Biomedical Waste? “Bio-Medical Waste” is any waste, which is generated

during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals.

Who comes under , BMW Rules?Every occupier of an institution generating, handling, collecting, receiving, storing, treating and disposing biomedical waste, is compelled under law to comply with the Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1998, within the stipulated time. This includes all hospitals, clinics, dispensaries, laboratories, blood banks, veterinary and research institutions anywhere in the country.

BMW Rules The Rules have laid down certain directions regarding

segregation and storage to ensure safe and hygienic handling of infectious and non-infectious waste. Among these:

No bio-medical waste shall be mixed with other wastes

Bio-medical waste shall be segregated into containers/bags at the point of generation.

These containers/bags are to be made of different materials and have different colour coding signifying the different kinds of wastes.

Segregation is mandatory prior to storage, transportation, treatment and disposal

Improper biomedical waste management hazards Improper handling, treatment, storage, transport and

disposal of waste can lead to serious problems like:

Rapid proliferation and spreading of infectious, dangerous and fatal communicable diseases like hepatitis, AIDS and several types of cancers.

if unsegregated and untreated is mixed with the rest of the waste in a healthcare establishment, will convert the entire non infectious general waste (75-80%) also into infectious waste.

Contd…..indiscriminate disposal of sharps leads to needle

stick injuries, cuts, and infections among hospital employees, municipal workers and rag pickers thus increasing the incidence of Hepatitis B, C and HIV among these groups who transmit these diseases to others in the community and also succumb to such fatal diseases.

Contd.. Undestroyed needles and syringes being circulated

back to us (Recycling), through unscrupulous traders who employ the poor and the destitute to collect such waste for repackaging and selling in the market.

Reuse of disposable like syringes, needles, catheters, IV and dialysis sets are causing spread of infection from healthcare establishments to the general community.

Contd.. The indiscriminate dumping of untreated hospital

waste in municipal bins leads to epidemics and increased incidence and prevalence of communicable diseases in the community.

Chances of vectors like cats, rats, mosquitoes, flies and stray dogs getting infected or becoming carriers which also spread diseases in the community.

Benefits of Proper BMW cleaner and healthier surroundings. reduction in the incidence of hospital acquired and general

infections. Thus reducing the cost of infection control within the hospital.

reduction in the possibility of disease and death due to reuse and repackaging of infectious disposables.

low incidence of community and occupational health hazards.

reduction in the cost of waste management and generation of revenue through appropriate treatment and disposal of waste.

improved image of the healthcare establishment and increase the quality of life.

Importance of BMW segregation infectious waste which is only 10-15%,

if mixed with non-infectious waste which is 80-85% can render the entire waste infectious.

Segregation of waste at the source of generation also helps in minimizing the amount of waste to be treated

Enables more efficient treatment of each category of waste.

Amendment in BMW Act -Aug 2011 Previously we had 10 categories

Now we have 8 categories of BMW

Category 8(liquid waste) and category 9 (Incineration Ash) has been Abolished from the ACT.

SCHEDULES OF BMW MANGEMENT SCHEDULE I- CATEGORIES OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE

SCHEDULE II - COLOUR CODING AND TYPE OF CONTAINER FOR DISPOSAL OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTES

SCHEDULE III - LABEL FOR BIO-MEDICAL WASTE CONTAINERS/BAGS

SCHEDULE IV - LABEL FOR TRANSPORT OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE CONTAINERS/BAGS

SCHEDULE V - STANDARDS FOR TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTES

SCHEDULE VI - SCHEDULE FOR WASTE TREATMENT FACILITIES LIKE INCINERATOR/ AUTOCLAVE/ MICROWAVE SYSTEM

SCHEDULE- ICATEGORIES OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE(2011)

Category No. 1 Human Anatomical Waste (disposed in yellow)

Category No. 2 Animal Waste(disposed in yellow)

Category No. 3 Microbiology & Biotechnology Waste(disposed in Red)

Category No. 4 Waste sharps including broken ampoules(disposed in Puncture proof Container)

Category No. 5 Discarded Medicines and Cytotoxic drugs (disposed in yellow)

Category No. 6 Soiled Waste (soiled waste, such as dressing, bandages, plaster casts, material contaminated with blood and body fluids)(disposed in yellow)

Category No. 7 Infectious Solid Waste(disposable items like tubes, catheters ,soiled gloves,etc. excluding sharps), (disposed in Red)

Category No. 8 Chemical Waste(chemicals used in production of biologicals, indisinfection, as insecticides, etc.) (disposed in Blue)

SCHEDULE -II COLOUR CODING AND TYPE OF CONTAINER FOR

DISPOSAL OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTES

Color Coding Type of Container -I Waste Category

Yellow Plastic bag Category- 1, 2 5, 6.

Red Plastic bag- Category 3,7

Blue Category 8

Black Municipal waste

White Puncture proof container Category. 4

SCHEDULE III –LABEL FOR BIO-MEDICAL WASTE CONTAINERS/BAGS

SHARPS… Sharps consist of Needles, Scalpels, Blades, Broken

Glass, etc., which have the capability to injure by piercing and cutting through the skin.

Sharps should not be recapped or bent.

When & how to dispose of BMW ?.. BMW bins should be disposed when it is ¾ full or

within 48 hours.

Bags should be tied properly so that there is no leaking or spillage and make sure that no tampering is done.

BMW handlers should wear all PPE before handling them.

QUESTIONS??....

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