bls_1685-63_1971.pdf

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B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S

ALASKA

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Region V219 South Dearborn St.Chicago, III. 60604Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)

Region VI1100 Commerce St., Rm. 6B7Dallas, Tex. 75202Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)

Regions V II and V IIIFederal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 10th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)

Regions IX and X450 Golden Gate Ave.Box 36017San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)

* Regions V II and V III will be serviced by Kansas City. * * Regions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco.Digitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

J. D. Hodgson, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner

AREA WAGE SURVEYThe B irm ingham , A labam a, M etropolitan Area,

M arch 1971

B u lle t in 1 6 8 5 - 6 3

June 1971

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U S . Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 40 cents


P re fa c e

T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s p r o g r a m o f annual o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s is d e s ig n e d to p r o v i d e data on o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s , and e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It y ie ld s d e t a i l e d data b y s e l e c t e d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n f o r e a c h o f the a r e a s s tu d ie d , f o r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s , and f o r the U n ited S t a te s . A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the p r o g r a m is the n eed f o r g r e a t e r in s ig h t into (1) the m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l , and (2) the s t r u c tu re and l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s .

A t the end o f e a c h s u r v e y , an in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l le t in p r e s e n t s the s u r v e y r e s u l t s . A f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f a l l o f the in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l le t in s f o r a rou n d o f s u r v e y s , tw o s u m m a r y b u l le t in s a r e i s s u e d . T h e f i r s t b r in g s data f o r e a c h o f the m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s tu d ie d in to on e b u l le t in . T h e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s in f o r m a t io n w h ich has b e e n p r o j e c t e d f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a data to r e la t e to g e o g r a p h i c r e g io n s and the U n ited S ta te s .

N in e ty a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e in c lu d e d in the p r o g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , in f o r m a t io n on o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s is c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly and on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s b ie n n ia l ly .

T h is b u l l e t in p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f the s u r v e y in B i r m i n g h a m , A la . , in M a r c h 1971. T h e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o l i ta n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , as d e f in e d by the B u r e a u o f the B u d g et th ro u g h J a n u a r y 1968, c o n s i s t s o f J e f f e r s o n , S h e lb y , and W a lk e r C o u n t ie s . T h is s tu d y w as c o n d u c te d by the B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in A t la n t a , G a . , u n d e r the g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f D o n a ld M . C r u s e , A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l D i r e c t o r f o r O p e r a t i o n s .

C o n ten tsP a g e

In tr o d u c t io n __________________________________________________________________________ 1W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _______________________________ 5

T a b l e s :

1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y andn u m b e r s t u d i e d ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

2. In d ex es o f s ta n d a r d w e e k ly s a l a r i e s and s t r a i g h t - t i m eh o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , andp e r c e n t s o f ch a n g e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s ____________________________ 6

A . O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s :A - 1. O f f i c e o ccu p a t io n s -m n e n and w o m e n ___________________________ 7A - 2. P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and

w o m e n _____________________________________________________________ 10A - 3. O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —

m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d -------------------------------------------------------- 11A - 4 . M a in te n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s ------------------------- -— 12A - 5 . C u s t o d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s -------------------- 13

B . E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s :B - l . M in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e

w o r k e r s ___________________________________________________________ 15B - 2 . Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16B - 3 . S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s __________________________________________ 17B - 4 . P a id h o l i d a y s _______________________________________________________ 18B - 5 . P a id v a c a t i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19B - 6 . H ea lth , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p l a n s -------------------------------------- 22

A p p e n d ix . O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------- 25

N O T E : S im i la r ta b u la t ion s a r e a v a i la b le f o r o th e ra r e a s . (S e e in s id e b a c k c o v e r . )

Current reports on occupational earnings and supplementary wage provisions in the Birmingham area are also available for auto dealer repair shops (August 1969): and fabricated structural steel (October 1969). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels in the Birmingham area, are also available for building construction; printing; local-transit operating employees; and local truckdrivers and helpers.

Hi


In troduction

T h is a r e a i s 1 o f 90 in w h i c h the U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s c o n d u c ts s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d b e n e f i t s on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . 1 In th is a r e a , data w e r e o b ta in ed b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e ld e c o n o m i s t s to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u fa c tu r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t i o n , and o th e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e ; and s e r v i c e s . M a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e s tu d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t io n s and the c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e in d u s t r i e s . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h av ing f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e th e y ten d to fu r n is h in s u f f i c ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ied to w a r r a n t in c lu s io n . S e p a r a t e ta b u la t ion s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f the b r o a d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l i ca t io n c r i t e r i a .

T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c te d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . T o ob ta in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y at m i n im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e than o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s tu d ied . In c o m b i n in g the data, h o w e v e r , a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t . E s t im a te s b a s e d on the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s tu d ied a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , as r e la t in g to a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the in d u s t r y g r o u p in g and a r e a , e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e l o w the m i n im u m s i z e stu d ied .

O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n in g s

T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r stu dy a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c tu r in g and n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f the fo l l o w in g t y p e s : ( l ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ;(3) m a in te n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t ; and (4) c u s t o d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t . O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n i f o r m se t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r ia t i o n in d u ties w ith in the s a m e jo b . T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r study a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in the app en d ix . T h e e a r n in g s data f o l l o w in g the jo b t i t le s a r e f o r a l l in d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d . E a r n in g s data f o r s o m e o f the o c c u p a t io n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s w ith in o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e not p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e e i th e r (1) e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e en ough data to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t data. E a r n in g s data not sh ow n s e p a r a t e l y f o r in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s a r e in c lu d e d in a l l in d u s t r ie s c o m b i n e d data, w h e r e shown. L ik e w i s e , data a r e in c lu d e d in the o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w hen a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f s e c r e t a r i e s o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is not show n or in fo r m a t io n to s u b c l a s s i f y is not a v a i la b le .

1 Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (office occu pations only); Syracuse; and Utica—Rome. In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in 77 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour Division of the U. S. Department of Labor.

O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s data a r e show n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y s c h e d u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n in g s data e x c lu d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and la te s h i f t s . N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a l l o w a n c e s and in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s a r e in c lu d e d . W h e r e w e e k l y h o u r s a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e i s to the s ta n d a rd w o r k w e e k ( r o u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a l f h ou r ) f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p ay f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n in gs f o r th e s e o c c u p a t i o n s h av e b e e n r o u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r .

T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e the l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s in an a r e a at a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r i s o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r t im e m a y not r e f l e c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s . T h e a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s and e m p lo y m e n t p a t te r n s . F o r e x a m p le , p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y h ig h - o r l o w - w a g e f i r m s m a y ch a n g e o r h i g h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n ce to b e t t e r j o b s and b e r e p l a c e d b y n ew w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a te s . Su ch sh i f t s in e m p lo y m e n t c o u l d d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n th ou gh m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g the y e a r . T r e n d s in e a r n in g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , sh o w n in ta b le 2, a r e b e t t e r in d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s than in d iv id u a l j o b s w ith in the g r o u p s .

T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n t e d r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w i d e e s t i m a t e s . In d u s t r ie s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b s ta f f in g and, th u s, c o n t r ib u t e d i f f e r e n t l y to the e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b . T h e p a y r e la t i o n s h ip o b ta in a b le f r o m the a v e r a g e s m a y fa i l to r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e l y the w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a in t a in e d a m o n g j o b s in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in an y o f the s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h ou ld n ot b e a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f the s e x e s w ith in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . O th e r p o s s i b l e f a c t o r s w h i c h m a y c o n tr ib u te to d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n and w o m e n in c lu d e : D i f f e r e n c e sin p r o g r e s s i o n w ith in e s t a b l i s h e d ra te r a n g e s , s in c e o n ly the a c tu a l r a t e s p a id in c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; and d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c du t ies p e r f o r m e d , a lth ough the w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y w ith in the s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e m p l o y e e s in th e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l ly m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d than t h o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and a l lo w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the s p e c i f i c d u t ies p e r f o r m e d .

O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f the s tu dy and n ot the n u m b e r a c t u a l ly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e

1


2

a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m the s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s tu d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e the r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s s tu d ied . T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e do not a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n in g s data.

E s t a b l i s h m e n t P r a c t i c e s and S u p p l e m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s

I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d ( in the B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) on s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s as th ey r e la t e to p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s . D ata f o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s not p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y a r e in c lu d e d in the e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s . " A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , and p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s , and c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k e r s w h o a r e u t i l i z e d as a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . " P l a n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g f o r e m e n and a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s ( in c lu d in g l e a d m e n and t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s . " O f f i c e w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s and n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g c l e r i c a l o r r e la t e d f u n c t io n s . C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s and r o u t e m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s , but in c lu d e d in n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s .

M i n im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( ta b le B - l ) r e la t e o n ly to the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . B e c a u s e o f the o p t im u m s a m p l in g t e c h n iq u e s u s e d , and the p r o b a b i l i t y that l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e m o r e l i k e l y to h av e f o r m a l e n t r a n c e r a t e s f o r w o r k e r s a b o v e the s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l than s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the ta b le is m o r e - r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s in m e d i u m and la r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .

Sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l data ( ta b le B -Z ) a r e l i m i t e d to p la n t w o r k e r s in m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s . T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d bo th in t e r m s o f (1) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f t o t a l p lant w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t , and (Z) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l ly e m p l o y e d on the s p e c i f i e d sh i f t at the t i m e o f the s u r v e y . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h av in g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , the a m ou n t a p p ly in g to a m a j o r i t y w a s u s e d o r , i f n o a m ou n t a p p l ie d to a m a j o r i t y , the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n " o t h e r " w a s u se d . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in w h i c h s o m e l a t e - s h i f t h o u r s a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d i f f e r e n t ia l w a s r e c o r d e d o n ly i f it a p p l ie d to a m a j o r i t y o f the sh ift h o u r s .

T h e s c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s ( ta b le B - 3 ) o f a m a j o r i t y o f the f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e ta b u la ted as a p p ly in g to a l l o f the p lan t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f that e s t a b l i s h m e n t . S c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s a r e t h o s e w h i c h a m a j o r i t y o f f u l l - t i m e e m p l o y e e s w e r e e x p e c t e d to w o r k , w h e t h e r th e y w e r e p a id f o r at s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e r a t e s .

P a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; and h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s ( ta b le s B - 4 th ro u g h B - 6 ) a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s i s that t h e s e a r e a p p l i c a b le to a l l p lan t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f

2 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions coveringlate shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it ( l )h a d operated late shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating late shifts.

a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r m a y e v e n tu a l ly q u a l i fy f o r the p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d . S u m s o f in d iv id u a l i t e m s in t a b le s B - Z th rou gh B - 6 m a y n ot e q u a l t o t a ls b e c a u s e o f r ou n d in g .

D ata on p a id h o l id a y s ( ta b le B - 4 ) a r e l im i t e d to data on h o l i d a y s g r a n te d a n n u a lly on a f o r m a l b a s i s ; i . e . , ( l ) a r e p r o v id e d f o r in w r i t t e n f o r m , o r (Z) h av e b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m . H o l id a y s o r d i n a r i l y g r a n te d a r e in c lu d e d e v e n though th ey m a y f a l l on a n o n w o r k d a y and the w o r k e r is not g r a n te d a n o th e r day o f f . T h e f i r s t p a r t o f the p a id h o l id a y s ta b le p r e s e n t s the n u m b e r o f w h o le a n d 'h a l f h o l id a y s a c t u a l ly g r a n te d . T h e s e c o n d p a r t c o m b i n e s w h o le and h a lf h o l id a y s to sh o w to ta l h o l id a y t i m e .

T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s (tab le B - 5 ) is l im i t e d to a s t a t i s t i c a l m e a s u r e o f v a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s . It i s not in ten d ed as a m e a s u r e o f the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l ly r e c e i v i n g s p e c i f i c b e n e f i t s . P r o v i s i o n s o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t f o r a l l len gth s o f s e r v i c e w e r e ta b u la te d as a p p ly in g to a l l p lan t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f the e s t a b l i s h m e n t , r e g a r d l e s s o f len gth o f s e r v i c e . P r o v i s i o n s f o r p a y m e n t on o th e r than a t i m e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d to a t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f Z p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as the e q u iv a len t o f 1 w e e k 's p ay . O n ly b a s i c p la n s a r e in c lu d e d . E s t im a t e s e x c lu d e v a c a t i o n b o n u s and v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s p la n s arid th o s e w h ich o f f e r " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f i t s b e y o n d b a s i c p la n s w ith q u a l i fy in g len g th s o f s e r v i c e . Such e x c l u s i o n s a r e t y p i c a l in the s te e l , a lu m in u m , and ca n i n d u s t r i e s .

D ata on h ea lth , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n plans' ( tab le B - 6 ) i n c lu d e t h o s e p la n s f o r w h i c h the e m p l o y e r p a y s at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t . Such p la n s in c lu d e th o s e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y and t h o s e p r o v i d e d th ro u g h a u n ion fund o r p a id d i r e c t l y b y the e m p l o y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t in g funds o r f r o m a fund se t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d to h av e a p lan i f the m a j o r i t y o f e m p l o y e e s w a s e l i g ib l e to b e c o v e r e d u n d e r the p lan , e v e n i f l e s s than a m a j o r i t y e l e c t e d to p a r t i c ip a t e b e c a u s e e m p l o y e e s w e r e r e q u i r e d to c o n t r ib u t e t o w a r d the c o s t o f the p lan . L e g a l l y ' r e q u i r e d p la n s , s u c h as w o r k m e n ' s c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t w e r e e x c lu d e d .

S i c k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e is l im i t e d to that ty pe o f in s u r a n c e u n d e r w h i c h p r e d e t e r m i n e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e d i r e c t l y to the in s u r e d d u r in g i l l n e s s o r a c c id e n t d i s a b i l i t y . In fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s u ch p la n s to w h i c h the e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t e s . H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o r k and N ew J e r s e y , w h i c h h a v e e n a c te d t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e la w s w h i c h r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t i o n s , p la n s a r e in c lu d e d o n ly i f the e m p l o y e r ( l ) c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e than is l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , o r (Z) p r o v i d e s the e m p l o y e e w ith b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d the r e q u i r e m e n t s o f the law . T a b u la t io n s o f p a id s i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e

3 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions.


l im i t e d to f o r m a l p l a n s 4 w h i c h p r o v id e fu l l p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f the w o r k e r ' s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s . S e p a r a t e tabu la t ion s a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g to ( l ) p lan s w h ich p r o v i d e fu l l p a y and no w a it in g p e r i o d , and (2) p lan s w h ich p r o v i d e e i t h e r p a r t i a l p a y o r a w a it in g p e r i o d . In a d d it ion to the p r e s e n t a t i o n o f the p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s w h o a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r p a id s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p l i ca te d to ta l i s sh ow n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e e i th e r o r bo th ty p e s o f b e n e f i t s .

4 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee. Such a plan need not be written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.

3

M a jo r m e d i c a l in s u r a n c e in c lu d e s t h o s e p la n s w h i c h a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s and in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s b e y o n d the c o v e r a g e o f b a s i c h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , and s u r g i c a l p la n s . M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le t e o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s . D en ta l in s u r a n c e u s u a l ly c o v e r s f i l l i n g s , e x t r a c t i o n s , and X - r a y s . E x c l u d e d a r e p la n s w h ich c o v e r o n ly o r a l s u r g e r y o r a c c id e n t d a m a g e . P la n s m a y b e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n i e s o r n o n p r o f i t o r g a n iz a t i o n s o r th e y m a y b e p a id f o r b y the e m p l o y e r out o f a fund set a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . T a b u la t io n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e l im i t e d to t h o s e p la n s that p r o v i d e r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s f o r the r e m a i n d e r o f the w o r k e r ' s l i f e .


4

T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts a n d w o rk e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u rv e y a n d n u m b e r s tu d ie d in B irm in g h a m , A la . ,1 by m a jo r in d u s try d iv is io n ," M a rc h 1971

Industry division

Minimum employment in establish

ments in scope of study

Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Within scope of study^ Studied

Within scope of studyStudied

Total4Plant Office

Number Percent Total4

All divisions---------------- --------------------------------- 568 164 123,003 100 85,572 18,749 74,760

Manufacturing------------------------------------------------------- 50 218 52 66, 337 54 53,901 4, 888 39, 849Nonmanufacturing_________________________ ___ - 350 112 56,666 46 31,671 13, 861 34,911

Transportation, communication, andother public utilities 5 ---------------------------------- 50 50 20 14,178 11 7, 132 2, 902 11,500

Wholesale trade------------------ ------------------------- 50 76 24 8, 348 7 5,656 1,517 3,901Retail trade--------------- --------- --------------------- 50 120 31 18, 184 15 14,533 1, 870 9,654Finance, insurance, and real estate 6 _ -------- 50 50 18 8, 564 7 7 240 6, 104 5, 759Services 8 ____________________________________ 50 54 19 7, 392 6 (9 ) C ) 4, 097

1 The Birmingham Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through January 1968, consists of Jefferson, Shelby, and Walker Counties. The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and com position of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of com parison with other employment indexes for the area to m easure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 The 1967 edition of the Standard Industrial C lassification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division.3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service,

and motion picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate plant and office categories.5 Abbreviated to "public utilities" in the A - and B-series tables. Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. A nu m b e r of electric utilities supplying less

than half the electric consumption were publicly owned and excluded by definition from the scope of the study.6 Abbreviated to "finance" in the A - and B -series tables.7 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only. W orkers from the entire industry division are represented in the Series A tables, but from the real estate portion only in "all

industry" estimates in the Series B tables.8 Hotels and m otels; laundries and other personal services; business services; automobile repair, rental, and parking; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations (excluding

religious and charitable organizations); and engineering and architectural services .9 This industry division is represented in estimates for "all industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A tables, and for "all industries" in the Series B tables. Separate presentation

of data for this division is not made for one or m ore of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too small to provide enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, and (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data.

Over one-half of the workers within scope of the survey in the Birmingham area were employed in manufacturing firm s. The following presents the m ajor industry groups and specific industries as a percent of all manufacturing:

Industry groups Specific industries

Prim ary metal products_______ 42Fabricated metal products_____ 12E lectrical equipment and

supplies_______________________ 9Food and kindred products____ 9T ransportation equipment_____ 5

Blast furnace and basicsteel products_________________ 25

Iron and steel foundries________ 16Fabricated structural metal

products______________________ 7Communication equipment_____ 6

This information is based on estimates of total employment derived from universe materials compiled prior to actual survey. Proportions in various industry divisions may differ from proportions based on the results o f the survey as shown in table 1 above.


W a g e T re n d s fo r S e le c te d O c c u p a tio n a l G ro u p s

P r e s e n t e d in ta b le 2 a r e in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n g e in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f s e l e c t e d p lan t w o r k e r g r o u p s . T h e in d e x e s a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g iv e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f w a g e s d u r in g the b a s e p e r i o d . S u b tra c t in g 100 f r o m the in d e x y i e l d s the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m the b a s e p e r i o d to the date o f the in d e x . T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n g e o r i n c r e a s e r e la t e to w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n the in d ic a t e d d a t e s . A n nu al r a t e s o f i n c r e a s e , w h e r e show n , r e f l e c t the a m ou n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n th s w h en the t im e p e r i o d b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s o th e r than 12 m o n t h s . T h e s e c o m p u t a t io n s w e r e b a s e d on the a s s u m p t io n that w a g e s i n c r e a s e d at a c o n s t a n t ra te b e t w e e n s u r v e y s . T h e s e e s t i m a t e s a r e m e a s u r e s o f ch a n g e in a v e r a g e s f o r the a r e a ; th e y a r e not in te n d e d to m e a s u r e a v e r a g e pay c h a n g e s in the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the a r e a .

M eth od o f C o m p u t in g

E a c h o f the f o l l o w in g k ey o c c u p a t i o n s w ith in an o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p w a s a s s i g n e d a c o n s t a n t w e ig h t b a s e d on i t s p r o p o r t i o n a t e e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n a l g ro u p :

Office clerical (men and women): Bookkeeping-machine

operators, class B Clerks, accounting, classes

A and BClerics, file , classes

A , B, and C Clerics, order Clerics, payroll Comptometer operators Keypunch operators, classes

A and BMessengers (o ffice boys or

girls)

Office clerical (men and women)— Continued

SecretariesStenographers, general Stenographers, senior Switchboard operators, classes

A and BTabulating-machine operators,

class BTypists, classes A and B

Industrial nurses (men and women):

Nurses, industrial (registered)

Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists MechanicsMechanics (automotive)PaintersPipefittersTool and die makers

Unskilled plant (men):Janitors, porters, and

cleanersLaborers, material handling

T h e a v e r a g e (m e a n ) e a r n in g s f o r e a c h o c c u p a t i o n w e r e m u l t i p l ie d b y the o c c u p a t i o n a l w e ig h t , and the p r o d u c t s f o r a l l o c c u p a t i o n s in the g r o u p w e r e to t a le d . The a g g r e g a t e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s w e r e r e la t e d b y d iv id in g the a g g r e g a t e f o r the la t e r y e a r b y the a g g r e gate f o r the e a r l i e r y e a r . The r e s u l ta n t r e la t iv e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t ,

s h o w s the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e . The in d e x i s the p r o d u c t o f m u lt ip ly in g the b a s e y e a r r e la t iv e (100 ) b y the r e la t iv e f o r the next s u c c e e d in g y e a r and con t in u in g to m u lt ip ly ( c o m p o u n d ) e a c h y e a r ' s r e la t iv e b y the p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s in d e x .

F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , the w age tr e n d s r e la t e to r e g u la r w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r the n o r m a l w o r k w e e k , e x c l u s i v e o f e a r n in g s f o r o v e r t i m e . F o r p lant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i f t s . T h e p e r c e n t a g e s a re b a s e d on data f o r s e l e c t e d k ey o c c u p a t io n s and in c lu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r i c a l l y im p o r t a n t j o b s with in e a c h g r o u p .

L im i t a t i o n s o f Data

T h e in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n g e , as m e a s u r e s o f c h a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e in f lu e n c e d by : (1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y andw a g e c h a n g e s , (2) m e r i t o r o th e r i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y in d i v id u a l w o r k e r s w h i le in the s a m e j o b , and (3) ch a n g e s in a v e r a g e w a g e s due to c h a n g e s in the la b o r f o r c e r e s u l t in g f r o m la b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and c h a n g e s in the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t pay l e v e l s . C h a n g e s in the la b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s w ith ou t ac tu a l w a g e c h a n g e s . It i s c o n c e i v a b l e that e v e n th ou gh a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s , a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y have d e c l in e d b e c a u s e l o w e r - p a y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e n t e r e d the a r e a o r ex p a n d e d t h e ir w o r k f o r c e s . S i m i l a r l y , w a g e s m a y h ave r e m a i n e d r e la t iv e ly co n s t a n t , y e t the a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a m a y h ave r i s e n c o n s i d e r a b l y b e c a u s e h ig h e r - p a y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e n t e r e d the a r e a .

T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h ts e l im in a t e s the e f f e c t o f c h a n g e s in the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h j o b i n c lu d e d in the data . T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n g e r e f l e c t o n ly ch a n g e s in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s . T h e y a r e not in f lu e n c e d by c h a n g e s in s ta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le s , as su ch , o r b y p r e m i u m pay f o r o v e r t i m e . W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , da ta w e r e a d ju s ted to r e m o v e f r o m the in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e any s ig n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d b y c h a n g e s in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .

5


T a b le 2 . In dexes o f standard w e e k ly sa la ries and s tra ig h t-tim e hourly earn ings fo r s e lected occupational g roups in

B irm ingh am , A la., M arch 1 9 7 0 and M arch 1971, and percen ts o f change ' fo r se lected periods

Period

All industries Manufacturing

Office clerical (men and women)

Industrial nurses

(men and women)

Skilledmaintenance

trades(men)

Unskilledplant

workers(men)

Office clerical (men and women)

Industrial nurses

(men and women)

Skilledmaintenance

trades(men)

Unskilledplant

workers(men)

Indexes (April 1967=100)

March 1970----------------------------------- 114.2 123.7 114.8 116.8 114.1 124.5 114.7 114.6March 1971 — ---- ----------- ------------- 121.3 134.3 121.8 124.3 122.4 136.3 121.1 121.6

Indexes (April 1961=100)

April 1967------------------------------------- 119.1 112.5 115.3 115.8 111.6 109.8 114.2 115.2March 1971----------------------------------- 144.5 151.2 140.3 144.0 136.7 149.6 138.3 140.0

Percents of change 1

April 1960 to April 1961---------------------- 2.6 1.6 3.2 1.5 2.7 1.5 3.0 .2April 1961 to April 1962---------------------- 3.4 3.1 5.1 3.8 2.3 4.0 5.6 2.7April 1962 to April 1963---------------------- 2.7 .5 .7 1.3 1.9 -.5 .4 2.1April 1963 to April 1964______________________ 1.5 .5 2.6 1.2 -.3 -.5 2.3 1.4April 1964 to April 1965---------------------- 2.0 2.0 -.2 2.7 .5 1.5 -.5 3.5April 1965 to April 1966------ -------------- 4.4 3.9 4.3 4.4 4.9 3.5 4.1 1.5April 1966 to April 1967---------- -------- __ 3.8 1.9 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.6 3.1April 1967 to April 1968---------------------- 4.6 9.3 5.6 7.1 4.5 10.4 5.6 5.2April 1968 to April 1969--------------------- 4.0 7.2 4.0 3.4 3.4 7.7 3.9 3.8April 1969 to March 1970:

11-month increase__________________________ 5.0 5.6 4.5 5.4 5.6 4.8 4.6 4.9Annual rate of increase____________________ 5.5 6.1 4.9 5.9 6.1 5.2 5.0 5.4

March 1970 to March 1971 ___________________ 6.2 8.6 6.1 6.4 7.3 9.5 5.6 6.1

1 A U changes are increases unless otherwise indicated.

NO TE : Most previously published indexes for the Birmingham area used April 1961 as the baseperiod. They can be converted to the new base period by dividing them by the corresponding index numbers for April 1967 on the April 1961 base period as shown in the table. (The result should be multiplied by 100.)


7

A. O ccupa t iona l earnings

Table A-1. O ff ice occupations—men and w om en

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Birmingham, Ala., March 1971)

Sex, occupation, and industry division

MEN

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A --------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B --------MANUFACTURING ---------------------

CLERKS, O R D E R ------ -------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

MESSENGERS (OFFICE BOYS) -----------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

WOMEN

BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLINGMACHINE) ------------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) ------------------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS A -------------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS B -------------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING -----------------WHOLESALE TRADE ----------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A --------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ---------------WHOLESALE TRADE ----------------FINANCE --------------------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B --------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ----------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------FINANCE --------------------------

CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A ---------------NCNMANUFACTURING -----------------

CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B ---------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

FINANCE --------------------------

Weekly earnings * (standard) Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of—

i i $ $ % $ $ t $ $ $ $ t t t * t $ $ $ $Number Average 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190

of weekly andworkers hours ^ Mean 2 Median2 Middle range 2 and(standard) under60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 over

$ $ $ $107 40.0 161.00 164.00 146.00-174.50 - - - - - - 2 - - - 1 5 5 20 14 12 28 15 561 40.0 171.50 173.50 164.00-184.50 3 ~ 6 5 3 24 15 546 40.0 147.50 149.00 141.00-161.50 ~ " ” 2 “ “ “ 1 2 5 14 9 9 4 “

50 40.0 111.50 112.50 105.50-123.00 _ - - 2 - 3 1 1 4 i 12 3 6 12 2 2 i - - - -35 40.0 114.00 115.00 106.50-122.50 - ~ - 1 - 4 i 11 1 5 8 2 1 i " “ “

113 40.0 119.00 125.00 109.50-139.00 _ 4 8 4 - - _ - 7 6 5 3 26 24 24 i - - 195 40.0 117.50 124.50 106.00-140.00 - 4 8 4 - “ 7 6 1 3 23 15 24 “ “ ~ “

80 39.5 84.00 82.00

O0O'CO1oo*4-r- _ 4 8 ii 14 10 18 4 2 3 1 - - - 3 2 - - - -63 39.5 82.00 81.50 75.50- 87.50 4 3 8 14 10 17 4 1 2

43 40.0 90.50 84.50 81.50- 93.50 4 21 2 9 4 333 40.0 90.00 83.00 81.00- 91.00 “ ~ 4 20 ” 6 ” 3

33

oo

87.00 87.50 77.50- 94.50 - - 4 4 - 8 2 8 - 1 - 6

37 40.0 109.50 104.00 92.00-141.00 _ _ _ _ 1 4 3 4 1 8 2 3 - 1 _ 9 1 - - -29 40.0 107.50 102.00 89.00-141.00 _ “ “ " 1 4 3 4 1 5 1. 1 1 8

136 40.0 91.50 91.50 82.50-102.00 _ 6 6 2 6 31 10 25 _ 41 1 1 _ 1 _ 6 _ _ _ - _115 39.5 88.00 88.50 81.50-101.00 - 6 6 2 6 31 10 19 - 32 1 1 - l - - - - -31 40.0 88.50 85.00 81.50-101.00 2 - 2 - 12 4 3 6 1 1

213 39.5 124.00 121.00 104.00-141.50 _ - - - 3 5 6 15 11 18 8 19 17 27 27 23 13 3 18 - -43 40.0 118.50 113.00 101.00-136.50 - - - - - - - 7 3 6 - 10 6 ~ 3 1 3 - 4 - -

170 39.0 125.00 123.50 105.50-142.50 - - - - 3 5 6 8 8 12 8 9 n 27 24 22 10 3 14 - -53 39.5 145.50 148.00 124.00-170.50 1 i 1 - 15 5 7 6 3 14 - -40 40.0 113.00 112.50 99.00-139.50 - - - - 3 3 - i 4 3 i 7 - 4 3 8 1 - -46 38.5 126.00 135.50 105.00-139.50 “ - “ “ 3 3 6 2 1 i 5 15 7 3 “ “

650 39.0 95.50 93.50 84.00-106.50 5 10 13 18 31 i07 57 124 65 47 44 53 33 15 B 19 1 - - - -180 40.0 96.50 93.00 89.00-105.50 - 3 6 6 1 19 13 71 4 12 10 3 12 14 5 1 - - - -470 39.0 95.50 94.00 83.00-106.50 5 7 7 12 30 88 44 53 61 35 34 50 21 1 3 18 1 - - - -69 40.0 98.50 96.50 85.50-107.50 - - - 3 3 11 5 11 6 5 16 1 3 - 2 2 1 - - - -77 39.5 88.50 89.00 79.50-101.00 i 3 3 4 9 15 5 6 10 10 7 4

144 38.5 90.50 90.00 82.00- 99.00 4 4 5 13 26 21 22 17 13 7 2 10 - “ “ “ _ ~

59 39.0 86.00 84.00 76.50- 90.00 - - io‘ 2 9 11 13 - 6 - 4 1 _ 1 1 1 - - - -46 38.5 84.00 84.00 74.50- 88.50 10 2 4 10 13 - 4 - - - 1 1 1 ” “

250 39.5 79.00 78.50 72.00- 84.00 _ 4 27 73 29 72 14 25 - 1 2 - 2 _ - _ 1 _ - - -26 40.0 82.00 79.00 70.50- 88.50 - - 6 6 2 2 6 - - 1 i - 2 - - - - - - - -

224 39.5 78.50 79.00 72.50- 83.50 - 4 21 67 27 70 8 25 - - i - - - - - 1 - - - -104 39.0 76.50 75.50 72.00- 81.00 13 37 22 27 4 1

See footnotes at end of tables.


8

T ab le A-1. O ffice occupations—men and w o m e n -----Continued


Sex, occupation, and industry divi

WOMEN - CONTINUED

CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C NONMANUFACTURING -

FINANCE ---------

CLERKS, ORDER -------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------

CLERKS, PAYROLL -----------------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

RETAIL TRADE ---------------

COMPTOMETER OPERATORS ----------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

RETAIL TRADE ---------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A --MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

FINANCE ---------------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B --MANUFACTURING------- --------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------RETAIL TRADE --------------FINANCE ---------------------

MESSENGERS (OFFICE GIRLS) -----NONMANUFACTURING ------------

SECRETARIES ----------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------RETAIL TRADE --------------FINANCE --------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS A --------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS B --------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ---------FINANCE --------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS C --------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------FINANCE --------------------

Weekly earnings 1 (standard)

Numberof

workers

Averageweekly

(standard)Mean 2 Median 2 Middle range2

t $5 5

a n du n d e r

6 0

t6 0

6 5

$6 5

7 0

7 0

7 5

1 4 2 3 9 . 5 7 4 . 0 0$7 3 . 5 0

$ $ 6 7 . 0 0 - 7 8 . 5 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 4 5

1 3 2 3 9 . 5 7 3 . 0 0 7 2 . 5 0 6 6 . 0 0 - 7 7 . 5 0 2 1 1 0 11 4 51 0 2 3 9 . 5 7 3 . 5 0 7 3 . 5 0 7 0 . 5 0 - 7 8 . 0 0 1 8 “ 5 3 9

5 0 3 9 . 5 9 3 . 5 0 9 9 . 0 0 8 3 . 0 0 - 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 4 - 33 5 3 9 . 5 8 8 . 5 0 9 2 . 5 0 7 6 . 5 0 - 1 0 3 . 0 0 1 4 - 33 0 4 0 . 0 9 3 . 0 0 9 6 . 5 0 8 3 . 0 0 - 1 0 4 . 0 0 3

1 9 3 3 9 . 5 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 . 5 0 9 2 . 0 0 - 1 1 8 . 0 0 - - 91 2 3 4 0 . 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 1 0 1 . 0 0 9 2 . 5 0 - 1 2 2 . 0 0 - 5

7 0 3 9 . 0 1 0 2 . 0 0 9 9 . 5 0 8 8 . 0 0 - 1 1 4 . 5 0 - ~ 42 8 3 9 . 0 9 6 . 0 0 9 7 . 0 0 7 9 . 0 0 - 1 1 4 . 0 0 ~ “ 4

1 4 8 3 9 . 0 9 1 . 0 0 9 3 . 5 0 7 5 . 5 0 - 1 0 3 . 5 0 2 5 7 2 29 7 3 8 . 0 8 6 . 5 0 8 7 . 5 0 7 2 . 5 0 - 1 0 1 . 0 0 2 5 7 2 27 4 3 7 . 5 8 5 . 5 0 8 2 . 5 0 7 1 . 0 0 - 1 0 1 . 5 0 2 5 7 2 0

1 8 4 4 0 . 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 0 2 . 5 0 9 2 . 0 0 - 1 2 1 . 0 0 - - 2 28 0 4 0 . 0 1 1 3 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 5 0 9 6 . 0 0 - 1 2 3 . 0 0 ~

1 0 4 3 9 . 5 9 9 . 0 0 9 6 . 0 0 8 7 . 5 0 - 1 1 0 . 0 0 - 2 27 0 3 9 . 5 9 6 . 0 0 9 3 . 5 0 8 5 . 5 0 - 1 0 8 . 0 0 “ 2 2

4 2 6 3 9 . 5 8 9 . 5 0 8 6 . 0 0 7 9 . 0 0 - 9 8 . 5 0 - 4 7 3 88 6 4 0 . 0 9 2 . 0 0 9 2 . 5 0 8 3 . 5 0 - 1 0 2 . 5 0 - 6 4

3 4 0 3 9 . 0 8 8 . 5 0 8 4 . 5 0 7 8 . 5 0 - 9 7 . 5 0 4 1 3 41 1 0 3 8 . 5 9 9 . 5 0 9 7 . 5 0 8 5 . 0 0 - 1 1 1 . 0 0 - - - 1

2 9 4 0 . 0 9 0 . 0 0 8 9 . 5 0 8 4 . 0 0 - 9 4 . 0 0 - - 1 13 1 3 9 . 5 8 2 . 5 0 8 1 . 0 0 7 5 . 5 0 - 9 4 . 0 0 2 5

1 6 6 3 9 . 5 8 2 . 0 0 8 0 . 5 0 7 6 . 0 0 - 8 6 . 0 0 - 2 2 7

3 3 3 9 . 5 7 9 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 7 4 . 5 0 - 8 6 . 0 0 2 - 1 63 3 3 9 . 5 7 9 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 7 4 . 5 0 - 8 6 . 0 0 2 1 6

7 8 9 3 9 . 5 1 2 1 . 5 0 1 1 9 . 0 0 1 0 2 . 0 0 - 1 4 0 . 0 0 _ 1 2 62 0 1 4 0 . 0 1 3 4 . 5 0 1 3 7 . 0 0 1 1 9 . 0 0 - 1 4 9 . 0 0 - - -5 8 8 3 9 . 5 1 1 7 . 5 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 . 5 0 - 1 3 3 . 0 0 1 2 61 5 1 3 9 . 5 1 3 5 . 5 0 1 3 1 . 5 0 1 0 8 . 5 0 - 1 5 6 . 5 0 - - - -

7 1 4 0 . 0 1 1 4 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 1 0 2 . 0 0 - 1 3 4 . 0 0 - - - -3 7 3 9 . 5 1 0 0 . 0 0 9 5 . 0 0 8 2 . 0 0 - 1 1 2 . 5 0 - 1 - -

2 6 8 3 9 . 0 1 0 9 . 0 0 1 0 4 . 5 0 9 4 . 5 0 - 1 2 5 . 0 0 2 6

7 6 3 9 . 5 1 3 5 . 5 0 1 3 2 . 0 0 1 0 5 . 5 0 - 1 6 0 . 0 0 _ _ - _

5 5 3 9 . 5 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 2 3 . 5 0 1 0 2 . 5 0 - 1 6 0 . 0 0 - - " -

2 1 3 3 9 . 5 1 3 1 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 5 0 1 1 4 . 5 0 - 1 4 6 . 0 0 _ _ 2 25 8 4 0 . 0 1 3 2 . 0 0 1 2 9 . 5 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 4 7 . 5 0 - - -

1 5 5 3 9 . 5 1 3 0 . 5 0 1 3 1 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 1 4 4 . 5 0 - - 2 24 5 3 9 . 5 1 5 1 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 8 2 . 5 0 - - - -

6 2 3 8 . 5 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 1 0 2 . 5 0 - 1 3 7 . 5 0 - - 2 2

2 5 7 3 9 . 5 1 1 9 . 5 0 1 1 6 . 0 0 1 0 3 . 0 0 - 1 3 2 . 5 0 - _ _ _

5 2 4 0 . 0 1 2 9 . 0 0 1 3 1 . 0 0 1 1 4 . 0 0 - 1 4 8 . 0 0 - - - -2 0 5 3 9 . 5 1 1 7 . 0 0 1 1 2 . 0 0 1 0 2 . 0 0 - 1 2 8 . 5 0 - - - -

3 0 4 0 . 0 1 0 8 . 0 0 1 0 3 . 5 0 1 0 1 . 5 0 - 1 0 5 . 5 0 - - - -

1 0 1 3 9 . 5 1 1 0 . 5 0 1 0 9 . 5 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 5 . 5 0

$

Numb er of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of—

$ $ $ * * $ $ * $ S s $ $ * $ $75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190

and

80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 over

29 9 9 2 4 226 8 8 1 - 2 -24 8 7 1

3 3 3 2 8 11 9 - 3 - - - - - - - -3 3 3 2 5 5 63 3 3 2 5 5 6

9 12 5 38 21 25 6 11 16 10 14 ii 5 - 1 - -5 5 - 31 12 18 3 3 8 9 11 8 5 ~ -4 7 5 7 9 7 3 8 8 1 3 3 1 - -4 4 1 “ 4 1 5 2 1 2 ~ ~

9 6 8 21 13 28 ii 7 7 l l - - - - - -3 6 8 9 10 10 5 7 1 1 1 ~ - -3 1 6 10 8 4 7 1 “ “

2 14 13 37 11 21 10 9 10 46 1 5 - 1 - - -- - 1 19 1 9 3 2 1 41 - 2 - 1 -2 14 12 18 10 12 7 7 9 5 1 3 ~ -2 10 12 11 4 8 4 4 9 1 “ 1 “

71 84 45 44 39 29 22 26 2 7 4 4 _ - - - -3 13 10 16 10 7 10 2 1 4 - - -

68 71 35 28 29 22 12 24 1 3 4 4 ~ - ~ - -9 18 6 15 14 10 7 20 ~ 2 4 4 ~ ~ -~ 7 7 8 1 - ~ 4 - - - - -8 5 1 4 3 2 ~ - 1 - - - - - - - -

51 41 21 i 9 9 5

8 7 7 i _ 18 7 7 i 1

8 35 26 33 41 111 54 42 46 107 79 87 43 24 24 11 9- - - 6 9 1 7 13 19 29 29 49 20 9 8 1 i8 35 26 27 32 110 47 29 27 78 50 38 23 15 16 10 81 - 3 4 6 19 7 7 6 21 15 16 14 5 12 9 6~ 4 - 2 1 28 5 7 2 2 7 11 - 2 - -4 11 1 2 - 6 3 1 1 1 4 - 1 - ~ - i3 18 22 19 23 46 21 11 11 48 15 10 6 6 1

4 4 - 1 _ 10 4 3 - 11 6 5 10 7 4 i 64 4 1 - 10 4 3 4 4 3 5 5 3 5

1 7 1 10 3 18 6 4 13 39 39 24 12 8 12 10 2- 5 l - 1 8 15 10 8 5 1 4 - -

1 7 1 5 2 18 6 3 5 24 29 16 7 7 8 10 21 - - 2 - - - 1 10 6 3 3 1 7 9 2“ - 2 2 15 3 - 3 9 13 5 4 2 -

3 3 9 9 11 47 22 21 20 42 19 23 17 6 4 _ 1- - - i 3 - 2 9 9 1 7 11 6 3 - -3 3 9 8 8 47 20 12 11 41 12 12 11 3 4 - 1

- - - 23 3 ~ - - 3 - - - 1 - -3 8 8 6 16 ii 7 5 32 2 3

See footnotes at end of tables


T ab le A-1. O ffice occupations—men and w o m e n -----Continued


9

Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of—$ i s $ $ S $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ * $ S s $ $

Sex, occupation, and industry division ofAverageweekly

55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190workers hours ^ Mean 2 Median 2 Middle range2 and

(standard) under and60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 over

WOMEN - CONTINUED

SECRETARIES - CONTINUED$ $ $ $

SECRETARIES, CLASS D ---------------------- 230 39.5 111.00 105.00 95.50-126.50 - 1 - 4 - 21 16 13 27 35 21 14 12 15 8 32 A 3 A - -MANUFACTURING --------------------------------- 62 40.0 135.50 146.00 119.50-149.00 - - - - - - - - 5 1 5 3 2 6 5 25 4 3 3 - -NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------- 168 39.5 102.00 101.00 90.00-110.00 - 1 - 4 - 21 16 13 22 34 16 11 10 9 3 7 - - 1 - -

FINANCE ------------------------------------------------------------ 93 39.5 95.50 95.50 85.50-103.50 - “ - 4 - 18 14 9 15 15 7 4 3 4 - - - - -

STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -------------------------------- 643 39.5 102.00 97.50 88.00-112.00 _ 2 1 3 17 91 82 91 64 69 41 59 19 43 35 18 1 5 2 - -MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------- 161 40.0 109.50 110.00 95.00-122.50 - - - 1 2 7 30 12 18 10 27 9 25 16 A ~ ~ - -NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------- 482 39.5 99.50 94.50 85.50-107.00 2 1 3 16 89 75 61 52 51 31 32 10 18 19 14 1 5 2 ~ -

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------------------- 229 39.0 104.00 97.50 85.50-112.50 - ~ 2 54 18 28 24 25 12 19 5 7 13 14 1 5 2 -WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------------- 44 40.0 95.50 96.00 84.50-109.50 - 2 1 2 - 7 7 3 3 6 3 7 1 ~ 2 -FINANCE ---------------------------------------- 133 39.5 95.50 92.00 85.50-103.50 “ 1 10 20 29 17 15 13 11 4 1 8 4 " “

STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ------------------------ 252 40.0 121.50 118.00 99.00-142.00 _ - - 1 5 10 14 15 23 15 11 16 29 15 29 23 15 9 22 - -MANUFACTURING --------------------------------- 50 40.0 111.00 111.50 99.50-119.00 ~ - - - ~ ~ 3 11 7 3 5 11 2 6 2 - -NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------- 202 40.0 124.50 123.00 98.50-147.50 - - 1 5 10 14 12 12 a 8 11 18 13 23 21 15 9 22 -

WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------------- 37 40.0 124.50 131.00 112.50-134.00 ~ - - 7 - - 5 2 2 16 2 3 -FINANCE ---------------------------------------- 54 39.5 109.50 109.50 94.50-123.00 - 1 1 A 6 2 1 7 6 1 10 8 ” 7 ” “ ~

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A ------- 28 Oo 110.00 107.50 99.50-122.00 - - - - - - i 1 6 5 3 - 4 4 3 1 - - - - -

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ------- 123 40.0 78.50 72.00 6 4 .0 0 - 86.50 1 40 12 23 3 10 12 3 A - 5 3 2 1 A - - - - - -NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------- 121 40.0 78.00 71.50 6 3 .5 0 - 86.00 1 40 12 23 3 10 12 3 A ~ 5 2 1 1 A “ “ -

RETAIL TRADE ------------------------------- 30 38.5 75.00 71.50 66 .0 0 - 76.00 1 6 5 11 1 1 2 1 i 1 “ “ “

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS- 152 40.0 93.00 90.50 82.50-102.50 - - 9 12 5 25 23 26 9 12 14 5 1 3 5 1 - 1 1 - -MANUFACTURING --------------------- 65 40.0 92.50 90.50 83.00- 98.00 - - 8 3 9 11 15 6 1 3 3 1 2 2 1 “NONMANUFACTURING ---------------- — 87 40.0 93.00 90.50 82.00-104.00 - 9 4 2 16 12 11 3 11 ii 2 i 3 ' 1 I

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------- 29 40.0 98.50 105.50 83.50-109.00 “ 1 9 3 ” " 1 10 2 i 2 ” “ “

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS E ------------------------------------------------ 29

Oo 112.00 110.00 106.00-120.00 “ “ ” 1 1 2 2 9 7 i 5 1 “ “

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS,GENERAL ------------------------------- 64 39.0 90.00 90.00 81.00- 97.50 - 4 i 8 13 6 12 9 4 2 4 i - - “ ~ “

NONMANUFACTURING ----------------- 53 39.0 87.50 86.00 80.00- 96.00 - 4 i 8 13 6 7 7 3 2 i i ~ “ _ ~FINANCE -------------------------- 41 39.0 87.50 86.00 79.00- 96.00 “ 4 “ 8 8 4 7 3 3 2 i “ i “ “ ~ _ ■

TYPISTS, CLASS A --------------------- 90 39.0 94.00 93.00 75.00-111.50 - - - 23 6 12 - 8 8 6 - 16 6 - 5 - - - - -NONMANUFACTURING ----------------- 79 39.0 90.00 84.50 74.50-103.00 “ 23 6 12 ” 8 8 5 16 i “ “ ”

TYPISTS, CLASS B --------------------------------- 349 39.5 86.00 83.00 78.00- 89.00 - 9 15 21 75 9 9 53 17 26 13 6 4 i i - - - - - 9 -MANUFACTURING --------------------------------- 100 40.0 89.50 88.00 82.00- 98.50 ~ - - 13 30 13 11 13 9 6 4 i - - “ “NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------- 249 39.5 84.50 81.50 76.50- 86.50 9 15 21 62 69 40 6 13 u - i “ ~ “ 9 “

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------------------- 26 39.0 118.00 86.00 80.50-182.00 " “ 6 7 3 - “ i “ ~ “ 9

FINANCE --------— —---------——— — 116

See footnotes at end of tables,


10

Table A -2 . Professional and technical occupations—men and w om en


Sex, occupation, and industry divisionNumber

ofhours 1

(standard)

Weekly earnings 1 (standard) Number of workers receiving traight-time weekly earnings of—

Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2

$ $85

and unde r

90

S90

95

9 5

lOG

t100

1 0 5

*105

110

$110

115

$115

120

$ $120

125

$125 130

130 135

$135 140

140 145

145

150

$150

160

160

170

$170

180

180

190

190

200

200

210

210

220

$220

and

over

MEN

$ $ $ $COMPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------- 28 40.0 124.00 130.50 105.50-139.50 2 “ i 4 3 ” 3 1 4 4 3 2 1 “

COMPUTER PROGRAMERS,BUSINFSS, CLASS B -------------------------------------------- 41 39.5 169.50 174.00 152.50-188.50 - - - - - 3 1 1 i - 3 - 5 4 9 6 3 3 1 i

NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------- 35 39.5 165.00 171.50 145.00-187.00 ~ - - “ “ * 3 1 1 i “ 3 - 5 3 7 6 3 2

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A ------------------- 144 40.0 198.00 201.00 188.00-208.50 - - _ - - - 1 - 1 - i 1 1 4 4 4 26 27 49 8 17MANUFACTURING --------------------- 74 40.0 197.00 205.50 189.00-209.00 ~ * - 1 ” 1 “ i 1 1 3 2 3 7 16 25 3 10

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B ------------------- 234 40.0 159.00 159.00 145.50-173.00 - - - - - - - 1 8 13 12 20 32 35 49 30 26 2 2 3 1MANUFACTURING---------- ----------- 118 40.0 160.00 160.00 147.00-177.CO - - - - - - - 1 6 8 2 9 10 24 25 10 20 1 - 1 1

116 40.0 158.00 158.00 145.50-171.00 ii 22 11 24 20 1DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -------------------------------------------- 138 40.0 124.00 120.00 112.00-134.00 - 1 9 8 8 25 19 13 12 12 6 4 1 16 1 _ 1 1 1 - -

MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------- 70 40.0 125.50 119.50 115.00- 134.00 - - 5 - - 21 11 5 8 4 5 - - 8 - 1 1 1 - -NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------- 68 40.0 122.50 121.00 107.50-134.00 1 4 8 8 4 8 8 4 6 1 4 1 8 1 “ ~ _ “

WOMEN

NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) --- 40 40.0 144.50 144.5: 132.00-156.00 _ _ _ _ _ i 4 _ 4 3 1 8 3 10 4 l 1 _ _ _ _MANUFACTURING --------------------- 32 40.0 144.50 144.50 136.00-154.00 i 3 1 3 1 8 3 10 i 1



T a b le A -3 . O ff ice , professional, and technica l o ccu p atio n s—men and w o m e n com bined

(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B irm in g h a m , A la . , M a rc h 1971)

11

Occupation and industry divisionN um ber

o fw orkers

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS

BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLINGMACHINE) -------------------

NONMANUFACTURING ------5242

BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) ------------------------ 33

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS A --------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING ------------4032

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS B --------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING ------------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------

136115

31

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A --------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------FINANCE ---------------------------

320104216

64542563

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS BMANUFACTURING ------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------

WHOLESALE TRADE -------RETAIL TRADE ;-----------FINANCE -----------------

700215485

6977

148

CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

FINANCE ---------------------------

614830

CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B ----------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

FINANCE ---------------------------

25326

227107

CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

FINANCE ---------------------------

144134102

CLERKS, ORDER -------MANUFACTURING ----NONMANUFACTURING •

WHOLESALE TRADE

16333

130109

CLERKS, PAYROLL ----MANUFACTURING --NONMANUFACTURING

RETAIL TRADE —

213141

7228

COMPTOMETER OPERATORS NONMANUFACTURING -

RETAIL TRADE ---

1489774

A verage

W eekly W eeklyhours 1 earn ings 1

(standard ) (standard )

$4 0 .0 9 3 .5 04 0 .0 9 3 .5 0

* O o 8 7 .0 0

4 0 .0 1 0 7 .5 04 0 .0 1 0 5 .5 0

4 0 .0 9 1 .5 03 9 .5 8 8 .0 04 0 .0 8 8 .5 0

3 9 .5 1 3 6 .5 04 0 .0 1 4 9 .5 03 9 .5 1 3 0 .0 03 9 .5 1 4 7 .5 04 0 .0 1 2 2 .0 03 9 .5 1 0 7 .0 03 9 .0 1 3 2 .5 0

3 9 .0 9 7 .0 04 0 .0 9 9 .0 03 9 .0 9 5 .5 04 0 .0 9 8 .5 03 9 .5 8 8 .5 03 8 .5 9 0 .0 0

3 9 .0 8 7 .5 03 9 .0 8 6 .0 03 8 .0 7 8 .0 0

3 9 .5 7 9 .0 04 0 .0 8 2 .0 03 9 .5 7 8 .5 03 9 .0 7 7 .0 0

3 9 .5 7 4 .0 03 9 .5 7 3 .0 03 9 .5 7 3 .5 0

4 0 .0 1 1 1 .5 04 0 .0 1 1 8 .0 04 0 .0 1 09 .504 0 .0 1 1 8 .0 0

3 9 .5 1 0 8 .0 04 0 .0 1 1 0 .0 03 9 .0 1 0 4 .0 03 9 .0 9 6 .0 0

3 9 .0 9 1 .0 03 8 .0 8 6 .5 03 7 .5 8 5 .5 0

Occupation and industry division

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A --------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

FINANCE ---------------------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B --------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------


MESSENGERS (OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLS)-NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------------FINANCE ---------------------------

SECRETARIES ----------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------


SECRETARIES, CLASS A --------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS B --------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------


SECRETARIES, CLASS C --------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------FINANCE ---------------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS D --------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

FINANCE ---------------------------

STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL --------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES ----------------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------FINANCE ---------------------------

STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ----------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFAC I U R I N G ------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------FINANCE ---------------------------

A verage

N um bero f

workersW eekly hours 1

[standard)

W eekly e arn ings 1 (standard )

184 4 0 .0$1 0 5 .0 0

80 4 0 .0 1 1 3 .0 0104 3 9 .5 9 9 .0 0

70 3 9 .5 9 6 .0 0

426 3 9 .5 8 9 .5 086 4 0 .0 9 2 .0 0

340 3 9 .0 8 8 .5 0110 3 8 .5 9 9 .5 0

29 4 0 .0 9 0 .0 031 3 9 .5 8 2 .5 0

166 3 9 .5 8 2 .0 0

113 3 9 .5 8 2 .5 096 3 9 .5 8 1 .0 025 3 9 .0 8 8 .0 038 4 0 .0 7 8 .0 0

790 3 9 .5 1 2 2 .0 0201 4 0 .0 1 3 4 .5 0589 3 9 .5 1 1 7 .5 0152 3 9 .5 1 3 6 .0 0

71 4 0 .0 1 1 4 .0 037 3 9 .5 1 0 0 .0 0

268 3 9 .0 1 0 9 .0 0

76 3 9 .5 1 3 5 .5 055 3 9 .5 1 3 0 .0 0

213 3 9 .5 1 3 1 .0 058 4 0 .0 1 3 2 .0 0

155 3 9 .5 1 3 0 .5 045 3 9 .5 1 5 1 .5 062 3 8 .5 1 2 0 .0 0

258 3 9 .5 1 1 9 .5 052 4 0 .0 1 2 9 .0 0

206 3 9 .5 1 1 7 .0 030 4 0 .0 1 0 8 .0 0

101 3 9 .5 1 1 0 .5 0

230 3 9 .5 1 1 1 . 0 062 4 0 .0 1 3 5 .5 0

168 3 9 .5 1 0 2 .0 093 3 9 .5 9 5 .5 0

644 3 9 .5 1 0 2 .0 0162 4 0 .0 1 1 0 .0 0482 3 9 .5 9 9 .5 0229 3 9 .0 1 0 4 .0 0

44 4 0 .0 9 5 .5 0133 3 9 .5 9 5 .5 0

253 4 0 .0 1 2 2 .0 051 4 0 .0 1 1 2 .0 0

202 4 0 .0 1 2 4 .5 037 4 0 .0 1 2 4 .5 054 3 9 .5 1 0 9 .5 0

Occupation and industry division

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A ----

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ----NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

RETAIL TRADE ---------------------

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS-MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS B --------------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS,GENERAL --------------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING ------------------FINANCE ---------------------------

TYPISTS, CLASS A ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

TYPISTS, CLASS B ----------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------


PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS

COMPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS B --------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMERS,BUSINESS, CLASS A --------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMERS,BUSINESS, CLASS B --------------------


COMPUTER PROGRAMERS,BUSINESS, CLASS C --------------------


DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A --------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B --------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C --------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS ---------------------

NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) ---MANUFACTURING ----------------------

AverageNumber

ofworkers

Weekly hours 1

[standard)

Weekly earnings 1 (standard)

28 OO $1 1 0 .0 0

123 4 0 .0 7 8 .5 0121 4 0 .0 7 8 .0 0

30 3 8 .5 7 5 .0 0

152 4 0 .0 9 3 .0 065 4 0 .0 9 2 .5 087 4 0 .0 9 3 .0 029 4 0 .0 9 8 .5 0

46 4 0 .0 1 0 7 .0 037 4 0 .0 1 0 5 .0 0

64 3 9 .0 9 0 .0 053 3 9 .0 8 7 .5 041 3 9 .0 8 7 .5 0

90 3 9 .0 9 4 .0 079 3 9 .0 9 0 .0 0

358 3 9 .5 8 7 .0 0100 4 0 .0 8 9 .5 0258 3 9 .5 8 6 .0 0

35 3 9 .5 1 2 0 .0 0116 3 9 .5 8 0 .5 0

40 3 9 .0 1 1 6 .5 035 3 9 .0 1 1 7 .5 0

26 4 0 .0 2 1 4 .5 0

47 3 9 .5 1 6 7 .0 040 3 9 .5 1 6 3 .0 0

32 3 9 .5 1 2 7 .0 030 3 9 .5 1 2 3 .0 0

148 4 0 .0 1 9 7 .5 074 4 0 .0 1 9 7 .0 0

241 4 0 .0 1 5 8 .5 0119 4 0 .0 1 6 0 .0 0122 4 0 .0 1 5 7 .5 0

140 4 0 .0 1 2 4 ,0 070 4 0 .0 1 2 5 .5 070 4 0 .0 1 2 2 .5 0

68 3 9 .5 1 0 6 .5 0

40 4 0 .0 1 4 4 .5 032 4 0 .0 1 4 4 .5 0

S ee fo o tn o te at end o f ta b le s


Table A -4 , Maintenance and powerplant occupations

(A v e ra g e s tra ig h t-t im e h ou r ly ea rn in gs fo r s e le c te d o ccu p a tion s studied on an a re a b a s is b y in du stry d iv is io n , B irm in gh a m , A la . , M a rch 1971)

S ex , o ccu p a tion , and in dustry d iv is ion

MEN

CARPENTERS, MAINTENANCE -------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------

ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE ----------MANUFACTURING ---------------------

ENGINEERS, STATIONARY ---------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------

HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES --------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS, TOOLROOM — MANUFACTURING ---------------------

MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE MANUFACTURING -------

MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE(MAINTENANCE) ---------

MANUFACTURING -------NONMANUFACTURING ---

PUBLIC UTILITIES -

MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE ■MANUFACTURING -------NONMANUFACTURING ---

MILLWRIGHTS -------------MANUFACTURING -------

PAINTERS, MAINTENANCE — MANUFACTURING -------

TOOL AND DIE MAKERS ---MANUFACTURING -------

Hourly earnings 3 Number of worker s receiving straight-tim e hourly earnings of—i % $ $ $ $ t $ $ S $ $ $ $ % $ $ t $ t

of Under 2 .50 2 .60 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .00 3 .1 0 3 .20 3 .3 0 3 .40 3 .50 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .80 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .20 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .00 5 .20workers Mean Median Middle range ^ * and

2. 50 under and

2.60 2 .7 0 2 .30 2 .90 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .20 3 .30 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .60 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .40 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .00 5 .20 over

$ $ $ $156 4 .1 0 4 .01 3 .8 4 - 4 .5 0 - - 3 1 - - 5 - 2 2 - 10 9 17 27 27 9 7 20 16 i143 4 .1 2 4 .0 2 3 .8 6 - 4 .6 5 - - 3 - - - 5 - - 2 - 10 7 14 27 25 8 6 20 16

700 4 .4 8 4 .4 9 4 .1 1 - 4 .9 2 - - - 10 - _ _ 3 12 3 8 2 2 6 2 33 130 90 96 78 118 91 16678 4 .4 7 4 .48 4 .1 0 - 4 .9 2 - - " 10 - - - 3 12 3 8 i ? 6 2 33 129 86 95 73 112 87 16

119 3 .93 3 .98 3 .7 5 - 4 .0 3 3 - _ _ - - - 3 1 - 6 - 15 4 17 13 41 2 9 - 4 1 -97 4 .0 1 4 .01 3 .8 4 - 4 .0 8 - - - - - 3 - - 14 4 10 13 39 2 8 4

614 3 .45 3.59 3 .2 5 - 3 .6 7 18 18 - 1 16 48 4 - 97 25 39 43 210 29 25 8 9 20 2 - - - -563 3 .5 0 3 .61 3 .2 7 - 3 .68 13 - - - 17 44 - - 93 15 39 39 210 29 25 8 9 20 2 - - - -

51 2 .8 5 2 .93 2 .5 4 - 3 .3 2 5 18 - 1 1 4 4 4 10 “ 4

137 3 .5 8 3 .38 2 .7 0 - 4 .0 7 _ - 36 _ 13 _ - - _ 18 2 2 3 5 - 5 21 13 2 _ - - 12137 3 .58 3 .38 2 .7 0 - 4 .0 7 - - 36 - 18 - - - - 18 2 2 3 5 - 5 21 13 2 12

522 4 .4 3 4 .2 9 4 .0 7 - 5 .01 - _ - 5 - - - _ 12 _ 1 1 - 3 - 1 26 148 97 13 7 52 141 -

521 4 .4 3 4 .2 9 4 .0 7 - 5.01 “ ” 5 “ ~ “ 12 ~ 17 “ 3 1 26 148 97 13 7 51 141 “

425 3 .9 8 4 .0 5 3 .3 1 - 4 .5 8 4 3 10 26 7 24 _ 5 27 9 3 25 7 20 14 12 37 21 73 14 52 28 4179 3 .8 9 4 .0 7 2 .9 9 - 4 .5 7 4 3 10 - 6 24 - 3 3 5 3 - 1 1 - 8 33 9 3 1 4 31 “ -246 4 .0 4 3 .9 6 3 .5 2 - 4 .7 2 - - - 26 1 - - 2 24 4 - 25 6 19 14 4 4 12 42 10 21 28 4216 4 .0 9 4 .36 3 .5 3 - 4 .8 0 - 24 - - - - 24 - 25 - 19 8 i 2 8 42 10 21 28 4

1 ,057 4 .0 9 4 .13 3 .9 3 - 4 .5 4 _ _ 6 45 4 58 8 23 29 26 3 6 8 19 10 58 280 132 148 104 49 23 181 ,005 4 .1 1 4 .14 3 .9 7 - 4 .5 5 - - 6 45 3 54 6 21 17 25 l 3 5 15 9 58 278 121 146 104 48 22 18

52 3 .65 3 .58 3 .2 4 - 4 .2 3 - - - 1 4 2 2 12 1 2 3 3 4 i * 2 11 2 “ i 1

234 4 .4 7 4 .1 5 4 .0 5 - 4 .9 7 _ - 1 116 9 - 27 31 49 -

234 4 .4 7 4 .1 5 4 .0 5 - 4 .9 7 i 1 116 9 27 31 49 ■

42 4 .0 3 4 .0 3 3 .7 0 - 4 .5 0 _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ 8 _ 9 - 5 6 11 _ _ _ -

36 4 .0 9 4 .05 3 .8 2 - 4 .5 2 8 - 8 - 5 4 11 - - - -

124 3 .98 4 .13 3 .9 5 - 4 .1 8 - _ _ _ _ _ _ - 10 _ 9 9 _ _ _ 6 69 21 _ _ _ _ -

124 3 .98 4 .1 3 3 .9 5 - 4 .1 8 10 9 9 6 69 21

See fo o tn otes at end o f ta b le s .


13

Table A -5 . Custodial and material movement occupations

(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Birmingham, Ala., March 1971)


MEN

GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ----------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

GUARDSMANUFACTURING --------------------

WATCHMENm a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------

JANITGRS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS —MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------FINANCE — ----------------------

LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING -------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------

ORDER FILLERS ----------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------

PACKERS, SHIPPING -------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------

RECEIVING CLERKS --------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------

SHIPPING CLERKS ---------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS ----MANUFACTURING --------------------

TRUCKDRIVERS -----------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------

Hourly earnings^

Num berof

workers M e an2 M edian^ M iddle range ^

755$2.18

$1.74

$1.66-

$2.98

169 3.03 3.22 2.83- 3.60586 1.93 1.69 1.64- 1.89

119 3.33 3.38 3.16- 3.63

50 2.31 2.16 2.01- 2.83

1,497 1.99 1.77 1.65- 2.30431 2.57 2.49 2.24- 2.88

1,066 1.76 1.68 1.63- 1.8785 2.42 2.38 2.02- 2.8537 1.93 1.97 1.73- 2.09

210 1.78 1.69 1.64- 1.93137 1.93 1.92 1.73- 2.15

1,744 2.49 2.35 2.10- 2.76962 2.63 2.52 2.18- 2.83782 2.32 2.17 1.76- 2.40290 2.83 2.38 2.32- 3.54375 2.02 2.01 1.74- 2.19117 2.00 1.95 1.66- 2.21

421 2.30 2.25 1.77- 2.6767 3.12 3.02 2.37- 3.86

354 2.14 2.21 1.75- 2.54239 1.97 1.79 1.73- 2.25

238 3.00 3.12 2.45- 3.2068 2.32 2.34 2.19- 2.5740 2.20 2.22 2.05- 2.52

151 2.92 2.86 2.39- 3.4674 3.40 3.43 2.98- 3.7377 2.46 2.47 2.17- 2.8230 2.57 2.65 2.28- 2.8345 2.42 2.28 2.13- 2.83

95 3.79 3.49 3.22- 4.0883 3.90 3.69 3.29- 4.09

107 3.81 3.74 3.19- 4.2395 3.85 3.74 3.44- 4.27

1,990 2.99 2.82 2.30- 3.88562 3.11 3.14 2.44- 3.93

1,428 2.94 2.81 2.19- 3.82611 3.55 2.88 2.83- 4.83533 2.36 2.22 1.78- 2.58156 2.21 2.19 1.76- 2.35

N u m ber o f w o rk e r s re c e iv in g s tra ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in gs of—* » » * $ $ $ $ 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30

s $ $2.40 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 A.80 5.00

and 1.60 under

.70 1.80 1.90 2 00 2. 10 2 .20 2 .30 2 .40 2.60 2 .80 3 .00 3 20 3 40 3 .60 3 CO O >

oo 20 4 40 4 60 4 80 5 .00 aver

341 93 17 8 18 18 6 4 10 ii 45 67 60 14 436 3 - 3 12 8 - - 6 27 17 30 14 43 - - - - - - -

335 90 17 5 6 10 6 4 10 5 18 50 30

- - - - 3 - - - - - 16 17 26 14 43 - - - - - - -

6 3 - 3 9 8 - - - 6 11 - 4

610 81 68 51 84 50 99 25 119 24 124 32 27 10 2 7 _ _ _ _ _ _16 - ii - 35 19 64 15 8? 16 109 26 23 8 - 7 - - - - - -

594 81 6 7 51 49 31 35 10 37 8 15 6 4 2 2 - _ - - - - -1 12 2 4 13 3 5 4 13 - 15 5 4 2 2 _ - _ - - - -7 9 1 3 9 - 6 - “ 2 - - _ _ - - - - - - - -

121 21 11 16 12 10 7 - 9 ? - 131 13 21 20 10 16 15 3 6 ? “

89 173 15 72 90 238 126 144 2 90 m 75 43 62 132 3 38 7 _ 7 _ 25 4- - 3 63 38 161 75 18 247 98 69 35 52 52 - 34 6 - 7 - - 4

89 173 12 9 52 77 51 126 43 13 6 3 10 80 3 4 i - - - 25 -8 24 8 - - - 5 122 9 - 5 - 4 78 2 - - - - - 25 -

32 144 2 3 52 52 35 3 26 11 - Ik 3 2 1 4 i - - - - -49 5 2 6 - 25 11 \ 8 2 1 4 3

28 114 1 7 19 4 83 33 12 22 61 6 3 _ _ 19 5 _ _ - - 2- - - - “ - - 24 9 - ‘5 3 - - 19 5 - - - - 2

28 114 1 7 19 4 83 9 3 22 61 328 108 1 fc 5 4 60 4 3 14 8 3

4 2 - 2 5 5 3 3 4 25 12 9 81 22 16 _ _ _ 3 6 _ _ 94 2 - 2 5 5 15 4 19 12 - - - - - - - - - - - -4 2 ? r' 5 11 “ ii ~ " - - - - - - - -

- 2 6 3 2 u 13 i 4 24 28 7 10 16 12 2 1 3 6 _ _ _- - - - i - - - 1 8 ii 6 9 15 12 1 1 3 fc - - -- 2 6 1 u 13 i 3 16 17 i i 1 - 1 - - - - - -- - i - - 3 5 - - 12 9 -- - 5 3 i 8 8 i 3 4 3 i i 1 - 1 - - - - - -

3 3 16 25 3 4 7 15 4 4 - -i 1 9 25 2 4 7 15 4 4 * - ii

- - - - - - - 5 7 1 8 6 - 23 10 12 7 6 _ - _ **22” “ “ “ ~ 5 3 “ 8 3 - 23 9 11 6 3 - 22

58 185 15 13 55 86 69 76 295 71 320 15 46 33 47 3 30 36 4 _ _ 216 _16 - - - 23 11 5 55 94 42 29 11 43 19 12 194 8 - - - - -42 185 15 13 32 75 84 21 201 29 291 4 3 14 35 136 28 4 - - 216 -

84 - 27 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 - - - - 216 -1 163 11 9 21 51 57 106 2 8 19 3 - 7 1 29 27 - - - - -

31 15 4 4 9 17 27 21 11 L “ i 5 2 3 1 4 ~

* Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $5.40 to $ 5.60; and 7 at $5.80 to $6.** All workers were at $5.20 to $5.40.



14

T a b le A -5 . C us tod ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s -----C on tinu ed

(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Birmingham, A la., March 1971)


M E N - C O N T I N U E D

T R U C K D R I V E R S - C O N T I N U E D

TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT (UNDER1-1/2 TONS) ------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

W H O L E S A L E T R A D E --------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------

TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM (1-1/2 TOAND INCLUDING A TONS) -----------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ----------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------

TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,T R A I L E R T Y P E ) --------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -------------------W H O L E S A L E T R A D E --------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S , H E A V Y ( O V E R 4 T O N S , O T H E R T H A N T R A I L E R T Y P E ) ----------

TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) ---------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------

W H O L E S A L E T R A D E --------------------

W O M E N

JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS ---MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

RETAIL TRADE --------------------FINANCE --------------------------

Hourly earnings Number o f w orkers receiving straight-tim e hourly earnings of—

Number $ $ S $ S $ $ * $ $ $ $ $ t t t * $ % $ $ s1 .60 1 .70 1 .80 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 10 2.2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .6 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .40 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0

workers Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 $ and and1.60 under1 .70 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .10 2 ■ 20 2 .30 2 .4 0 2 .6 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .60 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 over

$ $ $ $200 2 .3 4 2 .2 6 2 .0 0 - 2 .6 6 32 15 3 10 33 13 13 15 28 14 8 10 - - 6 - - - - - -

51 2 .5 2 2 .53 2 .1 6 - 3 .1 3 - 8 ~ - 8 ~ 6 12 - 7 10149 2 .2 7 2 .1 9 1 .7 9 - 2 .6 4 24 15 - 3 10 25 13 7 3 28 14 1 - - - 6 - - - - - -

72 2 .5 0 2 .62 2 .1 8 - 2 .6 9 ~ 1 - 3 6 11 6 - 3 28 14 -54 1 .89 1 .76 1 .6 6 - 2 .2 2 23 8 “ 2 7 7 7

1 ,197 2 .8 9 2 .8 3 2 .2 5 - 3 .7 9 _ 18 170 15 _ 27 41 56 61 120 1 306 4 34 26 21 208 1 i 87265 3 .2 1 3 .33 2 .3 8 - 3 .94 - - ~ - 23 3 5 47 - - 29 4 31 13 2 108 - - - - _ _932 2 .8 0 2 .81 2 .1 7 - 2 .9 0 - 18 170 15 - 4 38 51 14 120 1 277 - 3 13 19 100 1 i _ - 87 _331 2 .0 5 1 .83 1 .7 5 - 2 .3 0 - - 163 11 - 3 28 45 - 68 - 5 - - 7 1 - - - _ _ _ _

66 2 .3 6 2 .2 6 1 .8 4 - 2 .41 “ 8 7 4 “ 1 10 6 14 3 1 1 4 2 3 1 i -

313 3 .4 3 3 .71 2 .4 8 - 4 .1 9 _ 8 _ _ _ 2 12 12 _ 88 24 _ 3 1 2 20 30 35 _ 7665 2 .7 4 2 .6 4 2 .4 5 - 2 .7 9 - 8 - - - - 18 24 - - 1 2 4 - 8 - - _ - _

248 3 .61 3 .91 2 .5 0 - 4 .8 2 ~ - - - 2 12 12 - 70 - - 3 - - 16 30 27 - - - 76 _128 4 .0 3 4 .8 2 2 .4 9 - 4 .8 6 35 - - - ~ - 16 i - - - - 76 -112 3 .2 3 3 .45 2 .5 3 - 4 .0 0 — “ “ — 12 6 35 ~ 3 ” ~ “ 29 27 * - -

130 2 .4 0 2 .44 2 .2 8 - 2 .4 9 - - - 10 16 - 8 2 72 18 - - - 3 i - - - - - -

672 2 .8 1 2 .39 2 .2 6 - 3 .2 3 - 4 14 8 b 23 69 76 154 8 16 62 51 60 2 28 24 7 23 3 9 23 _593 2 .8 0 2 .39 2 .2 7 - 3 .2 4 - 8 8 8 15 66 65 145 - 14 52 51 60 1 28 22 7 23 3 9 8 _

79 2 .8 2 2 .3 9 2 .1 7 - 2 .8 9 - 4 6 - - 8 3 11 9 8 2 10 - - 1 - 2 - - - _ 15 _32 2 .2 7 2 .2 5 2 .1 1 - 2 .53 8 3 11 8 2

480 1 .73 1.67 1 .6 3 - 1 .80 28 319 14 28 10 21 22 29 i 2 636 2 .2 6 2 .06 1 .7 5 - 2 .2 8 - 9 - - 1 14 3 1 - - 2 - - - - _ 6 _ _ _ _ _

444 1 .68 1 .66 1 .6 3 - 1 .70 28 310 14 28 9 7 19 28 i87 1 .64 1.66 1 .6 3 - 1 .69 - 70 6 1172 1 .86 1 .84 1 .6 8 - 2 .1 2 22 8 17 3 1 17 3 i



1 5

B. Establ ishment

Table B-1. Minimum

practices and supplementary w a g e provisionsentrance salaries for women office workers

(Distribution of establishments studied in all industries and in industry divisions by minimum entrance salary for selected categories of inexperienced women office w orkers, Birmingham, A la., March 1971)

M inim um w eekly stra ig h t-tim e s a la r y 4

Inexperienced typists Other in experien ced c le r ic a l w orkers 5

A llindustries

Ma nuf a c tu r i ng Nonm anufacturing

A llin du stries

M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing

B ased on standard weekly hours 6 of— B ased on standard w eekly h o u rs6 of—

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

E sta blish m en ts studied_______________________________________ 164 52 XXX 112 XXX 164 52 XXX 112 XXX

E sta blish m en ts having a sp ecified m in im u m _________________ 33 11 11 22 14 64 16 16 48 34

$ 5 7 .5 0 and under $ 6 0 .0 0 _______________________________________ 1 _ _ 1 _ i _ _ 1 _$ 6 0 .0 0 and under $ 62.50__ ----------------------------------------------------- 2 - - 2 - 4 - - 4 -$ 6 2 .5 0 and under $ 6 5 .0 0 ______________________________________ 4 - - 4 3 14 1 1 13 11$ 6 5 .0 0 and under $ 6 7.50_ ------------------------------------------------------ - - - - - 1 - - 1 1$ 6 7 .5 0 and under $ 7 0 .0 0 ----------------------------------------------------------- 6 - - 6 6 9 - - 9 8$ 7 0 .0 0 and under $ 7 2 .5 0 _______________________________________ 2 - - 2 1 4 - - 4 4$ 7 2 .5 0 and under $ 7 5 .0 0 ________________________ ____________ 2 1 1 1 - 6 3 3 3 1$ 75 .00 and under $ 7 7 .5 0 ------------- ----------------------------------------- 3 2 2 1 - 3 1 1 2 1$ 7 7 .5 0 and under $ 8 0 .0 0 _______________________________________ 3 - - 3 2 4 1 1 3 2$ 8 0 .0 0 and under $ 8 2 .5 0 _______________________________________ 4 4 4 - - 4 3 3 1 1$ 8 2 .5 0 and under $ 8 5 .0 0 ___________________ ____________________ 2 2 2 - - 5 3 3 2 2$ 8 5 .0 0 and under $ 8 7 .5 0 __________ _________________________ 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 - -

$ 87 .50 and under $ 9 0 .0 0 ------- ------------------------------------ --------- 1 - - 1 1 1 1 1 - -

$ 90 .0 0 and under $ 9 2 .5 0 —- --------------------------- -------------------- - - - - - 2 - - 2 -

$ 9 2 .5 0 and under $ 9 5 .0 0 _______________________________________ - - - - - - - - - -$ 9 5 .0 0 and under $ 9 7 .5 0 — _ _ ----- --- — ----- ----------- -------------- - - - - - - - - - -$ 9 7 .5 0 and under $ 1 0 0 .0 0 _____________________________________ - - - - - 1 - - 1 1$ 100 .00 and under $ 102 .50 --------- -------------- --- ----- - - - - - 1 - - 1 1$ 102 .50 and under $ 1 0 5 .00 ------------------------------------------------------ 1 - - 1 1 - - - - -$ 105 .00 and ov e r________________________________________________ 1 1 1 - - 3 2 2 1 1

E sta blish m en ts having no sp ecified m in im u m -------- ---------- 14 10 XXX 4 XXX 28 14 XXX 14 XXX

E sta blish m en ts which did not em ploy w ork ersin th is category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117 31 XXX 86 XXX 72 22 XXX 50 XXX



16

Table B-2. Shift differentials

(L ate -sh ift pay p rov isions fo r manufacturing plant w orkers by type and amount o f pay d ifferential, Birm ingham , A la ., M arch 1971)

(A ll plant w orkers in m anufacturing = 100 percent)P ercent o f manufacturing plant w ork ers----

L ate-sh ift pay provisionIn establishm ents having provisions 7

for late shifts A ctually working on late shifts

Second shift Third or other shift Second shift Third or other

shift

T o t a l ------------------------------------------------- ---------- 91. 5 80. 6 19. 8 7 .9

No pay d ifferentia l fo r work on late sh ift------— 11. 3 2. 3 2. 5 0. 5

Pay d ifferentia l fo r work on late shift -------------- 80. 1 78. 3 17.4 7 .4

Type and amount o f d ifferential:

Uniform cents (per h ou r). --------------------- 77. 2 68. 1 17. 0 6. 9

2 cents - - -------------------------------------- . 7 - (8)4 cents _ — ------------------------------------------ 2. 0 . 7 .4 (8)5 cents ------ - ------------------------- 1. 5 2. 7 . 3 . 85V2 ce n ts ----------- --------------- ----------- 2. 5 . . 2 -

6 cents - - ---------------------------------------------- 3. 5 2. 0 1.0 . 27 ce n ts ---- -------- — - — - ------ ------ --- 3. 5 1. 5 . 6 -7V2 cents - - - - - ---- 1. 5 - . 3 -8 cents ------- - - ------------------------------- 14. 8 - 3. 5 -9 cents — - ------------ - -------- --------- 2. 4 3. 5 . 6 -

10 cen ts .. — -- - -- -- ----------— -- -- -- 33. 9 5. 2 7. 9 . 111 cents - - — - ....................... ... — -- ---- - 2. 2 - (8)12 cents _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ — _ _ 8. 3 13. 3 1. 7 1. 114 cents 1. 2 3. 2 . 1 . 115 cents . - — - - - — -- ---- - 1. 3 31.6 . 4 4. 416 c e n t s ---- -------------- . — -------- ------- -- - 1. 3 - (8 )20 cents___ -- — - ----- — ------- - . 9 - . 1

F orm al paid lunch period- --------------------- 3. 0 1. 8 . 4 . 2

F ull d ay 's pay fo r reduced hours - ------ - 3. 1 - (8)

Full day* s pay for reduced hoursplus cents d ifferen tia l— ____ - -------- 5. 4 . 2



17

T ab le B -3 . Scheduled w eek ly hours

(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours of first-shift workers, Birmingham, Ala., March 1971)

Weekly hoursPlant workers Office workers

Allindustries

Manufacturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade

Allindustries

Manufacturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade F inane e

All workers------------------------------- ------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

35 hours______________________________________ 1 9 1 (9 ) 83 5 V4 hours__ ___ _________________ _________ - - - - - 2 - - _ 63 7 V2 hours------------------------------------------------------- 4 3 - - 11 10 1 38 3 17 6Over 3 7 V2 and under 38% hours_______________ - - _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 638 % hours------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - 2 - - - _ 740 hours______________________________________ 86 96 89 91 56 82 99 62 96 66 76Over 40 and under 44 hours___________________ 1 - 6 - 4 1 - _ _ 6 _44 hours_____________________________________ 4 1 - - 16 (9) _ _ _ 2 _45 hours________________________________ ______ 1 (9) - 5 5 C ) _ _ 2 1 _48 hours______________________________________ 1 5 - _ _ _ _ _ _49 hours______________________________________ (’ ) 5

See footnote at end of tables.


18

T a b le B -4 . P a id ho lid ays

(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Birmingham, A la ., March 1971)

ItemPlant workers Office workers

Allindustrie s

Manufacturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade

Allindustries

Manufacturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade Finance

All w orkers_____ _____ _____ ________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W orkers in establishments providingpaid holidays___________________________________ 96 99 100 95 93 99 99 100 100 100 100

W orkers in establishments providingno paid holidays------------------------------------------------- 4 1 - 5 7 (9 ) (9 ) - - - -

Number of days

1 holiday_________________________________________ (9 ) _ _ - 3 (9 ) - _ _ 2 _2 holidays _____________________ __________ ____ 1 - 5 - 3 - - - - - -4 holidays____________________________________ 1 1 - - - n (9 ) - - - 15 holidays ________________ ______________ ___ 19 9 12 38 50 35 13 4 28 59 565 holidays plus 1 half day____________ _________ 1 - - 4 1 2 - 9 6 2 -6 holidays___ — ______________________ ____ 15 14 4 31 20 9 9 - 38 16 46 holidays plus 1 half day_______________________ 1 1 2 - - 2 - 2 - - 67 holidays________________________________________ 7 6 6 - 11 11 3 9 - 4 257 holidays plus 1 or 4 half d a y s ____ _ _ _ ___ _ (9 ) - 6 - - 1 - - - - 28 holidays_______________________________________ 42 54 62 19 6 33 58 76 20 17 59 holidays________________________________________ 9 14 3 5 - 5 17 1 9 - _10 holidays— ___________________________________ - - - - - (9 ) - - _ _ 112 holidays- ___ ______________________________ - - - - - 1 - - - - 2

T otal holiday tim e 10

12 days - - ____ ___________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ . 210 days or m ore______________________ _ _____ - - - - - 1 - - - _ 39 days or m o re — _____ ___ _______ _________ 9 14 3 5 - 6 17 1 9 _ 38 days or m o re _____________________ ________ _ 51 68 65 23 6 39 75 76 29 17 77V2 days or m o re — _________ ________ ________ 51 68 71 23 16 40 75 76 29 17 97 days or m o re __________________________________ 58 75 77 23 16 51 77 85 29 20 346V2 days or m ore _ __________________ 59 75 79 23 16 54 77 87 29 20 406 days or m o re __________________________ _____ 74 89 82 54 36 62 87 87 66 37 435V2 days or m o re ____ _______ ___________ _ 75 89 82 58 37 64 87 96 72 38 435 days or m o re __________________________________ 93 98 95 95 87 98 98 100 100 98 994 days or m o re __________________________________ 95 99 95 95 87 98 99 100 100 98 1002 days or m o re __________________________________ 95 99 100 95 90 98 99 100 100 98 1001 day or m ore____________________________________ 96 99 100 95 93 99 99 100 100 100 100



19

T a b le B -5 . P a id v a c a tio n s

(P ercent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Birmingham, A la ., March 1971)

Plant workers Office workersVacation policy All

industriesManu

facturingPublic

utilitiesWholesale

tradeRetailtrade

Allindustries

Manufacturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade F inane e

All w orkers---------------------------------- ---------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Method of payment

W orkers in establishments providingpaid vacations---------------------------------------------------- 99 100 100 95 100 99 100 100 100 100 100

Length-of-tim e payment ------------------------------- 97 99 95 95 95 99 100 100 100 98 100Percentage payment- - - --------- 1 1 - - - - - - - - -Othe r --------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 5 - 5 (9) - - - 2 -

W orkers in establishments providingno paid vacations----------------------------------------------- 1 " “ 5 “ (9) - - - -

Amount of vacation pav 11

A fter 6 months of service

Under 1 week------------------------------------------------------- 8 9 6 6 10 8 10 _ 17 21 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 15 30 11 13 48 56 52 21 14 65Over 1 and under 2 w eeks______________________ - - - _ - 5 2 (’ ) - - 132 w eeks------------ -------------- - ------------------------ - - - - - 1 6 - - -

A fter 1 year of service

Under 1 week----------------------------------------- __ ------- 1 _ 6 _ _1 w e e k ------------ ----------------- ------------------ - 83 89 74 75 77 34 21 69 64 81Over 1 and under 2 w eeks-------- -------- -------- --- 3 5 - - - 1 4 . . - _2 w eeks----------------------------------------------------------------- 11 6 26 21 17 64 71 31 36 19 99Over 2 and under 3 w eeks---------------------------------- • - - - - i 2 . . - .3 w eeks_______ _______ ___________ ____ _______ - - - - " i 2 - - 1

After 2 years of service

1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------------ 65 81 28 41 43 10 18 5 20 21 _Over 1 and under 2 weeks ---------------------- - - 2 4 - - (9) - - . 4 -2 w eeks----------------------------------------- — --------------- 27 7 72 55 57 88 73 95 80 75 99Over 2 and under 3 w eeks---------------------------------- 3 5 - . - 1 6 . .3 w eeks----------------------------------------------- ------------- 2 3 - - " 1 3 - - - 1


1 w eek ___________ ____________________ ______ 20 17 11 25 29 4 6 1 12 13 .Over 1 and under 2 w eeks________ -- - ------ __ 2 3 . - . - - - , -2 weeks - - ---------------------— _ _____ 71 69 86 70 71 93 84 99 88 87 99Over 2 and under 3 weeks-- ----------------------- ------ 4 7 . - 1 6 _ _ _ _3 weeks -------------------------------- - __________ 3 4 3 - - 1 5 - - - 1


1 week _______ _ _______ _ _ ________________ 19 17 11 25 29 4 6 1 12 13 .Over 1 and under 2 w eeks______________________ 2 3 - . _ - _ _2 weeks ___ __________ _ ____________ _ ___ 71 69 86 70 71 93 84 99 88 87 99Over 2 and under 3 w eeks---- -------------------- ------- 4 7 _ - 1 6 _3 w eeks________ ____ _ _______ _ __ _ _______ 3 4 3 1 5 1

See footnotes at end o f table.


T ab le B -5 . Paid vacations-----Continued

(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Birmingham, Ala., March 1971)

Plant worker s Office workersVacation policy All

industriesManu

facturingPublic

utilitiesWholesale

tradeRetailtrade

Allindustries

Manu - facturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade Finance

Amount of vacation pay11— Continued


1 week------------------------------------------------------------- 8 6 _ 22 2 4 1 .. 5 _

2 weeks----- --------- --------------------------------------------- 80 81 95 93 62 88 81 98 96 86 86Over 2 and under 3 weeks-------------------------------- 3 5 - - - 5 6 - - - 93 weeks ------ ------------------------------------------------------ 8 7 5 3 17 5 7 2 4 9 44 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ " “ ~ " (9) 1 ' " “


1 week________________________________________ 8 6 _ _ 22 2 4 1 5 .2 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 22 18 18 51 24 38 16 19 60 37 56Over 2 and under 3 weeks-------------------------------- 4 5 - - - 3 4 - - - 63 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 63 68 79 42 51 55 72 80 37 58 39Over 3 and under 4 weeks-------------------------------- - - - - - 1 2 - - - -4 weeks--------------------- -------------------------------------- 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 - 4 . -Over 4 and under 5 weeks..------ ----------------------- “ " " " " (9) 1 " " "


1 week------------------------------------------------------------- 8 6 _ 22 2 4 1 . 52 weeks------------------------- ---------------------------------- 20 15 10 51 24 32 13 16 60 37 41Over 2 and under 3 weeks-------------------------- ----- 1 . 6 - . 2 1 - _ _ 63 weeks-------------------------------- ---------------------------- 63 69 81 42 51 61 73 84 37 58 54Over 3 and under 4 weeks-------------------------------- 4 7 - - - 2 7 - . - _4 weeks ------------------------ -------------------------------- 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 . 4 - _Over 4 and under 5 weeks-------------------------------- - ' - " (9) 1 - - -


1 week------------------------------------------- ----------------- 8 6 . . 22 2 4 1 52 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 15 9 10 42 24 24 9 10 34 37 27Over 2 and under 3 weeks-------------------------------- ( 9 ) - 6 - - - - - _ - „3 weeks_______________________________________ 64 72 64 42 45 65 59 88 55 56 71Over 3 and under 4 weeks-------------------------------- 5 8 . - 3 11 - - _ 24 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 6 3 21 11 8 6 16 2 11 2Over 4 and under 5 weeks............— ----- ------------ - . - - - (9) 1 - . _ _5 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 1 2 “ - - - -


1 week________________________________________ 8 6 _ 22 2 4 1 52 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 12 5 10 34 24 23 8 10 25 37 273 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 40 50 10 35 20 31 17 11 44 21 554 weeks_______________________________________ 37 36 80 23 34 43 66 78 27 36 18Over 4 and under 5 weeks_____________________ 1 1 _ - . 1 3 _5 weeks---------------------------------------- ----------------- ( ’ )

1_ _ 3 • 1 1 4 _ _

6 weeks_______________________________________ 2

See footnotes at end of table.


21

T ab le B -5 . Paid vacations-----Continued

(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Birmingham, Ala., March 1971)

Plant workers Office workersVacation policy All

industriesManu

facturingPublic

utilitiesWholesale

tradeRetailtrade

Allindustries

Manufacturing

Publicutilities

Wholesaletrade

Retailtrade Finance

Amount of vacation pay11— Continued


1 week------------------------------------------------------------- 8 6 _ 22 2 4 i _ 5 .2 weeks---------------------------------------- --------------- — 12 5 10 26 24 23 8 10 21 37 273 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 20 18 4 42 20 24 16 5 48 21 404 weeks------------------------------------------ ----------------- 45 51 62 20 34 38 49 46 24 36 31Over 4 and under 5 weeks-------------------------------- _ - - - - 1 3 _ „ 25 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 13 16 24 9 - 11 19 38 6 -Over 5 and under 6 weeks--- ------- ---- ----- 1 1 _ _ . - - _6 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 1 2 - - - - - - - - -


1 week----------------------------------------- ------ --------- 8 6 _ _ 22 2 4 1 _ 52 weeks----------------------------------- -------------------- .. 12 5 10 26 24 23 8 10 21 37 273 weeks -------- ------------ ----------------- ------- ------- 20 18 4 42 20 20 16 5 48 21 264 weeks-------------------------------------------------------- 44 51 53 11 34 39 49 40 17 36 38Over 4 and under 5 weeks. __ . _____ _ - • . - 1 3 - _5 weeks________________ _______ __________ 14 16 33 17 - 16 19 44 14 _ 8Over 5 and under 6 weeks------------------------------- 1 1 - - . _ . _ _Over 6 weeks------------------------------------------------- 1 2 - - - - - - - - -

Maximum vacation available

1 week__________________ _____________________ 8 6 22 2 4 1 _ 52 weeks------------------------------------------------------------ 12 5 10 26 24 23 8 10 21 37 273 weeks---------------------------------------------------- __ __ 20 18 4 42 20 20 16 5 48 21 264 weeks-------------- ------------------- ------------------- -- 43 51 49 11 34 39 49 40 17 36 37Over 4 and under 5 weeks_________________ ___ - . - - 1 3 « _ _5 weeks____________________ __________________ 15 16 37 17 - 16 19 44 14 _ 8Over 5 and under 6 w eeks- ------------- ----------- 1 1 - - _ _ _ - _ _ _Over 6 weeks— ------ ------------------------------------ ___ 1 2 (») 2

See footnotes at end of tables,


22

T a b le B -6 . H e a l th , in su ran ce , and p ens io n p lans

(Percent of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, Birmingham, Ala., March 1971)

T yp e o f b e n e fit and fin a n cin g 12

P lant w o r k e r s O ffic e vro rk e rs

A llin d u str ie s

M anufa ctu r in g

P u b licu t ilit ie s

W h o le sa letra d e

R e ta iltra d e

A llin d u str ie s

M anufa ctu r in g

P u b licu t ilit ie s

W h o le sa letra d e

R e ta iltra de F in a n ce

A ll w o r k e r s __________ _______________________ _ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g atle a s t 1 o f the b e n e fits show n b e lo w ------------------- 94 96 100 86 94 99 99 100 92 99 100

L ife in s u r a n c e ------------------------------------------------------ 90 96 95 78 76 96 99 99 88 92 94N on co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ______________________ 68 83 77 35 28 60 91 83 34 28 50

A c c id e n ta l death and d ism e m b e rm e n tin su ra n ce — ____ ________________________________ 55 53 69 66 54 50 49 66 63 58 46

N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ________ _ - -------- 59 44 56 30 21 31 41 58 24 22 22S ick n e s s and a cc id e n t in su ra n ce o r

s ick le a v e o r both 13___________________________ 78 87 68 48 69 76 77 85 61 75 89

S ick n e s s and a cc id e n t in su ra n ce ---------------- 65 85 22 31 38 31 70 6 36 28 17N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s __________________ 54 76 10 22 17 23 66 5 19 8 6

S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and now aiting p e r io d )__________________________ — 15 12 14 30 24 53 51 42 48 26 83

S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay o rw aitin g p e r io d )______________________________ 6 2 39 - 12 10 2 39 9 25 1

H o s p ita liza tio n in su ra n ce __ _ ________ ___ 88 92 100 82 81 88 95 100 86 90 85N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ______________________ 61 77 59 38 21 45 83 60 30 7 34

S u rg ica l in su ra n ce - _________________ ________ 88 92 100 82 81 88 95 100 86 90 85N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s __________ _ _____ 61 77 59 38 21 45 83 60 30 7 34

M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e _______________________________ 64 60 98 82 64 81 88 98 86 62 80N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ______ ______________ 40 47 57 38 19 43 77 58 30 6 34

M a jo r m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e __________ ____ ____ 66 64 89 82 65 89 82 97 86 75 94N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ______________________ 44 53 46 38 19 49 67 57 30 6 48

D ental in s u r a n c e _________________________________ 1 - 5 - 2 (’ ) - 1 - 2 _

N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ______________________ (9 ) - 5 - - (9 ) - 1 - - -

R e tire m e n t p en sion ______________________________ 68 78 65 48 50 76 79 74 59 51 85N o n co n tr ib u to ry p la n s ____________ ________ 59 71 61 37 34 64 71 74 36 27 71



23

Footnotes

A l l o f t h e s e s t a n d a r d f o o t n o t e s m a y n o t a p p l y t o t h i s b u l l e t i n .

1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u la r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u la r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .

2 T h e m e a n is c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y to ta l in g the e a r n in g s o f a l l w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s p o s i t io n — h a l f o f the e m p l o y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e than the ra te show n ; h a l f r e c e i v e l e s s than the ra te show n. T h e m i d d le ra n g e is d e f in e d b y 2 r a te s o f p a y ; a f o u r th o f the w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s than the l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s and a f o u r t h e a r n m o r e than the h ig h e r rate .

3 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and late sh if ts .4 T h e s e s a l a r i e s r e la t e to f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d m i n im u m s ta r t in g (h ir in g ) r e g u la r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s that a r e pa id f o r s ta n d a rd

w o r k w e e k s .5 E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s su ch as m e s s e n g e r o r o f f i c e g ir l .6 Data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s ta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n s ta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d .7 In c lu d e s a l l p lant w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t in g late s h i f t s , and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h o s e f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r late

s h i f t s , ev e n though the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e not c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t in g la te sh i f ts .8 L e s s than 0 .05 p e r c e n t .9 L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t .10 A l l c o m b i n a t i o n s o f fu l l and h a l f d a ys that add to the s a m e a m ou n t a r e c o m b i n e d ; f o r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a to ta l

o f 9 d ays in c lu d e s t h o s e w ith 9 fu l l d ays and no h a l f d a y s , 8 fu l l d a ys and 2 h a l f d a y s , 7 fu l l d a y s and 4 h a l f d a y s , and so on. P r o p o r t i o n s then w e r e cu m u la te d .

11 In c lu d e s p a y m e n t s o th e r than " l e n g t h o f t i m e , " s u ch as p e r c e n t a g e o f annual e a r n in g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d to an eq u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e c h o s e n a r b i t r a r i l y and do not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t the in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p le , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s in d ic a t e d at 1 0 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e in c lu d e ch a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 and 10 y e a r s . E s t i m a t e s a r e c u m u la t iv e . T h u s , the p r o p o r t i o n e l i g ib l e f o r 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r 10 y e a r s in c lu d e s th o s e e l i g ib l e f o r 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .

12 E s t im a t e s l i s t e d a f t e r type o f b e n e f i t a r e f o r a l l p la n s f o r w h i c h at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p l o y e r . " N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p la n s " in c lu d e o n ly th o s e p lan s f in a n c e d e n t i r e ly b y the e m p l o y e r . E x c l u d e d a r e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p la n s , s u ch as w o r k m e n ' s c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .

13 U n d u p l ica te d to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e sh ow n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w . S ic k le a v e p lan s a r e l im i t e d to t h o s e w h i c h d e f in i t e ly e s t a b l i s h at l e a s t the m i n im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p ay that ca n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . I n fo r m a l s i c k le a v e a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m i n e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s i s a r e e x c lu d e d .


A p p e n d i x . O c c u p a t i o n a l D e s c r ip t i o n s

The prim ary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea com parability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field econom ists are instructed to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-tim e, tem porary, and probationary workers.

O F F I C E

BILLER, MACHINE

P repares statements, b ills , and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or e lectro - m atic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other cle r ica l work incidental to billing operations. F or wage study purposes, b ille rs , machine, are classified by type of machine, as follow s:

B iller, machine (billing m achine). Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, E lliott F isher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from custom ers' purchase orders, internally prepared ord ers, shipping m em orandums, etc. Usually involves application of predeterm ined discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

B iller, machine (bookkeeping m achine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott F isher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers' b ills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on custom ers' ledger record . The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number o f vertica l columns and com putes, and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E lliott F isher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash R egister, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.

Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.

Class B . Keeps a record of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, custom ers' accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing described under b iller , machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

CLERK, ACCOUNTINGP erform s one or m ore accounting cle r ica l tasks such as posting to registers and ledgers;

reconciling bank accounts; verifying the internal consistency, com pleteness, and mathematical accuracy of accounting documents; assigning prescribed accounting distribution codes; examining and verifying for cle r ica l accuracy various types of reports, lists , calculations, posting, etc.; or preparing simple or assisting in preparing m ore com plicated journal vouchers. May work in either a manual or automated accounting system.

The work requires a knowledge of c le r ica l methods and office practices and procedures which relates to the c le r ica l processing and recording of transactions and accounting information. With experience, the worker typically becom es fam iliar with the bookkeeping and accounting term s and procedures used in the assigned work, but is not required to have a knowledge of the form al principles of bookkeeping and accounting.

CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued

Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.

Class A . Under general supervision, perform s accounting cle r ica l operations which require the application of experience and judgment, for example, c le r ica lly processing com plicated or nonrepetitive accounting transactions, selecting among a substantial variety of p rescribed accounting codes and classifications, or tracing transactions through previous accounting actions to determine source of d iscrepancies. May be assisted by one or m ore class B accounting clerks.

Class B . Under c lose supervision, following detailed instructions and standardized p ro cedures, perform s one or m ore routine accounting c le r ica l operations, such as posting to ledgers, cards, or worksheets where identification of item s and locations of postings are clearly indicated; checking accuracy and com pleteness of standardized and repetitive records or accounting documents; and coding documents using a few prescribed accounting codes.

CLERK, FILE

Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files , c lass ifies and indexes file m aterial such as correspondence, reports, technical docum ents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction with the files. May lead a sm all group of lower level file clerks.

Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified m aterial by finer subheadings. P repares sim ple related index and cro ss -re fe re n ce aids. As requested, locates clearly identified m aterial in files and forwards m aterial. May perform related c le r ica l tasks required to maintain and service files.

Class C . P erform s routine filing of m aterial that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a sim ple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or num erical). As requested, locates readily available m aterial in file s and forw ards m ateria l; and m ay fill out withdrawal charge. P erform s sim ple c le r ica l and manual tasks re quired to maintain and service files.

CLERK, ORDER

R eceives custom ers' orders for m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the follow ing: Quoting p rices to custom ers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking p rices and quantities of item s on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of custom er, acknowledge receipt o f orders from custom ers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled , keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL

Computes wages of company em ployees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers ' earnings based on time or production record s; land posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w ork er 's name, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paym aster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

NOTE: Since the last survey in this area, the Bureau has discontinued collecting data for o ilers and plum bers.

25Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

26

C O M P T O M E T E R O P E R A T O R

P r i m a r y d u ty is to o p e r a t e a C o m p t o m e t e r to p e r f o r m m a th e m a t ic a l c o m p u t a t io n s . T h is jo b is n o t to b e c o n fu s e d w ith that o f s t a t is t i c a l o r o t h e r ty p e o f c l e r k , w h ic h m a y in v o lv e f r e qu en t u s e o f a C o m p to m e t e r b u t, in w h ic h , u s e o f th is m a c h in e is in c id e n t a l t o p e r f o r m a n c e o f o t h e r d u tie s .

K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R

O p e r a t e s a k e y p u n ch m a c h in e to r e c o r d o r v e r i f y a lp h a b e t ic a n d /o r n u m e r i c d a ta on ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r on ta p e .

P o s i t i o n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to le v e l s on th e b a s is o f th e fo l lo w in g d e f in i t io n s .

C la s s A . W o r k r e q u i r e s th e a p p l ic a t io n o f e x p e r ie n c e an d ju d g m e n t in s e l e c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to b e fo l lo w e d and in s e a r c h in g f o r , in t e r p r e t in g , s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d in g i t e m s t o b e k e y p u n ch e d f r o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s . O n o c c a s i o n m a y a ls o p e r f o r m s o m e ro u t in e k e y p u n ch w o r k . M a y t r a in in e x p e r i e n c e d k e y p u n ch o p e r a t o r s .

C la s s B . W o r k is r o u t in e and r e p e t it i v e . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r f o l lo w in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c t io n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r io u s s t a n d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o d e d , and fo l lo w s s p e c i f ie d p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l an d r e q u ir e l i t t le o r n o s e l e c t in g , c o d in g , o r in te r p r e t in g o f da ta to b e r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v is o r p r o b le m s a r is in g f r o m e r r o n e o u s i t e m s o r c o d e s o r m is s in g in fo r m a t io n .

M E S S E N G E R (O f f ic e B o y o r G ir l )

P e r f o r m s v a r io u s r o u t in e d u tie s s u c h a s ru n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t in g m in o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u c h as s e a le r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g and d is t r ib u t in g m a i l , and o t h e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s it io n s that r e q u ir e o p e r a t io n o f a m o t o r v e h ic le a s a s ig n i f i c a n t du ty .

S E C R E T A R Y

A s s ig n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l ly to on e in d iv id u a l. M a in ta in s a c l o s e an d h ig h ly r e s p o n s iv e r e la t io n s h ip to th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k a c t iv i t ie s o f the s u p e r v is o r . W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n t ly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e t a i le d s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l d u t ie s , u s u a l ly in c lu d in g m o s t o f the fo l lo w in g ; (a) R e c e iv e s t e le p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and in c o m in g m a i l , a n s w e r s r o u t in e in q u i r i e s , and r o u t e s the t e c h n i c a l in q u ir ie s to th e p r o p e r p e r s o n s ; (b ) e s t a b l i s h e s , m a in t a in s , an d r e v i s e s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's f i l e s ; (c ) m a in ta in s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's c a le n d a r an d m a k e s a p p o in tm e n ts a s in s t r u c t e d ; (d) r e la y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v i s o r to s u b o r d in a t e s ; (e ) r e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d u m s , an d r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r 's s ig n a tu r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l an d t y p o g r a p h ic a c c u r a c y ; and (f) p e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic and ty p in g w o r k .

M a y a ls o p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l an d s e c r e t a r i a l t a s k s o f c o m p a r a b le n a tu re and d i f f ic u l t y . T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u i r e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f i c e r o u t in e and u n d e rs ta n d in g o f th e o r g a n iz a t io n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la t e d to th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v is o r .

E x c lu s io n s

N o t a l l p o s i t i o n s that a r e t i t le d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e a b o v e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . E x a m p le s o f p o s it i o n s w h ic h a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e d e f in it io n a r e a s f o l l o w s ; (a) P o s i t i o n s w h ic h d o n o t m e e t th e " p e r s o n a l " s e c r e t a r y c o n c e p t d e s c r i b e d a b o v e ; (b) s t e n o g r a p h e r s n o t fu l ly t r a in e d in s e c r e t a r ia l ty p e d u t ie s ; (c ) s t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v in g a s o f f i c e a s s is t a n t s to a g r o u p o f p r o f e s s i o n a l , t e c h n ic a l , o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ; (d) s e c r e t a r y p o s i t i o n s in w h ic h th e d u tie s a r e e i t h e r s u b s t a n t ia lly m o r e ro u t in e o r s u b s t a n t ia lly m o r e c o m p le x and r e s p o n s ib le than t h o s e c h a r a c t e r i z e d in the d e f in it io n ; and (e ) a s s is t a n t ty p e p o s i t i o n s w h ic h in v o lv e m o r e d i f f ic u l t o r m o r e r e s p o n s ib le t e c h n i c a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l d u tie s w h ic h a r e n o t t y p i c a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k .

N O T E ; T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in th e l e v e l d e f in i t io n s fo l lo w in g , r e f e r s to t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w h o h a v e a s ig n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e - w i d e p o l ic y m a k in g r o l e w ith r e g a r d t o m a jo r c o m p a n y a c t iv i t ie s . T h e t it le " v i c e p r e s i d e n t , " th ou g h n o r m a lly in d ic a t iv e o f th is r o l e , d o e s n o t in a l l c a s e s id e n t ify s u c h p o s i t i o n s . V i c e p r e s id e n t s w h o s e p r im a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s t o a c t p e r s o n a lly o n in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t io n s ( e .g . , a p p r o v e o r d e n y in d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t io n s ; a d m in is t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t ly s u p e r v is e a c l e r i c a l s ta ff) a r e n o t c o n s id e r e d to b e " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g the fo l lo w in g l e v e l d e f in i t io n s .

C la s s A

a. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

b . S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r than th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 000 b u t fe w e r than 2 5 , 000 p e r s o n s ; o r

c . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d ( im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w th e c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r le v e l ) o f a m a jo r s e g m e n t o r s u b s id ia r y o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 000 p e r s o n s .

S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d

C la s s B

a. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll , f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

b . S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o t h e r than the c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t fe w e r th a n 5, 000 p e r s o n s ; o r

c . S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d ( im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w th e o f f i c e r le v e l ) o v e r e it h e r ' a m a jo r c o r p o r a t e - w i d e fu n c t io n a l a c t iv i t y ( e .g . , m a r k e t in g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t i o n s , in d u s t r ia l r e l a tions"] e t c .) o r~ a m a jo r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e .g . , a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but fe w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p l o y e e s ; o r

d . S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . ( o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 000 p e r s o n s ; o r

e . S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d o f a la r g e and im p o r t a n t o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v is o r o f an o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t o fte n in v o lv in g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d re d p e r s o n s ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 000 p e r s o n s .

C la s s C

a. S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u t iv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n s ib i l i t y is n ot e q u iv a le n t t o on e o f th e s p e c i f i c l e v e l s i tu a t io n s in th e d e f in i t io n f o r c l a s s B , bu t w h o s e s u b o r d in a te s ta ff n o r m a l ly n u m b e r s at le a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p lo y e e s an d is u s u a l ly d iv id e d in to o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t s w h ic h a r e o f t e n , in tu rn , fu r t h e r s u b d iv id e d . In s o m e c o m p a n ie s , th is l e v e l in c lu d e s a w id e ra n g e o f o r g a n iz a t io n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly on e o r tw o ; o r

b . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t , f a c t o r y , e t c . ( o r o t h e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , f e w e r th a n 5, 000 p e r s o n s .

C la s s D

a. S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v is o r o r h e a d o f a s m a l l o r g a n iz a t io n a l un it ( e .g . , f e w e r than a b o u t 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; cyr

b . S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v i s o r y s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is t r a t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s is t a n t , s k i l le d t e c h n ic ia n o r e x p e r t . (N O T E ; M a n y c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r th a n s e c r e t a r i e s a s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , t o th is le v e l o f s u p e r v is o r y o r n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r . )

S T E N O G R A P H E R , G E N E R A L

P r i m a r y d u ty is to ta k e d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l r o u t in e v o c a b u la r y f r o m on e o r m o r e p e r s o n s e it h e r in sh o r th a n d o r b y S te n o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e ; and t r a n s c r i b e d ic t a t io n . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r i t te n c o p y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e la t iv e ly r o u t in e c l e r i c a l t a s k s . M a y o p e r a t e f r o m a s t e n o g r a p h ic p o o l . D o e s n o t in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h in e w o r k . (S e e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s . )

S T E N O G R A P H E R , S E N IO R

P r i m a r y d u ty is t o ta k e d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u la r y s u c h a s in le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s o n s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h f r o m on e o r m o r e p e r s o n s e it h e r in s h o r t ha n d o r b y S te n o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e ; and t r a n s c r i b e d ic t a t io n . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it te n c o p y . M a y a ls o s e t up an d m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c .

O R

P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u tie s r e q u ir in g s ig n i f i c a n t ly g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n c e and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y th a n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l a s e v id e n c e d b y th e fo l lo w in g ; W o r k r e q u i r e s h igh d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d an d a c c u r a c y ; and a t h o r o u g h w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e s and o f th e s p e c i f i c b u s in e s s o p e r a t i o n s , o r g a n iz a t io n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k f lo w , e t c . U s e s th is k n o w le d g e in p e r f o r m in g s t e n o g r a p h ic d u tie s and r e s p o n s i b le c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s , m a in ta in in g fo l lo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b lin g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d u m s , l e t t e r s , e t c . ; c o m p o s in g s im p le le t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s ; r e a d in g and ro u t in g in c o m in g m a il ; and a n s w e r in g r o u t in e q u e s t io n s , e t c . D o e s n o t in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h in e w o r k .

S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R

C la s s A . O p e r a t e s a s in g le - o r m u lt ip l e -p o s it i o n t e le p h o n e s w it c h b o a r d h a n d lin g in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , in tr a p la n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . P e r f o r m s fu l l t e le p h o n e in fo r m a t io n s e r v i c e o r h a n d le s c o m p le x c a l l s , s u c h a s c o n f e r e n c e , c o l l e c t , o v e r s e a s , o r s i m i l a r c a l l s , e i t h e r in a d d it io n to d o in g r o u t in e w o r k a s d e s c r i b e d f o r s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r , c l a s s B , o r a s a fu l l - t im e


27SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR— Continued

assignment. ( 'T u ll" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone inform ation purposes, e .g ., because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to which extensions are appropriate for calls.)

Class B . Operates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or o ffice calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform lim ited telephone information service . ("L im ited" telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understandable for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if com plex calls are referred to another operator.)

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST

In addition to perform ing duties of operator on a single-position or m onitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine c le r ica l work as part of regular duties. This typing or c le r ica l work may take the m ajor part of this w orker's time while at switchboard.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (E lectric Accounting Machine Operator)

Operates one or a variety of machines such as the tabulator, calculator, colla tor, interpreter, sorter, reproducing punch, etc. Excluded from this definition are working supervisors. A lso excluded are operators of electronic digital com puters, even though they may also operate EAM equipment.

Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.

Class A . P erform s com plete reporting and tabulating assignments including devising difficult control panel wiring under general supervision. Assignments typically involve a variety of long and com plex reports which often are irregular or nonrecurring, requiring some planning of the nature and sequencing of operations, and the use of a variety of machines. Is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations or training lower level operators in wiring from diagrams and in the operating sequences of long and com plex reports. Does not include positions in which wiring responsibility is lim ited to selection and insertion of prewired boards.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (E lectric Accounting Machine Operator)----Continued

Class B . P erform s work according to established procedures and under specific instructions. Assignments typically involve com plete but routine and recurring reports or parts of larger and m ore com plex reports. Operates m ore difficult tabulating or e lectrica l a ccounting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sim pler machines used by class C operators. May be required to do some wiring from diagram s. May train new em ployees in basic machine operations.

Class C . Under specific instructions, operates simple tabulating or e lectrica l accounting machines such as the sorter, interpreter, reproducing punch, colla tor, etc. Assignments typically involve portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or repetitive operations. May perform simple wiring from diagram s, and do some filing work.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

P rim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from transcribing-m achine records. May also type from written copy and do simple cle r ica l work. W orkers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal brie fs or reports on scientific research are not included. A w orker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, gene-al.

TYPIST

Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calcu lations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, m ats, or sim ilar m aterials for use in duplicating p rocesses. May do c le r ica l work involving little special training, such as keeping simple record s, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.

C lass A . P erform s one or m ore of the follow ing: Typing m aterial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for co rre ct spelling, syllabication, punctuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language m aterial; and planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances.

Class B . P erform s one or m ore of the follow ing; Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of form s, insurance p o lic ies , etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced properly .

P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L

COMPUTER OPERATOR

Monitors and operates the control console of a digital computer to process data according to operating instructions, usually prepared by a program er. Work includes m ost of the follow ing: Studies instructions to determine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required items (tape reels , cards, etc.); switches necessary auxiliary equipment into circu it, and starts and operates com puter; makes adjustments to computer to co rre ct operating problem s and m eet special conditions; reviews errors made during operation and determ ines cause or refers problem to supervisor or program er; and maintains operating records. May test and assist in correcting program .

F or wage study purposes, computer operators are classified as follow s:

Class A . Operates independently, or under only general d irection, a computer running program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: New program s are frequently tested and introduced; scheduling requirements are of cr itica l importance to m inim ize downtime; the program s are of com plex design so that identification of error source often requires a working knowledge of the total program , and alternate program s m ay not be available. May give direction and guidance to lower level operators.

Class B . Operates independently, or under only general d irection, a computer running program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: Most of the program s are establishedproduction runs, typically run on a regularly recurring basis; there is little or no testing of new program s required; alternate program s are provided in case original program needs m ajor change or cannot be corrected within a reasonable tim e. In com m on error situations, diagnoses cause and takes corrective action. This usually involves applying previously p ro gramed corrective steps, or using standard correction techniques.

OROperates under direct supervision a computer running program s or segments of program s

with the characteristics described for class A. May assist a higher level operator by independently perform ing less difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing difficult tasks following detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations perform ed.

COMPUTER OPERATOR— Continued

Class C . Works on routine program s under c lose supervision. Is expected to develop working knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect problem s involved in running routine program s. Usually has received some form al training in com puter operation. May assist higher level operator on com plex program s.

COMPUTER PROGRAMER, BUSINESSConverts statements of business problem s, typically prepared by a system s analyst, into

a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the problem s by automatic data processing equipment. Working from charts or diagram s, the program er develops the precise instructions which, when entered into the computer system in coded language, cause the manipulation of data to achieve desired results. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Applies knowledge of computer capabilities, mathematics, logic employed by com puters, and particular subject matter involved to analyze charts and diagrams of the problem to be program ed. Develops sequence o f program steps, writes detailed flow charts to show order in which data w ill be processed ; converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to follow ; tests and corrects program s; prepares instructions for operating personnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters program s to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains records of program development and revisions. (NOTE; W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and p ro graming should be classified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)

Does not include em ployees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or program ers prim arily concerned with scientific and /or engineering problem s.

F or wage study purposes, program ers are classified as follow s:Class A . Works independently or under only general d irection on com plex problem s which

require competence in all phases of program ing concepts and practices. Working from diagram s and charts which identify the nature of desired results, m ajor processing steps to be accom plished, and the relationships between various steps of the problem solving routine; plans the full range of programing actions needed to efficiently utilize the com puter system in achieving desired end products.


28

COMPUTER PROGRAMER, BUSINESS— Continued

At this level, program ing is difficult because computer equipment must be organized to produce several interrelated but d iverse products from numerous and diverse data elements. A wide variety and extensive number of internal processing actions must occur. This requires such actions as development of com m on operations which can be reused, establishment of linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when program requirem ents exceed computer storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements to form a highly integrated program .

May provide functional direction to lower level program ers who are assigned to assist.

Class B. Works independently or under only general d irection on relatively simple program s, or on simple segments of com plex program s. Program s (or segments) usually process information to produce data in two or three varied sequences or form ats. Reports and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arraying, or making m inor additions to or deletions from input data which are readily available. While numerous records may be processed , the data have been refined in prior actions so that the accuracy and sequencing of data can be tested by using a few routine checks. Typically, the program deals with routine record-keeping type operations.

OR

Works on com plex program s (as described for class A) under c lose direction of a higher level program er or supervisor. May assist higher level program er by independently p e r form ing less difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing m ore difficult tasks under fa irly close direction.

May guide or instruct lower level program ers.

Class C. Makes practica l applications of program ing practices and concepts usually learned in form al training cou rses. Assignments are designed to develop competence in the application of standard procedures to routine problem s. R eceives close supervision on new aspects of assignm ents; and work is reviewed to ,v e r ify its accuracy and conform ance with required procedures.

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS

Analyzes business problem s to form ulate procedures for solving them by use of electronic data processing equipment. Develops a com plete description of all specifications needed to enable program ers to prepare required digital com puter program s. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Analyzes subject-m atter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and criteria required to achieve satisfactory results; specifies number and types of record s, file s , and documents to be used; outlines actions to be perform ed by personnel and com puters in sufficient detail for presentation to management and for program ing (typically this involves preparation of work and data flow charts); coordinates the development of test problem s and participates in trial runs of new and revised system s; and recom m ends equipment changes t o . obtain m ore effective overall operations. (NOTE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and program ing should be c la s sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determine their pay.)

Does not include em ployees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or system s analysts prim arily concerned with scientific or engineering problem s.

For wage study purposes, system s analysts are classified as follow s:

Class A . Works independently or under only general d irection on com plex problem s involving all phases of system s analysis. Problem s are com plex because of d iverse sources of input data and m ultiple-use requirements of output data. (F or exam ple, develops an integrated production scheduling, inventory control, cost analysis, and sales analysis record in which every item of each type is automatically processed through the full system of records and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the com puter.) Confers with persons concerned to determine the data processing problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on the implications of new or revised system s of data processing operations. Makes recom mendations, if needed, for approval of m ajor system s installations or changes and for obtaining equipment.

May provide functional d irection to lower level system s analysts who are assigned to assist.

Class B . Works independently or under only general direction on problem s that are relatively uncomplicated to analyze, plan, program , and operate. Problem s are of limited com plexity because sources of input data are homogeneous and the output data are close ly related. (For example, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank,

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued

maintaining accounts receivable in a retail establishment, or maintaining inventory accounts in a manufacturing or wholesale establishment.) Confers with persons concerned to determine the data processing problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on the implications of the data processing system s to be applied.

ORWorks on a segment of a com plex data processing scheme or system , as described for

class A. Works independently on routine assignments and receives instruction and guidance on com plex assignments. W ork is reviewed for accuracy o f judgment, com pliance with instructions, and to insure proper alinement with the overall system.

Class C. Works under immediate supervision, carrying out analyses as assigned, usually of a single activity. Assignments are designed to develop and expand practical experience in the application of procedures and skills required for system s analysis work. F or example, may assist a higher level system s analyst by preparing the detailed specifications required by program ers from inform ation developed by the higher level analyst.

DRAFTSMAN

Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of com plex items having distinctive design features that d iffer significantly from established drafting precedents. W orks in close support with the design originator, and m ay recom m end m inor design changes. Analyzes the effect o f each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of com ponents and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for consistency with p rior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or d irect their preparation by low er level draftsmen.

Class B . P erform s nonroutine and com plex drafting assignments that require the application of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: P repares working drawings of subassem blies with irregular shapes,multiple functions, and p recise positional relationships between com ponents; prepares arch itectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted form ulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths, s tresses, etc. R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.

Class C . P repares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to cla rify positioning of components and convey needed inform ation. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions are less com plete when assignments recur. W ork m ay be spot-checked during progress.

DRAFTSMAN-TRACER

Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing lim ited to plans prim arily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring c lose delineation.)

AND/ORP repares sim ple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s. Work is close ly supervised during progress.

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN

Works on various types of electron ic equipment or system s by perform ing one or m ore o f the following operations: Modifying, installing, repairing, and overhauling. These operations require the perform ance of m ost or all of the following tasks: A ssem bling, testing, adjusting,calibrating, tuning, and alining.

Work is nonrepetitive and requires a knowledge of the theory and practice of electronics pertaining to the use of general and specialized e lectron ic test equipment; trouble analysis; and the operation, relationship, and alinement o f electron ic system s, subsystem s, and circuits having a variety of component parts.

E lectronic equipment or system s worked on typically include one or m ore of the following: Ground, veh icle , or airborne radio communications system s, relay system s, navigation aids; airborne or ground radar system s; radio and television transmitting or recording system s; e le c tronic com puters; m iss ile and spacecraft guidance and control system s; industrial and m edical m easuring, indicating, and controlling devices; etc.

(Exclude production assem blers and testers , craftsm en, draftsm en, designers, engineers, and repairm en of such standard electron ic equipment as office m achines, radio and television receiving sets.)


29

NURSE, IN DU STRIAL (R eg iste red )

A re g is te r e d n u rse w ho g iv es nursing s e r v ic e under g en era l m e d ica l d ir e c t io n to i l l o r in ju red em p loyees o r other p e rso n s w ho b e co m e i l l o r su ffe r an a cc id en t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa c to ry o r other estab lish m en t. D uties in volve a com bin ation o f the fo llo w in g : G iving f ir s t aidto the i l l o r in ju red ; attending to subsequent d ress in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; keeping re co rd s

NURSE, IN DU STRIAL (R eg is te red )— Continued

o f patients trea ted ; p rep a rin g a cc id en t r e p o rts fo r com p en sa tion o r other p u rp o s e s ; a ss is tin g in p h y s ica l exam inations and health evaluations o f app licants and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r r y ing out p ro g ra m s involving health education , a ccid en t p reven tion , evaluation o f plant env iron m en t, o r other a c t iv it ie s a ffectin g the health , w e lfa re , and sa fety o f a ll p erson n e l.

M A IN T E N A N C E A N D P O W E R P L A N T

C A R P E N T E R , M AIN TENANCE

P e r fo r m s the ca rp en try duties n e c e s s a r y to con stru ct and m aintain in good rep a ir building w oodw ork and equipm ent such as b in s , c r ib s , cou n ters , b en ch es , p a rtition s , d o o r s , f lo o r s , s ta irs , ca s in g s , and tr im m ade o f w ood in an estab lishm ent. W ork in vo lves m o st o f the fo llow in g : P lanning and laying out o f w ork fr o m b lu ep rin ts , d raw in gs , m o d e ls , o r v e rb a l in stru ction s using a v a r ie ty o f ca rp e n te r 's han dtools , p ortab le pow er to o ls , and standard m easu rin g in stru m en ts ; m aking standard shop com putation s re la tin g to d im en sion s o f w ork ; and se le ct in g m a te r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w ork . In g en era l, the w ork o f the m aintenance ca rp en ter r e q u ire s rounded tra in ing and ex p e r ie n ce u su ally a cq u ired through a fo rm a l app ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in ing and ex p er ien ce .

E L E C TR IC IA N , M AIN TENANCE

P e r fo r m s a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l trade functions such as the in sta lla tion , m aintenance, o r re p a ir o f equipm ent fo r the gen eration , d istrib u tion , o r u tiliza tion o f e le c t r ic en erg y in an estab lishm ent. W ork in vo lves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Installing o r rep a ir in g any o f a v a r ie tyo f e le c t r ic a l equipm ent such as g e n e ra to rs , t r a n s fo rm e r s , sw itch b oa rd s , c o n t r o lle r s , c ir cu it b re a k e rs , m o to rs , heating un its, conduit s y s te m s, o r other t r a n sm iss io n equipm ent; w ork ing fro m b lu ep rin ts , d raw in gs, layou ts , o r o th er sp e c ifica t io n s ; loca tin g and diagnosing trou b le in the e le c t r ic a l sy stem o r Equipm ent; w ork in g standard com putation s re la tin g to load requ irem en ts o f w irin g o r e le c t r ic a l equipm ent; and using a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic ia n 's handtools and m easu rin g and testing in stru m en ts. In g en era l, the w ork o f the m aintenance e le c t r ic ia n re q u ire s rounded train ing and ex p e r ie n ce u su a lly a cq u ired through a fo rm a l app ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in ing and ex p er ien ce .

EN G IN EER, STATIO N A RY

O p erates and m aintains and m ay a lso su p erv ise the op era tion o f sta tion ary engines and equipm ent (m ech a n ica l o r e le c t r ic a l) to supply the estab lish m en t in w hich em p loyed w ith p o w e r , heat, re fr ig e ra t io n , o r a ir -co n d it io n in g . W ork in v o lv es ; O perating and m aintain ing equipm ent such as steam en gin es, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e ra to rs , m o to rs , tu rb in es , ventila ting and r e fr ig eratin g equipm ent, steam b o i le r s and b o i le r - f e d w ater pum ps; m aking equipm ent r e p a ir s ; and keeping a r e c o r d o f op era tion o f m a ch in ery , tem p era tu re , and fu el consum ption . M ay a lso su p e rv is e th ese op era tion s . H ead o r ch ie f en g in eers in estab lish m en ts em ploy in g m o re than one en gin eer are ex c lu d ed .

FIR EM AN , STATIO N A RY BO ILE R

F ir e s station ary b o i le r s to fu rn ish the estab lish m en t in w hich em p loyed w ith h eat, p ow er , o r steam . F eed s fu e ls to f ir e b y hand o r op era tes a m ech a n ica l s tok er , o r gas o r o i l b u rn er ; and ch eck s w ater and sa fety v a lv e s . M ay c lea n , o i l , o r a s s is t in rep a ir in g b o ile r r o o m equipm ent.

H E L P E R , M AIN TENANCE TRAD ES

A s s is ts one o r m o re w ork e rs in the sk illed m aintenance tra d e s , b y p e r fo rm in g s p e c if ic o r g en era l duties o f le s s e r sk ill , such as keeping a w ork er supplied w ith m a te r ia ls and to o ls ; c lean in g w ork ing a rea , m ach in e, and equipm ent; a ss is tin g jou rn eym an b y holding m a te r ia ls o r to o ls ; and p e r fo rm in g other u n sk illed tasks as d ir e c te d b y jou rn eym an . The kind o f w ork the h e lp er is p erm itted to p e r fo rm v a r ie s fr o m trade to tra d e : In som e tra d es the h e lp er is c o n fin ed to supplying, lift in g , and holding m a te r ia ls and to o ls and clea n in g w ork in g a re a s ; and in oth ers he is p erm itted to p e r fo rm s p e c ia liz e d m ach in e op era tion s , o r p a rts o f a trade that are a lso p e r fo rm e d b y w o rk e rs on a fu ll- t im e b a s is .

M A C H IN E -TO O L O P E R A T O R , TO O LRO O M

S p ec ia lizes in the op eration o f one o r m o re types o f m ach ine to o ls , such as j ig b o r e r s , cy lin d rica l o r su rfa ce g r in d e rs , engine la th es , o r m illin g m a ch in es , in the co n stru ctio n o f m ach in e -sh op to o ls , g a g e s , j ig s , f ix tu re s , o r d ies . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : P lanning and p er fo rm in g d ifficu lt m ach in in g op era tion s ; p r o c e s s in g item s req u ir in g co m p lica te d setups o r a high d eg ree o f a c c u r a c y ; using a v a r ie ty o f p r e c is io n m ea su rin g in stru m en ts ; se le ct in g fe e d s , speed s , too lin g , and op era tion seq u en ce ; and m aking n e c e s s a r y ad justm ents during op eration to ach ieve req u is ite to le ra n ce s o r d im en sion s. M ay be req u ired to re co g n ize w hen to o ls need d ress in g , to d re ss t o o ls , and to s e le c t p ro p e r coo la n ts and cutting and lu b r ica tin g o i ls . F o r c r o s s - in d u s tr y w age study p u rp o se s , m a ch in e -to o l o p e ra to rs , t o o lr o o m , in to o l and d ie jobb in g shops are exclu ded fro m this c la s s if ica t io n .

M ACHIN IST, M AIN TEN AN CE

P ro d u ce s rep la cem en t parts and new p a rts in m aking re p a irs o f m eta l p a rts o f m ech a n ica l equipm ent op era ted in an estab lish m en t. W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : In terpretin g w ritten in stru ction s and sp e c ifica t io n s ; planning and laying out o f w ork ; using a v a r ie ty o f m a ch in is t 's handtools and p r e c is io n m easu rin g in stru m en ts ; setting up and operatin g standard m ach in e to o ls ; shaping o f m eta l p a rts to c lo s e to le r a n ce s ; m aking standard shop com putation s re la tin g to d im en sion s o f w ork , too lin g , fe e d s , and speeds o f m ach in in g ; know ledge o f the w ork in g p ro p e r t ie s o f the com m on m e ta ls ; se le ct in g standard m a te r ia ls , p a rts , and equipm ent req u ired fo r h is w ork ; and fitting and assem b lin g p arts into m ech a n ica l equipm ent. In gen era l, the m a ch in is t 's w ork n o rm a lly re q u ire s a rounded tra in ing in m a ch in e -sh op p ra c t ic e u su ally a cq u ired through a fo rm a l app ren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in ing and ex p e r ie n ce .

M ECH ANIC, A U TO M O TIVE (M aintenance)R ep a irs a u tom ob ile s , b u se s , m o to rtru ck s , and tr a c to r s o f an estab lish m en t. W ork in

v o lv e s m o£t_of_the_fo llow ing : E xam ining autom otive equipm ent to d iagn ose so u rce o f trou b le ; d is assem b lin g equipm ent and p e r fo rm in g re p a irs that in vo lve the u se o f such han dtools as w ren ch es , g a g es , d r i l l s , o r sp e c ia liz e d equipm ent in d isa ssem b lin g o r fitting p a rts ; rep la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m stock ; grinding and adjusting v a lv e s ; re a sse m b lin g and in sta llin g the v a r iou s a sse m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m aking n e c e s s a r y ad ju stm en ts; and alin ing w h e e ls , ad justin g b ra k es and lig h ts , o r tightening b od y b o lts . In g e n e ra l, the w ork o f the autom otive m ech a n ic req u ires rounded tra in ing and ex p e r ie n ce u su a lly a cq u ired through a fo rm a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in ing and ex p er ien ce .

M ECH ANIC, M AIN TENANCER ep a irs m a ch in ery o r m ech a n ica l equipm ent o f an estab lish m en t. W ork in vo lves m ost

o f the fo llo w in g : E xam ining m ach in es and m ech a n ica l equipm ent to d iagn ose s o u rce o f trou b le ;d ism antling o r p a rtly d ism an tlin g m ach in es and p e r fo rm in g re p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e the use o f han dtools in s cra p in g and fitting p a r ts ; rep la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts w ith item s obtained fro m stock ; o rd e r in g the p rod u ction o f a rep la cem en t p a rt b y a m ach in e shop o r sending o f the m ach in e to a m ach in e shop fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p rep a rin g w ritten sp e c ifica t io n s f o r m a jo r re p a irs o r fo r the p rod u ction o f p arts o rd e re d fr o m m ach in e shop; re a sse m b lin g m a ch in es ; and m aking a ll n e c e s s a r y ad justm ents f o r operation . In gen era l, the w ork o f a m aintenance m ech a n ic req u ires rounded tra in ing and ex p e r ie n ce u su ally a cq u ired through a fo rm a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n ce . E x clu d ed fr o m this c la s s if ic a t io n a re w o rk e rs w h ose p r im a ry duties in vo lve setting up o r adjusting m ach in es .M ILLW RIG H T

Insta lls new m ach in es o r heavy equ ipm ent, and d ism a n tles and in sta lls m a ch in es o r heavy equipm ent w hen changes in the plant layout a re req u ired . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : P lanning and laying out o f the w ork ; in terp retin g b lu ep rin ts o r o th er s p e c ifica t io n s ; using a v a r ie ty o f han dtools and rig g in g ; m aking standard shop com pu tation s re la tin g to s t r e s s e s , strength o f m a te r ia ls , and ce n te rs o f g ra v ity ; a lin ing and ba lan cin g o f equipm ent; se le ct in g standard to o ls , equipm ent, and p a rts to be u sed ; and in sta llin g and m aintain ing in good o r d e r p ow er tra n sm iss io n equipm ent such as d r iv e s and speed re d u ce rs . In g e n e ra l, the m illw r ig h t 's w ork n o rm a lly req u ires a rounded tra in ing and e x p e r ie n ce in the trad e a cq u ired through a fo rm a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in ing and ex p er ien ce .

P A IN T E R , M AIN TENANCEP a in ts and re d e co ra te s w a lls , w ood w ork , and fix tu re s o f an estab lish m en t. W ork in volves

the fo llo w in g : K now ledge o f su r fa ce p e cu lia r it ie s and typ es o f paint req u ired fo r d iffe ren t a p p lica t ion s ; p rep a rin g su r fa ce fo r painting b y rem ov in g o ld f in ish o r b y p la c in g putty o r f i l le r in nail h o les and in te r s t ic e s ; and applying paint w ith sp ra y gun o r bru sh . M ay m ix c o lo r s , o i ls , w hite lea d , and o th er paint in gred ien ts to obtain p ro p e r c o lo r o r c o n s is te n cy . In g e n e ra l, the w ork o f the m aintenance p a in ter re q u ire s rounded tra in ing and e x p e r ie n ce u su a lly a cq u ired through a fo rm a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n ce .

P IP E F IT T E R . M AIN TENANCEIn sta lls o r r e p a ir s w a ter, steam , g a s , o r o th er types o f p ipe and p ip e fittin gs in an

estab lish m en t. W ork in v o lv es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g ; L aying out o f w ork and m ea su rin g to lo ca te p o s it io n o f p ip e fr o m draw in gs o r o th er w ritten s p e c ific a t io n s ; cutting v a r iou s s iz e s o f p ipe to c o r r e c t lengths w ith c h is e l and h a m m er o r ox y a ce ty len e t o r ch o r p ip e -cu tt in g m a ch in e ; threading pipe w ith s tock s and d ie s ; bending p ipe b y h an d -d riv en o r p o w e r -d r iv e n m a ch in es ; assem blin g


3 0

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued

pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether fin ished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. W orkers prim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE

F abricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lock ers , tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning and laying out all types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working m achines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-m etal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-m etal w orker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

TOOL AND DIE MAKER

(Die m aker; jig m aker; tool m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker)

Constructs and repairs m achine-shop tools , gages, jig s , fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other m etal-form ing work. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning andlaying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die m aker's handtools and p recis ion measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of com m on m etals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of metal parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to c lose tolerances; fitting and assem bling of parts to p rescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate m ateria ls, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die m aker's work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

F or cross-in dustry wage study purposes, tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification .

C U S T O D IA L A N D M A TE R IA L M O V E M E N T

GUARD AND WATCHMAN

Guard. P erform s routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of em ployees and other persons entering.

Watchman. Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property against fire , theft, and illegal entry.

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)

Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washroom s, or prem ises of an office, apartment house, or com m ercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors ; removingchips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimm ings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services ; and cleaning lavatories, showers , and restroom s. W orkers who specialize in window washing are excluded.

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING

(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; w arehouseman or warehouse helper)

A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or m ore of the following: Loading and unloading various m aterials andmerchandise on or from freight cars , trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; and transporting m aterials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.

ORDER FILLER

(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)

Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored m erchandise in a ccord ance with specifications on sales slips, custom ers' orders , or other instructions. May, inaddition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties.

PACKER, SHIPPING

Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations perform ed being dependent upon the type, s ize , and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or m ore of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK

Prepares m erchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments o f m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shippingprocedures, p ractices, routes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c ords of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping record s. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness ofshipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other record s; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files.

F or wage study purposes, workers are classified a^ follows;

Receiving clerk Shipping clerkShipping and receiving clerk

TRUCKDRIVER

Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m aterials, m erchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freightdepots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishments and cu stom ers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver - salesm en and over-th e-road drivers are excluded.

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follow s: (T ractor-tra iler should be rated on the basis of tra iler capacity.)

Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)T ruckdriver, light (under IV2 tons)T ruckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons)Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type)T ruckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type)

TRUCKER, POWER

Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or e lectric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.

F or wage study purposes, workers aye classified by type of truck, as follow s:

Trucker, power (forklift)Trucker, power (other than forklift)


A v a i la b le O n R e q u e s t -----

T h e f o l l o w i n g a r e a s a r e s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m in i s t e r i n g the S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965. C o p ie s o f p u b l i c r e l e a s e s a r e a v a i l a b l e at n o c o s t w h i l e s u p p l i e s l a s t f r o m an y o f the B L S r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s sh o w n on the in s id e f r o n t c o v e r .

A b i l e n e , T e x .A l a s k a A l b a n y , Ga.A l e x a n d r i a , L a .A l p e n a , S ta n d is h , and T a w a s C i t y , M i c h . A m a r i l l o , T e x .A n n A r b o r , M i c h .A s h e v i l l e , N .C .A t la n t i c C i t y , N .J .A u g u s t a , G a .—S .C .A u s t in , T e x .B a k e r s f i e l d , C a l i f .B a t o n R o u g e , L a .B i l l i n g s , M o n t .B i l o x i , G u l f p o r t , and P a s c a g o u l a , M i s s . B r i d g e p o r t , N o r w a l k , and S t a m f o r d , C on n . C h a r l e s t o n , S .C .C h e y e n n e , W y o .C l a r k s v i l l e , T e r m . , and H o p k i n s v i l l e , K y . C o l o r a d o S p r i n g s , C o l o .C o l u m b i a , S .C .C o l u m b u s , G a .—A la .C r a n e , Ind.D e c a t u r , 111.D oth a n , A la .D u lu th—S u p e r i o r , M in n .—W is .D u r h a m , N .C .E l P a s o , T e x .E u g e n e , O r e g .F a r g c r - M o o r h e a d , N. D a k .—M in n . F a y e t t e v i l l e , N .C .F i t c h b u r g —L e o m i n s t e r , M a s s .F o r t S m it h , A r k .—O k la .F r e d e r i c k —H a g e r s t o w n , M d . - P a . - W . V a . G r e a t F a l l s , M on t .G r e e n s b o r o —W in s t o n S a le m —H ig h P o i n t , N .C . H a r r i s b u r g , P a .H a r t f o r d , C on n .H u n t s v i l l e , A la .

K n o x v i l l e , T erm .L a r e d o , T e x .L a s V e g a s , N ev .L e x in g t o n , K y .L o w e r E a s t e r n S h o r e , M d . - V a .L y n c h b u r g , V a.M a c o n , G a .M a d i s o n , W is .M a r q u e t t e , E s c a n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r i e , M i c h M e r i d i a n , M i s s .M i d d l e s e x , M o n m o u t h , O c e a n and S o m e r s e t

C o s . , N .J .M o b i l e , A l a . , and P e n s a c o l a , F la . M o n t g o m e r y , A la .N a s h v i l l e , T e n n .N e w L o n d o n —G r o t o n —N o r w i c h , C onn . N o r t h e a s t e r n M a in e O g d e n , Utah O r l a n d o , F la .O x n a r d —V e n t u r a , C a l i f .P a n a m a C i t y , F la .P i n e B lu f f , A r k .P o r t s m o u t h , N .H .—M a in e —M a s s .P u e b l o , C o l o .R e n o , N e v .S a c r a m e n t o , C a l i f .S a l in a , K a n s .S a l in a s —M o n t e r e y , C a l i f .S an ta B a r b a r a , C a l i f .S h r e v e p o r t , L a .S p r i n g f i e l d —C h i c o p e e —H o l y o k e , M a s s - C o n n . S t o c k t o n , C a l i f .T a c o m a , W a s h .T o p e k a , K a n s .T u c s o n , A r i z .V a l d o s t a , Ga.V a l l e j o —N a p a , C a l i f .W i c h i t a F a l l s , T e x .W i l m i n g t o n , D e l .—N .J .—M d .

T h e e l e v e n t h an nu a l r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , c h i e f a c c o u n t a n t s , a t t o r n e y s , j o b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l , b u y e r s , c h e m i s t s , e n g i n e e r s , e n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s , d r a f t s m e n , and c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s . O r d e r a s B L S B u l l e t in 1693, N a t io n a l S u r v e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and C l e r i c a l P a y , J u n e 1 9 7 0 , $ 1 .0 0 a c o p y , f r o m t h e S u p e r in t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r an y o f i t s r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s .

■fru.s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1971 432-469/49Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

A r e a W a g e S u r v e y s

A l i s t o f the l a t e s t a v a i l a b l e b u l l e t in s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y o f a r e a w a g e s t u d ie s in c lu d in g m o r e l i m i t e d s t u d ie s c o n d u c t e d at the r e q u e s t o f the W a g e and H o u r D i v i s i o n o f the D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r is a v a i l a b l e on r e q u e s t . B u l l e t in s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m the S u p e r in t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r f r o m an y o f the B L S r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s sh o w n on the in s id e f r o n t c o v e r .

B u l le t in n u m b e rA r e a and p r i c e

A k r o n , O h io , J u ly 1970_______________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 8 , 30 c e n t sA lb a n y —S c h e n e c t a d ^ T r o y , N . Y . , M a r . 1971 1 _________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 4 , 35 c e n t sA l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . , M a r . 19 71_________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 8 , 30 c e n t sA l l e n t o w n —B e t h l e h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N .J . , M a y 1970 1 6 6 0 - 8 3 , 35 c e n t sA t la n t a , G a . , M a y 1970 1_____________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 6 , 50 c e n t sB a l t i m o r e , M d . , A u g . 1970 1________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 1 8, 50 c e n t sB e a u m o n t - P o r t A r t h u r - O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _____ 1 6 6 0 - 8 4 , 30 c e n t sB in g h a m t o n , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 _______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 6 , 30 c e n t sB i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1971 1____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 6 3 , 40 c e n t sB o i s e C i ty , Id aho , N o v . 1970 1 _____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 1 , 35 c e n t sB o s t o n , M a s s . , A u g . 1970 1 ________________________ _________ 1 6 8 5 -1 1, 50 c e n t sB u f f a l o , N . Y . , O c t . 1970 1 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 4 3 , 50 c e n t sB u r l i n g t o n , V t . , M a r . 1971 1------------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 5 9 , 35 c e n tsC a n to n , O h io , M a y 1970 1____________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 1 , 35 c e n t sC h a r l e s t o n , W . V a . , M a r . 1971____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 7 , 30 c e n t sC h a r l o t t e , N . C . , Jan . 1971___________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 8 , 30 c e n t sC h a t t a n o o g a , T e n n . - G a . , S ep t . 1970 1 ____________________ 1 6 8 5 - 1 0 , 35 c e n t sC h i c a g o , 111., J u n e 19 70 --------------------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 - 9 0 , 60 c e n t sC in c in n a t i , O h io —K y .—I n d . , F e b . 1971 1 --------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 5 3 , 45 c e n t sC l e v e l a n d , O h io , S ep t . 1970 1_______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 8 , 50 c e n t sC o l u m b u s , O h io , O c t . 1970 1________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 3 , 40 c e n t sD a l l a s , T e x . , O c t . 1970 1 ____________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 2 , 50 c e n t sD a v e n p o r t —R o c k Is la n d —M o l i n e , Iow a—111.,

F e b . 1971 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 5 1 , 30 c e n t sD a y to n , O h io , D e c . 1970 1 ___________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 5 , 40 c e n t sD e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1970____________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 1 , 35 c e n t sD e s M o i n e s , I o w a , M a y 1970 1 _____________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 3 , 35 c e n t sD e t r o i t , M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 ___________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 5 8 , 35 c e n t sF o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O c t . 1970 1 ______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 5 , 35 c e n t sG r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u ly 1970 1_______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 , 35 c e n t sG r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1 9 7 0 -------------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 - 7 9 , 30 c e n t sH o u s t o n , T e x . , A p r . 19 70___________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 6 7 , 35 c e n t sI n d ia n a p o l i s , Ind . , O c t . 1970 1______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 1 , 40 c e n t sJ a c k s o n , M i s s . , Ja n . 1971 1 ________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 9 , 35 c e n t sJ a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 7 , 35 c e n t sK a n s a s C i t y , M o . - K a n s . , S ep t . 1970 1____________________ 1 6 8 5 - 1 6 , 45 c e n t sL a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N .H . , Ju ne 1970 1________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 2 , 35 c e n t sL i t t l e R o c k —N o r t h L i t t l e R o c k , A r k . , J u ly 1970 1_____ 1 6 8 5 - 1 , 35 c e n t sL o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —S a n ta A n a -

G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 19 70________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 6 4 , 45 c e n t sL o u i s v i l l e , K y .—I n d . , N o v . 19 70____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 7 , 30 c e n t sL u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 19 7 1 ___________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 6 0 , 30 c e n t sM a n c h e s t e r , N .H . , J u ly 1970 1 _____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 , 35 c e n t sM e m p h i s , T e n n . - A r k . , N o v . 1970_________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 0 , 30 c e n t sM i a m i , F l a . , N o v . 1970 1 ------------------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 2 9 , 40 c e n t sM id la n d and O d e s s a , T e x . , Jan . 19 71____________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 0 , 30 c e n t sM i l w a u k e e , W i s . , M a y 1970 1_______________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 4 , 50 c e n t sM i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M in n . , Ja n . 1971_________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 4 , 40 c e n t s

B u l le t in n u m b e rA r e a and p r i c e

M u s k e g o n — M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , June 1970 1_____ 1 6 6 0 -8 5 , 35 c e n t sN e w a r k and J e r s e y C i ty , N .J . , Jan . 1971________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 7 , 40 c e n tsN ew H a v e n , C o n n . , Jan . 1971_______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 5 , 30 c e n t sN e w O r l e a n s , L a . , Jan. 1971 1--------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 3 6 , 40 c e n t sN e w Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1970 1________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 9 , 75 c e n t sN o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —

H a m p t o n , V a . , Jan . 1971 1 ------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 4 6 , 35 c e n t sO k l a h o m a C i t y , O k la . , J u ly 1970___________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 , 30 c e n t sO m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , S ept. 1970 1 __________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 14, 35 c e n t sP a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , Ju ne 1970 1___________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 7 , 45 c e n t sP h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N .J . , N o v . 1970_________________________ 1 6 8 5 -3 4 , 50 c e n t sP h o e n ix , A r i z . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1------------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 -7 0 , 35 c e n t sP i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Ja n . 1971 1_________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 9 , 50 c e n t sP o r t l a n d , M a in e , N o v . 1970 1 _______________________________ 1 6 8 5 -1 9 , 30 c e n t sP o r t l a n d , O r e g . - W a s h . , M a y 1970 1_______________________ 1 6 6 0 -7 7 , 40 c e n t sP r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t —W a r w i c k , R . I .—M a s s . ,

M a y 1 9 7 0 _______________________________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 2 , 30 c e n t sR a l e i g h , N . C . , A u g . 1970 1__________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 12, 35 c e n t sR i c h m o n d , V a . , M a r . 1971___________________________________ 1 6 8 5 -6 2 , 30 c e n t sR o c h e s t e r , N .Y . ( o f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s o n ly ) ,

A u g . 1 9 7 0 _______________________________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 7 , 30 c e n t sR o c k f o r d , 111., M a y 1970 1 ___________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 5 , 35 c e n t sSt. L o u i s , M o .—111., M a r . 1970______________________________ 1 6 6 0 -6 6 , 40 c e n t sSalt L a k e C i t y , U tah , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1__________________________ 1 6 8 5 -2 6 , 35 c e n t sSan A n t o n i o , T e x , M a y 1970________________________________ 1 6 6 0 -7 1 , 30 c e n t sSan B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s id e—O n t a r i o , C a l i f . ,

D e c . 1 9 7 0 1_____________________________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 2 , 40 c e n t sSan D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1970________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 0 , 30 c e n t sSan F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d , C a l i f . , O c t . 1970----------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 3 , 40 c e n t sSan J o s e , C a l i f . , A u g . 1970_________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 1 3 , 30 c e n t sS a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1970 1___________________________________ 1 6 6 0 -8 0 , 35 c e n t sS c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 * ____________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 , 35 c e n t sS e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , Ja n . 1971 1----------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 -5 2 , 35 c e n tsS io u x F a l l s , S. D a k . , D e c . 1970 1----------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 3 8 , 35 c e n t sSouth B e n d , Ind . , M a r . 1971_________________________________ 1 6 8 5 -6 1 , 30 c e n t sS p o k a n e , W a s h . , Ju ne 1970 1 ------------------------------------------------ 1 6 6 0 -8 6 , 35 c e n t sS y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 8 , 30 c e n t sT a m p a r S t . P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , N o v . 1970--------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 17, 30 c e n t sT o l e d o , O h i o - M i c h . , F e b . 1970 ............. ...................................- 1 6 6 0 -5 6 , 30 c e n tsT r e n t o n , N .J . , S ept . 1970 1 __________________________________ 1 6 85 - 15, 35 c e n tsU t ica—R o m e , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ....................................................... 1 6 8 5 - 9 , 30 c e n t sW a s h in g t o n , D .C .—M d .—V a . , A p r . 1971----------------------------- 1 6 8 5 -5 6 , 40 c e n t sW a t e r b u r y , C o n n . , M a r . 1971_______________________________ 1 6 8 5 -5 5 , 30 c e n t sW a t e r l o o , I o w a , N o v . 1970 1 ------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 3 2 , 35 c e n t sW ic h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1970 1 -------------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 -6 9 , 35 c e n t sW o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , M a y 1970 1 -------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 -7 8 , 35 c e n t sY o r k , P a . , F e b . 1971__________________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 0 , 30 c e n t sY o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n , O h io , N o v . 1970------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 -2 4 , 30 c e n t s

Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.


U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20212

O FFICIAL BUSINESSPENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

FIRST CLASS MAIL I
