bluetooth
DESCRIPTION
BLUETOOTH. The Universal Radio Interface for ad hoc, Wireless Connectivity. By Jeffrey Adams. Outline. Introduction The Bluetooth Air Interface Networking Authentication and Encryption Conclusion. Introduction. 1994 - Started by Ericsson “MC Link” 1997 – Ericsson contacted others - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
BLUETOOTHBLUETOOTH
The Universal Radio Interface The Universal Radio Interface for ad hoc, Wireless for ad hoc, Wireless
ConnectivityConnectivity
By Jeffrey Adams
OutlineOutline
IntroductionIntroduction The Bluetooth Air InterfaceThe Bluetooth Air Interface NetworkingNetworking Authentication and EncryptionAuthentication and Encryption ConclusionConclusion
IntroductionIntroduction
1994 - Started by Ericsson1994 - Started by Ericsson• ““MC Link”MC Link”
1997 – Ericsson contacted others 1997 – Ericsson contacted others 1998 – Established SIG1998 – Established SIG
• NokiaNokia• IBMIBM• ToshibaToshiba• IntelIntel
Why is it called Bluetooth?Why is it called Bluetooth?
King of Denmark in the late 900sKing of Denmark in the late 900s Unite Denmark and part of Norway Unite Denmark and part of Norway
into a single kingdom into a single kingdom Introduced Christianity into Denmark Introduced Christianity into Denmark Jelling rune stone Jelling rune stone Svend Forkbeard Svend Forkbeard Communications industry Communications industry
The Bluetooth Air InterfaceThe Bluetooth Air Interface
IssuesIssues License-free bandLicense-free band Frequency HoppingFrequency Hopping Channel DefinitionChannel Definition Packet DefinitionPacket Definition Physical Link DefinitionPhysical Link Definition Interface ImmunityInterface Immunity
IssuesIssues
Worldwide OperableWorldwide Operable Supports voice and dataSupports voice and data PhysicalityPhysicality
License-free bandLicense-free band
2.45 GHz frequency band2.45 GHz frequency band• Allows for global availabilityAllows for global availability• Open to any radio systemOpen to any radio system
Range 2400 to 2483.5 MHzRange 2400 to 2483.5 MHz Range 2471 to 2497 MHzRange 2471 to 2497 MHz
Frequency HoppingFrequency Hopping
ProblemProblem SolutionSolution
• Divides the band into channelsDivides the band into channels• Radios hop from channel to channelRadios hop from channel to channel• Where hopping doesn’t solve the Where hopping doesn’t solve the
problem, there is error correctionproblem, there is error correction
Channel DefinitionChannel Definition
Frequency-hop/Frequency-hop/time-division-time-division-duplex (FH/TDD) duplex (FH/TDD) schemescheme
Channel Channel configurationconfiguration
Packet DefinitionPacket Definition
Packets are data exchanged between the Packets are data exchanged between the master and slavemaster and slave
Access Codes direct the packets to the Access Codes direct the packets to the proper master/slave groupproper master/slave group
Packets vary from single slots to multi-Packets vary from single slots to multi-slotsslots
Physical Link DefinitionPhysical Link Definition
Two types of linksTwo types of links• SCO LinkSCO Link
SymmetricalSymmetrical Circuit-switchedCircuit-switched Point-to-point connectionsPoint-to-point connections
• ACL linkACL link Symmetrical and AsymmetricalSymmetrical and Asymmetrical Packet-switchedPacket-switched Point-to-multipoint connectionsPoint-to-multipoint connections
Interface ImmunityInterface Immunity
Potential interference problems Potential interference problems SolutionsSolutions
• Frequency hoppingFrequency hopping• Forward error controlForward error control• ARQ scheme protectionARQ scheme protection• voice-encoding schemevoice-encoding scheme
NetworkingNetworking
PiconetsPiconets Establishing ConnectionsEstablishing Connections ScatternetScatternet Inter-piconet CommunicationInter-piconet Communication
PiconetsPiconets
2 or more Bluetooth units2 or more Bluetooth units Form into master/slave Form into master/slave
configurations with a clock to track configurations with a clock to track the hopping channelthe hopping channel
Master units control thingsMaster units control things
Establishing ConnectionEstablishing Connection
Wake-up sequenceWake-up sequence Packet access codePacket access code
ScatternetScatternet
Competition for channel spaceCompetition for channel space Help to alleviate this problemHelp to alleviate this problem Overlapping piconetsOverlapping piconets 1 MHz channel1 MHz channel
Inter-piconet CommunicationInter-piconet Communication
ProblemProblem Distinguishing the packet Distinguishing the packet
coordinates the hopcoordinates the hop Master units can hop piconets if need Master units can hop piconets if need
bebe
Authentication and EncryptionAuthentication and Encryption
Base level encryptionBase level encryption• Ciphering algorithmsCiphering algorithms
Challenge-response routineChallenge-response routine Stream cipherStream cipher Session key generationSession key generation
3 entities in the security algorithm3 entities in the security algorithm• Bluetooth unit addressBluetooth unit address• Private user keyPrivate user key• Random numberRandom number
ConclusionConclusion
Bluetooth is wireless connectivityBluetooth is wireless connectivity Allows for ad hoc networkingAllows for ad hoc networking Much supported in industryMuch supported in industry
References and InformationReferences and Information
BLUETOOTH – The universal radio BLUETOOTH – The universal radio interface for ad hoc, wireless interface for ad hoc, wireless connectivity, Ericsson Review No.3 connectivity, Ericsson Review No.3 19981998
www.bluetooth.comwww.bluetooth.com www.bluetooth.orgwww.bluetooth.org www.ericsson.com/bluetoothwww.ericsson.com/bluetooth www.palowireless.com/bluetoothwww.palowireless.com/bluetooth