Yes real estate and

insurance office Thank you

H THEODORE COHEN Its been sort

of a kids clothing store most recently I

think

PAMELA WINTERS Right

LIZA PADEN Right Thank you

PAMELA WINTERS Well I would just

like to encourage retail you know that

being filled up so thats it

And well be getting the Norfolk Street

one later

LIZA PADEN August 6th its going

to come back to you

PAMELA WINTERS Okay thank you

LIZA PADEN Thats it

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

91

that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

92

changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

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generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

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And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

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signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

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which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

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have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

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have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

105

I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

106

the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

107

that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

108

CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

109

supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

110

CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

112

know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

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fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

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attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

115

be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

116

cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

118

occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

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this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

121

Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

123

petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

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lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

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REPLACE THIS PAGE OF THE TRANSCRIPT WITH THE

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196

ATTACH TO PLANNING BOARD DATE 71613 REP CAZ

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______________________

197

C E R T I F I C A T E

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS BRISTOL SS

I Catherine Lawson Zelinski a Certified Shorthand Reporter the undersigned Notary Public certify that

I am not related to any of the parties in this matter by blood or marriage and that I am in no way interested in the outcome of this matter

I further certify that the testimony hereinbefore set forth is a true and accurate transcription of my stenographic notes to the best of my knowledge skill and ability

IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of September 2013

Catherine L Zelinski Notary Public Certified Shorthand Reporter License No 147703

My Commission Expires April 23 2015

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION OF THIS TRANSCRIPT DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY REPRODUCTION OF THE SAME BY ANY MEANS UNLESS UNDER THE DIRECT CONTROL ANDOR DIRECTION OF THE CERTIFYING REPORTER

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carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20

8

HUGH RUSSELL Thats it

Is there a transcript

LIZA PADEN And were working

through the transcripts So theres no new

transcripts yet

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

H THEODORE COHEN Liza can I ask

a question There was an article in the

Cambridge Chronicle about the Kaya Ka Hotel

I was wondering if you knew what the status

of that was

LIZA PADEN So the Kaya Ka Hotel I

dont remember exactly when the Special

Permit was granted by the Planning Board but

theres been a Special Permit for the use and

some dimensional changes in the Overlay

District which were the result of the

rezoning for that particular Zoning District

And then they came back for an amendment to

9

the Planning Board to address the valet

parking arrangement that they wanted to have

in the basement and they had to reconfigure

the driveway because their desire to have a

shared driveway with the abutter it fell

through So that Special Permit I dont

know if you remember but at the end of the

year for the last three years I believe

theyve come in and theyve requested an

extension of the Special Permit So thats a

valid permit and its -- the expiration date

is now December of 2013

H THEODORE COHEN And the article

indicated they were about to start

construction

LIZA PADEN Right We have not

seen the construction drawings yet and we

havent reviewed them for the conditions of

the Planning Board Special Permit

10

H THEODORE COHEN And on another

matter I recommend to all my colleagues and

all the public to take a look at the church

next to Lesley University which is undergoing

a lot of activity and it looks like its

about to be moved shortly

Do you have any timing on that

LIZA PADEN No But Lesley

University has an extensive construction site

that theyve put up on-line and they have an

overall construction plan that covers the

entire duration of the construction and then

they have the next two weeks in action So

theres also an e-mail list that you can

access there and get put on updates of when

they send out the updates every week youll

get an update

H THEODORE COHEN Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL I guess well take a

11

ten or an eight minute recess until 720 for

our next scheduled business

LIZA PADEN Right

(A short recess was taken)

(William Tibbs seated)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay the magic hour

has arrived It is now 720 and we can go on

to our 720 public hearing Planning Board

case 282 533 Putnam Avenue

GREGORY COLLING Hi Would it be

better if I placed the boards facing the

audience I didnt bring an easel with me

HUGH RUSSELL Liza will assist you

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

My name is Greg Colling Im an

architect with Merrimack Design based in

Amesbury Massachusetts and Im representing

Lianne Bensley Shes the owner of 533

Putnam Avenue Shes unfortunately unable to

12

attend this evening but several members of

her family are here on her behalf

So 533 Putnam Avenue is on -- well

Putnam Avenue between Brookline and Acorn

Street Its on the south side of Putnam

Avenue Its roughly a 5000 square foot

lot It has a Victorian half house on one

side Its a half a house Its built in

1869 Its a second empire house And then

on the left side of the lot is a one-story

storefront building that has a series of six

garage bays on the back side of it that have

been added That was built initially in

1922

The abutting properties are 539 Putnam

Avenue Its a triple decker Its a green

triple decker on the left And then the

other abutting properties are on Acorn Street

which is behind the half house

13

LIZA PADEN This is Acorn

GREGORY COLLING And its also --

the corner touches 285 Brookline The

propertys been owned by Li Bensley since

1996 Her husband whos now deceased ran a

construction business with Li and they ran

that business there until 2004 And she

subsequently moved out of Cambridge and has

been renting the Victorian house The half

house is actually two dwelling units And

then the one-story accessory structure is --

has two tenants and it has a business tenant

Its a non-conforming use The residence is

in a Residence C District

So the owner is proposing to convert

the non-conforming accessory structure into a

single-family owner-occupied residence which

is non-conforming Its because there are

two units already on the property So this

14

would be a -- were proposing to add a third

unit on the property

And in addition to adding a third unit

on the property were proposing a reduction

in parking Currently there is a driveway a

12-foot driveway that goes from the front of

the lot to the back There isnt sufficient

turning radius to enter the garage bays

because of an egress stair and a deck that

was built in the yard so currently its used

as tandem parking for the business tenants

According to the owner the two apartment

tenants do not use the driveway at all

So were hoping to -- that youll

allow us to convert this non-conforming

structure into a single-family residence

Were proposing to have two tandem parking

spaces for the use of the owner which I

understand that tandem parking isnt allowed

15

or its not recognized as a legal parking

space So it would be in effect were

continuing the same amount of parking which

is one legal parking space on that property

In addition were providing bicycle parking

on the property for three bicycle spaces

And there is also -- theres a map that weve

brought that shows the bus stations that are

nearby There are two bus routes that are

nearby and also Zipcar locations and theres

a grocery store thats within walking

distance

So we feel that our proposal will

minimally impact the neighborhood We feel

that taking a non-conforming accessory

structure thats deteriorated and

underutilized and turning that into a

single-family residence will be an

enhancement to the neighborhood and to the

16

community

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

STEVEN WINTER May I ask a

question

I want to make sure that I know which

building which place youre talking about

and Im just trying to get my head around

what it is and where it is Is this the

structure that used to be a news distribution

-- newspaper distribution back in the day

Does anybody know that

MEMBER FROM THE AUDIENCE Yes

STEVEN WINTER So I know what that

is now So the only work that were talking

about doing is not to the larger structure

which is owned by the proponent but the work

is on that series of --

GREGORY COLLING Correct

17

STEVEN WINTER -- spaces And is

it to renovate existing bricks and mortar or

is it to tear down and build new

GREGORY COLLING Were proposing to

reuse the existing structure and not tear it

down We do have to remove -- in the rear

corner the deterioration is such that we have

to replace the masonry in the back of the

building But were proposing to work within

the existing structure Were not proposing

any changes to the front of the bidding other

than taking out a door on the side and

replacing that with a window to match the

storefront And we are proposing a

three-foot overhang on the driveway side

which is invisible really to any any

adjacent properties as a covered entry

STEVEN WINTER And is this is the

plan then for one single story not two

18

stories

GREGORY COLLING Correct Were

not proposing a second story Were working

with then the existing volume structure

STEVEN COHEN In your application

you describe this as being an owner-occupied

Is that the plan that the three units will

remain under common ownership Its not

being you know the lots being subdivided

or condoized or --

GREGORY COLLING No the owner uses

the other two existing residential units on

the property for rental income and then she

will continue that and she will be living in

the one-story accessory structure

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre requesting a

third unit on the site but also all the units

will be less than the minimum area size is

that correct

19

GREGORY COLLING Right theyre

less than 1800 square feet per unit Right

WILLIAM TIBBS Okay

HUGH RUSSELL This is a 528

proposal on a conversion of a non-residential

structure for residential use so its looked

at differently There the rule is that you

can divide the structure into 1100 square

foot units

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL And the actual gross

area is for 300 units -- 320 square feet is

going to be one unit so it meets that

standard

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

(Ahmed Nur Seated)

HUGH RUSSELL So the relief youre

seeking is a conversion reduction of the

20

required parking and 5822 and thats

(inaudible) The third thing is the getting

the third unit by Special Permit process not

by a Variance process

GREGORY COLLING It was recommended

by the Building Inspector that I go through

the Special Permit process rather than try to

seek a variance

HUGH RUSSELL Shall we go to public

testimony

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have two

quick questions

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

TOM SIENIEWICZ Sorry two quick

questions One the openings on the it

would be looks like the east side of the

property the window openings those are

existing the ones that are close to the

property

21

GREGORY COLLING Correct

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay And then can

you just --

STEVEN WINTER Which ones are

these Could you point that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ The ones at the top

of the drawing

STEVEN WINTER Yes okay Thank

you

LIZA PADEN This is the shared

property line

TOM SIENIEWICZ And then the

extension of the three-foot overhang on the

-- over the door is --

GREGORY COLLING Want me to point

that out

TOM SIENIEWICZ If you could just

point that out

GREGORY COLLING Yeah that

22

proposed cantilever roof is right here This

is the existing two-family house thats on

the property

TOM SIENIEWICZ Yes

And so then in terms of the open space

how does that divide up relative to the

units on the -- is it assigned to one of

every unit

GREGORY COLLING Its assigned to

this unit

TOM SIENIEWICZ Okay thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Are there any other

questions

STEVEN WINTER Actually I do

Mr Chair just one more

The smaller dark square does that

represent a part of the buildings on the

property Its down towards the bottom

LIZA PADEN This

23

STEVEN WINTER Yes that

GREGORY COLLING Thats an abutting

property Thats 186

STEVEN WINTER Thats not what

were talking about

GREGORY COLLING Correct

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Okay so were going

to go to public testimony And by

coincidence the first person to speak is

Mark Sullivan who lives at (Inaudible) Go

to the podium and give your name and your

address

MARK SULLIVAN Good evening Im

Mark Sullivan the owner and occupier of 6

and 8 Acorn Street which is the black square

on the plan that we see there My wife Ann

and I own 6 and 8 Acorn Street Weve -- in

October will be 29 years in the neighborhood

24

That property is very familiar to me We

look out every morning as I make coffee and

all of our -- all three the bedrooms in the

house are very very closely directly

overlook the yard part of the property And

thats thats where most of my questions

relate to for this renovation And this is

the first time Ive been involved in such a

process so Im -- pardon me if Im not asking

the right questions whatever they may be

I guess -- so theres a couple of

things that Im interested to know about if

theres a possibility given this building is

unusual and theres a request for a you

know a different approach if in that case

any setback requirements are different

Because if we if we look on the plan the

yard plan that hedge that is close to my

house -- I dont think that property line has

25

been surveyed in the 29 years that Ive been

there And it just seems to me that -- and

if Im correct it almost looks like theres

some surveyor marks on some of the other

sides of the plan

GREGORY COLLING We had the

property surveyed

MARK SULLIVAN The property between

Liannes property and mine I didnt see

numbers here

GREGORY COLLING I believe it was

HUGH RUSSELL With the Boards

indulgence I think we can allow this sort of

dialogue

TOM SIENIEWICZ Thats fine

GREGORY COLLING This is your

property right here and you have space behind

your house

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

26

GREGORY COLLING The property line

is right against the party wall

MARK SULLIVAN Okay so that survey

was done recently

GREGORY COLLING Right

MARK SULLIVAN So with the

plantings that are proposed the -- one of my

concerns is being able to access the rear of

my house for necessary repair you know

painting etcetera etcetera Currently its

a wooden deck which you can see in I think

its your photo 10 that you have in the

package which will also give you an idea of

how close we are in this little enclave So

my concern is obviously not wanting to cause

any damage to that if -- and I do need to do

some renovations to the exterior of my house

quite shortly So again Im wondering if

the plan is to bring those plantings right to

27

the property line or whatever required you

know inward movement or setback might be in

this particular case

GREGORY COLLING Well I think we

showed for privacy purposes we showed a

hedge thats on thats against the property

line It wouldnt extend over your property

but its on -- against that boundary

MARK SULLIVAN Right And how high

does that going to be

GREGORY COLLING We havent

determined that yet but Im sure thats

something we can work out with Li

MARK SULLIVAN The other thing I

just wanted to call to attention is going to

be the use of the yard and the materials

used I mentioned some concern about noise

Ive spoken to Lianne you know certainly I

certainly dont think shes going to be

28

having the sorts of parties that previous

tenants have had Weve also have had a

break-in on our first floor which is why you

see grates on the window But you know

those were past days But because of the

way you know the buildings kind of create

this amplified almost noise effect Im

just -- Lianne said that theres going to be

maybe a crushed stone material used

GREGORY COLLING Yeah there will

be permeable surface back there and theres

one paved portion of the area thats closer

to the building

MARK SULLIVAN And then something

also I dont see in the plan I guess the

language thats used is the work will be --

will occur entirely within the footprint of

the building But in my view theres going

to be significant demolition and new

29

construction required in that yard area So

I wonder you know if theres a plan on how

long thats going to -- when that might

start How long that might go on What the

nature of that work might be Again thats

its literally right under our noses so I

would just like to understand what that might

look like

GREGORY COLLING Well again our

primary focus has been to get through the

Special Permit process and we developed a

plan Theres more work that needs to be

done to develop the landscape but we have a

proposal here that we brought to this meeting

and thats you know basically a schematic

plan for what we intend to do And Im sure

that you know we have we can work with you

if you have an issue with the hedge but I

think were again were improving the

30

space Were taking out that wood deck

thats rotted thats with the garbage cans

back there And were planning on creating a

nice space that I think youll be pleased

MARK SULLIVAN It will look a whole

lot better than it looks currently And

again the -- and so the other related issue

when I spoke with Lianne and I mentioned this

to you that this air conditioning unit

thats shown in the exterior that she did

say her plan is to move it under the stairs

but since that is not shown in this kind of

drawing you know I would have a great

interest in that occurring because of the

you know the noise that comes right up from

that fairly large unit and we hear it we

certainly hear it in our house And its

great that she says that she plans to do

that But I just wonder how that would be

31

kind of confirmed through the planning and

the iteration

HUGH RUSSELL We can do that We

can make that a condition of a permit

MARK SULLIVAN Yeah

Will there be any air conditioning

units on the roof

GREGORY COLLING Not to my

knowledge

MARK SULLIVAN And is there any

outdoor lighting plan

GREGORY COLLING We havent

developed an outdoor lighting plan other than

to have recessed lights at the cantilevered

roofs Just two little spots that light and

demarcate the entrance to the building

MARK SULLIVAN Uh-huh

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh youve asked

our indulgence but I think we should proceed

32

on

HUGH RUSSELL Continue on

WILLIAM TIBBS And the conversation

youre having you can continue to have

and --

STEVEN WINTER And you should

WILLIAM TIBBS -- but we need to

get back on this

MARK SULLIVAN Great thank you

very much

HUGH RUSSELL Okay Does anyone

else wish to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I see no one

wanting to speak So now we will discuss

this proposal

STEVEN COHEN Well Ill start if

nobody else will Its currently a

non-conforming use a non-conforming

33

dimensionally in many respects And with the

changes I dont think any of the

non-conformities are being exacerbated In

many respects from the use to the open space

that the situation is being improved in

almost every aspect I think its a great

way to use this non-conforming structure and

I think its a great idea great proposal

and a great plan for this lot

HUGH RUSSELL Bill

WILLIAM TIBBS I guess I have a

question for the proponent You said that

the -- all the open space was going to be

used by the converted unit and so theres no

open space available for the existing two

GREGORY COLLING Thats correct

Theres safe access on to the property for

the two rental units but the rear yard will

be private and dedicated to the proposed

34

residence

WILLIAM TIBBS And how is the open

space being used currently by those tenants

GREGORY COLLING It isnt Its

basically a trash storage area

WILLIAM TIBBS What about the wood

deck

GREGORY COLLING And the wood deck

to my knowledge I havent seen it used

WILLIAM TIBBS I mean what was its

purpose What were the users of the deck

Was it a commercial --

GREGORY COLLING Im not sure

WILLIAM TIBBS Was it commercial

use

SAM BENSLEY People would go out

there and have a drink and tenants in the

building

WILLIAM TIBBS The tenants --

35

HUGH RUSSELL Could you give us

your name please

SAME BENSLEY Sam Bensley

WILLIAM TIBBS Other than for me

the idea of the renovation makes sense Not

allowing the tenants who even though they

may not have used it that deck obviously was

there for their use to -- when you have we

typically like to see if there are units on

the property that all of the units there have

some benefit from the open space

GREGORY COLLING Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS Actually can I say

something My name is Chris Williams Im

Ms Bensleys brother

HUGH RUSSELL Sure

CHRIS WILLIAMS And I think I can

point out a couple of things Firs it that

there is a front yard to the two-unit

36

building Its very small And the leases

that weve written for both of the two

tenants do not include the yard at all They

only include the rental unit itself So

they dont even really have access to the

backyard They havent really used it as Sam

said And they dont use it now

WILLIAM TIBBS Youre saying that

the existing leases --

CHRIS WILLIAMS The existing leases

do not --

WILLIAM TIBBS -- theyre not

allowed to use --

CHRIS WILLIAMS They dont allow

them to use the yard The only lease is to

the actual unit itself and not to the yard

GREGORY COLLING Obviously privacy

having a private outdoor space is important

to the owner

37

WILLIAM TIBBS Its also important

to other people too

GREGORY COLLING Right

PAMELA WINTERS Yes

HUGH RUSSELL Its not completely

private because of Mr Sullivans house So

its a you know a semi-private space

GREGORY COLLING Right

HUGH RUSSELL One that I would

characterize most peoples yards in

Cambridge

GREGORY COLLING Semi-private

HUGH RUSSELL Yes You may control

who comes into it but many people look at

the open spaces

Steve

STEVEN WINTER The semi-private

concept is very nice I like that And it

really is living in a dense urban

38

environment Believe me theres going to be

interaction and contact between the people in

the windows and the people on the ground I

mean theres -- theyre neighbors and thats

going to happen so we want to make it the

best experience for all of them

I need clarification on the rooftop

mechanicals So I need for the proponent to

say clearly there are no rooftop mechanicals

or there are rooftop mechanicals and this is

what they are So thats simply something

that we need clarification on

And I -- I -- just because it was

brought up I think that we are going to need

clarification on the existing lease defining

the tenants access to the side yards Now

Im not sure what I would say if it didnt

say that but I think as long as its been

brought forward we just need to confirm

39

that I feel And if my colleagues feel

differently you know just tell me and I

realize Im being in a bad mood today or

whatever it is we can do that

And I think the lighting is also really

important to us And weve got a lot of

folks in the city who are concerned about the

lighting

Mr Chair is there a -- theres a

lighting plan that the proponent can provide

us right that shows where the lights are

and what directions they go that would assure

us and the neighbors that the lighting will

not interfere with their private spaces

HUGH RUSSELL Such a plan could be

prepared and shown to Mr Sullivan and it

could you know discuss it and come to an

understanding of what made sense and it can

be submitted to us or submitted as a

40

condition you know of the vote I think my

preference is since I dont hear you know

much opposition tonight there are details to

be worked out but the concept seems to be

acceptable So Id rather not you know

delay our approval by a month or six weeks

but Id like to have a process to make sure

that the details are worked out that

Mr Sullivan has consulted and has an

opportunity to discuss his matters with his

abutter And I think whats been represented

to us is that the outdoor space is more

diametric than the Zoning of the building and

its not surprising that we would do that

STEVEN WINTER Okay let me then --

let me take off the table confirming that the

leases -- to the tenant leases define whether

they can or cannot I think Im okay with

that And I concur Mr Chair with what you

41

had said but I do believe that we need to be

respectful of Mr Sullivans areas of

interest which are accessing the rear of his

house the height of the hedges the use of

the yard materials and its permeability that

are next to him and noise related

particularly the air conditioning unit I

think those are real concerns

GREGORY COLLING Sure

STEVEN WINTER I also agree this is

a great plan Its a wonderful use Its a

family that you know has been in Cambridge

for a long time and I think its -- and it

reuses a building in quite a nice way I

congratulate you on the design

GREGORY COLLING Thank you

STEVEN WINTER So yes I concur

And I wouldnt mind voting it appropriately

tonight to move it forward but I do want to

42

make sure that Mr Sullivan is taken care of

PAMELA WINTERS Could I just say

one thing I concur with what Steve just

said and particularly living so close to the

air conditioning that could be really

bothersome

GREGORY COLLING I understand

PAMELA WINTERS Yes And also the

height of the hedge just because Ive gone

through this myself you know this issue

myself You know do you have any idea as to

what kind of hedging or height you want to

put in there

GREGORY COLLING It would probably

be a hue thats shoulder height

PAMELA WINTERS Hues are great

And hues grow to be eight feet tall and

theyre inexpensive So that might be a good

choice

43

And I dont have any trouble with the

tandem parking so I just wanted to mention

that too

And also I think its important for the

abutter to get into you know if he has to

have some roofing done or something done on

the side of his house its important for him

to get into that little area

GREGORY COLLING Im sure that Li

would be amenable to working with Mark on

that

PAMELA WINTERS Great Okay

HUGH RUSSELL Its a practical

matter if its only the width between

Mr Sullivans house and the hedge it

appears to me the width of a kitchen counter

So its about two feet You cant actually

put a ladder up against the house in two

feet so theyre going to have to work

44

together And you know when I trim my

wisteria I put my ladder on my next-door

neighbors property and you know sometimes

I ask her and sometimes I assume the

permission thats been granted in the past

carries over You know if hes planning to

do some work it might be smart to maybe not

plant the hedge until the work is done if

that you know if that can be worked out as

an arrangement

GREGORY COLLING Well typically

the landscape work is the last piece thats

done so that might be something that we can

work out I think -- I wasnt aware that

Mark had a concern about the location of the

condenser and were certainly more than happy

to work with him and address any of his

concerns And Im sure Li you know shes a

great neighbor and I think that shed be more

45

than happy to address any of Marks concerns

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I propose that

we attach a condition that the air

conditioner be you know removed at some

distance from the property line

PAMELA WINTERS I agree

HUGH RUSSELL A distance maybe

being a width of the L on the half house

STEVEN COHEN If I could add one

comment about that condenser Frankly if

its a loud condenser moving it even that

distance isnt going to make an enormous

amount of difference I think the real key

to the condenser is not as much the location

but getting a quiet condenser And Im not

quite sure what the Cambridge noise ordinance

says about the noise level of condenser but

theyre available extremely quiet nowadays

and I dont know that its within our

46

jurisdiction to actually specify the decibel

level here But I think under the

circumstances and just being a good neighbor

with a fellow whos already expressed a

concern about it I think you would be well

advised to find an extremely quiet condenser

They cost a few bucks more but not a whole

lot more and it would make a world of

difference

As for the property line it is what it

is It is where it is Theres nothing we

can do to change that And frankly if the

tenants under the leases have rights to

outdoor space theres nothing that we can do

here to in any way compromise their rights

under those leases But maybe we can

encourage to do something about the noise

from the condenser

GREGORY COLLING I think thats

47

something thats -- that we certainly can

work with Mark on

STEVEN WINTER May I remind the

Chair just to be a timekeeper we are at

eight oclock We are at ten till eight and

just to remind the Chair that we are working

hard to stay on the schedule

HUGH RUSSELL So we can dilly

dally around for six minutes because

otherwise well have to take another break

But Ahmed did you want to say

something

AHMED NUR Okay I think most of

the points have been covered by my colleagues

definitely for the approval of this

renovation One concern that I share with --

and I think a lot of people said the same

thing but Im concerned with Mark Sullivans

case The rear of the house Im assuming

48

the shrubs the houses are too close So

wherever the property line might be for the

surveyors I mean trees outgrow and you dont

want to cover (inaudible) And obviously by

rule hes going to come down to chop it

Its his right to do that

GREGORY COLLING Right Theres an

access alley for servicing the facade of that

house on the property Theres about a three

foot path against the house

AHMED NUR And also I cant really

see whether that facade where the shrubs are

where the east or southern sun and if its

going to be eight foot tall it might block or

overshadow his kitchen or whatever it is near

the rear of the house

GREGORY COLLING I dont think the

hedge was planned to be eight feet

AHMED NUR Okay

49

MARK SULLIVAN May I speak

AHMED NUR Mark wants to speak

MARK SULLIVAN Just to make a

comment clear Im not interested in an eight

foot hedge either because I think the space

will look quite nice And as you folks have

summarized you know our concerns are

primarily noise some of which we can easily

work out with Lianne and some is mechanical

To be able to borrow an improved view would

be nice

HUGH RUSSELL Ready to act on this

Would someone like to put forward the motion

referring to the application for the specific

relief sought

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair Id like

to -- and fellow Board Members Id like to

make a motion that the application for a

Special Permit to convert a non-residential

50

structure to residential use to reduce the

amount of required parking and to occupy the

lot with more dwelling units than would be

allowed dimensionally The conventional C

Zoning District dimensional regulations be

allowed based on the findings of this Board

and also on conditions as discussed by this

Board Im not sure what they are at the

moment specifically but relating

specifically to conversations that he will

have with his immediate abutter relating to

concerns about lighting and sound and

landscaping details And maintenance access

rights over the property Thats the motion

BRIAN MURPHY So moved

H THEODORE COHEN Second

HUGH RUSSELL I heard Teds second

first

Is there discussion on the motion

51

All those in favor of the motion

(Raising hands)

HUGH RUSSELL All members voting in

favor And thats it

Thank you for a very clear presentation

and a great architectural job

GREGORY COLLING Thank you very

much

(A short recess was taken)

HUGH RUSSELL All right we can

begin now on the next item on the agenda

which is a discussion of a recommendation on

the Teague Petition on light trespass And

we had a public hearing and before we made

comments those comments were referred to the

staff And Jeff Roberts and other people on

the staff have thought about those and come

back with a written response to what we

brought to them So I think what wed like

52

to do is start with Jeff presenting the work

that hes done and the thinking and the

rationale behind it Then well ask

Mr Teague to respond to that and then we

will decide what were going to say to the

Council

So please proceed

JEFF ROBERTS Thank you Mr Chair

Jeff Roberts CDD

I just wanted to briefly go over mostly

just the proposed modifications which are in

the package that we sent to the Board It

starts following the text of the draft

recommendation On the text of the draft

recommendation itself is as we tend to do

sometimes we take the Boards comments and

form it into a draft recommendation And

certainly were all open to hearing the

Boards comments and suggestions about

53

revisions that we can then take back and

modify as the Board wishes But I wanted to

take a moment to go over some of the proposed

text that comes after -- the Zoning text that

comes after that in order to address some of

the questions because some questions have

come up since this came out We wanted to

try to address those right off the bat

In general the intent of the proposed

modifications is to retain the same overall

scope as the petition and to create some

clearer standards that rely less on

discretionary enforcement That was an issue

that the Planning Board raised at the last

hearing But one of the considerations that

we have is to keep within the scope of the

initial petition and not to deviate largely

from that scope which would require a

possible re-advertisement of the petition

54

The one particular issue thats come up

that we have -- I feel that we maybe havent

addressed fully is the question of how this

applies to existing lighting And this is

a -- this is an issue thats covered broadly

in Zoning by the state laws that enable

Municipal Zoning Rules and this comes from

Chapter 40A Section 6 of the state laws

which says -- and Im skipping a little bit

but basically says A Zoning Ordinance or

by-law shall not apply to structures or uses

lawfully in existence or lawfully begun but

shall -- before that Zoning change was

adopted but shall apply to any change or

substantial extension of such use to any

reconstruction extension or structural

change of such structure and to any

alteration of a structure to provide for its

use for a substantially different purpose or

55

for the same purpose in a substantially

different manner that was substantially

greater extent And thats the overall

framework within which the Zoning Ordinance

is written

In Cambridge the Zoning Ordinance we

also have Article 8 which is a which is a

general set of standards on non-conformity

which starts with that state law provision

and adds some other instances where for one

reason or another the City allows

non-conforming structures or non-conforming

uses to continue in certain specific ways

So based on this overall framework

its our understanding that whether the

original petition language were put forward

or in the case of the modified language it

would apply to new buildings new uses and

significant alterations that -- to buildings

56

or to lighting and would not compel existing

property owners who installed their lighting

you know in a way that was legal at the

time before this petition was advertised

would not compel them to change their

lighting or to take down any existing

fixtures

In fact the proposed text is meant to

clarify that the non-conformity rules

wouldnt necessarily apply to maintain an

existing non-conforming lighting light when

you do when you do significant alterations

to a building So its meant to clarify that

any change you make to a building to a use

or to the lighting on a building has to be

brought into conformance with what the new

regulations are

So thats just one overall piece And

then Id like to just take a quick step

57

through some of the -- what the provisions

actually are And it says it says Page 1

of 6 where it starts but its several pages

into the document Im sorry about the page

numbering

The first page covers the definitions

which are included thats included in the

original petition There are some small

changes for clarity and directness of

application Some additions borrowed

from other -- which weve borrowed a little

bit by looking at other Ordinances that had

been actually brought up at the public

hearings and Ive spent a little bit of time

looking through those and comparing the

standards that are proposed with standards

that are in existence in some other places

and some that might have been held up as

models And in particular thats the

58

standards having to do with the illuminance

rating and the illuminance and that factors

in later on So Ill just skip ahead with

that

On page 2 the applicability again

makes it clear where were enforcing these

standards which would be really any in any

instance where Zoning rules do apply And we

included some exceptions in response to the

Planning Boards comment about will this be

possibly too extensive or have unintended

consequences Some of these exceptions are

present in the original petition Some have

been added For instance in A where it

talks about city lighting thats a provision

thats suggested to make sure that the City

essentially doesnt get in its own way For

instance if there was a situation in a

public park where the neighbors were

59

concerned about safety and made a request to

the City to increase lighting the Citys

hands wouldnt then be tied by its own

Ordinance to be able to respond to that kind

of a public concern

Indoor lighting is included because I

think that in most other Ordinances the

illumination standards do specify outdoor

lighting Indoor lighting can be very

difficult to enforce If somebody put a lamp

in their window would you then have to take

a Zoning enforcement action Its a

difficult scenario in which to try to apply a

Zoning enforcement

And the abandon new provision was

actually one that was taken from -- which is

on page 3 I believe was taken -- it was a

suggestion thats included from other

Ordinances again to try to to the extent

60

possible facilitate the replacement of old

non-conforming fixtures with with newer

conforming fixtures and not to allow people

to use the fact that the light hasnt been --

its been sort of not on for a long time to

then do something that might not otherwise be

in conformance

The rest of page 3 makes it makes a

change in the language on the regulation to

clarify that whats being regulated are the

things that cause the light rather than light

itself thats being regulated It is more

straightforward in my opinion to regulate

physical fixtures and structures in a way

that can be directly observed and enforced

The overall regulation remains based on the

sort of the principle that was described by

the petitioner which is that you can

visually verify whether a light is -- is in

61

conformance or potentially not in

conformance And I think it was the Boards

suggestion that perhaps there could be a

recourse that then a property owner could

either then fix the problem or could provide

some evidence that the light actually is in

conformance with what those specific

standards are

We did I should note on again that

the burden really would be on the installer

And under B I think as well as A and C on

that page we can you know we can add the

text that the installer has demonstrated I

think that would be your reasonable standard

that was just as a clerical matter It was

just left out of the text

The -- there was a comment that about

the half a foot candle 05 foot candles and

in terms of whether that was a too high a

62

standard There are other -- there are

actually a range of standards that are used

in many other Ordinances They have

different standards that apply to different

zones and different districts and to be

consistent with the petition were trying to

figure out something that could apply

citywide So 05 may be you know may be on

the high end Other cities use 035 02

01 or sometimes as low as 005 but that

tends to be again where theres a

separation between residential districts and

non-residential districts And we can look

at that a little more or talk about that a

little more

And then I just wanted to make a

comment too because this was brought up in

723 thats retaining the existing text in

the Zoning I think there may have been some

63

confusion as to whether that is meant to

imply that this continues to only apply only

in Residence A B C and C1 districts which

is not the case The new regulations would

apply citywide If there was concern about

these regulations and whether or not they

would apply to other districts such as

Residence C-2 we could add Residence C-2 to

that list as an amendment to that text but

the petition didnt actually amend that text

so we left it we left it as is

Another consideration is to say that

the new regulation supersedes the old

regulation and maybe theres no need to have

it at all and it could be deleted

The next page on page 4 is -- it talks

about enforcement And this is again based

on the -- its the sort of core of the

petition that this should be a

64

complaint-driven enforcement There is a

general provision Article 9 of the Zoning

for a person to to request a Zoning

enforcement and this is just a way to

provide some more detail to that process

where in this particular case were looking

at this as a special case there would be a

process of recording a specific item and then

having the owner have a chance to respond and

then at that point being able to move forward

with other avenues of Zoning enforcement just

to provide opportunities where these issues

can be resolved in a straight forward manner

There is one note one comment that was

made to me that it says in 7242 the owner

of any property intends and it actually is

true that in the Zoning its not necessarily

a property owner but any aggrieved person

So it could be a renter who could file that

65

kind of complaint So that would be a

recommended change to this That is to say

instead of the owner of any property just any

individual could make that request

The rest of it is very similar to the

petition We did add one note that says that

just to -- I guess a clarifying note and

its on page 6 where the -- they talk about

parking regulations that the lighting must

conform to the requirements of Article 7

Again just to kind of button things up And

there was a question also that was raised

about I think outside of this it wasnt in

the petition but whether one foot -- what is

one foot candle be the appropriate standard

recommended standard for a parking lot And

its a question thats difficult to answer

but it it may be worth the Citys

consideration at some point --

66

HUGH RUSSELL When we do parking

lots half a free candle is the lowest level

You look at -- because the light is much

brighter under the luminaire theres a

minimum number and theres a ratio between

the brightest and the least bright portion

because of that ratio gets very high the eye

adjusts and so you have to keep that range

down But for that reason I would think

spilling a half a foot candle on somebody

elses property which is a reasonable

standard for a parking lot would be an

unreasonable spill standard And I think we

should not be allowed to spill as much light

as would allow your next-door neighbor to

have in a parking lot So maybe it should

be you know substantially lower and maybe a

02 setting you know And it certainly

worked under Ordinances where its 01 but

67

youre in more suburban locations where its

more easy to achieve that

MEMBER OF THE AUDIENCE Can you

turn the volume up on the microphone so we

can hear you better

HUGH RUSSELL Ill try to move

closer to the microphone You werent here

earlier when we were having the feedback

problems Im hoping we can go back to our

regular meeting room sooner rather than later

where its a little bit easier there

So sorry Jeff I interrupted you

JEFF ROBERTS Thats fine

I think thats actually a good point

to you know in order for me to stop and to

let the Board ask questions or respond

HUGH RUSSELL So I guess my

question is based on the public testimony

many people came in and they said theres

68

this awful wall pack that somebody put up a

while ago and its really annoying And what

Im hearing you say is that because of the

way that the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning

enabling network we cant we cant solve

that problem Is there a way to solve that

through the municipal lighting or should we

recommend to the Council that they pursue

that question Because to me its you know

having been the victim of wall packs in the

past and I got my neighbor to do a pretty

good job of fixing it eventually but I --

personally Im aware of that and I think we

heard this testimony And so is -- how do

you -- is it possible to deal with that if

you cant do it in Zoning some other way

JEFF ROBERTS Well Im not -- I

have to admit first that Im not an expert on

non-zoning legal matters but I can tell you

69

what Ive found in you know in just my

reading

Well first of all there is a

Municipal Code which is separate from the

Zoning Ordinance which doesnt it is not

established under Chapter 40-A but does

still have to adhere to any superseding state

laws or regulations so And again Im

not well enough versed in that to give

specific answers I -- but for you know

there is an examine in Cambridge for

example where you can look at the noise

ordinance in Cambridge where that is part of

the Zoning Code and its not part of the

Zoning Ordinance and its treated and

enforced in a you know different mechanism

I do know that because it was

recommended by the Board to look at other

examples that we have looked at Newtons

70

Newton Mass Code and they do have

requirements in their Zoning that apply to

you know new development new lighting but

they also have a light trespass provision

within their Ordinance on I believe its

miscellaneous finds and offenses that

discusses the amount of light trespass thats

allowed on an adjacent property And I

cant I cant say because I dont have any

firsthand examples whether thats been used

to enforce enforce an Ordinance on a

situation that was pre-existing I just

got -- actually I just got through one of

their former plans They had experience of

reviewing it through site plan review for

Zoning and making sure the lighting is

conforming that way but not whether there was

enforcement done in a different way

HUGH RUSSELL Do we have other

71

questions for Jeff

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

Jeff I think you did a great job The staff

did a great job And first Ill go back to

the last issue which is I would make a

recommendation or suggestion to City Council

or the staff that somebody ask the Law

Department because I think it is indeed a

problem under the Zoning Enabling Act to try

to deal with pre-existing non-conforming uses

or structures and that whether one could as

an analog to the noise ordinance adopt a

light ordinance at the site of Zoning which

might be immediately applicable to existing

uses

I -- the first question I have is in

your Section 723 where theres the

reference at the very end Proposed addition

shall conform to the requirements of Section

72

722 above

Is that intended to bring in the as

written currently not exceed one half foot

candle at any point beyond the property line

JEFF ROBERTS Yes That added

language I would characterize it as sort of

a buttoning up Just to make it clear that

723 doesnt supersede 722 but rather that

this is a sort of an additional set of -- and

it remains as additional set of standards and

requirements that -- but that 722 also

applies with regard to the shielding and the

spill --

H THEODORE COHEN Right right I

just wanted it to be clear in my mind that if

there were some spill under 723 but it did

not exceed the half foot candle or whatever

standard was ultimately agreed upon that

that would be okay

73

JEFF ROBERTS I -- as long as it --

yes if it meets all -- if it meets all the

standards If its only -- if it is

continuous and of indirect note and other

definitions but if its -- if it prevents

direct light from any other property and

shall conform -- oh Im sorry now I

understand what youre asking

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not view --

JEFF ROBERTS 723 supersedes 722

Well that may be that may be a concern I

guess if it is -- if that if that language

creates ambiguity --

H THEODORE COHEN Let me rephrase

it

JEFF ROBERTS Yes

H THEODORE COHEN My concern is

that we not -- in going after the people who

74

we really want to go after we are not making

every property owner every house owner who

has got a house you know with a light two

feet from their abutting property owners

property line is not going to be in violation

of this if it complies with whatever minimal

standard has been written into the Ordinance

And so as I read 722 if it wasnt more than

05 foot candle if you know that was okay

and I wanted to be clear that under 723 the

same standard would apply

JEFF ROBERTS Yes I would say that

is the intent But I think youve noted

something that could potentially being

resolved an ambiguity that could be resolved

by the text

H THEODORE COHEN Okay I dont

have the you know the knowledge or

background to say what the right level is

75

Ill have to take you know Hughs or

staffs determination of what is the proper

level

The comment you made on 7242

changing owner of any property to an

individual gives me some discomfort because

the way its been written now it relates as

you know a lot of Special Permits or Zoning

enforcement relates to aggrieved party within

300 feet or abutters to abutters and just

changing it to an individual is not tieing it

to some particular location And so I would

ask that you think about that again if you

want to go away from the owner of a property

that it somehow -- I mean I mean we dont

-- we want people who have a legitimate right

to be able to complain about it but not

necessarily someone whos a half mile away

saying oh I dont like the way that light

76

looks when I drive by So I would just be

careful about that

I had been concerned about the

overreach of everything under the original

language And I still am concerned about the

fact that if you can see it it can be deemed

a violation but I think the provision youve

written in here in 7242 ameliorates my

concerns a lot that there is this whole

process so that were not going to have

frivolous complaints being made or complaints

that you know neighbors versus neighbors

who just happen to be right next to each

other and saying well you know your porch

light is too bright because I can see it So

Im much more comfortable with that

TOM SIENIEWICZ I just have a

comment and a question Jeff and I also

wanted to compliment you on how carefully you

77

listened and how much better this is since

the last time we saw it I think its worth

emphasis that the issue of standing which is

sort of cemented in the law of Zoning really

be more carefully articulated here I too

am uncomfortable about straining from that

issue Its abutters and abutters to

abutters and the 300-foot radius is I think

what I would be looking for in terms of

aggrieved parties as a definition But the

thing that Im missing the most I think

from a nearly perfect redrafted section here

and looking at the Section 641 at the end

which is entitled Purpose made me think

that I was missing that in the illumination

section sort of just a general couple of

sentences at the beginning to say why are we

concerned about this in the city of

Cambridge And obviously were concerned

78

about the spilling of light on to adjacent

properties and the effect it might have on

the ability of those adjacent property owners

to enjoy their property And I think its

another thing missing And its interesting

that this diagram is up here on the screen

because the aggrieved party is gesturing at

the ground and looking at his neighbor But

actually theres another condition that the

section of the Ordinance could address which

is which is the night sky And I think that

thats another purpose of this Ordinance

which is to control the effective light

spilling up into the night sky which is an

issue of environmental concern increasingly

in this country and I think Cambridge should

take credit for and also highlight its

concern about the issue that light should not

unnecessarily spill into the night sky So I

79

really think the Ordinance and the diagram on

the right of the screen shows in fact the

lighting fixture thats doing both of those

things and thats correctly I think what we

should be concerned about And thank you

just two minor points

Thanks Jeff

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Well

first I want to say you talking about the

Rule of 40-A and the non-conforming

structures I think because this has come to

us from people who are dealing with this

problem now I would really like to see

included in your memo and the language that

you very carefully drafted with some changes

that my fellow board members that I think

articulated well Id like to see in our

memo a recommendation that City Council

really take up the approach that you

80

described Newton has which is that the

two-pronged approach The General Ordinance

to deal with the problem that is there now

where one property owner is creating a

nuisance for the other property owner so that

they can get some relief from existing

things but also that going forward we would

have that ongoing review and pro-active

dealing with this so that we dont create

those situations in the future

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes go ahead

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to agree

wholeheartedly with what you just said and

also I want to agree that I think we -- the

changes that you made to this from my

perspective are an improvement And I think

you hit upon a lot of the core issues that we

were concerned about The problem I think

81

that you have what you stated was within the

confines of a Zoning Petition You can only

change so much before it becomes something

else And I guess my recommendation would be

that the -- we actually look at with a

non-conforming piece it just -- its great

for new stuff but it doesnt do anything

about the current situation and I think

there may be some better mechanisms

So my recommendation would be that the

City really take this on but it actually

become a petition from -- that we work on to

get it right That would then you remember

at the first hearing I commented about the

fact that we probably -- it would be good to

have a consultant to help us with things half

of a lit candle versus something else And

if you had a city process where youre trying

to solve that you can do that So I think

82

as I said I think what this petition is

trying to do is very very good but Zoning

is always a proved mechanism to do it And I

am a little concerned Specifically I think

there is a -- Im concerned about what

constitutes a change Were talking about a

fixture versus a building so that -- and you

have the license that says if its new

construction yes But if youre altering or

changing it but what if you alter or change

the light fixture I mean that gets -- that

definition to me gets very unclear If a

light fixture is one light to the left and

they want to change it is that a change To

me it gets a little confusing The initial

standing I would agree also is the fact it

has to be and we just cant have people who

are renting and stuff like that this could

be a nightmare And I guess Im very

83

concerned about the the Section 2-point -- I

mean 7242 which is really the enforcement

piece And I think you will get a lot of

frivolous complaints They may not be

frivolous in the mind of the person

complaining but it may turn out to the

frivolous And even if it isnt frivolous

Im just concerned that it may get a lot I

mean the poor superintendent of buildings is

just going to get a lot of this stuff And

you know you get a complaint you have to

determine that the complaints valid Im

just concerned about that So I think you

know Municipal Code andor Zoning

combination just has a better approach to me

to solving as opposed to trying to just doing

it all

And thats all

PAMELA WINTERS Thanks Hugh

84

Is this on Im just curious I dont

know what a foot candle is How many watts

like for a bulb is it

JEFF ROBERTS Thats hard to say

So Ill try to do this in very laymens

terms Theres -- in lighting theres such

thing as theres luminance and then theres

illuminance And luminance is like your

bulb So if you have a 60-watt light bulb

thats -- I think somewhere around to

determine like 850 900 luminance which is

the -- because wattage is always different

depending on what kind of light you have

You measure the brightness of the light in

luminance and thats just the point source

of light

Illuminance means how much light youre

casting on something thats away So what --

the light that just that bulb is casting on

85

the floor or the wall is called illuminance

And its measured in -- foot candles are kind

of a weird unit I actually dont know how

it came about but its also I believe

equivalent to luminance per square foot So

its like imagining a light sort of creating

a wash over over a surface So its really

the intensity of the light spread over a

surface that its that its shining on So

you basically measure it and you use whats

called a lux meter You cant measure it if

you have sort of a room where you can just

turn on one light source you can hold up a

lux meter and get a reading on what the

illuminance is thats being a -- what that

means is that the further you get away from

the light source the illuminance or the foot

candles goes down And I should say too

and this could be a technical point that was

86

made to me and addressed to me that the

illuminance is generally as a technical

standard is measured horizontally against the

ground and vertically on a you know sort of

up and down direction And that could be

also clarified in the Zoning I think as a

technical point just to make sure its

consistent with what the professional

standards are

PAMELA WINTERS Well I was just a

little bit concerned about 723 because I

know in our house we have a driveway that the

front unit uses and we do too And also we

have our back unit And if we didnt have

the lighting up there we have sort of a

two-pronged lighting fixture one which goes

to the driveway and one which goes into

behind the gate in our backyard It would

it would really it would be pitch black

87

there and it would cause real security

issues But again its like we use --

like I dont know 50-watt bulbs so I dont

know what candle measurement would be but

you know we do try to you know we shine it

on those particular areas But Im sure some

of it you know does get reflected to some

of the neighbor -- I dont know

You know we also have an arbor and we

would put up Christmas lights around the

arbor all year actually and so -- we also

have plighting in the trees in our yard

HUGH RUSSELL Night sky

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah -- no no no

because the trees block the you know just

the trees block the --

STEVEN COHEN Youre going to jail

PAMELA WINTERS Yeah maybe I

shouldnt have said anything Anyway so I

88

guess I have an issue about that So I dont

know do you have any comments on that

JEFF ROBERTS No I mean I

think --

STEVEN COHEN Walk away

JEFF ROBERTS Youve done a good

job of I think illustrating the complexity of

enforcing these regulations in a way

thats --

PAMELA WINTERS I know

JEFF ROBERTS -- this sets you

know a clear set of standards and is as a

complaint-driven enforcement mechanism So

if you went up and uninstalled that light and

if you were you know installing that you

know whatever after the Zoning was

advertised and someone had a complaint with

it they would hopefully come to you first

and see if you could redirect it and you

89

know kind of give you their permission that

its okay But if not they could you know

they could -- if your light was not you

know shielded as its been described and

pointed downwards they could take a photo of

it send it to the Building Commissioner and

they could then they could ask you to verify

that your lighting is within the acceptable

parameters

PAMELA WINTERS Poor Building

Commissioner Boy Anyway go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Steve you want to

go

STEVEN WINTER Mr Chair may I

speak

HUGH RUSSELL Go ahead

STEVEN WINTER Thank you

Mr Chair I simply wanted to concur that

with the general direction that the

90

conversation is going I concur with my

colleagues And I also would like to echo

the sentiment that the presentation of the

Zoning and the side bar Jeff the

explanations in them have made this a really

good exercise Jeff thank you for that

HUGH RUSSELL Id like to comment

that first several board members havent

spoken yet and secondly we have the

proponent of the original petition before us

who has studied the subject and studied the

proposal before us and I think we need to

listen to him And we have other members of

the public here And since theres something

substantially different in our

recommendation we need to listen to them

So I think Steve and Ahmed and I have

some comments too

STEVEN COHEN Jeff to the extent

91

that this is technical I dont have the

technical experience or knowledge to second

guess you And you seem to have made

yourself an expert in this area of lighting

over the passed few months But in general

on technical matters Im very much inclined

to defer to the analysis and research and

thought and efforts by you and the staff So

I think that youve done great on that The

thing to me thats most interesting and just

understand most important is this whole

question of non-conformity To the extent

that all of this is just prospective I think

it works reasonably well from every

perspective and including from an enforcement

perspective Its the non-conformities I

just want to ask you a little bit more about

first of all just under 40A6 as

interpreted as applied here what sort of

92

changes would would bring a fixture out of a

legal non-conforming status Clearly

replacing the fixture its got to be brought

up to Code If youre making changes

alterations to the structure other than the

fixture does that at any point trigger a

requirement

JEFF ROBERTS Well it could And

thats the way weve essentially written it

to try to be as encompassing in scope as

possible to not provide any kind of

non-conformity exceptions that would allow

someone whos making an alteration that

requires a Building Permit or even an

Electrical Permit to install to install new

lighting To utilize the non-conformity

rules to be able to leave something up

thats not conforming

STEVEN COHEN So Im not sure Im

93

understanding what youre saying So if

somebodys making a substantial change and --

but it doesnt involve the fixture are you

saying they do have to bring it into

conformity

JEFF ROBERTS If we -- in the

proposal that weve written --

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS -- and we have

specified that And if you do specify that

you can require that a property owner do

that

STEVEN COHEN And as youve

proposed it here what is the trigger point

I mean what is the extent of change that

would trigger the requirement

JEFF ROBERTS It would essentially

be that if youre it would be -- at least

the enforcement path would be you need to get

94

a permit for -- from Inspectional Services

to to make an alteration to the building or

to change the use of the building in a way

that it falls within that definition of where

Zoning regulations can apply And thats

and theres -- and its sort of laid out in

Article 8 of the Zoning It says that any

alteration to the exterior of the structure

any alteration of the structure to

accommodate a different use substantially

different use than whats there at the time

and any enlargement of a use those are

those are the types of things or any

enlargement of a building those are the

types of things that you then have to if you

do that you have to comply with Zoning

STEVEN COHEN So bear with me I

wanted to work through this a little bit If

Im adding an addition to my house then my

95

lighting must -- all of the lighting must

comply If Im adding a window to my

existing house do I have to bring lighting

into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS If its just a

replacement of an existing window

STEVEN COHEN Say Im enlarging an

opening or adding a new window

JEFF ROBERTS Right Then that

would trigger a Zoning review for Zoning

compliance --

STEVEN COHEN So it has to be

brought into compliance

JEFF ROBERTS Right So thats the

way its currently written again to try to

maintain the expansiveness and the scope of

the petition thats been proposed But the

Zoning could specify could be more specific

about where you do and where you dont

96

require that lighting be brought into

conformance with the Zoning Code

STEVEN COHEN I mean obviously

youve put some thought into this and this is

what youre recommending Do you have any

concern that that might be an overly broad

requirement basically anybody doing anything

with their house other than painting or

repairs theyre going to have to bring all

their lighting into compliance Its more

than grandfathering everything Its not as

much as the proponents originally wished for

which is apply everywhere today I mean

whats your thought Do you see -- do you

have any concerns about this or are you

pretty comfortable and confident about that

recommendation

JEFF ROBERTS I would say that

there are concerns about that Its

97

generally more strict than in other aspects

of Zoning where you may be allowed to

maintain an existing non-conformity as long

as the work -- thats sort of what I meant

when I referred to Article 8 Article 8 has

certain rules that say that you can if you

do some work that doesnt affect an existing

non-conformity then you can sort of keep

that non-conformity And the question is

really whats the desired outcome Is it to

just allow lighting to be replaced with

better lighting during the -- you know

during the natural course of its life Is

it you know burns out or no longer

functional or when youre -- or just when

youre building new buildings Or is it to

try as quickly as possible to bring as much

lighting as possible into conformance with

whats with whats desired

98

And I guess I can try to characterize

who because Ive had conversations with the

Building Commissioner the Superintendent

about what the what the impact is going to

be in terms of enforcement and it does

require some more strict requirements for

someone whos for instance you know just

changing the use of a building If they have

an office building and theyre putting in a

restaurant and they dont really want to

touch the outside of the building

Inspectional Services would still demand that

they show a lighting plan with all of their

existing lighting And if it doesnt

conform then show a plan that you know pay

whatever it costs to bring it into

compliance

STEVEN COHEN Just a couple more

quick questions

99

Again on the question of

non-conformity you know it struck me that

you know while some people might consider to

be onerous to have -- to bring all the

lighting up to compliance that maybe there

might be some basis for distinction between

commercial and residential uses And even

with residential perhaps between you know

multi-unit and structures and say three

families or smaller just a thought about

that possible distinction

And I guess one final thought unless

Im mistaken if my memory serves me

correctly the sign code and the sign

ordinance which I think is part of the

Zoning my recollection is that there is

there was something in there when it was

originally passed essentially a sunset type

law that for certain kinds of non-conforming

100

signs they were permitted to remain in

existence but only for a limited period of

time I dont know how that slipped under

40A unless maybe the sign ordinance deemed to

be non-zoning or under the police power or

something but it if Im right in my

recollection it might offer another avenue

for thought in the way of dealing with

non-conforming uses

WILLIAM TIBBS Can I just real

quick just as a follow up to just what you

were just saying I just -- I just want to I

guess you remind us that process-wise the

petitioner made a petition we made comments

and Jeff was trying to write stuff relative

to our comments I didnt want you to feel

that Jeff was making a recommendation back to

us Hes just making recommendations and to

us -- hes just trying to get some writing

101

which reflects what he thought he was hearing

which I thought he did a very good job of

This isnt a proposal from the City to us

Its really a proposal as to how to change

the language within the parameters of the

permit process

STEVEN COHEN I see

WILLIAM TIBBS He has limits to

what he can do

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Thank you

Jeff you dont have to answer these

right now but I just want you to basically

give it a thought or maybe consider if its

not I really couldnt find the language but

I was wondering about lights and dynamics in

motion Such as the city grows in night with

cyclists that we have all these flashing

lights that are head on with cars and we

102

have the City of Cambridge -- we had the City

had after market head lamps you know you

see one thats manufactured correctly thats

illuminating beautifully and youll see a

tiny light of maybe even like a one foot

candle you know combination and also facing

the wrong way kind of blinding people so on

and so forth so I just thought of have you

thought about with traffic Thats one

And second comment that I wanted to

make is as engineers when we build buildings

we tend to have lights blend in with the

indoor or outdoor environment You know for

example if we were to put up a tile in a

sonar or something we would put the lighting

in first and then put the tile in so then we

can see the shadow it produces on the tile

You know as opposed to installing the tile

first and then putting the light in So

103

have you considered or will you consider the

architectural impact the lights might have on

an environment How hot it is in there

What type of material it is And is it

bundled material if the lights are shining on

a bundled material produce a shadow you

know type

Thats all

HUGH RUSSELL Okay I have four

comments I think its important that we not

restrict the complaint process to owners of

property because if youre a tenant in say

a multi-family building and youre aggrieved

because somebody -- you may be impossible to

convince the owner of your apartment building

to bring a complaint and there could be many

reasons why the owner might not

I think you mentioned the abutters and

abutters to abutters in Cambridge but maybe

104

expanding that to allow people who are at

least tenants to also bring those complaints

Historical note dark sky The largest

telescope in the world was located in

Cambridge Massachusetts in about 1855 And

that instrument is still in Cambridge

although its utilities have been somewhat

diminished both because its only 15 inches

in diameter and secondly the parking lot

lights around the observatory cut off three

magnitudes of what they can see through it

and the night sky I think we should

recommend the City in its consideration of

light trespass really need to hire experts

And I mean uses have repeatedly that think

the CE Department has the technical expertise

to really get the fine grain I think we do

not have that expertise and thats just

going to have to be part of the process And

105

I wouldnt want to hold up the enactment of

the Zoning piece but it might be that well

come back and say no youve got to make some

small adjustments to the Zoning in the

context of the other one We can do that

Fourth point is what triggers the

clients And I want to remind people of the

yellow sheet that we now get In order to do

almost anything to a house in the city

because almost every house is non-conforming

the exterior of the house has to go before

the Zoning Board and so you might want to

write in that when you make the trip to the

Zoning Board youve also got to demonstrate

that youre lighting

Changing light fixtures in the context

of a renovation plan isnt the huge part of

the plan but it might have a big impact on

the results to some of the people And if

106

the Zoning Board was also looking at that

these questions and asking those questions

during their reviews we might get some more

places where we -- that would be in effect

H THEODORE COHEN Just one

clarifying Jeff Im sorry In 723

theres a reference any permanent lighting

permitted by the pre-exempt shall be shall be

continuous and direct etcetera etcetera

Many of us have outdoor lighting for

driveways and porches that are on motion

detectors so that theyre only on when

somebody is entering or leaving is that

does the word continuous mean that things

like that would not be permitted

JEFF ROBERTS That was a question

that crossed my mind as well but not really

something that was included in the scope of

the petition so I didnt I didnt look into

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that very closely to see how they enforce it

I dont believe that a motion sensor light is

considered a non-continuous light I think a

non-continuous light refers to flashing or

strobe I guess

HUGH RUSSELL You mentioned at some

point that possibly 723 (inaudible) is one

provision in it that it talks about the

decorative lighting that might be added in

the 722 list of things of exceptions And

as I think if -- we had several discussions

about what how do these two things work

together and youre thinking I think that

you could probably just delete 723 so that

that confusion didnt come up And take

whatevers in it that isnt in the rest of it

and put it in the rest

Okay if we are complete with our

comments Id like Mr Teague to critique us

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CHARLES TEAGUE You dont really

want me to critique you

WILLIAM TIBBS Sure Briefly

critique us

CHARLES TEAGUE Im on the ten

minute clock here Charles Teague 23

Edmunds Street and you have caught me out

This was a Band-Aid This was going to be a

quick thing despite and despite being a

quick thing by attorneys engineers

architects lighting experts so you know

it looks trivial to small amount of changes

but it was subtle The last time we were

here there was a question of as why you could

see the light elements on the pitches of good

lights And thats because you can see the

elements on the pitches of good light if

youre standing where the light is supposed

to be and you cant see it where light is not

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supposed to be And so and yes all your

discussion about -- so I spent an hour on the

phone with the firm who is the town the

towns -- the solicitors for the town of

Ashland reviewed their sunset clauses Its

a Municipal Code And yes the proper

lighting ordinance is in the Municipal Code

Everybody stuffs it in the Zoning where you

run into the grandfathering problem So once

you get out you can do the sunset clauses

you can expire something after ten years

And he showed me the examples on the signs

And so yeah this is all wrong We

shouldnt spend a lot of time on this We

should have just got it over with you know

two years ago but here we are So Im not

exactly -- so just on process you had a long

discussion of process the last time And now

this is gone through the Ordinance Committee

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CDD was there participated Was referred

favorably to the full Council I say its

not the time for a major rewrite And the

trouble I have is that theres major

differences outcomes and a lot about

enforcement and a lot about grandfathering

What I tried to do very -- and we -- its

basically because as Jeff astutely pointed

out is that he used an entirely different

method He refers to the fixture I refer

to the light And he thought it was more

clear to refer to the fixture but once you

do that youre explicitly grandfathering

everything And I was trying to see if we

can if we can sneak by And because this

was supposed to be a quick fix And then

youre supposed to go off and do a real

Municipal Ordinance with real professionals

and a real budget which I dont have

111

The reason why its important and lets

go back public health public safety

Theres the safety of too much light versus

too little light We had expert testimony on

health direct light or we just went over

why the visible and good lights And the

scope and were afraid of this wipe of

enforcement Enforcement one of the things

about enforcement is that if its simple you

can handle more stuff But simplicity I

lets say people dont go down to the

Building Commissioner and ask him to enforce

things They come to community meetings and

theyre really upset and they ask me And

thats how enforcement works in my

neighborhood And its Charles Teague that

goes down to the Building Department

Theres not a lot of enforcement in Zoning

going on And so and it comes through you

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know the neighborhood experts So and then

theres the whole grandfather issue

So there we go Theres the good

light You can -- I took this picture

consciously so that you could see the

lighting elements and then youve got the arm

under the Mount Auburn Hospital and Im on

their property in their driveway and thats

good light And theres the area to be lit

So anyways what were trying to avoid

is legal And we dont want neighbors suing

neighbors but they can They can sue under

the nuisance on their reasonable use and

enjoyment And so the lawyers I talked with

just gone through this in Lincoln They sued

because there was -- the town wouldnt

enforce the one line of the Zoning Ordinance

and they also sued under nuisances There

were other things in the case but its the

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fees in the six figures They started in

2008 They finished their trial this March

in 2013 and he says the decision could take

two years So this is not what we want the

citizens of Cambridge to have to do to get

relief

And so back to grandfathering Granted

if youre replacing light thats fine Its

not grandfathered And the key is the

burden And its its the same Its

basically the same to put up a good light as

a bad light Bulb replacement you know I

dont know sometimes to replace a bulb is

you know in this day and time its just as

hard -- easy to replace the whole fixture if

you have to go up high and bring up a crane

and all that stuff

So but my thesis and we dont know

whether this will work but this was the

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attempt and this was why I defined an

entirely different than the way Jeff defined

it is the light requires predicate acts

You have to switch it on You have to pay

the bill You have to change the bulb

Those are conscious acts that you do

otherwise the light wouldnt be doing bad

things And lastly you know if we actually

go and memorialize that all existing lights

are grandfathered theres a bunch of lights

out there that could have been enforced

They are in violation The trouble were

missing is the explicit definitions and we

could have gone through the appeal process

through the BZA or to Superior Court and we

could have got some resolution So there

still is another path to getting resolution

But going back to the previous slide it

isnt really something you want neighbors to

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be doing

So this is this is a commentary from

Bobrowski who wrote the handbook on land use

And hes talking about the restrictions on

the site the external restrictions And

hes talking about how theres no reported

(inaudible) decisions on the grandfather

section So but hope springs the term But

at this end this was never meant to be such a

process It was supposed to be a quick fix

get in and get out and then hopefully a real

lighting ordinance would happen but I cant

do the real lighting ordinance

So the building -- we sat down with

Councillor van Beuzekom and I sat down with

the Building Commissioner and he says he can

enforce the Teague Petition When they go

and they basically do light enforcement by

asking nicely And the next thing is so you

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cant see the bulb They have people adjust

the lights so you cant see the bulb which

is basically what I wrote I memorialized

And he didnt really know how many Zoning

violations but its a small number And he

asked CDD to consult the Law Department on

the whole grandfathering thing So thats

supposed to be in process But not with my

not with my legal theory

But anyways on -- he looked at CDD

petition He had a series of -- to my --

because Im the neighborhood enforcer

because people come to me I go down to the

Building Department and so I sort of know how

they work And so I went down with Ranjit

He goes well thats nice but we dont have

staff at night So he didnt like the

illumination definition He goes we dont

staff at night We dont have instruments

117

We dont know how to use them

On pulling a Building Permit he would

say well wed actually have to go down there

and look to see if there were actual bad

lights where now people bring in plans

Which you could require a plan for I dont

know you know putting on your dog house or

something but I dont know when external

plans are required But then he went on in

his very practical concern its a lot of --

on the change of use its not going to get

triggered very often because so often he says

they dont need a Building Permit to change

the use So on the aging out of fixtures

he goes he says theres no way we can know

when that fixture was last gone He didnt

like those ones where this where its

referring to the bulb And then there was a

section which said on the certificate of

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occupancy you would actually have to get

plans And he goes well often times a

homeowner comes down hes going to sell his

house or getting a new insurance policy and

theyll want to give them a Certificate of

Occupancy and this is an onerous expense for

so many So -- and then they have an

existing process So what happens is they

get a complaint in they run over there they

look at the thing and they come back and

they make it and they make their decision

And they send out their letters And either

theyre gonna decide to enforce or not

enforce Either person can appeal within 30

days After 30 days its final his decision

is final The Zoning Ordinance Section 1021

says its a $50 fee Their sheet says $100

Ill have to speak to him about that But I

spoke today its six weeks to get a hearing

119

And we have an experienced guy And Ive

seen you guys spend hours and hours resolving

neighborhood -- you send them in the back

room and they come back out Its even at

one in the morning you guys are working this

stuff out Ive seen them do it for a

garbage shed whether the garbage shed could

have a roof on it or not

Now Ranjit didnt like 722A because

only the BZA could issue a Variance So so

then the Kelly Beady guy came in with some

foot candle things just a whole bunch of

details But thats really thats really

Im under my ten minutes right All set

So my final thing is what I would

suggest I would suggest -- well I suggest

the correct answer is the municipal lighting

and we all know that And thats the way it

should be done So I suggest that As for

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this I think this is a major change Its a

change in how its basic fundamental premise

of how its defined and it has these

implications in enforcement because it

requires because now it requires

instrumentation and people at night and

implications in terms of grandfathering

Grandfathering I dont know maybe weve

got 10 percent or 20 percent shot but under

the other way of defining it its zero It

absolutely nails down every existing light

So I would suggest that that petition -- the

other version is so different I dont think

its -- and were at the end of the process

I dont think it should be substituted If

you guys decide to submit it as a Planning

Board petition that would be okay but I

would not I would not I think theyre just

too fundamentally different creatures

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Thank you

WILLIAM TIBBS Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I find this very interesting because

the -- I know I have problems with the

petition as written and even though Jeffs

efforts were very valiant in trying to

incorporate some of our concerns in it I

think Mr Teague has just shown that new

position still has a lot of problems

associated with it So I think unless we

have a process that comes up with something

that is been thought through and worked out

I think I really have a problem with the

petition as it was (Inaudible)

HUGH RUSSELL That last sentence

confused me I didnt hear it I guess Did

you say that you had a problem with the

122

Teague petition or you didnt have a problem

with it

WILLIAM TIBBS I have a problem

with the Teague petition as written and

Jeffs attempts to write different language

which would help solve some of the problems

we all discussed But I think Mr Teague is

just saying that he doesnt feel that the --

he feels that those changes -- actually

changes it enough so that its a very

different thing And even his presentation

shows some of the complexities particularly

as you talk to other city officials with the

CDD version of his petition So its

problematic and I think to me its just very

very clear that its an issue that I think we

all feel its something we should try to

tackle but we should just tackle in a

different way whether its a Planning Board

123

petition Council petition or something And

I know the concern that we had earlier was

that you know these things just take a

long long time and was it something that we

could quickly pass and then work on later

But Im not comfortable with that approach

For me I -- Ill let the other board members

speak for themselves

HUGH RUSSELL Im with you on

the -- I would not want to recommend the

Teague petition to the Council And I would

not do any action want -- I wouldnt want to

just avoid the question because then the

Council might feel that if were not

responding to it we wouldnt respond So my

preference is to ask the staff to tweak the

language based on what theyve heard tonight

and forward the revised language to the

Council and to -- with a discussion that says

124

that this is the best we can do in the time

available Its a very complicated issue

and that they should you know and then

theyll have to decide do they want to put

something in place now Do they want to

postpone it Do they want to engage in a

process of writing a Municipal Ordinance

And it seems to me those kinds of questions

are the questions that the Council you know

were offering advice as to what we think can

be done within the Zoning Ordinance and were

offering our comments that we were pretty

content with whats proposed but we

understand its not perfect Now --

WILLIAM TIBBS I think you need to

quantify we

HUGH RUSSELL Thats quite right

and Im not sure everybodys there

Also there are other people who would

125

like to speak and I think we ought to hear

them So maybe we should hold our comments

until that happens

So well agree to the three minute

standard for comments

TOM SIENIEWICZ Mr Chair

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

TOM SIENIEWICZ Im sorry just one

point Did not Mr Teague say that he would

not support the altered drafting of this

piece of Zoning couldnt support it Was

that what he was indicating he was

withdrawing his petition I had that sense

I dont know

HUGH RUSSELL No I think what

hes saying is we submit our recommendation

to Council he was going to speak against

that recommendation and certainly thats his

right And Council has to decide make that

126

decision I mean -- were not proposing this

as a friendly amendment Were proposing

this as a recommendation from this Board

based on the language we have

CHARLES TEAGUE Just to clarify I

was actually hoping you would recommend the

Teague petition because the last time we were

here because --

HUGH RUSSELL Yes you made that

argument

CHARLES TEAGUE Right

HUGH RUSSELL I understand that

Thank you

So on our list the first person is

Kenneth Taylor of 2 Craigy Street

KENNETH TAYLOR Im Ken Taylor 2

Craigy Street Ive listened to what the

Planning Board has said before Ive heard

public complaints and public interest about

127

making changes I see Mr Teagues petition

I understand there are issues related to

that I see the Community Developments

response to your request to comment on that

and improve it My reaction as a layman is

that if you pass -- if you recommend the CD

proposal you risk memorializing

grandfathering the violation of the Zoning

Ordinance which was passed in 1962

Now one question that perhaps Jeff

could explain to me is in the State Code you

quoted Shall lawfully in existence any

condition lawfully in existence

Since 1962 there have been hundreds and

thousands of code violations that have never

been enforced Now does the fact that they

have not been enforced means -- mean that

theyre lawful And does that give them

legitimacy In the case of making Zoning

128

changes I know of a condition where an

existing house I was going to buy had a curb

cut for a driveway that was too close to an

intersection of a public street And it was

non-conforming and it was grandfathered until

you made a change And it was non-conforming

until the code was changed The codes never

been changed on this A six-story building

apartment house built in 1940 probably had

incandescent lights to begin with if any at

all And then in 1960 they added more

powerful incandescents In 1970 they added

sodium vapor In 2012 they added HID Now

probably every one of those except the

incandescent was in violation of the Zoning

Ordinance So my question to you is what

permits grandfathering among all these

violations that have existed for that many

years Is it because the City chose not to

129

enforce the law Thats a general question

Secondly Im confused about the

recommendation about 723 If I understood

it correctly Jeff you said that you can

delete the paragraph altogether because all

of the Zoning applies to all of the city So

if I understand that theres no special

provision for residential areas and so it

doesnt make any difference I dont

understand why theres this paragraph if

youre going to enforce this Zoning Ordinance

throughout the entire city If that isnt

the case I think you need to at least expand

the language If youre seriously trying to

cover these residential zones you need to

expand the language to cover the edges of

these zones which are impacted by other

districts adjacent to the buildings in other

districts should not be allowed to impact on

130

these residential zones

I think the final question it seems to

me which I believe is related and again I

havent talked to Mr Teague about this is

related to the issue of the whole basis for

the Zoning Ordinance If its based on the

light source rather than the fixture then

theres no reason why you can ask existing

owners either to conform with the new code or

to reduce the wattage in their fixture to the

extent possible to the minimum to bring it in

as close to conformance as possible And

that would mean that a 400-watt HID bulb

could be a 100-watt HID bulb And that would

significantly reduce the problem without

causing an owner to replace the fixture

PAMELA WINTERS Sir your time is

up

KENNETH TAYLOR Excuse me

131

PAMELA WINTERS Your time is up

KENNETH TAYLOR Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Theres some

provocative questions there but I think well

just get through some of the comments and

then go there

Second person was Jo M Solet

JO M SOLET Thank you for your

attention Jo M Solet 15 Berkeley Street

I would like to first of all second

what you heard from Mr Taylor I think we

do not want to confer legitimacy on lights

existing lights that are now in violation

And if you doubt that they are there I can

tell you the light about which I spoke to you

at our last meeting I did have the city come

and look at it They told me it was in

violation and they actually and Mr Sean

OGrady told me when I had found all the

132

lights in violation in my neighborhood I

could call him back And I have that in

writing by e-mail So I didnt feel it was

my job to do that but if it will help

Mr Taylor who doesnt live that far away

from me and I will -- well find the

violations and make sure that theyre not

grandfathered for you

I do think there is a backlog of

unconcern about this problem Im also

surprised about the what I see as a hardship

concern about the violators It seems to me

that changing a bulb or adding a hood to an

existing light is not that serious a

hardship And if we discover that there are

folks who have a hardship then maybe we

should be charging for violations and using

the money to help those who have a hardship

come into compliance It could be done

133

Because our concern includes health and

safety the grandfathering piece is really a

serious one because it would leave in place

the things that are currently affecting

health and safety and I want to offer a nod

to Mr Russell and to Mr Sieniewicz for

raising the night sky issue and add that in

talking about this city lighting issues with

the Circadian rhythm experts and the sleep

division at Harvard Medical School

Another issue that was raised was that

of wildlife If you doubt that wildlife is

at issue here imagine when you are taking a

neighborhood and basically giving up night

Youre making it light all the time In our

neighborhood on Berkeley Street within the

passed couple of weeks sighted have been a

grey fox turkeys deer raccoons raccoons

during the day by the way because its day

134

all the time and maybe they dont know when

they should be sleeping rabbits moles and

opossums So theyre confused about when

its night and day and thats not good for

us People are confused about it too

Thanks for your time

STEVEN COHEN Mr Chair Im sorry

if I might interrupt for just a moment Both

of the first two speakers made reference to

lighting being in violation And if there is

some sort of a regulation of existing

lighting thats something that Im unaware

of that I havent heard come out

HUGH RUSSELL Okay

So Jeff is it correct that paragraph

723 is part of the Ordinance now

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

Mr Chair and excuse me for not reviewing

my -- my sort of shorthand of Zoning changes

135

So all of the underlying portions are the

changes to the Ordinance page -- on page 3

the portion under 723 line item 723 is not

there but that paragraph underneath it

constitutes the entirety of current Section

720 of the Zoning Ordinance So that is

currently in the Ordinance The petition

proposed to leave it in the Ordinance and --

HUGH RUSSELL And how long has it

been in the Ordinance

JEFF ROBERTS I do not know the

answer to that question

HUGH RUSSELL A long time right

JEFF ROBERTS Its been for

sometime And any -- it was not during the

ten years that Ive been here So the -- so

any lighting that was established since that

time thats found to be in violation and I

think this -- I wont sidetrack But any

136

lighting thats known to be in violation or

found to be in violation of that Ordinance

since that time will -- its considered

illegally non-conforming Its not -- it

doesnt have a legal conforming status just

because it was ignored And therefore it --

this the proposed -- whether the under the

proposed text or the modified text the new

Zoning would not confer any special -- new

special status towards lighting that was in

violation at the time that it was installed

HUGH RUSSELL Okay So what were

saying is that outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 Districts since

this was put in the Ordinance which I

believe is quite was probably decades ago

is -- do you know exactly

KENNETH TAYLOR Yes the historian

for Community Development informed my wife

137

that there have been no changes in the

lighting ordinance since it was originally

written So that goes back to the original

text of the Ordinance

H THEODORE COHEN When was that

HUGH RUSSELL I do not believe this

paragraph goes back to 1924

KENNETH TAYLOR No no 1962

HUGH RUSSELL 62 So thats the

date

KENNETH TAYLOR Thats when the

Ordinance was written

HUGH RUSSELL The Ordinance was

written in 1920 --

KENNETH TAYLOR Its a 50-year-old

Ordinance It hasnt been changed since

HUGH RUSSELL Sir the Ordinance

was written in 1924 There were major

revisions in 1943 and 1962 And then since

138

1970 the Ordinance has perhaps quadrupled in

size to the establishment of special

districts The question is when did this

paragraph show up And I believe the answer

that youre trying to tell me 1962 So that

says -- so if you will allow me to finish my

thought here that says that in those

districts that are enumerated a light that

shines a direct light on an adjacent

property is not grandfathered

JEFF ROBERTS Thats correct

HUGH RUSSELL Now that doesnt

help the people in Residence C-2 Districts

and I believe some of the testimony before us

were people who are in those districts But

so that -- so by this little discussion weve

learned that in you know a substantial

portion of the city someone should be able to

go down today and get enforcement And so

139

therefore it probably is a reason to -- you

may want to make that clearer in the

Ordinance that this standard as we talk

about enforcement and grandfathering that

this was the standard Anything thats in

conformance doesnt have legal non-conforming

status That would I believe that helps

Now Id like to continue with the

hearing and Marjorie Williams of Green Street

do you wish to speak Or is it Marjorie

Wellens (phonetic)

MARILYN WELLENS You mean Marilyn

Wellens

HUGH RUSSELL Do you live at 651

Green Street

MARILYN WELLENS I do

HUGH RUSSELL Im sorry I couldnt

read your writing but I certainly know you

MARILYN WELLENS Yes So my name

140

is Marilyn Wellens and I live at 651 Green

Street We abut a Business B-1 District on

Massachusetts Avenue The building at 1030

Massachusetts Avenue was recently con --

within the last year and a half two years

was converted from office to lab use And

the Zoning Ordinance considers these

equivalent uses I can assure you that they

are not neither for lighting nor for noise

nor for height The reason Im here is that

weve had quite a lesson in this in modern

technology and the way that Cambridge is

going over the last two years So that I

have Im afraid scattered notes in response

to some of the Boards comments and I

havent put them in any particular order so

if you will indulge me I will just sort of

speak out

I would say that the matter is urgent

141

that Mr Teague has brought to the Board and

the Council and the Citys attention The

strain of trying to have quiet enjoyment of

ones property is very difficult And I

would suspect that the places where it is

possible are rapidly diminishing And only

the very very choicest residential districts

of the city will be immune and maybe they --

even they wont if the development thats

planned and on the Boards continuance So

Im concerned about the assumption that there

will be all these frivolous complaints What

weve just heard recently is that the Zoning

Ordinance lacks enforcement ability either

through the technical expertise of staff who

are required or asked to enforce it or they

lack the training they lack the money they

lack the expertise they lack the equipment

So that this -- remedying this is not simply

142

a matter of law its a matter of budget and

its a matter of will and committing to

taking care of the health and safety of the

population of Cambridge And that I

understand is the primary impulse and

justification for the Zoning Ordinance Now

thats why were here and thats why youre

dealing with this And as Doctor Solet has

told you repeatedly that light as well as

noise have major major health consequences

And this is another example of what has been

called the privatization of profit and the

socialization of the costs So that you have

the developers and the users maximizing

lowering their own costs by failing

adequately to protect public health and the

rest of us suffer and its a longer term

problem but if youre concerned about the

educational level of the students in

143

Cambridge I suspect that you will pay close

attention to both light and noise and how

they affect people

And so I was bit concerned with the

assumption that you might have lacks -- and

this may have been my missed hearing that it

might be possible to have laxer standards for

persons living in denser zones or in

commercial zones because I dont see any

reason why anyone living in any of those

zones would be less harmed by the noxious

effect of light than people living in an A

Zone

PAMELA WINTERS If you could wind

down your comments please your time is up

MARILYN WELLENS All right And

so I would again encourage you to act on

this and I would ask that the city develop

the capacity to enforce and develop the will

144

to enforce and I ask the Board to participate

in that

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Thank you

Does anyone else wish to be heard

ROBERT WINTERS Hi my name is

Robert Winters I hadnt planned to come

here I do live in a BA-1 Zone I probably

could claim I have five multiple violations

right now on either side of me but I have no

skin in this game I have no desire to file

complaints or anything but something I was

thinking before -- Hugh Russell actually took

the words right out of my mouth And heres

my thoughts that I heard earlier and just to

say them right now I wonder why must this

matter be a part of the Zoning Ordinance at

all It strikes me that all of the

shortcomings and misgivings and like what

145

about grandfathering this or that could all

be resolved if simply this was made part of a

municipal comprehensive municipal light

ordinance that had nothing to do with Zoning

whatsoever

When I have as I have complaints

about neighbors with rodent infestation you

know you call the rodent people If theres

a problem with improper disposal of rubbish

you call Inspectional Services and Public

Works Nobody worries about whether the

rubbish cans were grandfathered in from an

earlier era when they carried ashes out to

the street You know these are living

documents they can be changed to meet with

the times It seems thats the right way to

go Just generally speaking I think we

burden the Zoning Ordinance with far too

much It shouldnt even have quadrupled in

146

size There are so many things We depend

far too much on the Zoning Ordinance to solve

too many problems I believe shortly well

be getting some recommendations coming as

part of an another Zoning Petition where

theyre going to try to tell us from where we

must buy our electricity for example Why

not go and tell what color shirts our

children should wear or whether they should

speak multiple languages and have that be

part of the Zoning Ordinance So my remedy

is simply this Why not simply recommend to

the City Council that they sever this entire

section out of the Zoning Ordinance and

re-craft it as part of the municipal

ordinance on a comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance period and just take this

completely out There should be no need for

Community Development Department weighing in

147

on lighting standards any more than they

should be weighing in on whether the rats or

the garbage cans are properly laid out

outside So I would put the challenge to the

City Councillors and have the Planning Board

come straight out and say that Since were

throwing this ball into your court make this

the best damn municipal lighting ordinance

you can possibly draft and lets take it

right out of Zoning entirely

HUGH RUSSELL Mr John

JOHN HAWKINSON John Hawkinson 84

Mass Ave I just wanted to make explicit I

think an implicit request I heard in

Charlies presentation and that was to the

extent that you request Community Development

do further work on this That you request

that they caucus with Commissioner

Singanayagam and make sure that their

148

recommendations are consistent with his

understanding of enforceability or if not

that theres text explaining how not or why

not

Thank you

HUGH RUSSELL Does anyone else wish

to speak

(No Response)

HUGH RUSSELL Im just going to

comment on a previous comment and one --

there were several farther back which is if

we are stuck with what the Commissioner of

Buildings thinks he can do with present

staff and the present work rules that may not

be sufficient to protect the population And

so its important to know -- to get Ranjits

take on it because hes you know hes a

very dedicated public servant but at the

same time you know do you have to go beyond

149

that Maybe thats the point

So now we get to the point of trying to

see if we can -- do we have a consensus on

what we would recommend to the Council or do

we have -- I have a feeling were not quite

at a consensus and I dont think were going

to get there But Id be happy to get some

advice from my colleagues

H THEODORE COHEN Im happy to

start I think -- well I think as I

expressed at the last hearing that the

Teague Petition is fundamentally flawed and

overbroad And I had a lot of concerns about

it particularly about you know how you

determine whether theres a violation and

what one does to enforce it And a

grandfathering is a very significant issue in

Zoning I have a litigated cases about it

Ive litigated cases about light and how they

150

fall under Zoning and I could not personally

recommend the Teague Petition as originally

drafted I think that what staff has done

addressed a lot of my concerns and I still

think its overbroad in a lot of areas I

still think that it does not address the

issue fully and certainly doesnt address

the grandfathering issue which I dont think

Zoning can If the rest of the Board felt

comfortable with the Teague with the

revision by CDD I think I could go along

with a recommendation to the City Council

that this was in some sense a stopgap measure

that still had a lot of questions and still

needed to be worked upon and that City

Council ought to hire an expert and probably

the best thing was to have either just a

municipal ordinance or a municipal ordinance

and some waiting reference into the Zoning

151

Ordinance But I do think that this is an

issue you know that needs more thought by

people who are really expert in the field to

determine exactly what will address future

issues and probably more importantly what

can address existing issues that we want to

address and how it does not unreasonably

impact upon the small property owners the

small home owners who are -- Im worried are

all going to be in non-conformance under

this and also what is the best way to

enforce things And you know obviously the

Building Department you know has a limited

budget And you know its going to be up

to the City Council and the City Manager to

decide you know what is the really

important issues that the city is facing and

what they are going to budget for And if

they feel that dealing with this light issue

152

is a primary concern then they may have to

hire more people to deal with enforcement

If they think its less of an important

concern then you know other building

issues then they will appropriately staff

things And so thats where I come out on

this that I personally could not support

recommending the Teague Petition as

originally presented to the City Council with

a lot of reservations I could go along with

a recommendation of what CDD has revised and

subject to further revisions in accordance

with our discussion tonight

AHMED NUR Hugh

HUGH RUSSELL Ahmed

AHMED NUR Ill be really fast I

do concur everything that Ted just said I

am not also in favor of the proposal and in

favor of recommending to City Council It

153

really needs careful study with experts

When it comes to lighting noise music I

have two daughters that share one room and

the two of them are the opposites One wants

the light off one wants the light on One

wants the music down and so it -- its not

something simple that we can just sit here

and say yay or nay on this

PAMELA WINTERS I agree with my

colleagues I really dont feel comfortable

about voting for the Teague Petition as

drafted I really agree particularly with

what Ted had to say and also Robert Winters

I thought made -- and we are not related I

just want to throw that in

WILLIAM TIBBS I was going to ask

that question

PAMELA WINTERS No we are not

related but I do -- I liked your suggestion

154

of making -- turning this into a municipal

ordinance similar to sound or you know

whatever rather than a Zoning Ordinance And

I think thats about all I had to say So

that was quick

Go ahead

STEVEN COHEN Generally I concur

with all that was said I have two

observations First of all something that

Charlie said really struck me during his

presentation and that is that he conceived

of this as a quick fix As a stopgap in

measuring -- acknowledging that this isnt

really the ideal way to address the problem

That the right way to address it is for the

city to hire an appropriate expert personnel

and to you know put some time and real work

into this and come up with an appropriate

well engineered municipal ordinance Well I

155

guess we all agree that thats the right way

to go The notion of using the Zoning Code

as a quick fix as a stopgap measure sort of

procedurally doesnt seem like the right way

to use Zoning And once adopted it takes on

a life of its own and what if it ends up

being in conflict with what the experts come

up with later It doesnt seem like the

right approach I agree that the approach --

I agree with what has been said by

Mr Winters and the other members here The

way to go is to call upon the City Council to

address this head on in the appropriate and

expert way

My second observation though is Im

blown away to discover that theres already a

provision in the Code which in essence hasnt

been enforced So gosh we can write all

sorts of Zoning Ordinances here Whats the

156

difference what we write if the existing

regulations arent being enforced You know

so it seems to me before we start reinventing

the wheel and making the wheel even fancier

than it already is lets figure out how to

enforce the existing regulation And

actually as written as I look at it it

aint bad It doesnt have all the technical

requirements and references to foot candles

and luminance and so forth but the

principles that it espouse is right on And

frankly if I were to recommend anything as a

short-term stopgap measure well maybe just

make that same provision applicable to other

Zoning Districts as well Boy thats a real

quick fix You know the recommendation

would you know encompass maybe one or two

sentences and you know then you know

lets focus on enforcement and that would be

157

sufficient to hold the fort for a while the

City Council you know addresses this matter

in a more appropriate and professional

manner

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I would

like to agree wholeheartedly with what Steve

just said As much as I -- it really pains

me to think of going into a multi-year or

even multi-month study on this I do think

its the right thing to do I think that

this needs to be done through general

municipal ordinance and that requires time

And I do think that we need to use the tools

that are at our disposal to give some

immediate relief And I would really want to

stress that in the City Council that if that

means appropriating additional funds for

Inspectional Services or whatever it means

that there needs to be some recourse for

158

people to get some relief now while the study

is going on And that you know its the

fact that we havent been able to enforce it

previously does not excuse continuing to do

so while we study a way to do it later

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say I

disagree with -- I agree with what you both

have said

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think what were

discovering in Zoning is a pretty blunt

instrument and these are some pretty fine

issues that are -- that were trying to

figure out how we can control But

nonetheless in my experience almost 20 years

now working pretty intensely with this Code

there are ways in which government works

pretty well the Zoning Board and the Planning

Board I might add and the Zoning Code to

some degree helps to a large degree helps

159

with the way that this community runs And I

really appreciate Steve pointing out the fact

that the Code already has an Ordinance in

there

That not withstanding I believe the

rightful place for at least some components

of this lighting control is within the Zoning

Code Its a physical environments It

relates to the building and it relates to

building science And so youre right the

modified petition is not perfect We have

more suggestions tonight about how to make it

a little better I think it adds adds meat

to the Zoning Code which can be enforced both

with the Building Department and through the

other mechanisms that I referenced here And

so Im generally in favor of sending it up to

the City Council with the recommendations

that came with the first speaker to consider

160

the municipal ordinance to have enforcement

to deal with the issue of grandfathering and

hire an expert to get the actual metrics of

drafting correctly

HUGH RUSSELL So often at this

time we turn to the Stuart and Brian and Jeff

and say okay you got it

JEFF ROBERTS This is one where I

may want to go over some of what was said and

see if thats what is -- what the way things

are intended to go

So is it the -- maybe this is a

question I shouldnt be asking but is it the

Boards consensus -- it seems pretty clear

that the recommendation should include the

recommendation to initiate a process of

developing a more comprehensive municipal

lighting ordinance as part of the municipal

code engaging the help of an experienced

161

professional to develop something that has

to help advise on the technical details So

thats that is certainly something that

would be included

In terms of the recommendation on the

Zoning Petition the Board would recommend

the Zoning language the modified Zoning

language that was proposed I know that I

think in the last set of comments there were

maybe different views on what exactly would

be -- would exactly would or should be

included in the text the Zoning text

modifications that are recommended to the

Board Whether it be the fuller set of

changes that was that was sent to the Board

or whether it be a smaller set of changes

only affecting the existing Zoning existing

paragraph of Zoning text

HUGH RUSSELL So I would -- what I

162

heard from my colleagues is that that

Council can consider three different

strategies for an interim regulation that

would be in place to try to help out the way

things are

One is the Teague Petition which we do

not support

The second is the language that youve

drafted and with some modifications based on

our discussion tonight And theres no real

enthusiasm for that because we feel that

primary recommendation of getting municipal

ordinance is the right ultimate solution

If the Council felt they wanted to act

now we would feel -- most of us that

enacting the language was a temporary measure

that might be effective in some cases and

probably wouldnt cause great harm

The third suggestion came from my

163

colleague Mr Cohen which was a very simple

thing to take the 720 regulation and make

it apply citywide as a temporary measure I

think the problem that Council would have to

address in taking that stance is its not

being -- its not being enforced now Is it

not being enforced because it is

unenforceable or is it for some other reason

And that could be a discussion that could be

held between the City Manager and his various

departments and staff about you know if

they were to say well rely on this as a

temporary measure how can we get better

enforcement as to what this actually says

particularly if it were extended to be

citywide

So thats kind of what I heard and I

elaborated a little bit on Steves proposal

In some ways I like Steves proposal the

164

best

WILLIAM TIBBS Yes I do too

JEFF ROBERTS If I could

Mr Chair I mean I think this is a

discussion that maybe came up if you all

remember way back in the original Teague

Petition when the discussion really was

around what is this what is the issue with

the existing Zoning language and what does it

do and what does it not do And we found

that there really were some limitations in

the text and I think that Mr Teague had

really started this process by pointing out

what some of those limitations are

One being that the district only

applies in certain districts which through

enforcement has been taken to -- or at least

cause confusion when theres two adjoining

districts where a business district or a

165

higher density residential district abuts a

lower density residential district and its

not clear what that language is meant to

mean And that could be at the most minor

basic level that could be clarified to say

that any to make sure that its clear that

the effect on any residential property in

those districts is something that should be

enforced for or should be where the Zoning

should be applied and should be -- and

anything should be -- anything that affects

those properties should be reviewed in

compliance Or another step up would be to

as was suggested maybe make it just a

citywide provision which may have certain

impacts on commercial districts and

commercial properties that might not be in

the same level of conformance

HUGH RUSSELL Might be citywide to

166

falling on citywide residential property

H THEODORE COHEN I Jeff the

point you just raised is a concern I have

and you know it may be its a good idea to

amend 723 to make it citywide But Im

wondering if its in the scope of what the

Teague Petition was and what was advertised

because it certainly you know it may be

that it applies to so many other people in

commercial and industrial districts who may

not have come to our hearing or to you know

the Ordinance Committee because they were not

concerned about what they saw as applying

only in residential districts So you know

I think thats something that staff and maybe

the City Solicitors office would have to

review to see whether making such a change

would be within the scope of the petition

And if not then maybe you know we ought to

167

bring -- come back with a very short you

know Planning Board amendment to do that

you know publish it and notify it and let

the citywide have an opportunity to comment

on it And you know coming out of that

maybe what you suggested is that its not

citywide then only you know the impact on

any residential district or any residential

property

WILLIAM TIBBS I just want to say

that I just want to be very clear that I am

not comfortable with the CDC language as a

stopgap So I just want to make that very

clear

STEVEN COHEN Im just wondering if

a consensus of any sort is reached on the

Board maybe the way to go on this is to

actually start from scratch You know work

on some sort of modification of the existing

168

Section the 723 re-advertise it to make

sure that theres no issues there and ask

the CDD to propose a modification of that

paragraph only this time its an actual

proposal on your part And eventually

perhaps get to the point where its the

Planning Board proposing a Zoning

modification to the City Council which you

know might carry some some extra weight

with the understanding that it is still

something of a stopgap Because maybe that

the appropriate procedure is still to hire

experts and not making our own guesses about

technical matters but you know actually

doing an appropriate study But again I

think the language there is pretty good

And you know with some study on your part

Jeff I think maybe we could arrive someplace

that you know you serve as a pretty good

169

stopgap you know pending adoption of a

full-fledged municipal ordinance

HUGH RUSSELL Speaking against that

notion I would hope that in the 13 days

between now and the City Council midsummer

meeting a cliff notes version of that could

be accomplished I think the Teague Petition

intention was to be effective citywide and

so I think you can probably address Teds

concern of -- because it -- whats under

consideration is a citywide effect Its a

technical legal question and has to be

addressed by the Solicitor but I think

theres some hope that could actually -- and

I think the Council would like to put

something on the books now and rather than

something that we know is going to be interim

or informal So I you know its like I

think part of our difficulty is going to be

170

municipal calendar because as far as I know

-- maybe I can ask Councillor van Beuzekom

are any of the committees of the Council

going to be meeting between now and the

midsummer meeting

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM There

could be a special meeting but theres

nothing planned right now

HUGH RUSSELL Right Okay

So its within the possibility that

this could be advanced somewhere on the

Council level We dont have to come up with

the answer that they can adopt Thats

helpful

STEVEN COHEN The procedure aside

for a moment what about the notion of asking

CDD based on the discussions weve had here

asking CDD to propose a modification of that

provision

171

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I think thats

a productive thing to do

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Say that

again

HUGH RUSSELL And the question is

should we then not forward the language that

Jeff has proposed to us I mean in some

sense its out there in the blogosphere but

if our judgment is that we want a temporary

expedient we want it to be simple then

maybe we should just say draft up the simple

cliff notes version that alters that

paragraph in ways that give it the most --

make it the most effective paragraph that we

can

STEVEN COHEN And I think on a

parallel path not within our power that the

City Council might well call upon the City

Manager to report on the question of

172

enforcement of the existing provision So

you know we understand what the limitations

of enforcement are here And if there are

limitations and there may very well be then

we have to deal with that kind of reality

HUGH RUSSELL Yes I mean I think

there must be limitations because you know

its not city policy to ignore complaints and

not the citizens But they havent been able

to do it So theres something there

STEVEN COHEN Yes

JEFF ROBERTS So I could just make

a suggestion or maybe its more of an offer

that we could within the recommendations --

so as long as the Board has reached some

sense some consensus and some clarity as to

what the substance of what the proposed

change would be to the existing language

that can be drafted and submitted along with

173

the recommendation to the Council We can

also include the Board can include in the

recommendation that the Law Department the

City Solicitor be consulted as long as its

within the scope of the original petition

If its been -- we would confer with the Law

Department on that as well If its

determined that that is okay it could --

that could be moved forward on If not it

could be the Planning Board could opt to

submit that as its own petition to the

Council It would restart the hearing

process but it would it could immediately

be put into the queue And if filed before

if my (inaudible) calendar is correct if

filed pretty much at the beginning of the

fall could still be acted upon by the end of

the Council term

H THEODORE COHEN Can I ask a

174

question

Jeff do you know you know in recent

buildings and commercial and industrial

districts are there outdoor floodlights

JEFF ROBERTS There usually are

If theres a parking facility theres often

you know lighting Exactly what the form of

the lighting is not something that I look at

in great scrutiny in my day-to-day work but

anything with an outdoor parking facility

outdoor walkways equipment entrances well

have well have lighting I think that by

modern standards and you know Ive gone

around looking at different -- as weve been

talking about this as looking at different

buildings and properties around the city to

see what kind of lighting they have and using

the standard can you see the fixtures or can

you see the bulb and you know is anything

175

reflecting is there a -- I think that as you

advance from older structures to newer

structures you find that the lighting starts

to look more like what I think this proposal

intends it to look like But you still do

have those instances where an owner of an

existing building for one reason or another

wants to have better lighting on the parking

lot and they install the most expedient

fixture which is that thats offensive to

neighbors

H THEODORE COHEN Well Im

personally uncomfortable with just doing just

a quick fix and saying lets make 723

applicable citywide without our having heard

anything whatsoever from any commercial or

industrial property owners one way or the

other about that And you know were

trying to avoid grandfathering things but if

176

suddenly were grandfathering parking lots

all over Kendall Square and you know in

lots of other areas of the city maybe thats

the answer but Im uncomfortable doing it

without having a hearing on it thats going

to address that issue So I dont know that

I think that the quick fix to just say make

723 applicable throughout the city is

something that I would support

HUGH RUSSELL So Im looking at

what I believe is the Teague Petition Its

addressed to the honorable City Council and

it says Petition And so I -- looking at

that it seems to me there is language in it

that talks about off-street parking

facilities abutting or facing residential

premises shall not fall under the scope of

the Teague Petition and use his regulatory

language So thats already out there in the

177

proposal

The 723 --

H THEODORE COHEN But still that

language is still referring to only Residence

A B C and C-1 Districts

HUGH RUSSELL I dont believe so

I believe theres another section that refers

to -- so Im looking at this one which I

think is broader And that might be the

limit to which we can go under the Teague --

by implementing Teague

STEVEN COHEN Im sorry isnt the

Teague Petition citywide Am I missing

something

H THEODORE COHEN No because it

was only amended certain -- as I read it it

was only amended certain provisions of the

Zoning Ordinance and adding some additional

language

178

STEVEN COHEN So your read is that

the petition applies only to what

HUGH RUSSELL The parts of the

petition apply to A B C and C-1 Districts

as I read it

STEVEN COHEN Really

HUGH RUSSELL Yes

JEFF ROBERTS Well I believe and

Im looking at it right now and kind of

starting at the beginning and I hope we dont

have different versions of this but the

proposal is to insert -- the main proposal is

on a page which begins Amend the Zoning

Ordinance of the City of Cambridge by doing

the following Insert the following text

after Section 7230 elimination etcetera

And then down at the bottom of the page it

says 722 lighting restrictions for the

City of Cambridge No direct light shall be

179

allowed on any abutting property on any

property abutting an abutting property on

any property across the street from those

properties and on any properties within 300

feet of luminaire and on any street a

property shall explicitly include any

buildings on said property and prohibiting

any direct light from entering the window or

any other openings The luminaire intended

to light a street is allowed to light said

street

H THEODORE COHEN Right I agree

with that But then that does not change --

I mean that just says you cant have light

on abutting property Its you still have

the language in 723 which again talks about

you know no outdoor floodlighting in

Residence A B C and C-1 So if were

going to say lets make 723 applicable

180

citywide--

JO M SOLET Can you use the mic

H THEODORE COHEN Im sorry

If youre saying we cant use 723

applicable citywide then suddenly youre

saying in any non-residential district you

cant have outdoor floodlighting which you

now indicated it probably does exist I

mean this is the problem with you know

trying to you know make a quick fix

amendment to Zoning at the you know the

eleventh hour and trying to come up with

something that we havent really previously

discussed that people havent testified on

one way or the other and maybe thats maybe

thats where we should end up Im just

very very uncomfortable doing it right now

and recommending to City Council that this is

what we think you should do as a quick fix

181

STEVEN COHEN But well Ted --

actually my reaction to what youre saying is

the most shocking part is that at this late

moment on the verge of taking a vote that

were actually not even clear whether the

Petition that weve been talking about for

these last two meetings apply citywide or

only to those residential districts

H THEODORE COHEN Well I think

some things proposed do apply citywide but

some provisions were not being -- did not

apply citywide were not being amended

HUGH RUSSELL I -- some of the

language wasnt being amended but the

structure of the Teague Petition is to say

is to focus on light being cast from fixtures

and it says you cant -- a light cant fall

on somebody elses property citywide

Now 723 talks about a device that

182

accomplishes that or fails to accomplish

that But I think in Teague and if you

will Roberts its still citywide And so

I you know some -- the fact that they --

theyre talking about a light falling on

somebody elses property whether -- I dont

think its any different whether it comes

from a floodlight or a wall pack or not

Its -- thats what was advertised Any

commercial property owner had an opportunity

to read this language and say gee I can no

longer throw light on somebody elses

property And as it happens nobody came and

said that was a problem

H THEODORE COHEN I dont disagree

with that but I dont know that just simply

saying if you make 723 citywide youre not

changing other things And that is why I

suggested --

183

HUGH RUSSELL This is an

architectlawyer discussion

H THEODORE COHEN Right Its an

architectlawyer discussion and I --

HUGH RUSSELL Im thinking an

architect weve got to be able to accomplish

the principle Here the lawyer is saying we

have to actually make the words right I

dont disagree with you

H THEODORE COHEN Correct

STEVEN COHEN And where I agree

with what Ted is saying and the reason I

would send it back to CDD is you know for

us to make a quick judgment here yeah I

said earlier hey all it takes is a sentence

or two Well thats easy for me to say I

would like staff to take a closer look at it

and then sort of work through the

ramifications and then you know whether

184

theyre unintended consequences and so forth

and then come back to us with some sort of a

recommendation But thats the drafting and

the professional who are planning the issue

Youre raising the legal issue of whether

certain interests have received adequate

notice under the law of a change that will

affect them And while I disagree with your

interpretation I think it does apply

citywide I also see that because of Section

723 its at very least ambiguous on what the

Ordinance discovers So Im respectful of

the concern that you raised And as we

talked about it amongst ourselves we werent

clear among ourselves whether this you know

Petition was applicable citywide or only to

these residential districts

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY

Mr Chair

185

STEVEN COHEN So if were not

clear I mean you know what does that say

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY I think

that practical implication of both Ted and

Steves comments given that we wont be

meeting again until after the City Council

meeting is that if were going to see

another round of markups from CDD and have a

chance to discuss them then we are not

proposing a specific change to the Zoning

Ordinance for the summer meeting We are not

endorsing the Teague Petition and were

saying that there isnt a quick fix that can

be enacted this summer There may be a quick

fix that can be enacted before the end of

this Council and that we would continue to

try to do But that the long-term goal would

be a citywide lighting ordinance and any

quick fix we are going to propose is language

186

that we still need to work on and theyll be

seeing in the fall

HUGH RUSSELL So do people agree

with that It sounds pretty good to me

H THEODORE COHEN I do

HUGH RUSSELL The only caveat that

I would make is that Council might say hey

were going to ask the Law Department to do

that quick fix in the next two weeks

WILLIAM TIBBS Well thats their

issue

HUGH RUSSELL And if they can

accomplish that they might be able to

accomplish that We cannot

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL Thats the important

part

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Right

HUGH RUSSELL If were going to do

187

it we have to do what she said

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

HUGH RUSSELL So I think we almost

reached -- Ahmed

AHMED NUR We did We did

I also would add that maybe we should

change the language to -- from grandfathering

to grandmothering because lights lights are

actually controlled better laid in the house

Im only kidding

WILLIAM TIBBS Did you get the last

comment I think

JEFF ROBERTS Okay so to recap

the recommendation -- I wont go back over

what you said but the recommendation is what

was just stated regarding -- including the

municipal -- recommendation by the municipal

ordinance advising that you know that the

concerns with the Teague Petition as written

188

the complications with proposing a quick fix

at this point and to and so I guess the

question is is the Planning Board decision

then not to recommend any specific Zoning

text changes to the Council but rather to

suggest that the Planning Board continue to

work on that issue and submit text changes

for the fall term the fall session of the

Council

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Yes

AHMED NUR That sounds good

HUGH RUSSELL I think that except I

would put the work as conditional If the

Council wants us to work on that well put

that on our agenda early in the fall because

they can because they may --

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY They

may preempt us

HUGH RUSSELL They may find a quick

189

fix They may enact Teague All of that is

within their power

Were saying what we can do and we

cant fix it now

STEVEN COHEN And for 50 years of

non-enforcement of the existing provisions I

dont think its the end of the world to wait

a few extra months to do this in a careful

thoughtful

JO M SOLET Can they enforce

whats in place now at least

H THEODORE COHEN Yes

JO M SOLET Do you recommend that

STEVEN COHEN Yes

HUGH RUSSELL We dont generally --

KENNETH TAYLOR Can you make a

recommendation

JO M SOLET Including your

recommendation that there is a law thats not

190

being enforced and while were rewriting it

we would at least like attention to that

HUGH RUSSELL I think we can --

might comment that the Board is unable to

understand why paragraph 720 does not

apparently -- is not able to be enforced

KENNETH TAYLOR Not being enforced

HUGH RUSSELL Thats a statement

which could provide some relief in some

cases it does not seem to be able to be

enforced in -- thats part of the reason we

cant act to fix it because we dont know

whats wrong with it

CATHERINE PRESTON CONNOLLY Thats

right

STEVEN COHEN But Jo were not

going away

JO M SOLET Im not either I

dont want it to be immortal before I see

191

this

HUGH RUSSELL So I believe we are

now adjourned

JOHN HAWKINSON Councillor van

Beuzekom has her hand up

HUGH RUSSELL Oh Councillor

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM I have one

thing to clarify

HUGH RUSSELL Sure we would be

happy to hear it

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM Because I

dont want to by myself to be the sole

conveyor of all the incredible back and forth

between all you guys and between the people

that came to speak So what I dont know is

how much of this draft memo is going to be

shared with the Council Because aside from

what you said this is not out in the

blogosphere People dont really know about

192

this But the -- I think what needs to be

conveyed to the Council is what you dont

like about the Teague Petition So we didnt

really hear that Its kind of in this memo

but you didnt really talk about it You

went straight to CDD making recommendations

that are not going to be forwarded to the

Council But Im hoping that there can be a

write-up in the memo that accompanies the

decision explaining exactly what about the

Teague Petition doesnt work Because it is

citywide and thats what the CDD proposed

There was an attempt to figure out how to

make it more enforceable and Ranjit thought

I can enforce it this way I cant really

enforce it because its too vague the way the

720 is currently written So I think that

would be really valuable to send that

information to the Council

193

TOM SIENIEWICZ I think Mr Chair

at the first hearing we discussed in detail

what specifically were the Boards objections

to the Teague Petition so theres a record

of that in the transcript

HUGH RUSSELL Right And also the

Roberts draft is actually a response to those

points So you can pull out of the draft

what what were the pieces that were being

fixed and why why we felt the need to be

fixed And we can --

COUNCILLOR VAN BEUZEKOM So it

wont be --

HUGH RUSSELL It wont we wont

give you the Roberts draft but well tell

you whats wrong with Teague because we owe

you that one at least in our opinion

Okay now were adjourned

(Whereupon at 1030 pm the

194

Planning Board Adjourned)

195

ERRATA SHEET AND SIGNATURE INSTRUCTIONS

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Department

When the Errata Sheet has been

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be delivered to each party of record and the

ORIGINAL delivered to Community Development

Department to whom the original transcript

was delivered

INSTRUCTIONS

After reading this volume of Planning Board indicate any corrections or changes to testimony and the reasons therefor on the Errata Sheet supplied to you and sign it DO NOT make marks or notations on the transcript volume itself

REPLACE THIS PAGE OF THE TRANSCRIPT WITH THE

COMPLETED AND SIGNED ERRATA SHEET WHEN

RECEIVED

196

ATTACH TO PLANNING BOARD DATE 71613 REP CAZ

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INSTRUCTIONS After reading the transcript of Planning Board note any change or correction to testimony and the reason therefor on this sheet DO NOT make any marks or notations on the transcript volume itself Sign and date this errata sheet (before a Notary Public if required) Refer to Page 194 of the transcript for Errata Sheet distribution instructions

PAGE LINE _______ ________ CHANGE _______________

REASON _______________ _______ ________ CHANGE _______________

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I have read the foregoing transcript of Planning Board and except for any corrections or changes noted above I hereby subscribe to the transcript as an accurate record of the statements made

______________________

197

C E R T I F I C A T E

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS BRISTOL SS

I Catherine Lawson Zelinski a Certified Shorthand Reporter the undersigned Notary Public certify that

I am not related to any of the parties in this matter by blood or marriage and that I am in no way interested in the outcome of this matter

I further certify that the testimony hereinbefore set forth is a true and accurate transcription of my stenographic notes to the best of my knowledge skill and ability

IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of September 2013

Catherine L Zelinski Notary Public Certified Shorthand Reporter License No 147703

My Commission Expires April 23 2015

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION OF THIS TRANSCRIPT DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY REPRODUCTION OF THE SAME BY ANY MEANS UNLESS UNDER THE DIRECT CONTROL ANDOR DIRECTION OF THE CERTIFYING REPORTER

$

$100 [1] - 11817 $50 [1] - 11817

20 [2] - 1209 15814 2004 [1] - 137 2008 [1] - 1132 2012 [1] - 12813 2013 [4] - 13 912 1133 19711

2015 [1] - 19716 23 [2] - 1086 19716 25th [1] - 55 282 [1] - 119 285 [1] - 133 288 [1] - 56 29 [2] - 2319 251 29th [1] - 415

3

3 [3] - 5917 608 1352

30 [2] - 11814 11815

6390396 [1] - 118 651 [2] - 13914 1401

6th [1] - 716

7

7 [1] - 6510 715(B [1] - 218 720 [5] - 33 1356 1632 1905 19217

722 [8] - 32 721 728 7211 7311 748 10710 17818

722A [1] - 1199 723 [26] - 34 6218 7117 728 7216 7311 7410 8611 1066 1077

18613 1906 19010

absolutely [1] -12011

abut [1] - 1402 abuts [1] - 1651 abutter [4] - 95 4011 435 5011

abutters [8] - 7510 777 778 10318 10319

abutting [9] - 1215 1218 232 744 17616 1791 1792 17915

acceptable [2] - 405 898

access [7] - 1015 268 3317 365 3816 488 5013

accessing [1] - 413 accessory [4] - 1311

1876 added [7] - 1213 5814 725 1079 12811 12812 12813

adding [6] - 143 9419 952 958 13213 17718

addition [4] - 143 155 7118 9419

additional [4] - 729 7210 15717 17718

additions [1] - 5710 address [18] - 91 2313 4417 451 535 538 7810 1506 1507 1514 1516 1517 15414 15415 15513 1635 1699 1766

62 [1] - 1379

0

005 [1] - 6210 01 [2] - 6210 6619 02 [2] - 629 6618 035 [1] - 629 05 [3] - 6118 628 749

1 300 [3] - 1912 7510 10714 1293 1316 1515 1815 addressed [5] - 543

1 [1] - 572 1794 13416 1353 accommodate [1] - 861 1504 16913

10 [2] - 2612 1209 300-foot [1] - 778 1665 1681 9410 17612

1021 [1] - 11816 100-watt [1] - 13014 1030 [1] - 1403 1030 [1] - 19319 1100 [1] - 198 12-foot [1] - 146 13 [1] - 1694 147703 [1] - 19715 15 [2] - 1048 1319 15th [1] - 19711 16 [1] - 13

320 [1] - 1912 38 [1] - 515

4

4 [1] - 6316 40-A [2] - 696 7910 400-watt [1] - 13013 40A [2] - 548 1004 40A6 [1] - 9118

17514 1768 1772 17916 17919 1804 18119 18217 18411

7230 [1] - 17816 7242 [4] - 6415 754 768 832

71613 [1] - 1961 705 [1] - 14 720 [3] - 111 117

accompanies [1] -1929

accomplish [4] -1821 1836 18613 18614

accomplished [1] -1697

accomplishes [1] -1821

accordance [1] -15212

addresses [1] - 1572 adds [3] - 5510 15913

adequate [1] - 1846 adequately [1] -14216

adhere [1] - 697 adjacent [6] - 1717 708 781 783 12918 1389

adjoining [1] - 16418

186 [1] - 233 1800 [1] - 192 1855 [1] - 1045

5 118

8

according [1] - 1412 accurate [2] - 19617 1979

adjourned [2] - 1913 19318

Adjourned [1] - 1941

1869 [1] - 129 5000 [1] - 126 achieve [1] - 672 adjust [1] - 1161

1920 [1] - 13714 528 [1] - 194 8 [6] - 2316 2318 acknowledging [1] - adjustments [1] -

1922 [1] - 1214 5282 [2] - 28 29 557 947 975 15413 1054

1924 [2] - 1377 5822 [1] - 201 806 [1] - 15 Acorn [5] - 124 adjusts [1] - 668

13718 50 [1] - 1895 84 [1] - 14712 1218 131 2316 admit [1] - 6818

194 [1] - 1967 50-watt [1] - 873 850 [1] - 8411 2318 adopt [2] - 7112

1940 [1] - 1289 50-year-old [1] - act [4] - 4912 17013

1943 [1] - 13719 1960 [1] - 12811

13715 533 [4] - 27 119

9 14317 16214 19012

adopted [2] - 5414 1555

1962 [5] - 1279 1118 123 Act [1] - 719 adoption [1] - 1691

12714 1378 539 [1] - 1215 9 [1] - 642 acted [1] - 17317 Adoption [1] - 25

13719 1385 900 [1] - 8411 action [3] - 1013 advance [1] - 1752

1970 [2] - 12812 1381

6 A

5912 12312 active [1] - 808

advanced [1] - 17011 advertise [1] - 1681

1996 [1] - 135 activity [1] - 105 advertised [4] - 564 6 [5] - 2315 2318 548 573 658

6351 [1] - 29 641 [2] - 215 7713 646 [1] - 216 60-watt [1] - 849 6177867783617

abandon [1] - 5915 ability [3] - 783 14114 19710

able [13] - 268 4910 594 6410 7517 9217 13818 1583 1729 1836

acts [2] - 1143 1146 actual [5] - 1911 3616 1174 1603 1684

add [8] - 141 459 6112 638 656 1337 15818

8817 1667 1829 advertisement [1] -5319

advice [2] - 12410 1498

advise [1] - 1612 advised [1] - 466

2

2 [3] - 585 12615 12616

2-point [1] - 831

1

advising [1] - 18718 affect [3] - 977 1433 1848

affecting [2] - 1334 16117

affects [1] - 16511 afraid [2] - 1117 14014

agenda [4] - 48 52 5111 18815

aggrieved [5] - 6418 759 7710 787 10313

aging [1] - 11714 ago [3] - 682 10916 13616

agree [17] - 612 4110 456 8013 8015 8216 1254 1539 15312 1551 1559 15510 1576 1587 17912 18311 1863

agreed [1] - 7218 ahead [5] - 583 8012 8911 8916 1546

AHMED [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

ahmed [2] - 10110 15215

Ahmed [5] - 111 1917 4711 9017 1874

Aid [1] - 1088 aint [1] - 1568 air [5] - 309 316 417 425 453

al [1] - 213 alley [1] - 488 allow [9] - 1415 2513 3614 603 6615 9212 9711 1041 1386

allowed [10] - 1419 3613 504 506 6614 708 972 12919 1791 17910

allowing [1] - 356 allows [1] - 5511 almost [7] - 253 287 336 1059 10510 15814 1873

alter [1] - 8210 alteration [5] - 5418

9213 942 948 949

alterations [3] -5519 5612 925

altered [1] - 12510 altering [1] - 829 alters [1] - 17112 altogether [1] - 1295 ambiguity [2] - 7314 7415

ambiguous [1] -18411

ameliorates [1] - 768 amenable [1] - 4310 Amend [1] - 17813 amend [5] - 213 215 217 6310 1665

amended [4] - 17716 17717 18112 18114

amendment [5] -819 639 1262 1672 18011

Amesbury [1] - 1117 amount [5] - 153 4513 502 707 10812

amplified [1] - 287 analog [1] - 7112 analysis [1] - 917 AND [2] - 1951 19517

ANDOR [1] - 19719 Ann [1] - 2317 annoying [1] - 682 answer [7] - 6517 10112 11917 13512 1384 17013 1764

answers [1] - 6910 ANY [2] - 19718 19718

anyway [2] - 8719 8911

anyways [2] - 11210 11610

apartment [3] - 1412 10315 1289

Appeal [3] - 24 53 55

appeal [2] - 11414 11814

applicability [1] - 585 applicable [7] - 7114 15614 17515 1768 17919 1805 18416

applicant [1] - 212 application [4] - 185 4914 4918 5710

applied [2] - 9119 16510

applies [6] - 544 7212 1296 16416 1669 1782

apply [21] - 5411 5414 5518 5610 588 5913 624 627 632 635 637 702 7411 945 9613 1633 1784 1817 18110 18112 1849

APPLY [1] - 19718 applying [1] - 16613 appreciate [1] - 1592 approach [7] - 2415 7919 802 8315 1236 1559

appropriate [7] -6515 15416 15418 15513 1573 16812 16815

appropriately [2] -4118 1525

appropriating [1] -15717

approval [2] - 406 4715

april [1] - 19716 arbor [2] - 879 8711 architect [2] - 1116 1836

architectlawyer [2] -1832 1834

architects [1] -10811

architectural [2] -516 1032

Area [1] - 211 area [9] - 211 1818 1912 2812 291 345 438 914 1129

areas [5] - 412 876 1298 1505 1763

argument [1] - 12610 arm [1] - 1126 arrangement [2] - 92 4410

arrive [1] - 16818 arrived [1] - 117 Article [5] - 557 642 6510 947 975

article [3] - 88 913 975

articulated [2] - 775

7917 ashes [1] - 14513 Ashland [1] - 1095 aside [2] - 17015 19117

aspect [1] - 336 aspects [1] - 971 assigned [2] - 227 229

assist [1] - 1113 Assistant [2] - 113 23

Associate [1] - 111 associated [1] -12112

assume [1] - 444 assuming [1] - 4719 assumption [2] -14111 1435

assure [2] - 3912 1408

astutely [1] - 1108 ATTACH [1] - 1961 attach [1] - 453 attempt [2] - 1141 19213

attempts [1] - 1225 attend [1] - 121 attention [5] - 2715 1319 1412 1432 1902

attorneys [1] - 10810 Auburn [1] - 1127 AUDIENCE [2] -1613 673

audience [1] - 1112 August [2] - 58 716 available [3] - 3315 4518 1242

Ave [1] - 14713 avenue [1] - 1007 Avenue [10] - 15 27 119 1119 123 124 126 1216 1403 1404

avenues [1] - 6411 avoid [3] - 11210 12313 17519

aware [2] - 4414 6813

awful [1] - 681

8618 bad [5] - 393 11312 1147 1174 1568

ball [1] - 1477 Band [1] - 1088 Band-Aid [1] - 1088 bar [1] - 904 based [11] - 1116 506 5514 6016 6317 6718 12317 1264 1306 1629 17017

basement [1] - 93 basic [2] - 1202 1655

basis [2] - 996 1305 bat [1] - 538 bays [2] - 1212 148 Beady [1] - 11911 bear [1] - 9417 beautifully [1] - 1024 become [1] - 8112 becomes [1] - 813 bedrooms [1] - 243 begin [2] - 5111 12810

beginning [3] - 7717 17316 17810

begins [1] - 17813 begun [1] - 5412 behalf [1] - 122 behind [4] - 1219 2517 523 8618

benefit [1] - 3511 Bensley [4] - 212 1118 134 353

BENSLEY [2] - 3416 353

Bensleys [1] - 3515 Berkeley [2] - 1319 13316

best [7] - 386 1241 1478 15017 15111 1641 19710

better [11] - 1111 306 675 771 819 8315 9712 15913 16313 1758 1879

between [13] - 124 258 382 4314 6212 665 996 998 16310 1695 1704 19114

Beuzekom [3] -11515 1702 1915

BEUZEKOM [5] -1706 1713 1917

B

B-1 [1] - 1402 BA-1 [1] - 1448 background [1] -7419

backlog [1] - 1329 backyard [2] - 366

2

3 19111 19312 bottom [3] - 56 15915 724 7217 749 cemented [1] - 774

beyond [2] - 724 2218 17817 buildings [11] - 2217 8117 842 874 Center [1] - 15 14819 boundary [1] - 278 286 5518 5519 1026 11912 certain [8] - 5513

bicycle [2] - 155 boy [2] - 8911 839 9716 10211 candles [4] - 6118 976 9919 16416 156 15615 12918 1743 852 8518 1569 16515 17716

bidding [1] - 1711 break [2] - 283 4710 17416 1797 cannot [2] - 4018 17717 1846 big [1] - 10518 break-in [1] - 283 Buildings [1] - 14813 18614 certainly [12] - 2718 Bill [1] - 3310 BRIAN [1] - 5015 built [4] - 128 1213 cans [3] - 302 2719 3017 4416 bill [1] - 1145 Brian [3] - 113 23 1410 1289 14512 1473 471 5218 6618

bit [9] - 549 5712 1606 bulb [14] - 843 849 cantilever [1] - 221 12518 13918

5714 6711 8611 bricks [1] - 172 8419 11312 cantilevered [1] - 1507 1613 1668

9117 9418 1434 16318

briefly [2] - 5210 1083

11313 1145 1161 1162

3114 capacity [1] - 14319

certificate [1] -11719

black [2] - 2316 8619

bright [2] - 666 7615

11718 13013 13014 13213

CAPTURING [1] -118

Certificate [1] - 1185 CERTIFICATION [1] -

blend [1] - 10212 blinding [1] - 1027 block [3] - 4814 8715 8716

blogosphere [2] -1718 19119

brighter [1] - 664 brightest [1] - 666 brightness [1] - 8414 bring [16] - 1112 2619 722 921 934 953 969

17419 bulbs [1] - 873 bunch [2] - 11410 11912

bundled [2] - 1035 1036

care [2] - 421 1423 careful [3] - 762 1531 1898

carefully [3] - 7619 775 7915

carried [1] - 14513

19717 Certified [2] - 1974 19714

certify [2] - 1975 1978

CERTIFYING [1] -

blood [1] - 1976 9717 9816 994 burden [3] - 6110 carries [1] - 446 19719

blown [1] - 15516 blunt [1] - 15810

10316 1042 11316 1175

11310 14518 burns [1] - 9714

carry [1] - 1689 cars [1] - 10119

chair [14] - 162 2215 399 4019

Board [46] - 24 48 13011 1671 bus [2] - 158 159 case [13] - 56 57 4916 528 8914

52 54 513 814 BRISTOL [1] - 1973 business [6] - 112 119 2415 273 8918 1256 1347

91 919 118 broad [1] - 966 136 137 1312 4719 5517 634 13418 1644

4917 506 508 broader [1] - 1779 1411 16419 646 647 11219 18419 1931

5212 532 5314 6716 6918

broadly [1] - 545 Brookline [2] - 124

BUSINESS [1] - 22 Business [1] - 1402

12719 12913 Cases [1] - 24

Chair [4] - 17 18 474 476

10512 10514 133 button [1] - 6511 cases [7] - 53 55 challenge [1] - 1474

1061 12017 brother [1] - 3515 buttoning [1] - 727 512 14918 chance [2] - 649

12219 1263 12618 1411

brought [12] - 158 2914 3814 3819

buy [2] - 1282 1467 BY [1] - 19718

14919 16217 19010

1859 change [30] - 4612

1441 1475 1509 5119 5616 5713 by-law [1] - 5411 cast [1] - 18116 5413 5414 5417 15817 15818 1616 16114

6217 923 9513 961 1411

BZA [2] - 11415 11910

casting [2] - 8418 8419

565 5614 609 652 813 826

16115 1672 bucks [1] - 467 CATHERINE [11] - 8210 8214 932 16717 1687 17215 1732 17310 1883 1886 1904 1941 19512 1964 19616

BOARD [2] - 12 1961

board [3] - 7916 908 1237

Boards [9] - 2512 5216 5219 5810 612 14015 14110 16014 1933

boards [1] - 1111 Bobrowski [1] - 1153 books [1] - 16916 Boothe [1] - 116 borrow [1] - 4910 borrowed [2] - 5710 5711

bothersome [1] - 426

budget [4] - 11019 1421 15114 15118

build [2] - 173 10211

building [31] - 1211 167 179 2413 2813 2818 3116 3418 361 4013 4114 5613 5614 5615 827 942 943 9414 9716 988 989 9811 10313 10315 11514 1288 1403 1524 1599 15910 1757

Building [13] - 206 896 8910 9214 983 11112 11117 11516 11614 1172 11713 15113

C

C-1 [5] - 62 13614 1775 1784 17918

C-2 [3] - 638 13813 C1 [1] - 633 calendar [2] - 1701 17315

CAMBRIDGE [1] - 12 Cambridge [25] - 16 214 31 33 47 89 138 3711 4112 4516 556 6911 6913 7719 7816 1021 10319 1045 1046 1135 14012 1424 1431 17814 17819

candle [12] - 6118 6515 662 6610

71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

Catherine [4] - 111 44 1974 19713

caucus [1] - 14718 caught [1] - 1087 causing [1] - 13016 caveat [1] - 1866 CAZ [1] - 1962 CD [1] - 1276 CDC [1] - 16712 CDD [14] - 529 1101 1166 11610 12214 15011 15211 1683 17017 17018 18313 1858 1926 19212

CE [1] - 10416

9315 943 1014 1145 11711 11713 1201 1202 1286 16617 17218 17913 1847 18510 1877 1964

CHANGE [6] - 1969 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614

changed [4] - 1287 1288 13716 14515

changes [22] - 816 1711 332 579 7915 8016 921 924 10812 1229 12210 1271 1281 13419 1352 1371 16115 16116

1885 1887 17814 17819 1552 15517 8315 1026 651 8311 8813 19512 19617 18018 1856 15815 15818 comfortable [6] - 8817 10311

changing [7] - 755 Citys [3] - 592 1593 1598 7616 9616 1236 10316 1189 7511 8210 988 6518 1412 15914 15010 15310 complaints [1] -10516 13213 citywide [26] - 628 code [5] - 9914 16712 8312 18218 635 1633 16316 12715 1287 coming [2] - 1464 complaint-driven [2]

Chapter [2] - 548 16515 16519 1309 16019 1675 - 641 8813 696 1661 1665 1674 codes [1] - 1287 comment [16] - 4510 complaints [9] -

characterize [3] - 1677 1698 coffee [1] - 242 494 5810 6117 7611 834 1042 3710 726 981 16911 17515 Cohen [5] - 18 110 6217 6414 754 12619 14112

charging [1] - 13217 17713 1801 43 44 1631 7618 907 10210 14412 1456 CHARLES [4] - 1081 1805 1817 COHEN [59] - 76 87 1274 14810 1728

1085 1265 18110 18112 913 101 1018 1674 18712 complete [1] - 10718 12611 18118 1823 185 3217 459 1904 completed [1] - 1956

Charles [3] - 213 18217 18410 5016 712 7214 commentary [1] - COMPLETED [1] -1086 11116 18416 18518 739 7315 7318 1152 19517

Charlie [1] - 15410 19212 7417 8717 885 commented [1] - completely [2] - 375 Charlies [1] - 14715 Citywide [1] - 15 8912 9019 9219 8114 14618 children [1] - 1469 claim [1] - 1449 938 9313 9417 comments [18] - complexities [1] -

choice [1] - 4219 clarification [3] - 957 9512 963 5115 5216 5219 12212

choicest [1] - 1417 387 3812 3815 9818 1017 1065 882 9018 10014 complexity [1] - 887

chop [1] - 485 clarified [2] - 866 1347 1375 1499 10016 10310 compliance [8] - 954

chose [1] - 12819 1655 1547 1662 10719 12412 9511 9513 9610

CHRIS [4] - 3513 clarify [5] - 569 16715 17015 1252 1255 1315 9817 995 13219

3517 3610 3614 5613 6010 1265 17116 17211 14015 14315 16513

Chris [1] - 3514 1918 17319 17512 1619 1855 complicated [1] -

Christmas [1] - 8710 clarifying [2] - 657 1773 17712 commercial [10] - 1242

Chronicle [1] - 89 1066 17715 1781 3412 3414 997 complications [1] -

church [1] - 103 clarity [2] - 579 1786 17912 1439 16516 1881

Circadian [1] - 1339 17216 1803 1811 1819 16517 16610 complies [1] - 746

circumstances [1] -463

cities [1] - 629 citizens [2] - 1135 1729

CITY [1] - 12 city [20] - 397 5815 7718 8118 10117 1059 12213 1296 12912 13116 1338 13818 1418 14318 15117 15416 1728 17416 1763 1768

City [41] - 113 23 214 31 33 414 5511 5816 592 716 7918 8111 1013 1021 10413 12819 14613 1475 15012 15015 15115 1529 15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 16310 16616 1688 1695 17118 1734 17612

clauses [2] - 1095 10910

clear [17] - 494 515 586 727 7215 7410 8812 11012 12216 16014 1653 1656 16711 16714 1815 18415 1852

clearer [2] - 5312 1392

clearly [2] - 389 922 clerical [1] - 6115 clients [1] - 1057 cliff [2] - 1696 17112

clock [1] - 1086 close [8] - 2018 2418 2614 424 481 1283 13012 1431

closely [2] - 244 1071

closer [4] - 615 2812 677 18317

clothing [1] - 77 Code [16] - 694 6914 701 8314 924 962 1096 1097 12711

18215 1833 18310 18311 1851 1865 1895 18912 18914 19016

coincidence [1] -2310

colleague [1] - 1631 colleagues [8] - 612 102 391 4714 902 1498 15310 1621

COLLING [47] - 1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

Colling [1] - 1115 color [1] - 1468

1743 17516 18210

Commission [1] -19716

Commissioner [7] -896 8911 983 11112 11516 14718 14812

Committee [2] -10919 16612

committees [1] -1703

committing [1] -1422

common [1] - 188 COMMONWEALTH [1] - 1972

community [3] - 161 11113 1591

Community [9] - 113 115 23 1273 13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

comparing [1] - 5715 compel [2] - 561 565

complain [1] - 7517 complaining [1] -836

complaint [8] - 641

compliment [1] -7619

comply [2] - 9416 952

components [1] -1596

comprehensive [3] -1453 14616 16017

compromise [1] -4615

con [1] - 1404 conceived [1] -15411

concept [2] - 3718 404

concern [22] - 2615 2717 4415 465 4716 595 635 739 7312 7318 7815 7818 966 11710 1232 13212 1331 1521 1524 1663 16910 18413

concerned [19] - 397 4718 591 763 765 7718 7719 795 8019 824 825 831 838 8313 8611

combination [2] -

4

14111 14218 1434 16613

concerns [13] - 268 418 4418 451 497 5012 769 9615 9619 1219 14913 1504 18719

concur [7] - 4019 4117 423 8918 901 15217 1547

condenser [8] -4416 4510 4511 4514 4515 4517 466 4618

condition [6] - 314 401 453 789 12713 1281

conditional [1] -18813

conditioner [1] - 454 conditioning [4] -309 316 417 425

conditions [2] - 918 507

condoized [1] - 1810 confer [3] - 13112 1369 1736

confident [1] - 9616 confines [1] - 812 confirm [1] - 3819 confirmed [1] - 311 confirming [1] - 4016 conflict [1] - 1557 conform [5] - 6510 7119 737 9815 1309

conformance [11] -5616 607 611 612 617 962 9718 13012 1396 15110 16518

conforming [27] -1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 603 7017 7110 7910 816 922 9218 9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1365 1396

conformities [2] -333 9116

conformity [10] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 935 973 978 979 992

confused [4] -12118 1292 1343 1345

confusing [1] - 8215 confusion [3] - 631 10715 16418

congratulate [1] -4115

Connolly [2] - 111 45

CONNOLLY [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

conscious [1] - 1146 consciously [1] -1125

consensus [5] -1493 1496 16014 16716 17216

consequences [3] -5812 14210 1841

consider [5] - 993 10114 1031 15919 1622

consideration [4] -6312 6519 10413 16911

considerations [1] -5315

considered [3] -1031 1073 1363

considers [1] - 1407 consistent [3] - 626 868 1481

constitutes [2] - 826 1355

constructed [1] - 211 construction [8] -915 917 109 1011 1012 136 291 829

constructive [1] -510

consult [1] - 1166 consultant [1] - 8116 consulted [2] - 409 1734

contact [1] - 382 content [1] - 12413 context [2] - 1055 10516

continuance [1] -14110

continue [7] - 1814 322 324 5513 1398 18516

1886 Continued [2] - 219 219

continues [1] - 632 continuing [2] - 153 1584

continuous [5] - 734 1069 10614 1073 1074

CONTROL [1] -19719

control [4] - 3713 7813 15813 1597

controlled [1] - 1879 conventional [1] -504

conversation [2] -323 901

conversations [2] -5010 982

Conversion [1] - 28 conversion [2] - 195 1919

convert [4] - 27 1315 1415 4919

converted [2] - 3314 1406

conveyed [1] - 1922 conveyor [1] - 19113 convince [1] - 10315 copy [1] - 1956 core [2] - 6318 8018 corner [3] - 63 133 177

correct [14] - 1619 182 1819 1916 211 236 253 3316 11917 13415 13417 13811 17315 18310

correction [1] - 1965 corrections [2] -19512 19617

correctly [5] - 794 9914 1023 1294 1604

cost [1] - 467 costs [3] - 9816 14213 14215

Council [50] - 412 414 526 688 716 7918 1102 1231 12311 12314 12319 1249 12517 12519 1412 14613 1494 15012 15016 15115 1529

15219 15512 1572 15716 15918 1622 16214 1634 1688 1695 16915 1703 17012 17118 1731 17312 17318 17612 18018 1856 18516 1867 1885 1889 18814 19117 1922 1928 19219

COUNCILLOR [5] -1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

Councillor [3] -11515 1702 1916

councillor [1] - 1914 Councillors [1] -1475

counter [1] - 4316 country [1] - 7816 couple [6] - 411 2411 3518 7716 9818 13317

course [1] - 9713 Court [1] - 11415 court [1] - 1477 cover [3] - 484 12915 12916

covered [3] - 1717 4714 545

covers [2] - 1011 576

craft [1] - 14615 Craigy [2] - 12615 12617

crane [1] - 11316 create [5] - 214 32 286 5311 809

creates [1] - 7314 creating [3] - 303 804 856

creatures [1] - 12019 credit [1] - 7817 criticism [1] - 511 critique [3] - 10719 1082 1084

crossed [1] - 10617 crushed [1] - 289 curb [1] - 1282 curious [1] - 841 current [2] - 818 1355

cut [2] - 10410 1283 cyclists [1] - 10118

D

dally [1] - 479 damage [1] - 2616 damn [1] - 1478 dark [2] - 2216 1043 Dash [1] - 116 DATE [1] - 1961 date [3] - 911 13710 1966

daughters [1] - 1533 day-to-day [1] - 1749 days [4] - 285 11815 1694

deal [6] - 6815 7110 803 1522 1602 1725

dealing [5] - 7912 809 1008 1428 15119

decades [1] - 13616 deceased [1] - 135 December [1] - 912 decibel [1] - 461 decide [6] - 525 11813 12016 1244 12519 15116

decision [6] - 1133 11811 11815 1261 1883 19210

decisions [1] - 1157 deck [7] - 149 2611 301 347 348 3411 357

decker [2] - 1216 1217

decorative [1] - 1079 dedicated [2] - 3319 14818

deemed [2] - 766 1004

deer [1] - 13318 defer [1] - 917 define [1] - 4017 defined [4] - 217 1141 1142 1203

defining [2] - 3815 12010

definitely [1] - 4715 definition [4] - 7710 8212 944 11618

definitions [4] - 214 576 735 11413

degree [2] - 15819 delay [1] - 406 delete [2] - 10714 1295

deleted [1] - 6315

5

delivered [4] - 1953 1957 1958 19510

demand [1] - 9812 demarcate [1] - 3116 demolition [1] - 2819 demonstrate [1] -10514

demonstrated [1] -6113

dense [1] - 3719 denser [1] - 1438 density [2] - 1651 1652

Department [13] -718 10416 11117 1166 11614 14619 15113 15915 1733 1737 1868 1954 1959

departments [1] -16311

describe [1] - 186 described [3] - 6017 801 894

Design [2] - 216 1116

design [1] - 4115 desire [2] - 94 14411

desired [2] - 9710 9719

despite [2] - 1089 detail [2] - 645 1932 details [5] - 403 408 5013 11913 1612

detectors [1] - 10612 deteriorated [1] -1516

deterioration [1] -177

determination [1] -752

determine [4] - 8312 8411 14915 1514

determined [3] - 211 2712 1738

develop [4] - 2913 14318 14319 1611

developed [2] - 2911 3113

developers [1] -14214

developing [1] -16017

Development [8] -113 115 23

13619 14619 14716 1953 1958

development [2] -703 1419

Developments [1] -1273

deviate [1] - 5317 device [1] - 18119 diagram [2] - 786 791

dialogue [1] - 2514 diameter [1] - 1049 diametric [1] - 4013 difference [4] - 4513 469 1299 1561

differences [1] -1105

different [26] - 2415 2416 5419 552 624 625 6916 7018 8412 9015 9410 9411 1109 1142 12013 12019 1225 12211 12219 16110 1622 17414 17415 17811 1827

differently [2] - 197 392

difficult [4] - 5910 5913 6517 1414

difficulty [1] - 16919 dilly [1] - 478 dimensional [2] -816 505

dimensionally [2] -331 504

diminished [1] -1048

diminishing [1] -1416

direct [6] - 736 1069 1115 1389 17819 1798

DIRECT [1] - 19719 Direct [1] - 215 direction [2] - 865 8919

DIRECTION [1] -19719

directions [1] - 3912 directly [2] - 244 6015

directness [1] - 579 disagree [4] - 1587 18215 1839 1848

discomfort [1] - 756 discover [2] - 13215

15516 discovering [1] -15810

discovers [1] - 18412 discretionary [1] -5313

discuss [4] - 3215 3917 4010 1859

discussed [4] - 507 1227 18014 1932

discusses [1] - 707 discussion [13] -5019 5112 1092 10918 12319 13816 15213 16210 1639 1645 1647 1832 1834

discussions [3] -416 10711 17017

disposal [2] - 1459 15714

distance [4] - 1512 455 457 4512

distinction [2] - 996 9911

distribution [3] -1610 1611 1968

District [5] - 817 818 1314 505 1402

district [6] - 16415 16419 1651 1652 1678 1806

Districts [6] - 34 13614 13813 15615 1775 1784

districts [20] - 625 6212 6213 633 637 12918 12919 1383 1388 13815 1417 16416 16419 1658 16516 16610 16614 1744 1818 18417

divide [2] - 198 226 division [1] - 13310 DO [1] - 1965 Doctor [1] - 1428 document [1] - 574 documents [1] -14515

DOES [1] - 19718 dog [1] - 1177 done [15] - 264 2913 436 448

4413 522 7018 886 919 11919 12411 13219 1503 15711

door [4] - 1712 2114 442 6615

doubt [2] - 13114 13312

down [21] - 173 176 2218 485 566 669 8518 865 11111 11117 11514 11515 11613 11615 1173 1183 12011 13819 14315 1536 17817

downwards [1] - 895 draft [9] - 5213 5214 5217 1479 17111 19116 1937 1938 19315

drafted [5] - 7915 1503 15312 1629 17219

drafting [3] - 12510 1604 1843

drawing [2] - 217 3013

drawings [1] - 917 drink [1] - 3417 drive [1] - 761 driven [2] - 641 8813

driveway [10] - 94 95 145 146 1413 1715 8612 8617 1128 1283

driveways [1] -10611

duration [1] - 1012 during [6] - 9712 9713 1063 13319 13515 15410

Dwelling [1] - 210 dwelling [3] - 210 1310 503

dynamics [1] - 10116

easy [3] - 672 11315 18316

echo [1] - 902 edges [1] - 12916 Edmunds [1] - 1087 educational [1] -14219

effect [7] - 152 287 782 1064 14312 1657 16911

effective [4] - 7813 16217 1698 17114

efforts [2] - 918 1218

egress [1] - 149 eight [7] - 111 4217 475 4814 4818 494

either [9] - 495 615 11812 11814 1309 14114 14410 15017 19018

elaborated [1] -16318

Electrical [1] - 9215 electricity [1] - 1467 elements [3] - 10815 10817 1126

eleventh [1] - 18012 elimination [1] -17816

emphasis [1] - 773 empire [1] - 129 empty [1] - 518 enable [1] - 546 enabling [1] - 685 Enabling [1] - 719 enact [1] - 1891 enacted [2] - 18514 18515

enacting [1] - 16216 enactment [1] - 1051 enclave [1] - 2614 encompass [1] -15617

encompassing [1] -9210

encourage [4] - 613 712 4617 14317

end [10] - 97 629 7118 7713 1159 12014 17317 18016 18515 1897

endorsing [1] -18512

ends [1] - 1556 enforce [21] - 5910 7011 1071

E

e-mail [2] - 1014 1323

early [1] - 18815 easel [1] - 1112 easier [1] - 6711 easily [1] - 498 east [2] - 2016 4813

6

11112 11217 1109 1142 7217 19210 222 4112 10313 11517 11813 14710 except [3] - 12814 explanations [1] - fancier [1] - 1564 11814 1291 entirety [1] - 1355 18812 19616 905 far [4] - 1325 14518 12911 14116 entitled [1] - 7714 exceptions [4] - 589 explicit [2] - 11413 1462 1701 14319 1441 entrance [1] - 3116 5812 9212 14713 fast [1] - 15216 14916 15112 entrances [1] - 10710 explicitly [2] - 11013 favor [5] - 511 514 1566 1583 17411 excuse [3] - 13019 1796 15218 15219 18910 19215 entry [1] - 1717 13418 1584 expressed [2] - 464 15917 19216 enumerated [1] - exempt [1] - 1068 14911 favorably [1] - 1102

enforceability [1] - 1388 exercise [1] - 906 extend [1] - 277 fee [1] - 11817 1482 environment [3] - exist [1] - 1808 extended [1] - 16315 feedback [1] - 678

enforceable [1] - 381 10213 1033 existed [1] - 12818 extension [4] - 910 fees [1] - 1131 19214 environmental [1] - existence [5] - 5412 2113 5415 5416 feet [9] - 192 1912

enforced [15] - 6015 7815 5717 1002 extensive [2] - 109 4217 4317 4319 6916 11411 environments [1] - 12712 12713 5811 4818 744 7510 12716 12717 1598 existing [45] - 27 extent [7] - 553 1795 15518 1562 equipment [2] - 172 175 1710 5919 9019 9112 fell [1] - 95 15914 1636 14118 17411 184 1812 2018 9315 13011 fellow [3] - 464 1637 1659 1901 equivalent [2] - 855 222 3315 369 14716 4917 7916 1906 1907 1408 3610 3815 544 exterior [4] - 2617 felt [3] - 1509 19011 era [1] - 14513 561 566 5611 3010 948 10511 16214 19310

enforcement [33] - Errata [4] - 1952 6218 7012 7110 external [2] - 1155 few [3] - 467 915 5313 5912 5914 1955 19513 7114 806 953 1178 1898 6317 641 644 1967 956 973 977 extra [2] - 1689 field [1] - 1513 6411 7018 759 ERRATA [3] - 1951 9814 1149 1188 1898 figure [4] - 627 832 8813 9115 19517 1963 12011 1282 extremely [2] - 4518 1565 15813 9319 985 1106 errata [1] - 1966 1308 13113 466 19213 1118 1119 espouse [1] - 15611 13214 13411 eye [1] - 667 figures [1] - 1131 11115 11118 essence [1] - 15517 1516 1561 1566 file [2] - 6419 14411 11518 1204 13819 1394

essentially [4] -5817 929 9317

16117 1649 16719 1721

F filed [2] - 17314 17316

14114 1522 15619 1601 16314 16417 1721 1723 1896

enforcer [1] - 11612 enforcing [2] - 586 888

engage [1] - 1246 engaging [1] - 16019 engineered [1] -15419

engineers [2] -10211 10810

enhancement [1] -1519

enjoy [1] - 784 enjoyment [2] -11214 1413

enlargement [2] -9412 9414

enlarging [1] - 957 enormous [1] - 4512 enter [1] - 148 entering [2] - 10613 1798

enthusiasm [1] -16211

9918 established [2] - 696 13517

establishment [1] -1382

estate [1] - 74 et [1] - 213 etcetera [5] - 2610 1069 17816

evening [3] - 46 121 2314

eventually [2] - 6812 1685

everywhere [1] -9613

evidence [1] - 616 exacerbated [1] -333

exactly [8] - 813 10917 13617 1514 16110 16111 1747 19210

examine [1] - 6911 example [4] - 6912 10214 14211 1467

17218 1757 1896

expand [2] - 12913 12916

expanding [1] - 1041 expansiveness [1] -9516

expedient [2] -17110 1759

expense [1] - 1186 experience [4] - 386 7014 912 15814

experienced [2] -1191 16019

expert [8] - 6818 914 1114 15016 1513 15416 15514 1603

expertise [4] - 10416 10418 14115 14118

experts [7] - 10414 10811 1121 1339 1531 1557 16813

expiration [1] - 911 expire [1] - 10911

facade [3] - 63 488 4812

facilitate [1] - 601 facilities [1] - 17616 Facilities [1] - 216 facility [2] - 1746 17410

facing [4] - 1111 1026 15117 17616

fact [10] - 568 604 766 792 8115 8216 12716 1583 1592 1824

factors [1] - 582 failing [1] - 14215 fails [1] - 1821 fairly [1] - 3016 fall [8] - 1501 17317 17617 18117 1862 1888 18815

falling [2] - 1661 1825

falls [1] - 944 familiar [1] - 241

filled [2] - 69 713 final [5] - 9912 11815 11816 11915 1302

findings [1] - 506 fine [5] - 2515 6713 10417 1138 15811

finish [1] - 1386 finished [1] - 1132 firm [1] - 1093 firs [1] - 3518 first [23] - 48 2310 248 283 5018 576 6818 693 714 7116 799 8114 8818 908 9118 10216 10219 12614 13110 1349 1549 15919 1932

firsthand [1] - 7010 five [1] - 1449 fix [18] - 615 11016 11510 15412 1553 15616

entire [3] - 1012 examples [3] - 6919 Expires [1] - 19716 families [1] - 9910 17514 1767 12912 14613 7010 10912 explain [1] - 12711 family [7] - 122 18010 18019

entirely [4] - 2817 exceed [2] - 723 explaining [2] - 1483 1317 1416 1518 18513 18515

7

8 18519 1869 1739 15816 657 6717 7313 hearing [15] - 118 1881 1891 1894 forwarded [1] - 1927 grain [1] - 10417 814 8219 881 5114 5218 5315 19012 four [1] - 1039 grandfather [2] - 913 981 9912 683 8114 1011

fixed [2] - 19310 fourth [1] - 1056 1122 1157 10013 1075 11819 1399 19311 fox [1] - 13318 grandfathered [6] - 12118 1551 1436 14911

fixing [1] - 6812 framework [2] - 554 1139 11410 1882 16611 17312 fixture [17] - 793 5514 1285 1328 guesses [1] - 16813 1765 1932 827 8211 8213 8616 921 923

frankly [3] - 4510 4612 15612

13810 14512 grandfathering [19] -

guy [2] - 1191 11911

hearings [1] - 5714 HEARINGS [1] - 26

926 933 11010 free [1] - 662 9611 1099 1106 guys [4] - 1192 hedge [8] - 2418 11012 11315 11716 1307

friendly [1] - 1262 frivolous [6] - 7611

11013 1137 1167 1207 1208

1195 12016 19114

276 2918 429 4315 448 4818

13010 13016 17510

834 835 837 14112

1278 12817 1332 1394 1451 H

495 hedges [1] - 414

fixtures [8] - 567 FROM [1] - 1613 14917 1508 hedging [1] - 4212 602 603 6014 10516 11714 17418 18116

flashing [2] - 10118 1074

flawed [1] - 14912 fledged [1] - 1692 floodlight [1] - 1828 floodlighting [3] -13613 17917 1807

floodlights [1] - 1744 floor [4] - 211 63 283 851

focus [3] - 2910 15619 18116

folks [3] - 397 496 13216

follow [1] - 10011 Following [1] - 219 following [4] - 214 5213 17815

foot [22] - 126 1715 199 2113 4810 4814 495 6118 6514 6515 6610 723 7217 749 842 852 855 8517 1025 11912 1569

footprint [1] - 2817 FOR [1] - 12 foregoing [1] - 19616 FOREGOING [1] -19717

form [2] - 5217 1747

former [1] - 7014 fort [1] - 1571 forth [5] - 1028 15610 1841 19113 1979

forward [10] - 3819 4119 4913 5516 6410 6413 807 12318 1716

front [4] - 146 1711 3519 8613

full [2] - 1102 1692 full-fledged [1] -1692

fuller [1] - 16114 fully [2] - 543 1507 functional [1] - 9715 fundamental [1] -1202

fundamentally [2] -12019 14912

funds [1] - 15717 future [2] - 8010 1514

G

game [1] - 14411 garage [2] - 1212 148

garbage [4] - 302 1197 1473

gate [1] - 8618 gee [1] - 18211 GENERAL [2] - 12 22

general [8] - 539 558 642 7716 8919 915 1291 15711

General [2] - 218 802

generally [6] - 862 971 14517 1547 15917 18915

gesturing [1] - 787 given [2] - 2413 1855

glare [1] - 216 glasses [1] - 516 goal [1] - 18517 gonna [1] - 11813 gosh [1] - 15518 government [1] -

1602 17519 1761 1877

grandmothering [1] -1878

granted [3] - 814 445 1137

grates [1] - 284 Great [1] - 4312 great [18] - 49 3013 3018 329 336 338 339 4111 4216 4419 516 713 714 816 919 16218 1749

greater [2] - 210 553

green [1] - 1216 Green [3] - 1399 13915 1401

Greg [1] - 1115 GREGORY [47] -1110 1114 132 1619 174 182 1811 191 1910 1916 205 211 2115 2119 229 232 236 256 2511 2516 261 265 274 2711 2810 299 318 3112 3316 344 348 3413 3512 3617 373 378 3712 419 4116 427 4214 439 4411 4619 487 4817 517

grey [1] - 13318 grocery [1] - 1511 gross [2] - 211 1911 ground [4] - 63 383 788 864

grow [1] - 4217 grows [1] - 10117 guess [18] - 1019 2411 2815 3311

half [13] - 127 128 1219 139 458 6118 662 6610 723 7217 7518 8116 1405

hand [2] - 1915 19711

handbook [1] - 1153 handle [1] - 11110 hands [1] - 593 hands) [1] - 512 happy [5] - 4416 451 1497 1499 19110

hard [3] - 477 844 11315

hardship [4] - 13211 13215 13216 13218

harm [1] - 16218 harmed [1] - 14311 Harvard [1] - 13310 HAWKINSON [2] -14712 1914

Hawkinson [1] -14712

head [4] - 168 10119 1022 15513

health [7] - 1112 1115 1331 1335 1423 14210 14216

hear [8] - 3016 3017 402 675 12118 1251 19110 1924

heard [14] - 55 5017 6814 12317 12618 13111 13413 14113 1445 14415 14714 1621 16317 17515

HEARING [1] - 12

height [5] - 414 429 4212 4215 14010

held [2] - 5718 16310

help [8] - 8116 1226 1324 13218 13813 16019 1612 1624

helpful [1] - 17014 helps [3] - 1397 15819

hereby [1] - 19617 hereinbefore [1] -1979

hereunto [1] - 19711 hi [1] - 1110 Hi [1] - 1446 HID [3] - 12813 13013 13014

high [5] - 279 6119 629 667 11316

higher [1] - 1651 highlight [1] - 7817 hire [6] - 10414 15016 1522 15416 1603 16812

historian [1] - 13618 historical [1] - 1043 hit [1] - 8018 hold [4] - 8513 1051 1252 1571

home [1] - 1519 homeowner [1] -1183

honorable [1] -17612

hood [1] - 13213 hope [4] - 1158 1694 16914 17810

hopefully [2] - 8818 11511

hoping [4] - 1414

9 679 1266 1928 1835 1863 1866 10310 1111 indulge [1] - 14017 494 1977

horizontally [1] - 863 18612 18616 14816 15117 indulgence [2] - interesting [3] - 785 Hospital [1] - 1127 18619 1873 1523 18616 2513 3119 9110 1215 hot [1] - 1033 18812 18819 importantly [1] - industrial [3] - interests [1] - 1846

Hotel [2] - 89 812 18915 1903 1515 16610 1743 interfere [1] - 3914

hour [3] - 116 1092 1908 1912 1916 impossible [1] - 17517 interim [2] - 1623 18012 1919 1936 10314 inexpensive [1] - 16917

hours [2] - 1192 house [37] - 127

19314 Hugh [8] - 17 42

improper [1] - 1459 improve [1] - 1275

4218 infestation [1] - 1457

interpretation [1] -1849

128 129 1219 139 1310 222 244 2419 2518 269 2617 3017

3118 8011 8319 1212 14413 15214

Hughs [1] - 751

improved [2] - 335 4910

improvement [1] -8017

informal [1] - 16918 information [1] -19219

informed [1] - 13619

interpreted [1] - 9119 interrupt [1] - 1348 interrupted [1] -6712

376 414 437 hundreds [1] - 12714 improving [1] - 2919 initial [2] - 5317 intersection [1] -4315 4318 458 husband [1] - 135 impulse [1] - 1425 8215 1284 4719 489 4810 4816 742 743 I

IN [1] - 19711 inaudible [3] - 1077

initiate [1] - 16016 insert [2] - 17812

invisible [1] - 1716 involve [1] - 933

8612 9419 953 1157 17315 17815 involved [1] - 248 968 1059 10510 10511 1177 1184 1282 1289 1879

houses [1] - 481 hue [1] - 4215 hues [2] - 4216 4217

huge [1] - 10517 HUGH [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693 1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831

idea [6] - 517 2613 338 355 4211 1664

ideal [1] - 15414 ignore [1] - 1728 ignored [1] - 1366 illegally [1] - 1364 illuminance [8] - 581 582 848 8417 851 8515 8517 862

illuminating [1] -1024

illumination [3] -598 7715 11618

Illumination [1] - 33 illustrating [1] - 887 imagine [1] - 13313 imagining [1] - 856 immediate [2] - 5011 15715

immediately [2] -7114 17313

immortal [1] - 19019 immune [1] - 1418 impact [7] - 1514 984 1032 10518 12919 1518 1677

impacted [1] - 12917 impacts [1] - 16516 implementing [1] -17711

implication [1] -1854

implications [2] -1204 1207

implicit [1] - 14714 imply [1] - 632 important [12] -3618 371 396 434 437 9111

inaudible) [2] - 202 484

Inaudible) [2] - 2311 12116

INC [1] - 117 incandescent [2] -12810 12815

incandescents [1] -12812

inches [1] - 1048 inclined [1] - 916 include [6] - 363 364 16015 1732 1796

included [9] - 577 589 596 5918 7914 10618 1614 16112

includes [1] - 1331 including [3] - 9115 18716 18918

income [1] - 1813 incorporate [1] -1219

increase [1] - 592 increasingly [1] -7815

incredible [1] -19113

indeed [1] - 718 Index [1] - 36 indicate [1] - 19512 indicated [2] - 914 1808

indicating [1] -12512

Indirect [1] - 215 indirect [3] - 32 34 734

individual [3] - 654 756 7511

indoor [3] - 596 599 10213

Inspectional [4] -941 9812 14510 15718

Inspector [1] - 206 install [3] - 9215 1759

installed [2] - 562 13611

installer [2] - 6110 6113

installing [2] - 8815 10218

instance [4] - 588 5814 5818 987

instances [2] - 5510 1756

instead [1] - 653 INSTRUCTIONS [3] -1951 19511 1964

instructions [1] -1968

instrument [2] -1046 15811

instrumentation [1] -1206

instruments [1] -11619

insurance [2] - 75 1184

intend [1] - 2916 intended [3] - 722 16011 1799

intends [2] - 6416 1755

intensely [1] - 15815 intensity [1] - 858 intent [2] - 539 7413 intention [1] - 1698 interaction [1] - 382 interest [3] - 3014 413 12619

interested [3] - 2412

inward [1] - 272 issue [32] - 2918 307 4210 5313 541 545 715 773 777 7815 7818 881 1122 11910 12216 1242 1305 1337 13311 13313 14917 1507 1508 1512 15119 1602 1648 1766 1844 1845 18611 1887

issues [11] - 6412 8018 872 1272 1338 1515 1516 15117 1525 15812 1682

item [5] - 48 51 5111 648 1353

iteration [1] - 312 itself [6] - 364 3616 5215 6012 19514 1966

J

jail [1] - 8717 jam [1] - 417 Jeff [25] - 5116 521 529 6712 711 713 7618 797 904 906 9019 10015 10017 10112 1066 1108 1142 12710 1294 13415 1606 1662 16818 1717 1742

JEFF [31] - 528

6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514 9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

Jeffs [2] - 1217 1225

Jo [3] - 1317 1319 19016

JO [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

job [7] - 516 6812 713 714 887 1012 1324

John [2] - 14711 14712

JOHN [2] - 14712 1914

judgment [2] - 1719 18314

July [3] - 13 415 55

jurisdiction [1] - 461 justification [1] -1426

kinds [2] - 9919 1248

kitchen [2] - 4316 4815

knowledge [5] - 319 349 7418 912 19710

known [1] - 1361

L

lab [1] - 1406 lack [4] - 14117 14118

lacks [2] - 14114 1435

ladder [2] - 4318 442

laid [3] - 946 1473 1879

Lamp [1] - 215 lamp [1] - 5910 lamps [1] - 1022 land [1] - 1153 landscape [2] - 2913 4412

landscaping [1] -5013

language [35] - 2816 5516 5517 609 726 7313 765 7914 1015 10115 1225 12317 12318 1264 12914 12916 1617 1618 1628 16216 1649 1653 16712 16816 1716 17218 17614 17619 1774 17719 17916 18114 18211 18519 1877

languages [1] -14610

large [2] - 3016 15819

largely [1] - 5317 larger [1] - 1616 largest [1] - 1043 last [18] - 510 98 4412 5314 715 772 10813 10918 11716 12117 1267 13116 1405 14013 14911 1619 1817 18711

lastly [1] - 1148 late [1] - 1813 law [8] - 5411 559 774 9919 1291 1421 1847 18919

Law [5] - 717 1166 1733 1736 1868

lawful [1] - 12718 lawfully [4] - 5412 12712 12713

laws [3] - 546 548 698

Lawson [1] - 1974 lawyer [1] - 1837 lawyers [1] - 11214 laxer [1] - 1437 layman [1] - 1275 laymens [1] - 845 learned [1] - 13817 lease [2] - 3615 3815

leases [7] - 361 369 3610 4017 4613 4616

least [10] - 666 9318 1042 12913 1596 16417 18411 18911 1902 19317

leave [3] - 9217 1333 1358

leaving [1] - 10613 left [6] - 1210 1217 6116 6311 8213

legal [11] - 151 154 563 6819 922 11211 1169 1365 1396 16912 1845

legitimacy [2] -12719 13112

legitimate [1] - 7516 Lesley [2] - 104 108 less [5] - 1818 192 5312 14311 1523

lesson [1] - 14011 letters [1] - 11812 level [9] - 4517 462 662 7419 753 14219 1655 16518 17012

Li [5] - 134 136 2713 439 4418

Lianne [6] - 212 1118 2718 288 308 499

Liannes [1] - 259 license [1] - 828

License [1] - 19715 life [2] - 9713 1556 Light [2] - 215 215 light [82] - 3115 5113 5611 604 6011 6019 616 663 6614 704 707 7113 736 743 7519 7615 781 7813 7818 8211 8213 849 8413 8414 8416 8417 8419 856 858 8513 8517 8814 893 1025 10219 10414 10516 1072 1073 1074 10815 10817 10818 10819 11011 1113 1114 1115 1124 1129 1138 11311 11312 1143 1147 11518 12011 1307 13115 13214 13315 1388 1389 1429 1432 14312 1453 14919 15119 1535 17819 1798 17910 17914 18116 18117 1825 18212

Lighting [2] - 32 34 lighting [73] - 3111 3113 395 398 3910 3913 5012 544 561 562 566 5611 5615 5815 592 596 599 659 687 703 7016 793 846 8615 8616 898 914 9216 951 953 961 9610 9711 9712 9718 9813 9814 995 10215 10515 1067 10610 1079 10811 1097 1126 11512 11513 11917 1338 13410 13412 13517 1361 13610 1372 1409 14617 1471 1478 1532 1597

16018 1747 1748 17412 17417 1753 1758 17818 18518

lights [22] - 217 3114 3911 8710 10116 10119 10212 1032 1035 10410 10816 1116 1149 11410 1162 1175 12810 13112 13113 1321 1878

limit [1] - 17710 limitations [5] -16411 16414 1722 1724 1727

Limitations [1] - 218 limited [2] - 1002 15113

limits [1] - 1018 Lincoln [1] - 11215 LINE [1] - 1969 line [13] - 1010 2111 2419 261 271 277 455 4610 482 724 745 11217 1353

list [5] - 49 1014 639 10710 12614

listen [2] - 9013 9016

listened [2] - 771 12617

lit [2] - 8117 1129 literally [1] - 296 litigated [2] - 14918 14919

live [4] - 1325 13914 1401 1448

lives [1] - 2311 living [8] - 615 1814 3719 424 1438 14310 14312 14514

Liza [6] - 115 514 617 71 87 1113

LIZA [17] - 414 54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

located [1] - 1044 location [4] - 61 4415 4514 7512

K

Kaya [2] - 89 812 keep [3] - 5316 668 978

Kelly [1] - 11911 Ken [1] - 12616 Kendall [1] - 1762 Kenneth [1] - 12615 KENNETH [9] -12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

key [2] - 4513 1139 KeyWord [1] - 36 kidding [1] - 18710 kids [1] - 77 kind [17] - 286 3012 311 4212 594 651 6511 8413 852 891 9211 1027 16317 1725 17417 1789 1924

10

locations [2] - 1510 1023 15717 15718 2717 308 10318 modified [4] - 5517 671 map [1] - 157 MEANS [1] - 19718 1076 1368 15911

long-term [1] - 18517 March [1] - 1132 meant [6] - 568 Merrimack [1] - 1116 1617 look [22] - 513 103 MARILYN [4] - 5613 631 974 meter [2] - 8511 modify [2] - 33 532 242 2417 298 13912 13916 1159 1653 8514 moles [1] - 1342 305 3714 496 13919 14316 measure [9] - 8414 method [1] - 11010 moment [5] - 509 6213 663 6912 Marilyn [2] - 13912 8510 8511 metrics [1] - 1603 533 1348 17016 6918 815 10619 1401 15013 1553 mic [1] - 1802 1814 1174 11810 Marjorie [2] - 1399 15613 16216 microphone [2] - money [2] - 13218 13117 1567 13910 1633 16313 674 677 14117 1748 1754 1755 mark [1] - 492 measured [2] - 852 midsummer [3] - month [2] - 406 18317 Mark [6] - 2311 863 413 1695 1705 1579

looked [4] - 59 196 2315 4310 4415 measurement [1] - might [39] - 272 months [3] - 411 6919 11610 472 4718 874 293 294 295 915 1898

looking [13] - 5712 MARK [15] - 2314 measuring [1] - 297 4218 447 mood [1] - 393 5715 646 779 258 2519 263 15413 4413 482 4814 morning [2] - 242 7713 788 1061 266 279 2714 meat [1] - 15913 5718 606 7114 1195 17414 17415 2814 305 315 mechanical [1] - 499 782 966 993 mortar [1] - 172 17610 17613 3110 3117 329 mechanicals [3] - 996 1007 1032 most [14] - 77 246 1778 1789 491 493 388 389 3810 10317 1052 3710 4713 597

looks [6] - 105 Marks [1] - 451 mechanism [3] - 10512 10518 7711 9110 9111 2016 253 306 market [1] - 1022 6916 823 8813 1063 1079 16215 1654 761 10812 marks [3] - 254 mechanisms [2] - 12314 1348 17113 17114

lots [1] - 189 19514 1966 819 15916 1435 1437 1759 1813 loud [1] - 4511 markups [1] - 1858 Medical [1] - 13310 15818 16217 mostly [1] - 5210 low [1] - 6210 marriage [1] - 1976 meet [1] - 14515 16517 16519 motion [8] - 4913 lower [2] - 6617 masonry [1] - 178 Meeting [1] - 25 1689 17118 4918 5014 5019 1652 Mass [2] - 701 meeting [14] - 47 1779 1867 511 10117

lowering [1] - 14215 14713 413 415 418 18613 1904 10611 1072 lowest [1] - 662 MASSACHUSETTS 2914 6710 mile [1] - 7518 Mount [1] - 1127 Luminaire [1] - 215 [1] - 1972 13116 1696 mind [4] - 4118 mouth [1] - 14414 luminaire [3] - 664 Massachusetts [6] - 1704 1705 1707 7215 835 10617 move [4] - 3011 1795 1799 15 16 1117 1856 1857 mine [1] - 259 4119 6410 676

luminance [6] - 847 1045 1403 1404 18511 minimal [1] - 746 moved [4] - 106 848 8411 8415 match [1] - 1713 meetings [2] - 11113 minimally [1] - 1514 138 5015 1739 855 15610 material [4] - 289 1817 minimum [4] - 211 movement [1] - 272

lux [2] - 8511 8514 1034 1035 1036 materials [2] - 2716

meets [3] - 1913 732

1818 665 13011 minor [2] - 796

moving [1] - 4511 multi [4] - 999

M 415 matter [11] - 102

MEMBER [2] - 1613 673

1654 minute [3] - 111

10313 1578 1579

magic [1] - 116 magnitudes [1] -10411

mail [2] - 1014 1323 main [1] - 17812 maintain [3] - 5610 9516 973

maintenance [1] -5013

Maintenance [1] -216

major [6] - 1103

4314 6115 14019 1421 1422 14417 1572 1976 1977

matters [4] - 4010 6819 916 16814

maximizing [1] -14214

mean [25] - 3410 384 483 7515 8211 832 839 883 9315 963 9613 10415

Member [7] - 18 19 19 110 110 111 111

members [7] - 121 513 7916 908 9013 1237 15511

Members [2] - 42 4917

memo [5] - 7914 7918 19116 1924 1929

memorialize [1] -

1086 1254 minutes [2] - 479 11914

miscellaneous [1] -706

misgivings [1] -14419

missed [1] - 1436 missing [5] - 7711 7715 785 11413 17713

mistaken [1] - 9913 models [1] - 5719

multi-family [1] -10313

multi-month [1] -1579

multi-unit [1] - 999 multi-year [1] - 1578 multiple [2] - 1449 14610

municipal [20] - 687 11917 1453 14615 14616 1478 15018 1541 15419

1104 1201 10614 1261 1149 modern [2] - 14011 15712 1601 13718 14210 12717 13013 memorialized [1] - 17413 16017 16018

Manager [4] - 113 13912 1644 1163 modification [4] - 16212 1692 15115 16310 1654 1717 1726 memorializing [1] - 16719 1683 1701 18717 17119 17914 1809 1277 1688 17018 Municipal [7] - 547

manager [1] - 23 1852 memory [1] - 9913 modifications [4] - 694 8314 1096 manner [3] - 552 means [5] - 8417 mention [1] - 432 5211 5310 1097 11018 6413 1574 8516 12717 mentioned [4] - 16113 1629 1247

manufactured [1] -

11

Murphy [2] - 113 23 MURPHY [1] - 5015 music [2] - 1532 1536

must [6] - 659 951 14416 1467 1727

N

nails [1] - 12011 name [6] - 1115 2312 352 3514 13919 1446

natural [1] - 9713 nature [1] - 295 nay [1] - 1538 near [1] - 4815 nearby [2] - 159 1510

nearly [1] - 7712 necessarily [3] -5610 6417 7518

necessary [1] - 269 need [21] - 2616 327 387 388 3812 3814 3819 411 6314 9012 9016 9319 10414 11713 12415 12913 12915 14618 15713 1861 19310

needed [1] - 15015 needs [6] - 2912 1512 1531 15711 15719 1921

neighbor [6] - 4419 463 6615 6811 788 878

neighbors [1] - 443 neighborhood [11] -67 1514 1519 2319 11116 1121 11612 1193 1321 13314 13316

neighbors [10] - 384 3913 5819 7612 11211 11212 11419 1457 17511

network [1] - 685 never [3] - 1159 12715 1287

new [25] - 211 214 32 49 84 173 2819 5518 5616 5915 634 6313

703 817 828 9215 958 9716 1184 12110 1309 1368 1369

newer [2] - 602 1752

news [2] - 412 1610 newspaper [1] - 1611 Newton [2] - 701 801

Newtons [1] - 6919 next [13] - 410 51 104 1013 112 416 442 5111 6316 6615 7613 11519 1869

next-door [2] - 442 6615

nice [6] - 304 3718 4114 496 4911 11616

nicely [1] - 11519 night [12] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 10117 10412 11617 11619 1206 1337 13314 1344

nightmare [1] - 8219 nobody [3] - 3218 14511 18213

noise [14] - 2717 287 3015 416 4516 4517 4617 498 6912 7112 1409 14210 1432 1532

Non [2] - 27 28 non [44] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 195 3219 333 337 4919 558 5512 569 5611 602 6213 6819 7110 7910 816 9112 9116 922 9212 9216 973 978 979 992 9919 1005 1009 10510 1073 1074 1285 1286 1364 1396 15110 1806 1896

non-conformance [1] - 15110

non-conforming [23] - 1313 1316 1318 1415 1515 3219 337 5512 5611 602 7110 7910 816 922

9919 1009 10510 1285 1286 1364 1396

non-conformities [2] - 333 9116

non-conformity [9] -558 569 9112 9212 9216 973 978 979 992

non-continuous [2] -1073 1074

non-enforcement [1] - 1896

non-residential [4] -195 4919 6213 1806

Non-Residential [2] -27 28

non-zoning [2] -6819 1005

nonetheless [1] -15814

Norfolk [2] - 56 714 noses [1] - 296 NOT [3] - 19514 1965 19718

Notary [3] - 1967 1975 19714

notations [2] -19514 1966

note [7] - 619 6414 656 657 734 1043 1964

noted [2] - 7413 19617

notes [4] - 14014 1696 17112 1979

nothing [4] - 4611 4614 1454 1708

notice [1] - 1847 notify [1] - 1673 notion [3] - 1552 1694 17016

nowadays [1] - 4518 noxious [1] - 14311 nuisance [2] - 805 11213

nuisances [1] -11218

number [3] - 210 665 1165

numbering [1] - 575 numbers [1] - 2510 NUR [9] - 4713 4811 4819 492 10111 15214 15216 1875 18811

Nur [2] - 111 1917

O 8616 8617 9912 1023 1025 1029 1055 1065 1077 1118 11217 1195 1258 12710 12814 1333 14810 14916 1533 1534 1535 15617 1608 1626 16415 1757 17517 1778 18015 1917 19317

ones [1] - 1414 one-story [3] - 1210 1311 1815

onerous [2] - 994 1186

ones [4] - 2018 214 216 11717

ongoing [1] - 808 open [8] - 225 334 3313 3315 342 3511 3715 5218

opening [1] - 958 openings [3] - 2015 2017 1799

opinion [2] - 6013 19317

opossums [1] - 1343 opportunities [1] -6412

opportunity [3] -4010 1674 18210

opposed [2] - 8316 10218

opposites [1] - 1534 opposition [1] - 403 opt [1] - 17310 order [4] - 535 6715 1058 14016

Ordinance [56] - 214 5410 554 556 594 684 695 6915 705 7011 747 7810 7812 791 802 10919 11018 11217 11816 1247 12411 1279 12816 12911 1306 13416 1352 1356 1357 1358 13510 1362 13615 1374 13712 13713 13716 13717 1381

oclock [1] - 475 OGrady [1] - 13119 objections [1] - 1933 observation [1] -15515

observations [1] -1549

observatory [1] -10410

observed [1] - 6015 obviously [7] - 2615 357 3617 484 7719 963 15112

occupancy [1] - 1181 Occupancy [1] -1186

occupied [2] - 1317 186

occupier [1] - 2315 occupy [1] - 502 occur [1] - 2817 occurring [1] - 3014 October [1] - 2319 OF [7] - 12 673 19516 1972 19717 19718 19719

Off-Street [1] - 216 off-street [1] - 17615 offenses [1] - 706 offensive [1] - 17510 offer [3] - 1007 1335 17213

offering [2] - 12410 12412

office [5] - 73 75 989 1406 16616

OFFICIAL [1] - 118 officials [1] - 12213 often [5] - 11712 1182 1605 1746

old [2] - 601 6313 older [1] - 1752 on-line [1] - 1010 once [3] - 1099 11012 1555

one [68] - 418 59 715 127 1210 1311 154 1719 1815 1913 2015 227 2215 267 2812 3214 379 423 459 4716 5315 541 5510 5618 5916 6414 656 6514 6515 7013 7111 723 804 8213 8513

12

13 1393 1407 overreach [1] - 764 711 718 374 9918 1279 person [7] - 2310 14114 1426 overshadow [1] - 422 428 4216 13317 643 6418 835 14417 14518 4815 4312 456 8319 past [3] - 285 445 11814 12614 1462 14611 owe [1] - 19316 8610 8714 8718 6811 1317 14614 1511 own [7] - 2318 8810 8910 path [4] - 4810 personally [4] -1543 1593 5817 593 14215 13017 1311 9319 11417 6813 1501 1527 16612 17718 1556 16813 14314 1539 17117 17513 17814 18412 17311 15318 paved [1] - 2812 personnel [1] -18511 owned [2] - 134 Pamela [2] - 19 43 pay [3] - 9815 1144 15416

ordinance [25] - 1617 paragraph [11] - 1431 persons [1] - 1438 4516 6913 7112 7113 9915 1004 1097 11512 11513 1372

owner [26] - 1118 1315 1317 1412 1418 186 1811 2315 3619 614

1295 12910 13415 1354 1377 1384 16118 1684

PB282 [1] - 27 pending [1] - 1691 people [38] - 3416 372 3714 382

perspective [3] -8017 9115 9116

Petition [25] - 5113 812 11517 1465

1454 14616 649 6415 6418 17113 17114 383 4717 5116 14912 1502 14617 1478 653 742 755 1905 603 6719 7319 1528 15311 15018 1542 7514 804 805 Paragraph [1] - 217 7516 7912 8217 1616 1626 1647 15419 15712 9311 10315 parallel [1] - 17117 993 1027 1041 1667 1697 1601 16018 16213 1692

10317 13016 1756 18210

parameters [2] - 899 1015

1057 10519 11111 1161

17611 17613 17618 17713

18518 18718 Ordinances [6] -5712 597 5919 623 6619 15519

owners [1] - 744 owner-occupied [2] -1317 186

owners [7] - 562

pardon [1] - 249 park [1] - 5819 parking [23] - 92 145 1411 1417

11613 1175 1206 12419 1345 13813 13815 1433

1816 18115 18416 18512 18719 1923 19211 1934

ORIGINAL [1] - 1958 783 10311 1309 1419 151 153 14312 1458 petition [40] - 217 original [10] - 5516 1518 1519 154 155 201 1513 1522 1581 5311 5317 5319 578 5813 764 17517 432 502 659 1669 18014 5516 564 578 9010 1373 1646 1735 1952 1959

ownership [1] - 188 Oxford [1] - 72

6516 661 6612 6616 1049 1746

1863 19114 19119

5813 626 6310 6319 656 6514

originally [5] - 9612 17410 1758 peoples [1] - 3710 8112 821 9010 9918 1372 1502 1529

P 1761 17615 Parking [2] - 29 216

per [3] - 211 192 855

9517 10014 10619 11611

otherwise [3] - 4710 606 1147

ought [3] - 1251 15016 16619

ourselves [2] -18414 18415

outcome [2] - 9710 1977

pm [2] - 14 19319 pack [3] - 417 681 1828

package [2] - 2613 5212

packs [1] - 6810 PADEN [17] - 414

part [20] - 2217 245 6913 6914 9915 10419 10517 13416 14417 1452 1465 14611 14615 16018 1685 16817 16919

percent [2] - 1209 perfect [3] - 7712 12414 15911

perhaps [5] - 613 998 12710 1381 1686

period [2] - 1002 14617

12012 12017 1217 12116 1221 1224 12214 1231 12311 12513 1267 1271 1357 15911 16618 1735 17311

outcomes [1] - 1105 outdoor [14] - 3111 3113 3618 4012 4614 598 10213 10610 13613 1744 17410 17411 17917

54 519 610 618 74 710 716 719 83 812 916 108 113 131 2110 2219

Paden [1] - 115

1813 18617 19011

participate [1] - 1441 participated [1] -1101

particular [8] - 818 273 541 5719

permanent [1] - 1067 permeability [1] -415

permeable [1] - 2811 permissible [1] - 210 permission [2] - 445 891

1782 1784 petitioner [2] - 6018 10014

phone [1] - 1093 phonetic [1] - 13911 photo [2] - 2612 895

1807 outgrow [1] - 483 outside [3] - 6513 9811 1474

overall [6] - 1011 5310 553 5514

PAGE [2] - 19516 1969

page [13] - 574 576 585 5917 608 6112 6316 658 1352 17813

646 7512 876 14016

particularly [7] - 67 417 424 12212 14914 15312 16315

Permit [14] - 27 814 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 9214 9215 1172 11713

physical [2] - 6014 1598

picture [1] - 1124 piece [7] - 4412 5618 816 833 1052 12511

5618 6016 overbroad [2] -14913 1505

overhang [2] - 1715 2113

Overlay [1] - 816 overlook [1] - 245 overly [1] - 966

17817 Page [3] - 219 572 1967

pages [1] - 573 pains [1] - 1577 painting [2] - 2610 968

PAMELA [24] - 514 65 611 616 79

parties [3] - 281 7710 1976

parts [1] - 1783 party [4] - 262 759 787 1957

pass [2] - 1235 1276

passed [4] - 915

permit [5] - 210 911 314 941 1016

Permits [1] - 758 permits [1] - 12817 Permitted [1] - 31 permitted [3] - 1001 1068 10615

1332 pieces [1] - 1939 pitch [1] - 8619 pitches [2] - 10815 10817

place [6] - 167 1245 1333 1596 1624 18911

placed [1] - 1111 portion [4] - 2812 primarily [1] - 498 1797 proposing [14] -places [3] - 5717 666 1353 13818 primary [4] - 2910 pronged [2] - 802 1315 141 144 1064 1415 portions [2] - 215 1425 1521 8616 1417 174 179

plan [25] - 1011 1351 16212 proper [2] - 752 1710 1714 183 1719 187 2317 position [1] - 12111 principle [2] - 6017 1096 1261 1262 1687 2417 2418 255 possibility [2] - 2413 1837 properly [1] - 1473 18510 1881

2619 2815 292 17010 principles [1] - properties [9] - 1215 prospective [1] -2912 2916 3011 possible [11] - 5319 15611 1218 1717 782 9113 3111 3113 339 601 6815 9211 privacy [2] - 275 16512 16517 protect [2] - 14216 3910 3915 4111 9717 9718 9911 3617 17416 1794 14815 7015 9813 9815 13011 13012 private [7] - 3319 property [70] - 1319 proved [1] - 823 10517 10518 1416 1437 3618 376 377 142 144 154 provide [7] - 3910 1176 possibly [3] - 5811 3712 3717 3914 156 1813 2017 5418 615 645

planned [4] - 4818 1077 1479 privatization [1] - 2019 2111 223 6412 9211 1909 14110 1447 postpone [1] - 1246 14212 2218 233 241 providing [1] - 155 1708 potentially [2] - 611 pro [1] - 808 245 2419 257 provision [13] - 559

PLANNING [2] - 12 7414 pro-active [1] - 808 258 259 2517 5815 5915 642 1961 power [3] - 1005 problem [19] - 615 261 271 276 704 767 1078

Planning [21] - 47 17117 1892 686 719 7913 277 3317 3510 1298 15517 814 91 919 powerful [1] - 12812 803 8019 1099 443 455 4610 15614 16515 118 5314 5810 practical [3] - 4313 12115 12119 482 489 5014 17019 1721 12016 12219 11710 1854 1221 1223 562 614 6416 provisions [4] - 571 12618 1475 pre [3] - 7012 7110 13015 13210 6418 653 6611 17717 18111 15817 1672 1068 14218 1459 708 724 736 1896 1687 17310 pre-exempt [1] - 15414 1634 742 744 745 provocative [1] -1883 1886 1941 1068 1809 18214 755 7514 783 1314 19512 1964 pre-existing [2] - problematic [1] - 784 804 805 Public [4] - 14510 19616 7012 7110 12215 9311 10312 1967 1975

planning [4] - 303 predicate [1] - 1143 problems [5] - 679 1128 13810 19714 311 446 1844 preempt [1] - 18818 1216 12111 1414 1518 1657 public [17] - 103

plans [6] - 59 3018 preference [2] - 402 1226 1463 1661 1679 118 209 239 7014 1175 1179 12316 procedurally [1] - 17517 1791 5114 5713 5819 1182 premise [1] - 1202 1554 1792 1793 1796 595 6718 9014

plant [1] - 448 premises [1] - 17617 procedure [2] - 1797 17915 1112 12619 plantings [2] - 267 2619

pleased [1] - 304 plighting [1] - 8712 podium [1] - 2312 point [21] - 215 2115 2118 3518 6410 6519 6714 724 8415 8519 867 926 9314 1056 1077 1259 1491 1492 1663 1686 1882

pointed [2] - 895 1108

pointing [2] - 1592 16413

points [3] - 4714 796 1938

police [1] - 1005 policy [2] - 1184 1728

poor [2] - 839 8910 population [2] -1424 14815

porch [1] - 7614 porches [1] - 10611

prepared [1] - 3916 present [3] - 5813 14813 14814

presentation [5] -515 903 12211 14715 15411

presented [1] - 1529 presenting [1] - 521 Preston [2] - 111 44 PRESTON [11] - 71 798 1575 18418 1853 18615 18618 1872 18810 18817 19014

pretty [12] - 6811 9616 12412 15810 15811 15815 15817 16014 16816 16819 17316 1864

prevents [1] - 735 previous [3] - 281 11418 14810

previously [2] -1584 18013

16812 17015 proceed [2] - 3119 527

process [26] - 203 204 207 249 2911 407 645 648 7610 8118 10013 1016 10311 10419 10917 10918 11414 11510 1168 1188 12014 12113 1247 16016 16413 17313

process-wise [1] -10013

produce [1] - 1036 produces [1] - 10217 productive [1] - 1712 professional [4] -868 1573 1611 1844

professionals [1] -11018

profit [1] - 14212 prohibiting [1] -

18118 1826 18210 18213

propertys [1] - 134 proponent [5] - 1617 3312 388 3910 9010

proponents [1] -9612

proposal [18] - 1513 195 2914 3216 338 9012 937 1013 1014 1277 15218 16318 16319 1685 1754 1771 17812

propose [4] - 452 1683 17018 18519

proposed [20] - 221 267 3319 5211 533 539 568 5716 7118 9314 9517 12413 1358 1367 1368 1618 1717 17217 18110 19212

1284 14216 14818

PUBLIC [1] - 26 publish [1] - 1673 pull [1] - 1938 pulling [1] - 1172 Purpose [1] - 7714 purpose [4] - 3411 5419 551 7812

purposes [1] - 275 pursuant [1] - 28 pursue [1] - 688 put [26] - 516 1010 1015 4213 4318 442 4913 5516 5910 681 8710 964 10214 10215 10216 10717 11311 1244 13615 14016 1474 15417 16915 17314 18813 18814

Putnam [7] - 27 119 1119 123 124 125 1215

14

putting [3] - 989 10219 1177

rating [1] - 582 ratio [2] - 665 667 rationale [1] - 523 rats [1] - 1472 re [3] - 5319 14615 1681

re-advertise [1] -1681

re-advertisement [1] -5319

re-craft [1] - 14615 reached [3] - 16716 17215 1874

reaction [2] - 1275 1812

read [8] - 33 748 13918 17716 1781 1785 18211 19616

reading [4] - 692 8514 19512 1964

ready [1] - 4912 real [13] - 74 418 4513 871 10010 11017 11018 11019 11511 11513 15417 15615 16210

reality [1] - 1725 realize [1] - 393 really [56] - 1716 365 366 3719 395 425 4811 587 6110 682 741 774 791 7913 7919 8111 832 857 8619 905 9710 9810 1014 10115 10414 10417 10617 1081 11114 11419 1164 11913 12115 1332 1513 15116 15216 1531 15310 15312 15410 15414 1577 15715 1592 1647 16411 16413 1786 18013 19119 1924 1925 19215 19218

Realty [1] - 72 rear [6] - 176 268 3318 413 4719 4816

reason [12] - 5511

669 1111 1308 1391 14010 14310 1638 1757 18312 19011 1965

REASON [6] - 19610 19611 19612 19613 19614 19615

reasonable [3] -6114 6611 11213

reasonably [1] -9114

reasons [2] - 10317 19513

recap [1] - 18713 RECEIVED [1] -19518

received [1] - 1846 recent [1] - 1742 recently [4] - 77 264 1404 14113

recess [3] - 111 114 519

recessed [1] - 3114 recognized [1] - 151 recollection [2] -9916 1007

recommend [13] -102 688 10413 12310 1266 1276 14612 1494 1502 15612 1616 1884 18913

recommendation [30] - 5112 5214 5215 5217 716 7918 814 8110 9016 9617 10017 12516 12518 1263 1293 15012 15211 15616 16015 16016 1615 16212 1731 1733 1843 18714 18715 18717 18917 18919

recommendations [6] - 10018 1464 1481 15918 17214 1926

recommended [5] -205 652 6516 6918 16113

recommending [4] -965 1528 15219 18018

reconfigure [1] - 93 reconstruction [1] -5416

record [3] - 1934 1957 19618

RECORD [1] - 118 recording [1] - 648 recourse [2] - 614 15719

redirect [1] - 8819 redrafted [1] - 7712 reduce [3] - 501 13010 13015

Reduction [1] - 29 reduction [2] - 144 1919

refer [2] - 11010 11012

Refer [1] - 1967 reference [4] - 7118 1067 1349 15019

referenced [1] -15916

references [1] - 1569 referred [3] - 5115 975 1101

referring [3] - 4914 11718 1774

refers [3] - 1074 11010 1777

reflected [1] - 877 reflecting [1] - 1751 reflection [1] - 217 reflects [1] - 1011 regard [1] - 7212 regarding [1] - 18716 regular [1] - 6710 regulate [1] - 6013 regulated [2] - 6010 6012

regulation [8] - 609 6016 6313 6314 13411 1566 1623 1632

regulations [9] - 505 5617 634 636 659 698 888 945 1562

regulatory [1] -17618

reinventing [1] -1563

relate [2] - 412 247 related [8] - 307 416 1272 1303 1305 15314 15319 1976

relates [4] - 757 759 1599

relating [2] - 509

5011 relative [2] - 226 10015

relief [7] - 1918 4915 806 1136 15715 1581 1909

rely [2] - 5312 16312

remain [2] - 188 1001

remains [2] - 6016 7210

remedy [1] - 14611 remedying [1] -14119

remember [5] - 617 813 97 8113 1646

remind [4] - 473 476 10013 1057

remove [3] - 31 34 176

removed [1] - 454 renovate [1] - 172 renovation [4] - 247 355 4716 10517

renovations [1] -2617

rental [3] - 1813 3318 364

renter [1] - 6419 renting [2] - 139 8218

REP [1] - 1962 repair [1] - 269 repairs [1] - 969 repeatedly [2] -10415 1429

rephrase [1] - 7315 REPLACE [1] -19516

replace [5] - 216 178 11313 11315 13016

replaced [1] - 9711 replacement [3] -601 956 11312

replacing [3] - 1713 923 1138

report [1] - 17119 reported [1] - 1156 Reporter [2] - 1974 19714

REPORTER [1] -19719

REPORTERS [1] -117

represent [1] - 2217 represented [1] -4011

Q

quadrupled [2] -1381 14519

quantify [1] - 12416 questions [17] - 51 2012 2015 2213 246 2410 536 6716 711 9819 1062 1248 1249 1314 15014

queue [1] - 17314 quick [24] - 2012 2014 5619 9819 10011 1089 10810 11016 11510 1545 15412 1553 15616 17514 1767 18010 18019 18314 18513 18514 18519 1869 1881 18819

quickly [2] - 9717 1235

quiet [4] - 4515 4518 466 1413

quite [8] - 2618 4114 4516 496 12417 13616 14011 1495

quoted [1] - 12712

R

rabbits [1] - 1342 raccoons [2] - 13318 radius [2] - 148 778 raised [5] - 5314 6512 13311 1663 18413

raising [2] - 1337 1845

Raising [1] - 512 ramifications [1] -18319

ran [2] - 135 136 range [2] - 622 668 Ranjit [3] - 11615 1199 19214

Ranjits [1] - 14816 rapidly [1] - 1416 rather [9] - 207 405 6011 6710 728 1307 1543 16916 1885

15

representing [1] -1117

REPRODUCTION [1] - 19718

request [8] - 2414 591 643 654 1274 14714 14716 14717

requested [1] - 99 requesting [1] - 1816 require [5] - 5318 9311 961 986 1176

Required [1] - 29 required [6] - 201 271 291 502 1179 14116

required) [1] - 1967 requirement [3] -927 9316 967

requirements [7] -2416 6510 702 7119 7211 986 1569

requires [5] - 9214 1143 1205 15712

research [1] - 917 reservations [1] -15210

residence [5] - 1313 1317 1416 1518 341

Residence [8] -1314 633 638 13614 13813 1774 17918

residential [24] -1812 195 196 4919 501 6212 6213 997 998 1298 12915 1301 1417 1651 1652 1657 1661 16614 1678 17616 1806 1818 18417

Residential [5] - 27 28 28 29 34

resolution [2] -11416 11417

resolved [4] - 6413 7415 1452

resolving [1] - 1192 respectful [2] - 412 18412

respects [2] - 331 334

respond [5] - 524 594 649 6716 12315

responding [1] -12315

Response [1] - 1488 response [5] - 5118 589 1274 14014 1937

Response) [1] - 3213 rest [6] - 608 655 10716 10717 14217 1509

restart [1] - 17312 restaurant [1] - 9810 restrict [1] - 10311 Restrictions [2] - 32 34

restrictions [3] -1154 1155 17818

result [1] - 817 results [1] - 10519 retail [7] - 517 61 62 64 66 69 712

retain [1] - 5310 retaining [1] - 6218 reuse [1] - 175 reuses [1] - 4114 review [4] - 7015 808 9510 16617

reviewed [3] - 918 1095 16512

reviewing [2] - 7015 13418

reviews [1] - 1063 revised [2] - 12318 15211

revision [2] - 58 15011

revisions [3] - 531 13719 15212

rewrite [1] - 1103 rewriting [1] - 1901 rezoning [1] - 818 rhythm [1] - 1339 rightful [1] - 1596 rights [3] - 4613 4615 5014

risk [1] - 1277 ROBERT [1] - 1446 Robert [2] - 1447 15313

Roberts [5] - 5116 529 1823 1937 19315

ROBERTS [31] - 528 6713 6817 725 731 7311 7317 7412 844 883 886 8811 928 936 939 9317 955 959 9514

9618 10616 13417 13511 13514 13811 1608 1643 17212 1745 1788 18713

rodent [2] - 1457 1458

Roger [1] - 116 roof [3] - 221 317 1198

roofing [1] - 436 roofs [1] - 3115 rooftop [3] - 387 389 3810

room [4] - 6710 8512 1194 1533

rotted [1] - 302 roughly [1] - 126 round [1] - 1858 routes [1] - 159 rubbish [2] - 1459 14512

Rule [1] - 7910 rule [2] - 197 485 Rules [1] - 547 rules [5] - 569 588 9217 976 14814

run [2] - 1099 1189 runs [1] - 1591 RUSSELL [103] - 46 419 614 81 86 1019 116 1113 163 194 1911 1918 209 2013 2212 238 2512 313 322 3211 3214 3310 351 3516 375 379 3713 3915 4313 452 457 478 4912 5017 513 5110 661 676 6717 7019 8012 8713 8916 907 10110 1039 1076 1213 12117 1239 12417 1257 12515 1269 12612 1313 13414 1359 13513 13612 1376 1379 13713 13717 13812 13914 13917 1444 14711 1486 1489 15215 1605 16119 16519 1693

1709 1711 1715 1726 17610 1776 1783 1787 18113 1831 1835 1863 1866 18612 18616 18619 1873 18812 18819 18915 1903 1908 1912 1916 1919 1936 19314

Russell [4] - 17 42 1336 14413

section [7] - 7712 7716 7810 1158 11719 14614 1777

Sections [1] - 215 security [1] - 871 see [42] - 68 2317 259 2611 284 2815 3214 359 4812 766 7615 7913 7917 8819 9614 1017 1023 1024 10217 10411 1071 10815 10816 10819 11014 1125 1161 1162 1174 1271 1273 13211 1439 1493 16010 16617 17417 17418 17419 18410 1857 19019

seeing [1] - 1862 seek [1] - 208 seeking [1] - 1919 seem [4] - 913 1554 1558 19010

sell [1] - 1183 semi [3] - 377 3712 3717

semi-private [3] -377 3712 3717

send [6] - 1016 896 11812 1193 18313 19218

sending [1] - 15917 Senior [1] - 15 sense [6] - 355 3918 12513 15013 1718 17216

sensor [1] - 1072 sent [2] - 5212 16115

sentence [2] - 12117 18315

sentences [2] - 7717 15618

sentiment [1] - 903 separate [1] - 694 separation [1] - 6212 September [1] -19711

series [3] - 1211 1618 11611

serious [2] - 13214 1333

seriously [1] - 12914

S

Sacramento [1] - 515 safe [1] - 3317 safety [6] - 591 1112 1113 1332 1335 1423

SAM [1] - 3416 Sam [2] - 353 366 SAME [2] - 353 19718

sat [2] - 11514 11515

saw [2] - 772 16613 scattered [1] - 14014 scenario [1] - 5913 schedule [1] - 477 scheduled [1] - 112 schematic [1] - 2915 School [1] - 13310 science [1] - 15910 scope [11] - 5311 5316 5318 9210 9516 10618 1117 1666 16618 1735 17617

scratch [1] - 16718 screen [2] - 786 792 scrutiny [1] - 1749 Sean [1] - 13118 Seated [1] - 1917 seated [1] - 115 second [10] - 129 183 5016 5017 912 10210 1317 13110 15515 1628

secondly [3] - 909 1049 1292

Section [16] - 28 29 29 32 33 548 7117 7119 7713 831 11816 1355 1681 17816 18410

16

servant [1] - 14818 serve [1] - 16819 serves [1] - 9913 Services [4] - 941 9812 14510 15718

servicing [1] - 488 session [1] - 1888 set [10] - 558 729 7210 8812 11914 1619 16114 16116 1979 19711

setback [2] - 2416 272

sets [1] - 8811 setting [1] - 6618 sever [1] - 14613 several [5] - 121 573 908 10711 14811

shadow [2] - 10217 1036

shall [12] - 209 5411 5413 5414 7119 737 1068 12712 17617 17819 1796

share [2] - 4716 1533

shared [3] - 95 2110 19117

shed [2] - 1197 sheet [4] - 1058 11817 1965 1966

Sheet [4] - 1952 1955 19513 1968

SHEET [3] - 1951 19517 1963

shielded [1] - 894 shielding [1] - 7212 shine [1] - 875 shines [1] - 1389 shining [2] - 859 1035

shirts [1] - 1468 shocking [1] - 1813 shop [1] - 69 short [4] - 114 519 15613 1671

short-term [1] -15613

shortcomings [1] -14419

Shorthand [2] -1974 19714

shorthand [1] -13419

shortly [3] - 106

2618 1463 shot [1] - 1209 shoulder [1] - 4215 show [3] - 9813 9815 1384

showed [3] - 275 10912

shown [4] - 3010 3012 3916 12110

shows [4] - 158 3911 792 12212

shrubs [2] - 481 4812

side [11] - 125 128 1210 1212 1712 1715 2016 3816 437 904 14410

sides [1] - 255 sidetrack [1] - 13519 Sieniewicz [3] - 110 44 1336

SIENIEWICZ [15] -2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

sighted [1] - 13317 sign [4] - 9914 1004 19513

Sign [1] - 1966 SIGNATURE [1] -1951

signed [1] - 1956 SIGNED [1] - 19517 significant [4] -2819 5519 5612 14917

significantly [1] -13015

Signs [1] - 218 signs [2] - 1001 10912

similar [2] - 655 1542

simple [5] - 1119 1537 1631 17110 17111

simplicity [1] - 11110 simply [7] - 3811 8918 14119 1452 14612 18216

Singanayagam [1] -14719

single [4] - 1317 1416 1518 1719

single-family [3] -1317 1416 1518

sit [1] - 1537

site [5] - 109 1817 7015 7113 1155

Sitting [1] - 42 situation [4] - 335 5818 7012 818

situations [1] - 8010 six [6] - 1211 406 479 1131 11819 1288

six-story [1] - 1288 size [3] - 1818 1382 1461

skill [1] - 19710 skin [1] - 14411 skip [1] - 583 skipping [1] - 549 sky [7] - 7811 7814 7819 8713 1043 10412 1337

sleep [1] - 1339 sleeping [1] - 1342 slide [1] - 11418 slipped [1] - 1003 small [7] - 361 578 1054 10812 1165 1518 1519

smaller [3] - 2216 9910 16116

smart [1] - 447 sneak [1] - 11015 so [1] - 698 socialization [1] -14213

sodium [1] - 12813 sole [1] - 19112 Solet [3] - 1317 1319 1428

SOLET [6] - 1318 1802 18910 18913 18918 19018

Solicitor [2] - 16913 1734

Solicitors [1] -16616

solicitors [1] - 1094 solution [1] - 16213 solve [5] - 685 686 8119 1226 1462

solving [1] - 8316 someone [6] - 4913 7518 8817 9213 987 13818

someplace [1] -16818

sometime [1] - 13515 sometimes [5] - 443 444 5216 6210 11313

somewhat [1] - 1047 somewhere [2] -

8410 17011 sonar [1] - 10215 soon [1] - 413 sooner [1] - 6710 sorry [11] - 2014 574 6712 712 737 1066 1258 1347 13917 17712 1803

sort [26] - 76 2513 605 6017 6318 726 729 774 7716 856 8512 864 8615 9119 946 974 978 11614 13411 13419 14017 1553 16716 16719 18318 1842

sorts [2] - 281 15519

sought [1] - 4915 sound [2] - 5012 1542

sounds [2] - 1864 18811

source [4] - 8415 8513 8517 1307

south [1] - 125 southern [1] - 4813 space [19] - 518 61 64 152 154 225 2517 301 304 334 3313 3315 343 3511 3618 377 4012 4614 495

Space [1] - 27 spaces [6] - 66 1418 156 171 3715 3914

speaker [1] - 15919 speakers [1] - 1349 speaking [2] - 14517 1693

special [6] - 647 1297 1369 13610 1382 1707

Special [11] - 27 813 815 96 910 919 203 207 2911 4919 758

specific [8] - 4914 5513 617 648 6910 9518 18510 1884

specifically [4] - 509 5010 824 1933

specified [1] - 9310 specify [4] - 461 598 9310 9518

spend [2] - 10914 1192

spent [2] - 5714 1092

spill [5] - 6613 6614 7213 7216 7819

spilling [3] - 6610 781 7814

spoken [2] - 2718 909

spot [1] - 615 spots [1] - 3115 spread [1] - 858 springs [1] - 1158 Square [1] - 1762 square [7] - 126 192 198 1912 2216 2316 855

SS [1] - 1973 Staff [1] - 115 staff [15] - 5116 5117 713 717 918 11617 11619 12316 14115 14814 1503 1525 16311 16615 18317

staffs [1] - 752 stair [1] - 149 stairs [1] - 3011 stance [1] - 1635 standard [15] - 1914 6114 621 6515 6516 6612 6613 7218 747 7411 863 1255 1393 1395 17418

standards [17] -5312 558 5716 581 587 598 618 622 624 7210 733 869 8812 1437 1471 17413

standing [3] - 773 8216 10818

start [7] - 914 294 3217 521 14910 1563 16718

started [2] - 1131 16413

starting [1] - 17810 starts [4] - 5213 559 573 1753

State [1] - 12711 state [4] - 546 548

17

559 697 statement [1] - 1908 statements [1] -19618

stations [1] - 158 status [5] - 810 922 1365 13610 1397

stay [1] - 477 stenographic [1] -1979

step [2] - 5619 16513

Steve [6] - 3716 423 8912 9017 1576 1592

Steves [3] - 16318 16319 1855

STEVEN [50] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 185 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3217 3717 4015 4110 4117 459 473 8717 885 8912 8914 8917 9019 9219 938 9313 9417 957 9512 963 9818 1017 1347 1547 16715 17015 17116 17211 17712 1781 1786 1811 18311 1851 1895 18914 19016

Steven [4] - 19 110 43 44

still [19] - 697 765 9812 1046 11417 12111 1504 1506 15014 16810 16812 17317 1755 1773 1774 17915 1823 1861

stone [1] - 289 stop [1] - 6715 stopgap [7] - 15013 15412 1553 15613 16713 16811 1691

storage [1] - 345 store [2] - 77 1511 storefront [2] - 1211 1714

stories [1] - 181 story [6] - 1210

1311 1719 183 1815 1288

straight [3] - 6413 1476 1926

straightforward [1] -6013

strain [1] - 1413 straining [1] - 776 strategies [1] - 1623 Street [17] - 216 57 516 72 714 125 1218 2316 2318 1087 12615 12617 1319 13316 1399 13915 1402

street [7] - 1284 14514 17615 1793 1795 17910 17911

stress [1] - 15716 strict [2] - 971 986 strikes [1] - 14418 strobe [1] - 1075 struck [2] - 992 15410

structural [1] - 5416 structure [20] - 1311 1316 1416 1516 1610 1616 175 1710 184 1815 196 198 337 501 5417 5418 925 948 949 18115

Structures [1] - 28 structures [8] - 5411 5512 6014 7111 7911 999 1752 1753

Stuart [2] - 116 1606

stuck [1] - 14812 students [1] - 14219 studied [2] - 9011 study [6] - 1531 1579 1581 1585 16815 16817

stuff [7] - 817 8218 8310 10015 11110 11317 1196

stuffs [1] - 1098 subdivided [1] - 189 subject [2] - 9011 15212

submit [4] - 12016 12516 17311 1887

submitted [3] - 3919

17219 subscribe [1] -19617

subsequently [1] -138

substance [1] -17217

substantial [3] -5415 932 13817

substantially [6] -5419 551 552 6617 9015 9410

substituted [1] -12015

subtle [1] - 10813 suburban [1] - 671 suddenly [2] - 1761 1805

sue [1] - 11212 sued [2] - 11215 11218

suffer [1] - 14217 sufficient [3] - 147 14815 1571

suggest [6] - 11916 11919 12012 1886

suggested [4] -5816 16514 1676 18219

suggestion [6] -5918 613 716 15319 16219 17213

suggestions [2] -5219 15912

suing [1] - 11211 Sullivan [5] - 2311 2315 3916 409 421

SULLIVAN [15] -2314 258 2519 263 266 279 2714 2814 305 315 3110 3117 329 491 493

Sullivans [4] - 376 412 4315 4718

summarized [1] -497

summer [2] - 18511 18514

sun [1] - 4813 sunset [3] - 9918 1095 10910

superintendent [1] -839

Superintendent [1] -983

Superior [1] - 11415 supersede [1] - 728

supersedes [2] -6313 7311

superseding [1] -697

supplied [1] - 19513 support [5] - 12510 12511 1527 1627 1769

supposed [6] -10818 1091 11016 11017 11510 1168

surface [3] - 2811 857 859

surprised [1] - 13211 surprising [1] - 4014 survey [1] - 263 surveyed [2] - 251 257

surveyor [1] - 254 surveyors [1] - 483 suspect [2] - 1415 1431

switch [1] - 1144

17713 18115 1822 18512 18719 1891 1923 19211 1934 19316

Teagues [1] - 1271 tear [2] - 173 175 technical [12] - 8519 862 867 911 912 916 10416 14115 1568 1612 16814 16912

technology [1] -14012

Ted [5] - 15217 15313 1811 18312 1854

Teds [2] - 5017 1699

telescope [1] - 1044 temporary [4] -16216 1633 16313 1719

ten [6] - 111 475 1085 10911 11914 13516

tenant [3] - 1312 4017 10312

tenants [1] - 3816 tenants [11] - 1312 1411 1413 282 343 3417 3419 356 363 4613 1042

tend [2] - 5215 10212

tends [1] - 6211 term [8] - 32 34 1158 14217 15613 17318 18517 1888

terms [9] - 216 217 225 6119 779 846 985 1207 1615

testified [1] - 18014 testimony [9] - 2010 239 6718 6814 1114 13814 19513 1965 1978

text [24] - 32 35 5213 5214 534 568 6113 6116 6218 639 6310 7416 1368 1374 1483 16112 16118 16412 17815 1885 1887

T

table [1] - 4016 tackle [2] - 12218 talks [6] - 5815 6316 1078 17615 17916 18119

tall [2] - 4217 4814 tandem [4] - 1411 1417 1419 432

Taylor [4] - 12615 12616 13111 1325

TAYLOR [9] - 12616 13019 1312 13618 1378 13711 13715 18916 1907

TEAGUE [4] - 1081 1085 1265 12611

Teague [40] - 213 5113 524 10719 1086 11116 11517 12110 1221 1224 1227 12311 1259 1267 1304 1411 14912 1502 15010 1528 15311 1626 1646 16412 1667 1697 17611 17618 17710 17711

18

THE [10] - 12 118 1613 673 19516 19717 19718 19719

themselves [1] -1238

THEODORE [28] -76 87 913 101 1018 5016 712 7214 739 7315 7318 7417 1065 1375 1499 1662 17319 17512 1773 17715 17912 1803 1819 18215 1833 18310 1865 18912

theodore [1] - 18 Theodore [1] - 42 theory [1] - 1169 therefor [2] - 19513 1965

therefore [2] - 1366 1391

thereof [1] - 1956 thesis [1] - 11318 theyve [4] - 99 1010 12317

thinking [4] - 522 10713 14413 1835

thinks [1] - 14813 third [6] - 141 143 1817 202 203 16219

THIS [2] - 19516 19717

thoughtful [1] - 1899 thoughts [1] - 14415 thousands [1] -12715

three [11] - 98 156 1715 187 2113 243 489 999 10410 1254 1622

three-foot [2] - 1715 2113

throughout [2] -12912 1768

throw [2] - 15315 18212

throwing [1] - 1477 Tibbs [2] - 18 115 TIBBS [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371

8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

tied [1] - 593 tieing [1] - 7511 tile [4] - 10214 10216 10217 10218

timekeeper [1] - 474 timing [1] - 107 tiny [1] - 1025 title [1] - 33 TO [2] - 1961 19718 today [4] - 393 9613 11819 13819

together [2] - 441 10713

TOM [15] - 2011 2014 212 216 2112 2117 224 2211 2515 4916 7617 1256 1258 1589 1931

Tom [2] - 110 43 tonight [6] - 403 4119 12317 15213 15912 16210

took [2] - 1124 14413

tools [1] - 15713 top [1] - 216 touch [1] - 9811 touches [1] - 133 towards [2] - 2218 13610

town [3] - 1093 1094 11216

towns [1] - 1094 traffic [1] - 1029 training [1] - 14117 transcript [9] - 82 1935 1959 19514 1964 1966 1967 19616 19617

Transcript [1] - 25 TRANSCRIPT [2] -19516 19718

transcription [1] -1979

transcripts [2] - 84 85

trash [1] - 345 treated [1] - 6915 trees [4] - 483 8712

8715 8716 trespass [4] - 5113 704 707 10414

trial [1] - 1132 tried [1] - 1107 trigger [4] - 926 9314 9316 9510

triggered [1] - 11712 triggers [1] - 1056 trim [1] - 441 trip [1] - 10513 triple [2] - 1216 1217

trivial [1] - 10812 trouble [3] - 431 1104 11412

true [2] - 6417 1979 try [16] - 207 538 5913 5919 676 719 845 875 9210 9515 9717 981 12217 1466 1624 18517

trying [18] - 168 626 8118 822 8316 10015 10019 11014 11210 1218 12914 1385 1413 1492 15812 17519 18010 18012

Tuesday [1] - 13 turkeys [1] - 13318 turn [4] - 674 836 8513 1606

turning [3] - 148 1517 1541

tweak [1] - 12316 two [37] - 1013 1310 1312 1319 1412 1417 159 1719 1812 2011 2014 222 3115 3315 3318 3519 362 4317 4318 743 796 802 8616 10712 10916 1134 1349 1405 14013 1533 1534 1548 15617 16418 1817 18316 1869

two-family [1] - 222 two-pronged [2] -802 8616

two-unit [1] - 3519 type [3] - 9918 1034 1037

types [2] - 9413 9415

typically [2] - 359 4411

U

ultimate [1] - 16213 ultimately [1] - 7218 unable [2] - 1119 1904

unaware [1] - 13412 unclear [1] - 8212 uncomfortable [4] -776 17513 1764 18017

unconcern [1] -13210

under [30] - 188 296 3011 462 4613 4616 6111 664 6619 696 719 7216 7410 764 9118 1003 1005 1127 11212 11218 11914 1209 1353 1367 1501 15110 16910 17617 17710 1847

UNDER [1] - 19718 undergoing [1] - 104 underlying [1] - 1351 underneath [1] -1354

undersigned [1] -1974

understood [1] -1293

underutilized [1] -1517

unenforceable [1] -1638

unfortunately [1] -1119

uninstalled [1] -8814

unintended [2] -5811 1841

unit [19] - 142 143 1817 192 1913 203 228 2210 309 3016 3314 3519 364 3616 417 853 8613 8614 999

Unit [1] - 211 units [15] - 210 210 1310 1319 187 1812 1817 199

1912 227 317 3318 359 3510 503

University [2] - 104 109

unless [3] - 9912 1004 12112

UNLESS [1] - 19718 unnecessarily [1] -7819

unreasonable [1] -6613

unreasonably [1] -1517

unusual [1] - 2414 up [53] - 66 713 1010 226 3015 3814 4318 537 541 5713 5718 6217 6511 674 681 727 786 7814 7919 8513 865 8615 8710 8814 924 9217 995 10011 10214 1051 10715 11311 11316 12113 13018 1311 13314 1384 14315 15114 15418 1556 1558 15917 1645 16513 17012 17111 18012 18016 1915 1929

Update [1] - 23 update [2] - 49 1017 updates [2] - 1015 1016

upset [1] - 11114 urban [1] - 3719 urgent [1] - 14019 users [2] - 3411 14214

uses [11] - 1811 5411 5513 5518 7110 7115 8613 997 1009 10415 1408

utilities [1] - 1047 utilize [1] - 9216

V

vague [1] - 19216 valet [1] - 91 valiant [1] - 1218 valid [2] - 911 8312 valuable [1] - 19218

19

van [3] - 11515 1702 1914

VAN [5] - 1706 1713 1917 19111 19312

vapor [1] - 12813 variance [1] - 208 Variance [2] - 204 11910

variety [1] - 618 various [2] - 416 16310

verge [1] - 1814 verify [2] - 6019 897 versed [1] - 699 version [4] - 12013 12214 1696 17112

versions [1] - 17811 versus [4] - 7612 8117 827 1113

vertically [1] - 864 Vice [1] - 18 victim [1] - 6810 Victorian [2] - 127 139

view [3] - 2818 4910 7310

views [1] - 16110 violation [14] - 745 767 11412 1278 12815 13113 13118 1321 13410 13518 1361 1362 13611 14915

violations [6] - 1165 12715 12818 1327 13217 1449

violators [1] - 13212 visible [1] - 1116 visually [1] - 6019 volume [5] - 184 674 19512 19514 1966

vote [2] - 401 1814 voting [3] - 4118 513 15311

1534 1535 1536 1758 18814

wash [1] - 857 wattage [2] - 8412 13010

watts [1] - 842 ways [5] - 214 5513 15816 16319 17113

wear [1] - 1469 week [2] - 510 1016 weeks [5] - 1013 406 11819 13317 1869

weighing [2] - 14619 1472

weight [1] - 1689 weird [1] - 853 Wellens [3] - 13911 13913 1401

WELLENS [4] -13912 13916 13919 14316

whatevers [1] -10716

whatsoever [2] -1455 17516

wheel [2] - 1564 WHEN [1] - 19517 WHEREOF [1] -19711

whole [9] - 305 467 769 9111 1122 11315 1167 11912 1305

wholeheartedly [2] -8014 1576

width [3] - 4314 4316 458

wife [2] - 2317 13619

wildlife [2] - 13312 William [2] - 18 115 WILLIAM [31] - 1816 193 1915 3118 323 327 3311 342 346 3410 3414 3419 354 368 3612 371 8011 8013 10010 1018 1083 1212 1214 1223 12415 15316 1586 1642 16710 18610 18711

WILLIAMS [4] - 3513 3517 3610 3614

Williams [2] - 3514 1399

wind [1] - 14314

window [8] - 1713 2017 284 5911 952 956 958 1798

windows [1] - 383 WINTER [19] - 162 164 1614 171 1718 214 218 2214 231 234 237 326 3717 4015 4110 4117 473 8914 8917

Winter [2] - 19 43 WINTERS [25] - 514 65 611 616 79 711 718 374 422 428 4216 4312 456 8319 8610 8714 8718 8810 8910 13017 1311 14314 1446 1539 15318

winters [1] - 15511 Winters [4] - 19 43 1447 15313

wipe [1] - 1117 wise [1] - 10013 wish [4] - 3212 13910 1445 1486

wished [1] - 9612 wishes [1] - 532 wisteria [1] - 442 WITH [1] - 19516 withdrawing [1] -12513

withstanding [1] -1595

WITNESS [1] - 19711 wonder [3] - 292 3019 14416

wonderful [1] - 4111 wondering [5] - 810 2618 10116 1666 16715

wood [3] - 301 346 348

wooden [1] - 2611 word [1] - 10614 words [2] - 14414 1838

works [3] - 9114 11115 15816

Works [1] - 14511 world [3] - 468 1044 1897

worried [1] - 1519 worries [1] - 14511 worth [2] - 6518 772 write [6] - 10015

10513 1225 15518 1561 1929

write-up [1] - 1929 writing [4] - 10019 1247 1323 13918

written [19] - 362 5118 555 723 747 757 768 929 937 9515 1217 1224 1373 13712 13714 13718 1567 18719 19217

wrote [2] - 1153 1163

wwwreportersinc com [1] - 119

Y

yard [12] - 1410 245 2418 2716 291 3318 3519 363 3615 3616 415 8712

yards [2] - 3710 3816

year [4] - 98 8711 1405 1578

years [12] - 98 2319 251 10911 10916 1134 12819 13516 1405 14013 15814 1895

yellow [1] - 1058 yourself [1] - 914

Z

Zelinski [2] - 1974 19713

zero [1] - 12010 Zipcar [1] - 1510 Zone [2] - 14313 1448

zones [7] - 625 12915 12917 1301 1438 1439 14311

Zoning [109] - 24 213 52 55 818 4013 505 534 546 547 5410 5413 554 556 588 5912 5914 6219 642 643 6411 6417 684

6816 695 6914 6915 702 7016 719 7113 758 774 812 822 8314 866 8816 904 945 947 9416 9510 9518 962 972 9916 1052 1054 10512 10514 1061 1098 11118 11217 1164 11816 12411 12511 1278 12719 12815 1296 12911 1306 13419 1356 1369 1407 14113 1426 14417 1454 14518 1462 1465 14611 14614 14710 14918 1501 1509 15019 1543 1552 1555 15519 15615 15810 15817 15818 1597 15914 1616 1617 16112 16117 16118 1649 1659 1687 17718 17813 18011 18510 1884

zoning [2] - 6819 1005

W

wait [1] - 1897 waiting [1] - 15019 walk [1] - 885 walking [1] - 1511 walkways [1] - 17411 wall [5] - 262 681 6810 851 1828

wants [6] - 492

20