bme 181 march 4, 2013 presented by: corey gomes. j.a. mcwilliams late 1800’s electrical impulses...
TRANSCRIPT
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BME 181 March 4, 2013 Presented by: Corey Gomes
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J.A. McWilliamsLate 1800’s Electrical impulses
John HoppsRadio frequenciesMechanical and electrical methodsExternal device
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Electrical signal spreads the length of heart Causes heart to contract and pump bloodStarts in sinoatrial node Coordinates timing of heart cell activity
AtriaPumps blood into the hearts two lower
chambersVentricles
Pumps blood to rest of bodyCombination is the heartbeatPacemaker has ability to create this electrical
energy around the heart
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Small device that can take over the hearts electrical system
Contains: Casing
Nontoxic materialsTitanium or titanium alloy
LeadsThin insulated wiresMetal alloyCarry electricity from battery to heart
CircuitryHeart monitoring sensorsVoltage regulators, timing and externally programmable
controlsResistors, capacitors, diodes and semiconductors
BatteryStores energy to stimulate heart and provides power to sensors5 volts of powerPredictable lifestyle
Weighs about an ounce Implanted just below the collarbone
2 hour operation
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Single ChamberOne wire placed into one chamber of the heart
(pacing lead)Dual Chamber
One lead into atrium, one into ventricleRate Responsive
Automatically adjust to a person’s physical activity
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ArrhythmiasProblems with rate or rhythm of the heartbeatBradycardia
Heart beats too slowlyDamage vital organs
Atrial fibrillationHeart beats too quickly
Heart failureLack of blood and oxygen to brain
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Cons: Battery must be replacedCannot be near EMI (electromagnetic
interference) Must wait to perform strenuous activity Cautious with certain types of MRI machines
Pros:Average life: 5-10 yearsMaintain regular lifestyleMonitor blood temperature and breathing rate Small & lightweightTwo hour operationLow fail rate
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Battery lifeMain focusRadioactive isotopes for powerLighter and more efficient batteries
Pacemaker technology to the brainMedtronic
Device can detect problem and call an ambulance while the patient is asleep
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1502062/
http://www.medicinenet.com/pacemaker/page2.htm
http://www.whoinventedit.net/who-invented-the-pacemaker.html
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pace/
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Pacemaker.html
http://www.arrhythmia.org/pacemaker.html