bls_1654_1970.pdf

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National Survey Professional, Administrative, Technical, and Clerical ,Ju n e 1969

Dayton & Montgomery Co. Public Library

M A R i 0 1 9 7 0

D O C U M E N T C O LLEC TIO N

U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Bulletin 1654February 1970

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

National Survey of Professional,Administrative,Technical,and Clerical Pay,June I 9 6 0

Accountants and Auditors AttorneysPersonnel Management BuyersEngineers and Chemists Engineering Technicians Draftsmen Office Clerical

U.S. Department of Labor George P. Shultz, SecretaryBureau of Labor Statistics Geoffrey H. Moore, CommissionerBulletin 1654February 1970

For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402— 75 cents


Preface

This bulletin summarizes the results of the Bureau’ s annual salary survey of selected professional, administrative, technical, and clerical occupations in private industry. The nationwide salary information, which relates to June 1969. is representative of establishments in a broad spectrum of industries throughout the United States, except Alaska and Hawaii.

The survey was designed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in cooperation with the Bureau of the Budget and the Civil Service Commission. It provides a fund of broadly based information on salary levels and distributions in private employment. As such, the results are useful as a guide for salary administration purposes and for general economic analysis. In addition, the survey provides information on pay in private industry in a form suitable for use in appraising the compensation of salaried employees in the Federal civil service (appendix D). It should be emphasized that this survey, like any other salary survey, is in no sense calculated to supply mechanical answers to pay policy questions.

The occupations studied span a wide range of duties and responsibilities. Individually, the occupations selected were judged to be (a) surveyable in industry within the framework of a broad survey design and (b) representative of occupational groups which are numerically important in industry as well as in the Federal Service.

Occupational definitions used in the collection of the salary data (appendix C) reflect duties and responsibilities in private industry; however, they are also designed to be translatable to specific pay grades in the General Schedule applying to Federal Classification Act employees. This necessitated limiting some occupations and work levels to specific elements that could be classified uniformly among establishments. The Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Civil Service Commission collaborated in the preparation of the definitions.

The scope of the survey, in terms of industrial, geographic, and minimum establishment-size coverage remained the same as in the 1968 survey. The definitions for attorneys and directors of personnel were revised and managers of office services were not surveyed (see appendix B). The other definitions were the same as used in the 1968 survey.

The survey could not have been accomplished without the cooperation of the many firms whose salary data provide the basis for the statistical information presented in this bulletin. The Bureau, on its own behalf and on behalf of the other Federal agencies that collaborated in planning the survey, wishes to express sincere appreciation for the cooperation it has received.

Hi


Preface— Continued

This study was conducted in the Bureau's Office of Wages and Industrial Relations by the Division of Occupational Wage Structures. The analysis was prepared by Stephen H. Perloff. Field work for the survey was directed by the Bureau's Assistant Regional Directors, Division of Operations.

Although only nationwide salary data are presented in this bulletin, clerical and drafting occupation salary data are available for each of the 89 metropolitan areas in which the Bureau conducts area wage surveys. These area reports also include information on such supplementary benefits as paid vacations, holidays, and health, insurance, and pension plans relating to nonsupervisory office workers. (See the areas listed in the order form at the back of this bulletin. )

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Contents

P a g e

S u m m a ry ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C h a r a c te r is t ic s o f the s u r v e y _________________________________________________C h anges in s a la r y le v e ls .________ _______________ . . . _________ ___________ _______A v e ra g e s a la r ie s , June 1969__________________________________________________S a la r y le v e ls in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s __________________________________________S a la r y le v e ls in la rg e e s ta b lis h m e n ts ---------------------------------------------------------------------S a la r y d is tr ib u t io n s ______________________________________ ______________________P a y d if fe re n c e s b y in d u s t r y ___________________________________________________A v e ra g e sc h e d u led w e e k ly h o u r s — --------------— --------------------------------. . . -----------—

T a b le s :

Average salaries:1. United States_______________ -______________________________-_____________________ _ 152. Metropolitan areas ______________________________________________________________ 173. Establishments employing 2, 500 or m ore___________________ —_________________ 19

Employment distribution by salary:4. Professional and administrative occupations_________________________________ — 215. Engineering technicians---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 266. Drafting and clerical occupations------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27

7. Occupational employment distribution: By industry division______________________ 298. Relative salary levels : Occupation by industry division.__________________________ 299. Average scheduled weekly hours: Occupation by industry division______________ 30

Charts:

1, Rise in average (mean) salaries for selected occupationalgroups, 1961 to 1969— -------------------- -------—______ -_______— _____ -_________ — __— 3

2, Rates of salary changes for selected occupational groups, 1961-69______________ 53, Salaries in professional and technical occupations, June 1969_____ -____________ - 114, Salaries in administrative and clerical occupations, June 1969____ _____________ 125, Relative employment in selected occupational groups by

industry division, June 1969— -------------- ---------____—________________ _____________ 13

Appendixes:

A. Scope and method of survey________________________________________________________ 31B. Survey changes in 1969 — --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- -_____ 37C. Occupational definitions-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39D. Comparison of average annual salaries in private industry,

June 1969. with corresponding salary rates for Federalemployees under the General Schedule________________________ __________________ 77

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National Survey o f Professional, Administrative, Technical, and Clerical Pay, June 1969

Summary

Average salaries of workers in the occupations covered by this survey increased at a higher rate between 1968 and 1969 than for any year since the study was initiated. The 5.7 average percent increase for all white-collar occupations combined was slightly higher than the year earlier. Increases for 9 of 10 professional, administrative, and technical support occupations ranged from 5.4 to 7 .2 percent, and averaged 5.8 percent. The average of the increases for clerical occupations was 5. 5 percent, with 8 of the 9 advancing between 4. 7 and 5. 9 percent. 1

Average monthly salaries for the 78 occupational work levels varied from $324 for clerks engaged in routine filing to $2,452 for the highest level in the attorney series. For engineers, the largest professional occupation surveyed, salaries ranged from $805 a month for recent college graduates in trainee positions to $2,002 for engineers VIII, whose typical responsibilities could include the direction of a highly complex and diversified engineering program consisting of many large and important projects. Monthly salaries averaged $412 for accounting clerks I, $489 for secretaries I, $549 for secretaries II, $433 for general stenographers, and $371 for typists I, the largest clerical groups represented in the survey. Average monthly salaries of engineering technicians ranged from $495 to $860 among five work levels. For most of the occupations, salary levels in metropolitan areas and in large establishments were higher than in all establishments within the full scope of the survey. Salary levels in finance and retail trade industries generally were lower than in other major industry divisions represented in the survey. Reported average scheduled weekly hours were also generally lower in the finance industries.

Characteristics of the SurveyThis survey, the tenth in an annual series, provides nationwide salary averages and

distributions for 78 work level categories covering 12 broad occupational groups. 2 It relates to establishments in all areas of the United States except Alaska and Hawaii in the following industries: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; engineering and architectural services; and research, development, and testing laboratories operated on a commercial basis. 3 The minimum size of establishment requirements varied by industry division roughly equalizing minimum size scope in terms of white-collar employment. These requirements ranged from 50 employees in the finance, insurance, and real estate division, which is almost entirely composed of white-collar workers, to 250 employees in the manufacturing and retail trade divisions. 4

Definitions for the occupations included in this study provide for classification of employees according to appropriate work levels (or classes). Within each occupation, the work levels surveyed, usually designated by Roman numerals with class I assigned to the lowest level, are defined in terms of duties and responsibilities. Specific job factors determining classification, however, varied from occupation to occupation.

* To obtain the increase for all white-collar occupations, the average of increases for the 9 clerical occupations and for the 10 professional, administrative, and technical support occupations were averaged. This method differed from that used to compute increases in the tabulation on p. 4 for the clerical occupations. A forthcoming article in the Monthly Labor Review will further explain the method of computation and present similar information for the 1961-69 period.

2 Results of the earlier survey reports were presented under the title: National Survey of Professional. Administrative. Technical. and Clerical Pay. Winter 1959-60 (BLS Bulletin 1286, 1960); Winter 1960-61 (BLS Bulletin 1310, 1961); Winter 1961-62 (BLS Bulletin 1346, 1962); February-March 1963 (BLS Bulletin 1387, 1963); February-March 1964 (BLS Bulletin 1422, 1964); February-March 1965 (BLS Bulletin 1469, 1965); February-March 1966 (BLS Bulletin 1535, 1966); lune 1967 (BLS Bulletin 1585, 1968); and June 1968 (BLS Bulletin 1617, 1969).

3 February-March 1964 and earlier surveys were limited to establishments in metropolitan areas. For a full description of the scope of the 1969 survey, see appendix A.

4 February-March 1965 and earlier surveys were limited to establishments having 250 employees or more.

1Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

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The number of work level definitions for each occupation varies from one for office boys or girls to eight each for chemists and engineers. More than one level of work was defined for survey in most of the occupations; however, some occupations were purposely defined to cover specific bands of work levels, which were not intended to represent all levels or all workers that may be found in those occupations.

The survey was designed to permit separate presentation of data for metropolitan areas. Coverage in metropolitan areas includes the 227 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States except Alaska and Hawaii, as revised through April 1967 by the Bureau of the Budget, the same number represented in the previous survey. About four- fifths of the total employment and almost nine-tenths of the employment in professional, administrative, clerical, and related occupations within scope of this survey were accounted for by establishments located in metropolitan areas. Almost nine-tenths of the employees in the selected occupations studied also were employed in metropolitan areas. The proportions varied more for the professional and administrative occupations than for the clerical and drafting occupations.

The selected occupations accounted for more than 1,638,000 employees or almost one- fourth of the estimated total employment in professional, administrative, clerical, and related occupations in all establishments within scope of the survey. Employment in the selected occupations varied widely, reflecting actual differences in employment in the various occupations, as well as differences in the range of duties and responsibilities covered by each occupational definition. Among the professional and administrative occupations, the eight levels of engineers accounted for a total of 397, 131 employees, whereas, fewer than 5,000 were employed in each of three of the occupational categories as defined for the study (chief accountants, job analysts, and directors of personnel). (See table 1. ) Four occupations at all work levels studied (accounting clerks, secretaries, stenographers, and typists) accounted for about 70 percent of the 889, 00 3 employees in the clerical occupations studied. The selected drafting room occupations had aggregate employment of 90, 300 and the five engineering technician levels together accounted for about 99, 000.

Although women accounted for approximately one-half of the total employment in the occupations studied, they were employed largely in clerical positions. The clerical occupations in which the proportion of women amounted to more than 90 percent of employment at each level were file clerks, keypunch operators, secretaries, stenographers, switchboard operators, and typists. Among tabulating-machine operators, women accounted for 57 percent at level I, 39 percent at level II, and 25 percent at level III. Office girls (47 percent) were outnumbered by office boys (5 3 percent). Women accounted for almost 25 percent of the draftsmen-tracers, but less than 5 percent of the three draftsmen levels combined. Engineering technicians at level I included almost 25 percent women, whereas levels II through V combined included only 3 percent. Women employees in the professional and administrative occupations usually were reported in the first few levels; those in which women accounted for as many as 10 but less than 40 percent of the employment were: Accountants I; job analysts I and II; chemists I and II; and buyers I.

The general level of salaries for each occupation or work level is presented in this study as the arithmetic mean of all the individual salary rates. Median salaries, the amount below and above which the salaries for 50 percent of the employees are found, are also presented in tables 1, 2, and 3.

Changes in Salary Levels

The following tabulation presents the salary increases that occurred between annual surveys since 1961 for the levels representing each of 12 occupational groups. 5 To determine the increases for each group, all levels of the occupation were combined using employment in the most recent year as a constant employment weight in both years to eliminate the effects of changes in the proportion of employees in the various work levels. Changes in the scope of the survey or in the occupational definitions were incorporated into the series as soon as two comparable periods were available. The increases were then linked together to obtain the changes that had occurred since this series began and to compute average annual rates of increase. The 1961—69 percent increases for selected occupations are shown in chart 1.

® The increases since 1965 relate to establishments in metropolitan areas and nonmetropolitan counties; all others relate to metropolitan areas only. Establishments employing fewer than 250 workers were excluded before 1966.


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OCCUPATIONALGROUPS

Chart 1. Rise in Average (Mean) Salaries for Selected Occupational Groups, 1961 to 1969

PERCENT

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45


4

Percent increases in average salaries

Average annual rate of

increase

1968to

1967 1966 1965 to to to

1964to

1963to

1962to

1961to

1961to

Occupational group 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1969

Accountants---------------------------------------- --------- 7 .0 5.7 4 .6 3. 8 3.5 2.8 3.3 2.8 4.2Auditors------------------------------------------------------- 7 .2 5.5 4.8 3. 8 3.9 3.1 3.6 2. 9 4.3Chief accountants------------------------------- --------- 5.8 5.5 5.1 3. 3 3. 9 4.8 2.8 2.6 4. 2Attorneys ------------------------------------------- --------- (2) 5.3 3.2 4 .0 4. 2 3.3 4 .6 3. 2 <2 )Buyers------------------------------------------------- •.......... 6 .6 4 .9 4 .2 ( 3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3)Job analysts---------------------------------------- --------- 2.1 7.0 3.4 5 .4 4. 3 3.5 2.6 1.4 3.7Directors of personnel--------------------------------- 5.4 5.4 3.8 3. 6 3 .5 4 .6 3.0 3.7 4. 1Chemists ----------------------------------------------------- 6 .5 5.1 4 .4 4.8 3.9 3.3 3.8 3.9 4.5Engineers--------------------------------------------■.......... 6 .2 5 .4 4.3 3.7 3. 2 2 .9 4.4 2.6 4. 1Engineering technicians----------------------•.......... 5.8 5.1 3.7 2.8 2.3 3.6 2.9 ( 4) 4 3. 8D r a ft in g --------------------------------------------------------------- 5.8 5.3 3.5 1.5 (5) 2.6 3.6 3.8 (5)C le r i c a l -------------------------------------------------------........... 5.3 5.0 4.6 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.6

1 The 1966-67 percent increases shown in the 1968 survey report have been prorated to a 12-month period. A change in survey tim ing in 1967 resulted in changes over a 16-m onth period for c le ric a l and drafting occupations, and a 15-m onth period for a ll others. The actual survey-to-survey increases were: Accountants— 5 .8 ; auditors— 6 .0 ; chief accountants— 6 .4 ; attorneys--4 . 0 ; buyers— 5 .2 ; job analysts— 4 .2 ; directors of personnel--4 . 7; chemists— 5 .5 ; engineers--5. 4; engineering technicians— 4. 6; drafting— 4. 6; and c le r ic a l— 6. 1.

2 Comparison over this period was not possible for attorneys because of changes in the number and definitions of work levels in 1969.

3 Buyers were not surveyed before 1966.4 Engineering technicians were not surveyed before 1962; therefore, the average annual rate o f increase relates

to the 1962 to 1969 period.5 Comparison over this period was not possible for draftsmen because of changes in definitions of work

levels in 1965.

In the 1968—69 period, increases in average salaries for 10 of the 11 occupational groups in which comparisons could be made ranged from 5. 3 to 7 .2 percent. Increases were generally higher than had been recorded for any other year period since 1961—62, when the Bureau began measuring occupational wage trends on a national basis.

To examine the changes in salaries that have occurred since 1961 for different levels of work, all of the occupational classifications were grouped into the three broad categories described in the tabulation which follows. The year-to-year percent increases for each

Percent increases in average salaries

1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1961

Work level categories 1to to to to to to to to to

1969 1968 1967 2 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1969

Group A (GS grades 1 -4in appendix D )________________________ 5.5 5.1 4 .5 2.9 2. 2 2.7 2.7 2.8 32. 2

Group B (GS grades 5-10in appendix D )________________________ — 6.5 5.8 4.8 3.7 3. 3 2.6 4.0 2. 6 38. 5

Group C (GS grades 11-15in appendix D )____________________________ 5. 9

3 Work levels used for computing 1968 to 1969

4.7

increases

4. 1

are:

4. 2 4. 2 3.5 3.7 3.5 39.3

Group A —All levels of accounting clerks, file clerks, keypunch operators, stenographers, switchboard operators, tabulating-machine operators, and typists; and office boys or girls, secretaries I, draftsmen-tracers, draftsmen I, and engineering technicians I and II.

Group B—Accountants I, II, and III; auditors I, II, and III; buyers I, II, and III; chemists I, II, and III; draftsmen II and III; engineers I, II, and III; engineering technicians III, IV, and V; job analysts II and III; and secretariesII, III, and IV.

Group C—Accountants IV and V; auditors IV; buyers IV; chemists IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII; chief accountants I, II,III, and IV; directors of personnel I, II, III, and IV; engineers IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII; and job analysts IV.

2 The 1966-67 percent changes shown in the 1968 survey report have been prorated to reflect a 12-month period. Because of the change in survey timing in 1967, survey-to-survey percent changes related to a period of more than 1 year (see footnote 1 of the preceding tabulation). The percent increases for each of the 3 groups based on the full period between surveys were:

Group A —6.0; group B --6 .0 ; and group C —5.1. The 1961-69 increases were obtained by linking together the eight 12-month increases.


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group were determined by adding average salaries for all occupations in the group for 2 consecutive years, and dividing the later sum by the earlier sum. The resultant relative, less 100, shows the percent of increase. Changes in the scope of the survey or in the occupational definitions were incorporated into the series as soon as two comparable periods were available. The 8-year trends were obtained by linking changes for the individual periods.

From 1961 through 1966, average salaries increased more for group C than for groups A and B. Beginning with 1966—67, however, while all three groups showed successively higher year-to-year increases, group B reported larger increases than either group A or C.

Beginning with the 1965—66 period, pay for entry and developmental level professional and administrative positions increased at a faster pace than for clerical, technical support, or experienced professional and administrative positions, and is at a higher level relative to the 1961 base than salaries for the other groups. By grouping survey occupational levels into the four categories mentioned above, differences in the rate of change in average salaries since 1961 can be illustrated.6 Relative salary levels were computed in the same manner as the percent increases in the foregoing table and were plotted using a ratio scale. (See chart 2.)

Experienced professional and administrative

Chart 2. Rates of Salary Changes for Selected Occupational Groups, 1961-69

Occupational indexes (1961 = 100)150

140

120

110

100

Ratio scaleTechnical support Clerical

Beginning and developmental professional and administrative

1961 1963 1965 1967 1969

Average salaries of clerical and technical support workers increased over the 8-year period by practically identical percentage amounts, but have not maintained pace with salaries for the two professional and administrative occupational groups. For the clerical and technical

Work levels used for computing 1968-69 increases were:Clerical - All clerical levels for which data are shown in table 1.Technical support - All levels of draftsmen and engineering technicians for which data are shown in table 1.Beginning and developmental professional and administrative - Accountants I and II; auditors I and II; job analysts II; chemists

I and II; and engineers I and II.Experienced professional and administrative - Accountants III, IV, and V; auditors III and IV; chief accountants I, II, III, and IV; job

analysts III and IV; directors of personnel I, II, III, and IV; chemists III, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII; and engineers III, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII.A few survey levels, not readily identifiable with any of the four occupational categories, were not used.The 1966-67 increases were prorated to a 12-month period. A change in survey timing in 1967 resulted in a longer period

between surveys.


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support groups, salaries increased at an average annual rate of 3.6 percent over the period. For the two professional and administrative categories, the average rates of increase were 4. 2 percent for the experienced group and 4. 6 percent for the beginning and developmental employee group.

Changes in average salaries reflect not only general salary increases and merit or other increases given to individuals while in the same work level category, but they also may reflect other factors such as employee turnover, expansions or reductions in the work force, and changes in staffing patterns within establishments with different salary levels. For example, an expansion in force may increase the proportion of employees at the minimum of the salary range established for a work level, which would tend to lower the average, whereas, a reduction or a low turnover in the work force may have the opposite effect. Similarly, year-to-year promotions of employees to higher work levels of professional and administrative occupations may affect average salaries, lowering or raising the average. For example, the established salary ranges for such occupations are relatively wide, and promoted employees, who may have been paid the maximum of the salary scale for the lower level, are likely to be replaced by less experienced employees who may be paid the minimum; or vacancies may exist at the time of the resurvey. Occupations most likely to reflect such changes in the salary averages are the higher levels of professional and administrative occupations and single-incumbent positions such as chief accountant and director of personnel. 7

Average Salaries, June 1969

Average monthly salaries for the occupations included in this report ranged from $324 for file clerks I to $2,452 for the top level of attorney surveyed (table 1). These extremes reflect the wide range of duties and responsibilities represented by the occupational work levels surveyed. Average salaries for the occupational levels, and a brief indication of the duties and responsibilities they represent, are summarized in the following paragraphs. 8

Among the five levels of accountants surveyed, average monthly salaries ranged from $667 for accountants I to $1, 198 for accountants V. Auditors in the four levels defined for survey had average salaries ranging from $697 a month for auditors I to $ 1,094 for auditors IV. Level I in both the accounting and auditing series included trainees who had bachelor*s degrees in accounting or the equivalent in education and experience combined. At each corresponding level, average salaries were higher for auditors than for accountants. For level III, the most heavily populated group in both series, monthly salaries averaged $836 for accountants and $894 for auditors. Whereas almost 70 percent of the accountants were employed in manufacturing, this industry division employed slightly less than 40 percent of the auditors. 9 Other industry divisions which accounted for large numbers of auditors were finance, insurance, and real estate (29 percent), and public utilities (17 percent). The proportion of employees in each major industry division within scope of the survey is shown by occupation in table 7 and presented graphically in chart 5, page 13.

Chief accountants were surveyed separately from accountants and included those who develop or adapt and direct the accounting program for a company or an establishment (plant) of a company. Level classification was determined by the extent of delegated authority and responsibility; the technical complexity of the system; and, to a lesser degree, the size of the professional staff directed. Chief accountants at level I, who have authority to adapt the accounting system, established at higher levels, to meet the needs of an establishment of a company with relatively few and stable functions and work processes (directing one or two accountants), averaged $1, 101 a month. Chief accountants IV, 10 who have authority to establish and maintain the accounting program, subject to general policy guidelines, for a

These types of occupations also may be subject to greater sampling error, as explained in the last paragraph of appendix A.8 Classification of employees in the occupations and work levels surveyed was based on factors detailed in the definitions in

appendix C.9 Establishments primarily engaged in providing accounting and auditing services were excluded from the survey.10 Although level V was surveyed, as defined in appendix C, too few employees met requirements for this level to warrant

presentation of salary figures.


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company with numerous and varied functions and work processes (directing as many as 40 accountants), averaged $1,716 a month. Almost three-fifths of the chief accountants who met the requirements of the definitions for these four levels were employed in manufacturing industries and one-sixth were in the finance, insurance, and real estate division.

Attorneys were classified into six levels based upon the difficulty of their assignments and their responsibilities. 11 Attorneys I which included new law graduates with bar membership and those performing work that was relatively uncomplicated due to clearly applicable precedents and well established facts averaged $918 a month. Attorneys in the top level surveyed, level VI, earned an average of $2,452 a month. 12 These attorneys dealt with legal matters of critical importance to their organizations, and were usually subordinate only to the general counsel or his immediate deputy in very large firms. Finance, insurance, and real estate industries employed almost one-half of the attorneys; manufacturing industries employed one-fourth; and a high proportion of the remainder were employed in public utilities (almost one-fifth).

Buyers averaged $656 a month at level I, which included those who purchased "off- the-shelf" and readily available items and services from local sources. Buyers III, who purchased specialized and technical items, materials, or services were paid monthly salaries averaging $912. Buyers V, who averaged $ 1,306, purchased unusually large quantities, or items of extraordinary technical complexity or unusually high value. Manufacturing industries accounted for 86 percent of the buyers in the five levels.

In the personnel management field, four work levels of job analysts and five levels of directors of personnel were studied. 13 Job analysts I, defined to include trainees under immediate supervision, averaged $678, compared with $ 1,069 for job analysts IV, who analyze and evaluate a variety of the more difficult jobs under general supervision and who may participate in the development and installation of evaluation or compensation systems. Directors of personnel were limited by definition to those who had programs that included, at a minimum, responsibility for administering a job evaluation system, employment and placement functions, and employee relations and services functions. Those with significant responsibility for actual contract negotiation with labor unions as the principal company representative were excluded. Provisions were made in the definition for weighing various combinations of duties and responsibilities to determine the level classification. Among personnel directors with job functions as specified for the four levels of responsibility, average monthly salaries ranged from $987 for level I to $1,715 for level IV. Manufacturing industries accounted for 7 1 percent of both the job analysts and directors of personnel included in the study; the finance, insurance, and real estate industries ranked next, with 18 percent of the job analysts and 12 percent of the directors of personnel.

Chemists and engineers each were surveyed in eight levels. Both series started with a professional trainee level, typically requiring a B. S. degree. The highest level surveyed involved either full responsibility over a very broad and highly complex and diversified engineering or chemical program, with several subordinates each directing large and important segments of the program; or individual research and consultation in difficult problem areas where the engineer or chemist was a recognized authority and where solutions would represent a major scientific or technological advance. 14 Average monthly salaries ranged from $805 for engineers I to $2,002 for engineers VIII, and from $728 for chemists I to $2,258 for chemists VIII. Although, at level I, the average salaries of engineers exceeded those for chemists by 11 percent, at level IV the difference narrowed to 4 percent, and at level VIII, the average salaries of chemists exceeded those for engineers by 13 percent. Level IV, the largest group in each series, included professional employees who were fully competent in all technical aspects of their assignments, worked with considerable independence, and, in some cases, supervised a few professional and technical workers. Manufacturing industries accounted for 80 percent of all engineers and 91 percent of all chemists; public utilities, 9 and less than 2 percent, respectively; and the surveyed engineering and scientific services employed virtually all of the others.

** Establishments primarily engaged in offering legal advice or legal services were excluded from the survey.12 See appendix B for changes in attorney definitions adopted in the current survey.13 Although directors of personnel V were surveyed, as defined in appendix D, too few employees met requirements for this

level to warrant presentation of salary figures.14 It was recognized in the definition that top positions of some companies with unusually extensive and complex engineering

or chemical programs were above that level.


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By definition, the five-level series for engineering technicians was limited to employees providing semiprofessional technical support to engineers engaged in such areas as research, design, development, testing, or manufacturing process improvement, and whose work pertained to electrical, electronic, or mechanical components or equipment. Technicians engaged primarily in production or maintenance work were excluded. Engineering technicians I, who performed simple, routine tasks under close supervision, or from detailed procedures, were paid monthly salaries averaging $495. Engineering technicians V, the highest level surveyed, averaged $860 a month. That level included fully experienced technicians performing more complex assignments involving responsibility for planning and conducting a complete project of relatively limited scope, or a portion of a larger and more diverse project, in accordance with objectives, requirements, and design approaches as outlined by the supervisor or a professional engineer. Averages for intermediate levels III and IV, at which a majority of the technicians surveyed were classified, were $670 and $775, respectively. As might be expected, nearly all of the technicians as defined were employed in manufacturing (76 percent) and in the scientific services industries studied (17 percent). Although the ratio of such technicians to engineers studied was about 1 to 4 in all manufacturing industries, higher ratios of approximately 1 to 3 were found in establishments manufacturing mechanical and electrical equipment and 1 to 2 in research, development, and testing laboratories.

In the drafting field, the definitions used in the survey covered four levels of work— draftsmen-tracers, and draftsmen I, II, and III. Monthly salaries averaged $442 for draftsmen-tracers and ranged from $538 to $813 among the three levels of draftsmen. Draftsmen-tracers copy plans and drawings prepared by others or prepare simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items. The three draftsmen levels as defined ranged from employees preparing detail drawings of single units or parts (level I) to those who, working in close support with the design originator, plan the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features, and either prepare or direct the preparation of the drawings (level III). The drafting employees were distributed by industry in about the same proportion as engineers, with 78 percent in manufacturing, 7 percent in public utilities, and 13 percent in the selected engineering and scientific services industries studied.

Among the 21 clerical jobs included in this study, average monthly salaries for secretaries, the most heavily populated clerical occupation studied, ranged from $489 at level I to $641 at level IV. For other large groups, average salaries of $433 and $490 were reported for general and senior stenographers; $412 and $537 for accounting clerks land II; and the two levels of typists averaged $371 and $430. Generally, average salaries for clerical workers were highest in public utilities and manufacturing industries and lowest in the finance, insurance, and real estate, and retail trade divisions. Employment in manufacturing exceeded that in any of the nonmanufacturing divisions within scope of the survey in 16 of the 21 clerical work levels; highest employment totals in the other five levels were in the finance, insurance, and real estate division. Women accounted for 95 percent or more of the employees in 14 of the clerical work levels, and men accounted for one-half or more in three (tabulating-machine operators II and III, and office boys or girls).

Median monthly salaries (the amount below and above which 50 percent of the employees were found) for most of the work levels were slightly lower than the weighted averages (means) cited above (i. e. , the salaries in the upper halves of the arrays had a greater effect on the averages than did the salaries in the lower halves). The relative difference between the median and the mean was less than 3 percent for 60 of the 78 work levels and as much as 3 but less than 5 percent in 17 additional levels. The weighted average salary for chemist VIII exceeded the median by 6. 6 percent.

Salary Levels in Metropolitan Areas

In most of the occupational work levels, average salaries for employees in metropolitan areas (table 2) were either identical to or slightly higher than average salaries for employees in all establishments within full scope of the survey (table 1). Employment in the survey occupations in metropolitan areas accounted for almost nine-tenths of the total nationwide employment reported in these occupations. The proportions varied, however, among occupations and work levels. Nearly all of the attorneys at each level, for example, were employed in metropolitan areas, whereas the proportion of chief accountants and directors


9

of personnel for all levels combined was approximately four-fifths and seven-tenths, respectively, with a smaller proportion at the lowest levels. In 63 of the 78 work levels studied, 85 percent or more of the employment was in metropolitan areas. It is apparent, therefore, that although average salaries usually were lower in the nonmetropolitan counties, in those work levels in which nearly all of the employment was in metropolitan areas, nonmetropolitan counties could have little effect upon the averages for all establishments combined. Only in five of the 78 work levels studied were average salaries more than 1.5 (but not more than 3. 0) percent higher in metropolitan areas than in all areas combined; in all of these cases the proportion of the total employment within nonmetropolitan counties ranged approximately between one-tenth and one-third.

Increases in average salaries in metropolitan area establishments from June 1968 to June 1969 were within one-half percentage point of increases reported for all areas studied in 58 of the 70 levels for which year-to-year increases were reported. The year-to-year increases in metropolitan areas compared with all areas were larger for 40, smaller for 25 levels, and the same for five.

Salary Levels in Large Establishments

It was possible to present separate data for 72 of the 78 occupation work levels for all establishments with 2,500 employees or more (table 3). Comparisons between employments and relative salary levels in these establishments and all establishments combined also are presented. Establishments employing 2, 500 or more accounted for almost three- eighths of the total employment in professional, administrative, supervisory, and clerical occupations within scope of the survey, and nearly two-fifths of total employment in the selected occupations studied. Large establishments accounted for varying proportions of total employment in the 72 occupational work levels shown in table 3, ranging from 16 to 75 percent (directors of personnel III and job analysts IV, respectively).

The salary levels in large establishments, expressed as a percent of levels in all establishments combined ranged from 99 for buyers IV, job analysts III, and chemists VII and VIII to 116 for directors of personnel III. As shown in the following tabulation, salary averages for large establishments exceeded the all establishment averages by 5 percent or more in 19 of 21 clerical jobs, but in only 19 of 51 nonclerical jobs.

Number of job categoriesPay levels in large establishments as Professional,

percent of all administrative,establishment average and technical Clerical

T o ta l----------------------------------------------- 51 21

95-100 ------------------------------ -------- --------------- 41 0 1 -1 0 4 ........................................- ................... 28 2105-109 - ............................................................. 13 11110 and ov er--------------------------------------------- 6 8

The relative salary levels in large establishments tended to be highest for work levels in which such establishments accounted for the smallest proportion of the total employment. Thus, while the degree of employment concentration in large establishments ranged from 17 to 43 percent for clerical jobs, these firms contributed 40 percent or more of the employment in almost three-fifths of the nonclerical jobs.

Salary Distributions

Percent distributions of employees by monthly salaries are presented for the professional and administrative occupations in table 4, and for engineering technicians in table 5; distributions by weekly salaries are shown for employees in drafting and clerical occupations


10

in table 6. 15 Within almost all of the 78 occupation work levels, salary rates for some of the highest paid employees were twice those of the lowest paid employees. The absolute spread between highest and lowest paid workers within given work levels tended to widen with each successive work level for most occupations in which two levels or more were surveyed. All occupations in which two levels or more of work were surveyed showed a substantial degree of overlapping of individual salaries between work levels in the same occupation. Ranges in salary rates of employees in established pay grades or work levels within salary structures of individual firms also exhibited substantial overlapping.

The middle 50 and 80 percent of the range, and the median salary for each occupation work level have been charted (charts 3 and 4) to point up occupational pay relationships as well as the typically greater degree of salary dispersion associated with the higher work levels in each occupational series.

Distribution of work levels by degree of dispersion (salary range of middle 50 percent of employees

expressed as a percent of median salary)_____

15 20 25and and and 30

Under under under under andOccupational group Total 15 20 25 30 over

All levels----------------------------- 78 3 23 33 18 i

Accountants----------------------------------- 5 4 1Auditors---------------------------------------- 4 4Chief accountants-------------------------- 4 3 1Attorneys--------------------------------------- 6 3 3Buyers-------------------------------------------- 5 1 4Job analysts----------------------------------- 4 3 1Directors of personnel------------------- 4 2 2Chemists -------------------------------------- 8 5 1 1 iEngineers-------------------------------------- 8 3 4 1Engineering technicians----------------- 5 4 1Drafting---------------------------------------- 4 1 2 1Clerical ---------------------------------------- 21 1 10 10

Expressing the salary range of the middle 50 percent of employees in each work level as a percent of the median salary permitted comparison of salary ranges on the same basis and eliminated extreme low and high salaries from each comparison. As shown in the tabulation, the degree of dispersion was between 15 and 30 percent of the median salary in all but four work levels (8. 9, 10. 9, and 14. 9 for engineers I, II, and III, respectively, and33. 1 for chemists VIII). This relative spread tended to be smaller for the professional, administrative, and engineering technician work levels than for the clerical and drafting levels studied.

Differences in the range of salaries paid individuals within work levels surveyed reflect a variety of factors other than differences in the range of duties and responsibilities encompassed by the various work level definitions. Two of these factors are salary structures within establishments which provide for a range of rates for each grade level and regional variations, particularly in the clerical levels (clerical employees are usually recruited locally, while the job field tends to be broader regionally, often national in scope, for the professional and administrative occupations). 16 As pointed out earlier (and indicated in table 7 and chart 5), employment in the various industries within the scope of the survey varies considerably from occupation to occupation. These variations in employment are reflected also in salary levels and distributions to the extent that salaries differ by industry, as explained in the following section.

15 Technical considerations dictated the summarization of employee distributions by weekly salaries in the case of the drafting and clerical jobs.

For an analysis of interarea pay differentials in clerical salaries, see Wages and Related Benefits. Part II: MetropolitanAreas. United States and Regional Summaries. 1967-68 (BLS Bulletin 1575-87, 1969).


11

Chart 3. Salaries in Professional and Technical Occupations, June 1969

Median Monthly Salaries and Ranges Within Which Fell 50 Percent and 80 Percent of Employees

0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000


12

Chart 4. Salaries in Administrative and Clerical Occupations, June 1969

Median Monthly Salaries and Ranges Within Which Fell 50 Percent and 80 Percent of Employees

0 $400 $800 $1,200 $1,600 $2,000 $2,400 $2,800


1 3

Chart 5. Relative Employment in Selected Occupational Groups by Industry Division, June 1969

OCCUPATIONALGROUPS 0

PERCENT

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Accountants and chief accountants

Auditors

Attorneys

Buyers

Directors of personnel and job analysts

Chemists

Engineers

Engineering technicians and draftsmen

Clerical employees

i l i i l l Manufacturing

Public Utilities

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

■ Trade and I Selected Services


14

Pay Differences by Industry

The survey was planned to permit publication of national salary estimates by level of work. By combining the data for all levels of work studied in each occupation, it was possible to present comparisons between relative salary levels in major industry divisions and all industries combined (table 8). To obtain relative salary levels, the all-industry employment in each work level was used as a constant employment weight to compute aggregates in each industry division to eliminate the influence of differences among industry divisions in the proportion of employment in various work levels. The industry division aggregates for work levels within an occupation were combined and expressed as percentages of the corresponding aggregates in all industries combined.

The relative salary levels for most of the professional, administrative, engineering technician,and drafting occupations tended to be nearest 100 percent of the all-industry levels in manufacturing industries which had 58 to 91 percent of the employees in 9 of the 11 occupations. Relative salary levels in public utilities and manufacturing industries generally kept pace. For engineers, however, the figures were 96 percent for public utilities, 101 percent for manufacturing, and 97 percent for selected services. Conversely, for engineering technicians, public utilities showed a relative salary of 106, while manufacturing reported 99, and selected services were 101. Relative salary levels for 8 of the 9 clerical occupations were highest in the public utilities industries.

For all of the clerical occupations studied, and for a majority of the professional and administrative occupations in which comparisons could be made, relative salary levels were lower in retail trade and in finance, insurance, and real estate than in other industry divisions. It is apparent, therefore, that in those occupations in which retail trade and the finance industries include a substantial proportion of the total employment, the average salaries for all industries combined are lowered, and the relative levels in industries such as manufacturing and public utilities tend to be well above 100 percent of the all-industry level. For example, relative pay levels for file clerks of 108 percent in manufacturing and 120 percent in public utilities reflect the influence of lower salaries for the high proportion (55 percent) of all-industry employment included in the finance industries. The finance industries, however, also reported lower average scheduled weekly hours than in the other industries surveyed, as shown in table 9.

Average Scheduled Weekly Hours

The length of the scheduled workweek, on which the regular straight-time salary was based, was obtained for individual employees in the occupations studied. When individual weekly hours were not available, particularly for some higher level professional and administrative positions, the predominant workweek of the office work force was used as the scheduled workweek. The distribution of average weekly hours (rounded to the nearest half hour) is presented in table 9 for all work levels of each occupation combined in major industry divisions surveyed. Average weekly hours were lower in finance, insurance, and real estate than in the other industry divisions. Thus, in finance industries, workweeks averaged 38 hours for a majority of the occupations, compared to 39 or 39. 5 hours in the remaining industries surveyed. 17

17 For additional information on scheduled weekly hours of office workers employed in metropolitan areas, see Wages and Related Benefits, Part I: 85 Metropolitan Areas, 1967-68 (BLS Bulletin 1575-87, 1969).


15

Table 1. Average Salaries: United States

(E m p lo y m en t and a v e ra g e s a la r ie s fo r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , and c l e r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s in p r iv a te in d u s t ry , 1 U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la sk a a n d H a w a ii, Ju n e 1969,

and p e rc e n t in c r e a s e in m ea n s a la r ie s d u r in g th e y e a r 2)

O cc u p a tio n and c la s s (See d e fin i tio n s in a p p e n d ix C)

N u m b e rof

e m p lo y e e s 3

M onth ly s a l a r i e s 4 A nnual s a l a r i e s 4 P e r c e n tin c r e a s e

inm e a n

s a l a r i e s 2M ean M ed ian

M idd le ra n g e 5M ean M edian

M idd le ra n g e 5F i r s t

q u a r t i leT h ird

q u a r t i leF i r s t


q u a r t i le

A c c o u n tan ts and a u d ito r s

A c c o u n ta n ts 1 . . . ____ . . . . . . . . . . . . ____ ____. . . . . . . . 5, 579 $667 $668 $61 7 $ 7 1 7 $ 8 ,0 0 2 $ 8 , 016 $ 7 ,4 0 4 $ 8 , 604 7 .4A c c o u n tan ts I I ________________________________ 11, 138 751 750 683 820 9, 013 9, 000 8, 196 9, 840 8. 9A c c o u n tan ts I I I _______________________________ 2 4 ,5 5 0 836 825 750 910 10 ,0 2 9 9, 900 9, 000 10, 920 7. 1A c c o u n tan ts I V _______________________________ 16, 629 997 990 900 1, 083 11, 967 11, 880 10 ,800 12, 996 6. 2A c c o u n ta n ts V ________________________________ 6 ,4 5 1 1, 198 1, 187 1,065 1, 311 14 ,3 7 3 14, 244 12, 780 15 ,7 3 2 6. 2

A u d i to rs I ___ ______________________________ 719 697 673 625 778 8, 367 8, 076 7, 500 9, 336 9 .4A u d ito rs I I____________________________________ 1, 848 774 750 691 850 9, 287 9, 000 8, 292 10,200 6. 7A u d ito r s I I I ___________________________________ 4, 193 894 875 793 976 10, 726 10 ,500 9, 516 11, 712 7. 5A u d i to rs I V ___________________________________ 2, 295 1, 094 1, 083 982 1, 200 13, 125 12, 996 11 ,784 14, 400 6. 7

C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts I __________________________ 731 1, 101 1, 052 958 1, 250 13, 212 12, 624 11 ,4 9 6 15, 000 7. 5C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts I I --------------------------------------- 1, 288 1, 220 1, 208 1, 085 1, 333 14 ,6 3 7 14 ,4 9 6 13 ,0 2 0 15, 996 3. 6C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts I I I _________________________ 756 1,476 1 ,4 6 5 1, 300 1, 625 17, 714 17, 580 15, 600 19 ,500 6. 9C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts I V -------------------------------------- 325 1,716 1, 740 1, 500 1, 848 20, 586 20, 880 18 ,0 0 0 22, 176 8. 1

A tto rn e y s

A tto rn e y s I___________________________________ 568 918 875 824 999 11,020 10, 500 9, 888 11, 988 (‘ )A t to rn e y s I I ___ _________ _________ _____ 1, 316 1, 065 1, 050 916 1, 195 12, 780 12, 600 10, 992 14, 340 ( ‘ )A t to rn e y s III ------------------------------------------------ 1, 640 1, 323 1, 309 1, 150 1 ,4 5 8 15, 879 15, 708 13, 800 17 ,4 9 6 ( ‘ )A t to rn e y s I V ______ ________ _______________ 1, 626 1,597 1, 570 1, 337 1, 749 19, 163 18, 840 16, 044 20, 988 (*)A tto rn e y s V __________________________________ 655 1, 974 1, 920 1, 749 2, 166 23, 685 23, 040 20, 988 25, 992 *)A tto rn e y s V I _____________________________ __ 469 2 ,4 5 2 2, 395 2, 042 2, 750 29 ,4 2 1 28, 740 24, 504 33, 000 ( ‘ )

B u y e rs

B u y e rs I ______________________________________ 2, 708 656 650 583 715 7, 877 7, 800 6 ,9 9 6 8, 580 7. 3B u y e rs I I _____________________________________ 9, 884 772 760 685 842 9 ,2 6 9 9, 120 8, 220 10, 104 7. 0B u y e rs III ............................................ .... .................. 13, 809 9 1 2 902 817 1, 000 10, 942 10, 824 9, 804 12, 000 6. 6B u y e r s I V ________________________________ — 4, 909 1,096 1, 080 978 1, 208 13, 151 12, 960 1 1 ,7 3 6 14 ,4 9 6 5. 8B u y e rs V ---------------------------------------------------- 234 1, 306 1, 250 1, 181 1, 404 15, 675 15, 000 14 ,1 7 2 16, 848 (T)

P e r s o n n e l m a n a g e m e n t

Jo b a n a ly s ts I _______________________________ 129 678 683 600 760 8, 137 8, 196 7, 200 9, 120 ( 7)Jo b a n a ly s ts I I ------- -------------------------------------- 319 757 750 695 835 9 ,0 8 1 9, 000 8, 340 10, 020 3. 0Jo b a n a ly s ts I I I _______________________________ 648 883 890 800 963 10 ,595 10, 680 9, 600 11, 556 1. 9Jo b a n a ly s ts I V . ____________________________ 573 1,069 1, 077 963 1, 165 12, 830 12, 924 1 1 ,5 5 6 13, 980 2. 0

D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I _____________________ 1, 101 987 980 850 1, 077 11, 847 11, 760 10,200 12, 924 7 .4D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I I ------------------------------- 2, 105 1, 160 1, 125 1, 020 1, 250 13, 925 13, 500 12, 240 15, 000 5 .4D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I I I ___ ______________ 1, 142 1, 395 1, 355, 1, 211 1, 575 16, 738 16, 260 1 4 ,5 3 2 18, 900 4. 6D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I V ___________________ 409 1, 715 1, 666 1 ,491 1, 925 20, 585 19, 992 17, 892 23, 100 4 .4

C h e m is ts and e n g in e e rs

C h e m is ts I ____ ______________________________ 1,949 728 735 660 785 8, 736 8, 820 7, 920 9 ,4 2 0 8 .4C h e m is ts I I --------------------------------------- ----------- 4, 577 802 800 733 860 9, 626 9, 600 8, 796 10, 320 7. 8C h e m is ts I I I ---------------------------------------------------- 9, 084 922 900 833 1, 000 11 ,0 6 3 10 ,8 0 0 9, 996 12, 000 8. 6C h e m is ts I V _________________________________ 11 ,0 5 9 1, 113 1, 095 990 1, 235 13, 359 13, 140 11 ,8 8 0 14, 820 4. 8C h e m is ts V ___________________________________ 8, 797 1, 340 1, 333 1, 208 1, 470 16 ,080 15 ,9 9 6 1 4 ,4 9 6 17, 640 5 .4C h e m is ts VI ____________ __________ __________ 4 ,4 8 6 1, 544 1, 540 1,399 1, 683 18, 529 18 ,4 8 0 1 6 ,7 8 8 20, 196 7. 0C h e m is ts V I I --------------------------------------------------- 1, 848 1, 873 1, 805 1, 627 2, 083 2 2 ,4 7 3 21, 660 19, 524 2 4 ,9 9 6 9. 3C h e m is ts V III------------- ------- ----------------------- 534 2, 258 2, 118 1, 916 2, 616 27, 092 2 5 ,4 1 6 22,992 31, 392 6. 6

E n g in e e r s I ----------------- ------- ----------------------- 13, 848 805 808 773 845 9, 662 9, 696 9, 276 10, 140 7. 1E n g in e e r s I I ------------ ------------------------------------- 34, 224 871 869 824 919 10 ,4 5 5 10, 428 9, 888 11, 028 7. 0E n g in e e r s III ------------------------------------------------ 88, 587 975 975 900 1, 045 11,701 11, 700 10, 800 12, 540 6. 7E n g in e e r s I V _________________________________ 121, 882 1, 158 1, 150 1,054 1, 251 13, 893 13 ,8 0 0 12, 648 15, 012 6. 1E n g in e e r s V ________________________ _________ 79, 139 1, 342 1, 330 1 ,2 1 6 1,451 16, 107 15, 960 1 4 ,5 9 2 1 7 ,4 1 2 5. 8E n g in e e r s V I_________________________________ 4 1 , 032 1, 548 1, 540 1,400 1, 680 18, 5 77 18 ,4 8 0 16, 800 20, 160 7 .0E n g in e e r s V I I -------------------------------------------------- 14 ,953 1, 767 1, 755 1, 586 1, 926 21, 199 21, 060 19 ,0 3 2 23, 112 4. 9E n g in e e r s VIII -------------- — ---------------------- 3 ,4 6 6 2, 002 1, 950 1, 761 2, 173 2 4 ,0 2 0 2 3 ,4 0 0 21, 132 26, 076 3. 2

E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s

E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s I ___ _ — ________ 6, 100 495 498 443 547 5 ,9 4 2 5, 976 5, 316 6, 564 6 .4E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s II _______________ 15, 752 584 582 526 633 7 ,0 1 1 6, 984 6 ,3 1 2 7 ,5 9 6 5. 3E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s I I I __ — ---------------- 28, 185 670 665 608 726 8, 040 7, 980 7 ,2 9 6 8, 712 5. 8E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s I V --------------------------- 32, 337 775 765 704 840 9, 300 9, 180 8 ,4 4 8 10 ,0 8 0 6. 1E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s V — --------------------- 16, 903 860 850 791 925 10, 321 10, 200 9 ,4 9 2 11, 100 5 .4

See fo o tn o te s a t end of tab le .


16

Table 1. Average Salaries: United States— Continued

(E m p lo y m e n t and a v e ra g e s a l a r i e s fo r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , an d c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s in p r iv a te in d u s t ry , 1 U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a an d H aw aii, Ju n e 1969,

and p e rc e n t i n c r e a s e in m e a n s a l a r i e s d u r in g th e y e a r 2)

O c c u p a tio n and c la s s (See d e f in i tio n s in a p p e n d ix C)

N u m b e rof

e m p lo y e e s 3

M o nth ly s a l a r i e s 4 A n n u a l s a l a r i e s 4 P e r c e n tin c r e a s e

inm ea n

s a la r ie s 2M ean M ed ian

M idd le ra n g e 5M ean M ed ian

M idd le ra n g e 5F i r s t


q u a r t i leF i r s t


q u a r t i le

D ra f ts m e n

D r a f t s m e n - t r a c e r s ------------ ---------------------- 5, 818 $44 2 $ 4 2 8 $38 2 $ 491 $ 5, 301 $ 5 , 131 $ 4 , 579 $ 5 , 897 7. 1D ra f ts m e n I ____________________ — -------------- 21, 501 538 530 4 66 598 6 ,4 54 6, 361 5, 589 7, 175 5. 6D ra f ts m e n II __________________________________ 3 4 ,2 9 2 666 659 591 735 7, 988 7, 913 7, 091 8, 818 5. 8D ra f ts m e n I I I _________________________________ 28, 689 813 795 723 878 9, 755 9, 542 8, 674 10, 532 5. 7

C le r ic a l

C le rk s , a c c o u n tin g I ---------------------------------------- 89, 004 412 395 350 453 4, 941 4 , 739 4, 199 5 ,4 3 6 4. 9C le rk s , a c c o u n tin g II ------------------------------------- 57, 324 537 525 458 607 6 ,4 4 8 6, 299 5 ,4 9 5 7, 285 4. 4C le rk s , f ile I --------------------------------------------------- 31, 134 324 313 293 34 5 3, 883 3, 754 3, 519 4, 139 5. 7C le rk s , f ile I I ________________________________ 2 9 ,4 8 8 361 34 8 317 388 4 , 328 4 , 171 3, 806 4, 661 5. 3C le rk s , f ile i n ________________________________ 8, 978 443 430 374 500 5, 320 5, 159 4 ,4 84 5, 996 5. 2K ey p u n ch o p e ra to r s I -------- ---- -------------------- 62, 838 400 387 348 435 4, 797 4 , 640 4, 171 5, 219 5. 1K ey p u n ch o p e ra to r s I I ------------------------------------- 4 5 , 568 457 450 403 504 5 ,4 8 2 5, 396 4, 839 6, 048 5. 6O ffice bo y s o r g i r l s ----------------------------------------- 28, 066 357 343 313 384 4, 279 4, 119 3, 754 4 , 609 6. 7S e c r e t a r i e s I ------------- — ------- --------- — 87, 275 489 483 433 54 3 5, 869 5, 798 5, 191 6, 518 5. 5S e c r e t a r i e s II ----------------- ------------------------------ 82, 602 549 543 482 614 6, 586 6, 518 5, 788 7, 366 5. 0S e c r e t a r i e s III — ---- ------- — ------- — 48, 037 586 584 505 655 7, 032 7, 008 6, 059 7, 863 5. 1S e c r e t a r i e s I V ___________ ____ ________ ___ 15,051 641 630 551 725 7, 697 7, 560 6, 611 8, 698 5. 9S te n o g ra p h e rs , g e n e r a l ----------------------------------- 71, 379 433 424 374 481 5, 192 5, 084 4 ,4 8 4 5, 771 6. 8S te n o g ra p h e rs , s e n io r _______________________ 56, 212 490 480 4 25 553 5, 884 5, 759 5, 106 6, 631 4. 8S w itc h b o a rd o p e ra to r s I ______________________ 14 ,0 3 5 402 391 346 452 4, 822 4, 693 4, 151 5 ,4 2 3 5. 1S w itc h b o a rd o p e ra to r s II -------------------------------- 10, 826 4 74 469 416 528 5, 689 5, 631 4, 991 6, 340 4. 5T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I --------------------- 5, 297 418 402 360 465 5, 021 4, 823 4, 317 5, 579 6. 8T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e ra to r s I I ------------------- 10, 130 505 494 435 565 6, 060 5, 927 5, 219 6, 782 4. 9T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I I I ------------------ 5, 058 614 604 546 673 7, 371 7, 24 3 6, 550 8, 082 5. 2T y p is ts I ---------------------------------------------------------- 85, 292 371 361 326 400 4 ,4 5 1 4, 328 3, 911 4, 799 5. 8T y p is ts I I _____________________________________ 4 5 ,4 0 9 430 417 378 470 5, 155 5, 005 4, 536 5, 639 5. 4

1 F o r s co p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A .2 F o r l im ita t io n s of p e rc e n t in c r e a s e in a v e ra g e s a la r ie s a s a m e a s u r e of ch an g e in s a la r y s c a l e s , s e e p . 6 o f te x t.3 O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a te s r e l a te to th e to ta l in a l l e s ta b l is h m e n ts w ith in sco p e o f th e s u rv e y an d n o t to th e n u m b e r a c tu a l ly s u r

v e y e d . F o r f u r th e r e x p la n a tio n , s e e p. 33.4 S a l a r i e s r e p o r te d r e l a te to th e s ta n d a r d s a l a r i e s th a t w e re p a id fo r s ta n d a rd w o rk s c h e d u le s ; i . e . , th e s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r y c o rre s p o n d in g

to th e e m p lo y e e 's n o r m a l w o rk sc h e d u le ex c lu d in g o v e r t im e h o u r s . N o n p ro d u c tio n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , b u t c o s t- o f - l iv in g p a y m e n ts and in c e n tiv ee a rn in g s a r e in c lu d ed .

* T he m id d le ra n g e ( in te rq u a r t i le ) u s e d h e re is th e c e n t r a l p a r t of the a r r a y ex c lu d in g the u p p e r and lo w e r fo u r th s of th e e m p lo y e e d is t r ib u t io n .6 B e c a u se of c h a n g e s in th e n u m b e r and d e fin i tio n s of le v e ls b e tw e en s u rv e y s , y e a r - to - y e a r c o m p a r is o n s fo r a t to r n e y s co u ld n o t be p re s e n te d .7 N ot r e p o r te d in 1968.


17

Table 2. Average Salaries: Metropolitan Areas

(E m p lo y m en t and a v e ra g e s a la r ie s fo r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , t e c h n ic a l , and c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s in p r iv a te in d u s t r y , m e tro p o li ta n a r e a s , 1 Ju n e 1969)

O ccu p a tio n an d c la s s (See d e fin i tio n s in ap p en d ix C)

N u m b e rof

e m p lo y e e s 2

M onthly s a l a r i e s 3 A nnual s a la r ie s 3

M ean M edianM idd le ra n g e 4

M eanM iddle ran g e 4

F i r s tq u a r t i le

T h irdq u a r t i le



A c c o u n tan ts an d a u d ito r s

A c c o u n tan ts I 4 ,7 5 9 $670 $675 $625 $718 $ 8 ,0 4 4 $ 8 , 100 $ 7 , 500 $ 8 ,6 1 6A c c o u n tan ts I I ______________________________ 9 ,9 2 5 754 750 685 825 9 ,0 4 2 9,000 8,220 9, 900A c c o u n ta n ts I I I _____________________________ 2 0 ,9 4 9 840 826 750 916 10 ,0 7 5 9 ,9 1 2 9,000 1 0 ,9 9 2A c c o u n ta n ts I V _____________________________ 14 ,2 9 6 999 990 900 1 ,0 8 6 11 ,9 9 4 11 ,880 10 ,8 0 0 1 3 ,0 3 2A c c o u n tan ts V ______________________________ 5 ,6 2 1 1, 199 1, 191 1,071 1 ,3 1 3 14 ,3 9 4 14 ,2 9 2 12 ,8 5 2 15, 756

A u d ito rs I _ _ 654 708 680 635 789 8 ,4 9 5 8, 160 7, 620 9 ,4 6 8A u d ito rs II _ _ 1 ,741 776 750 691 850 9, 316 9,000 8, 292 10,200A u d ito rs I I I __________________________________ 3, 904 895 875 793 976 10 ,7 4 4 10 ,5 0 0 9, 516 1 1 ,7 1 2A u d ito rs I V __________________________________ 2, 110 1,097 1 ,0 8 3 983 1,200 13,161 12,996 11 ,7 9 6 14 ,4 0 0

C h ief a c c o u n ta n ts I 615 1, 107 1 ,0 5 2 958 1 ,2 5 0 13, 285 12, 624 11 ,4 9 6 15 ,0 0 0C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts I I _________________________ 951 1 ,2 3 2 1 ,2 3 5 1, 100 1 ,3 3 3 14 ,7 8 6 14 ,8 2 0 13, 200 1 5 ,9 9 6C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts I I I ________________________ 695 1 ,4 8 5 1 ,4 7 5 1 ,3 0 0 1 ,6 4 4 1 7 ,8 2 6 17 ,7 0 0 15 ,6 0 0 19 ,7 2 8C h ief a c c o u n ta n ts IV 288 1 ,7 1 4 1 ,7 4 9 1 ,4 8 4 1 ,791 2 0 ,5 6 8 2 0 ,9 8 8 17 ,808 2 1 ,4 9 2

A tto rn e y s

A tto rn e y s I ... 565 919 875 824 999 11 ,0 2 8 10 ,5 0 0 9, 888 11 ,988A tto rn e y s II __ 1,2 2 6 1 ,0 6 4 1 ,0 3 6 916 1, 195 12 ,7 6 2 12, 432 1 0 ,9 9 2 14 ,3 4 0A tto rn e y s I I I ________________________________ 1 ,5 7 3 1 ,3 2 5 1, 304 1, 141 1 ,4 6 7 15 ,9 0 6 15, 648 13, 692 17 ,6 0 4A tto rn e y s IV______________________ ____ 1,5 3 9 1 ,5 9 0 1, 542 1 ,3 3 3 1 ,7 5 0 19 ,076 18 ,504 1 5 ,9 9 6 21,000A tto rn e y s V _________________________________ 631 1 ,9 7 7 1,920 1 ,7 4 9 2, 171 23, 721 2 3 ,0 4 0 20,988 2 6 ,0 5 2A tto rn e y s V I ________________________________ 463 2 ,4 5 4 2 ,4 0 8 2, 042 2, 772 2 9 ,4 5 2 28,896 24, 504 3 3 ,2 6 4

B u y e rs

B u y e rs I __ 2, 311 663 652 595 723 7, 955 7 ,8 2 4 7, 140 8, 676B u y e r s I I _____________________ ____ _______ 7 ,7 7 2 784 775 700 852 9 ,4 0 8 9, 300 8 ,4 0 0 10, 224B u y e r s III 11 ,4 3 0 914 904 821 1,000 10 ,9 6 6 10 ,8 4 8 9 ,8 5 2 12, 000B u y e rs IV __ 4 ,5 0 6 1 ,0 9 8 1 ,081 978 1 ,2 0 7 13, 174 1 2 ,9 7 2 11 ,7 3 6 14 ,4 8 4B u y e rs V ____________________________________ 230 1, 305 1 ,2 5 0 1, 181 1 ,4 0 4 15 ,6 6 4 15 ,0 0 0 1 4 ,1 7 2 16 ,8 4 8


J o b a n a ly s ts I _ ______ 122 668 682 582 744 8, 018 8, 184 6, 984 8 ,9 2 8Jo b a n a ly s ts I I ___ _________________________ 318 757 750 695 835 9 ,0 8 2 9,000 8, 340 10,020Jo b a n a ly s ts III 576 882 890 795 965 10 ,5 8 5 10 ,6 8 0 9 ,5 4 0 11 ,5 8 0Jo b a n a ly s ts IV 497 1 ,071 1 ,0 7 4 965 1, 171 12 ,8 5 2 12,888 11 ,5 8 0 14 ,0 5 2

D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I _ ____ _ _ 723 1 ,0 1 3 985 875 1, 100 12 ,158 1 1 ,8 2 0 10 ,5 0 0 13, 200D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I I ___________________ 1 ,5 1 7 1, 180 1, 135 1 ,0 3 3 1 ,2 9 9 14 ,158 13 ,6 2 0 12,3 9 6 15,588D ir e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l III 891 1 ,4 0 5 1, 350 1 ,2 1 5 1 ,6 0 0 16 ,8 5 5 1 6 ,2 0 0 14 ,5 8 0 19 , 2 0 0D ir e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l IV 316 1 ,7 3 0 1,666 1 ,5 0 0 1 ,9 3 4 2 0 ,7 6 1 1 9 ,9 9 2 18 ,0 0 0 23, 208

C h e m is ts an d e n g in e e r s

C h e m is ts I 1 ,5 6 6 736 748 680 790 8 ,8 2 7 8, 976 8, 160 9 ,4 8 0C h e m is ts I I _________________________________ 3 ,8 2 0 807 800 743 869 9, 682 9, 600 8 ,9 1 6 10 ,4 2 8C h e m is ts III _ _ ___ 7, 677 930 912 833 1 ,0 0 8 11, 154 10 ,9 4 4 9 ,9 9 6 12,096C h e m is ts IV .. 8 ,9 7 2 1,117 1, 100 999 1 ,2 4 8 13 ,4 0 0 13, 200 11 ,9 8 8 14 ,9 7 6C h e m is ts V __________________________________ 7, 538 1, 340 1, 333 1 ,2 0 8 1 ,4 6 9 16 ,0 7 8 15 ,9 9 6 14 ,4 9 6 17 ,6 2 8C h e m is ts VI 3, 970 1 ,5 4 7 1, 541 1 ,4 0 2 1 ,6 8 3 1 8 ,5 6 0 18 ,492 16 ,8 2 4 2 0 ,1 9 6C h e m is ts VII ___ 1 ,6 0 6 1 ,8 9 6 1 ,8 3 3 1 ,6 4 5 2, 122 2 2 ,7 4 7 2 1 ,9 9 6 19 ,740 2 5 ,4 6 4C h e m is ts VIII __ _ _ ... 490 2, 275 2, 124 1 ,9 1 6 2, 633 2 7 ,3 0 1 2 5 ,4 8 8 2 2 ,9 9 2 3 1 ,5 9 6

E n g in e e r s I __ 1 2 ,7 2 3 806 808 774 845 9, 675 9 ,6 9 6 9, 288 1 0 ,1 4 0E n g in e e r s II _ __ _ 3 1 ,6 9 4 873 870 825 920 10 ,471 1 0 ,4 4 0 9, 900 11 ,0 4 0E n g in e e r s III . ....... 7 9 ,4 7 9 980 978 908 1 ,0 4 9 11 ,7 5 7 1 1 ,7 3 6 10 ,8 9 6 12 ,5 8 8E n g in e e r s IV 1 0 7 ,5 7 5 1. 166 1, 155 1 ,0 6 6 1,260 13 ,9 9 4 13, 860 12 ,7 9 2 15 ,120E n g in e e r s V 7 1 ,1 5 0 1, 350 1, 336 1 ,2 2 5 1 ,4 6 0 16 ,2 0 2 16 ,0 3 2 14 ,700 17 ,5 2 0E n g in e e r s VI 3 6 ,5 6 4 1 .5 5 4 1 ,5 4 3 1 ,4 0 5 1 ,6 8 3 1 8 ,6 4 3 18 ,5 1 6 16 ,860 2 0 ,1 9 6E n g in e e r s V II_______________________________ 13, 583 1,769 1 ,7 6 0 1 ,6 0 0 1 ,9 2 5 2 1 ,2 3 2 21, 120 1 9 , 2 0 0 23, 100E n g in e e r s VIII 3, 038 2 ,0 1 5 1 ,9 6 4 1 ,7 7 0 2, 181 2 4 ,1 8 0 23, 568 2 1 ,2 4 0 2 6 ,1 7 2


E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s I 5, 182 501 501 456 550 6, 018 6,012 5 ,4 7 2 6, 600E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s II 1 2 ,7 7 2 589 586 530 639 7, 068 7 ,0 3 2 6 ,3 6 0 7, 668E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s III _ _ 23, 539 672 669 610 7 30 8 ,0 6 8 8, 028 7, 320 8 ,7 6 0E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s IV 29, 111 779 768 706 846 9, 348 9 ,2 1 6 8 ,4 7 2 10 ,1 5 2E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s V 15 ,0 7 7 862 850 791 928 10 ,3 4 0 10,200 9 ,4 9 2 11, 136

See fo o tn o te s a t end of ta b le .


18

Table 2. Average Salaries: Metropolitan Areas— Continued

(E m p lo y m en t an d a v e ra g e s a l a r i e s f o r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in i s t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , an d c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s in p r iv a te in d u s t r y , m e tro p o li ta n a r e a s , Ju n e 1969)

O cc u p a tio n an d c la s s (See d e f in i tio n s in a p p e n d ix C)

N u m b erof

e m p lo y e e s 2

M onthly s a l a r i e s 3 A n n u a l s a l a r i e s 3

M ean M edianM idd le ra n g e 4

M ean M ed ianM iddle ra n g e 4





D ra f ts m e n

D r a f t s m e n - t r a c e r s __________________________ 4 , 9 2 2 $ 4 4 5 $428 $ 382 $ 4 9 4 $ 5 , 338 $ 5 , 135 $ 4 ,5 8 8 $ 5 , 923D ra f ts m e n I ________________ _____________ 17,901 5 4 3 540 475 600 6, 519 6 ,4 7 8 5 ,6 9 9 7, 198D ra f ts m e n II _ _ 2 9 ,1 4 4 672 666 600 739 8 ,0 6 0 7 ,9 8 8 7, 198 8 ,8 6 4D ra f ts m e n I I I ______ _______________________ 2 5 ,7 2 2 822 804 730 890 9, 860 9 ,6 4 6 8 ,7 6 0 1 0 ,6 7 8

C le r ic a l

C le rk s , a c co u n tin g I ________________________ 7 6 ,2 4 6 416 400 355 461 4 ,9 9 7 4 ,7 9 9 4 ,2 5 9 5, 527C le rk s , a c co u n tin g I I _______________________ 4 9 ,0 6 3 541 526 462 608 6 ,4 9 4 6, 309 5, 548 7, 300C le rk s , f ile I 2 6 ,1 0 2 327 317 295 348 3, 924 3, 800 3, 546 4 , 171C le rk s , f ile II . . . . . . . . . . .... . - __________ 2 5 ,6 6 5 363 348 318 391 4, 358 4, 171 3 ,8 1 3 4 ,6 9 3C le r k s , f i le I I I ............................................................. 8, 185 445 435 374 506 5, 344 5 ,2 1 4 4 ,4 8 4 6 ,0 6 6K ey p u n ch o p e r a to r s I ______________ ____ _ 53 ,8 9 1 406 391 349 443 4 ,8 7 1 4 ,6 9 3 4 , 183 5, 315K ey p u n ch o p e r a to r s I I __ __ _____________ 3 9 ,8 8 7 462 453 410 508 5, 540 5 ,4 3 5 4 ,9 1 9 6, 095O ffice b o y s o r g i r l s ___ ____________________ 2 5 ,8 2 4 357 345 313 385 4 ,2 9 0 4 ,1 3 9 3, 754 4 ,6 1 9S e c r e t a r i e s I __________________ _________ _ 77 ,7 8 1 494 489 435 546 5 ,9 3 0 5 ,8 6 7 5, 214 6 ,5 5 0S e c r e t a r i e s II _______________________________ 7 4 ,2 2 1 553 549 487 617 6 ,6 3 5 6, 593 5, 840 7 ,4 0 7S e c r e t a r i e s I I I _________________________ __ 4 3 , 382 593 587 520 660 7, 119 7 ,0 4 8 6, 239 7 ,9 2 1S e c r e t a r i e s IV ______________________________ 13 ,5 8 3 652 645 565 7 34 7 ,8 2 7 7 ,7 3 8 6, 778 8 ,8 0 6S te n o g ra p h e rs , g e n e r a l ____________ ____ _ 6 2 ,5 0 3 437 425 375 488 5 ,2 3 9 5, 106 4 , 505 5, 855S te n o g ra p h e rs , s e n io r ______________________ 4 9 ,1 4 2 495 486 433 557 5, 936 5 ,8 3 1 5, 195 6 ,6 8 3S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a to r s I ____________________ 12 ,5 6 6 406 392 348 456 4 ,8 6 6 4 ,7 0 6 4 ,1 7 1 5 ,4 6 7S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a to r s I I ___________________ 9 ,8 6 6 477 472 420 530 5, 718 5 ,6 6 9 5, 039 6, 364T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I ____________ 4 ,7 6 0 419 404 360 463 5, 031 4 ,8 4 9 4 , 319 5, 561T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I I ___________ 9 ,2 5 8 504 492 435 565 6 ,0 5 4 5 ,9 0 9 5, 215 6 ,7 8 2T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I I I __________ 4, 557 617 605 546 682 7 ,4 0 8 7, 263 6, 549 8, 186T y p is ts I ____________________________________ 7 4 ,4 5 3 373 365 330 404 4 ,4 8 1 4 , 379 3 ,9 5 9 4 ,8 4 9T y p is ts II ____________________________________ 4 1 ,3 1 7 431 419 380 473 5, 173 5, 025 4 ,5 5 9 5, 674

1 F o r sco p e of s tu d y , se e ta b le in ap p en d ix A.2 O c c u p a tio n a l em p lo y m en t e s t im a te s r e l a te to th e to ta l in a l l e s ta b l is h m e n ts w ith in sco p e of th e su rv e y a n d not to th e n u m b e r a c tu a l ly s u r

v ey ed . F o r f u r th e r e x p la n a tio n , se e p. 3 3 .3 S a la r i e s r e p o r t e d r e l a te to th e s ta n d a rd s a la r ie s th a t w e re p a id fo r s ta n d a rd w o rk s c h e d u le s ; i. e . , th e s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r y c o rre sp o n d in g

to th e e m p lo y e e 's n o r m a l w o rk s c h ed u le ex c lu d in g o v e r t im e h o u r s . N o n p ro d u c tio n b o n u se s a r e ex c lu d e d , bu t c o s t- o f - l iv in g p a y m e n ts and in cen tiv e e a rn in g s a r e in c lu d ed .

4 T he m id d le ra n g e ( in te rq u a r ti le ) u se d h e re is th e c e n tr a l p a r t of the a r r a y ex c lu d in g the u p p e r an d lo w e r fo u r th s of th e e m p lo y ee d is t r ib u t io n .


19

Table 3. Average Salaries: Establishments Employing 2,500 or More

(E m p lo y m en t and a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s fo r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , and c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s in p r iv a te i n d u s t r y 1 in e s ta b l is h m e n ts e m p lo y in g 2, 500 w o r k e r s o r m o re , 2 U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H aw aii, Ju n e 1969, p e rc e n t i n c r e a s e in m e a n

s a la r ie s d u r in g the y e a r , 3 and c o m p a r is o n w ith le v e ls in a l l e s ta b l is h m e n ts co m b in ed )

O cc u p a tio n and c la s s (See d e fin i tio n s in ap p en d ix C)

N u m b e rof

e m p lo y e e s 4

M onth ly s a l a r i e s 5 P e r c e n tin c r e a s e

inm e a n

s a la r ie s 3

L e v e ls in la rg e e s ta b l is h m e n ts e x p re s s e d a s p e rc e n t o f th o se in a l l e s ta b l is h m e n ts co m b in ed

M ean M edianM iddle ra n g e 6


T h irdq u a r t i le E m p lo y m e n t Me an

s a la r ie s

A cc o u n tan ts and a u d ito r s

A c c o u n tan ts I ----------------------------------------------------- 2 , 509 $ 6 9 8 $ 7 0 0 $652 $ 7 4 0 7 .4 45 105A c c o u n tan ts II _ ---- _ -------------------- ---- 5, 961 783 784 717 855 8. 8 54 104A c c o u n tan ts III - _ ------ — - - — — 8, 164 880 875 791 968 8. 5 33 105A c c o u n tan ts IV - ------- --------------- ------- - 5, 187 1 ,0 3 6 1, 030 934 1, 125 7. 0 31 104A c c o u n tan ts V — - - 2 , 574 1,217 1 ,2 0 8 1 ,0 9 8 1, 346 5 .9 40 102

A u d ito rs I 368 765 775 687 846 C ) 51 110A u d ito rs II 820 831 810 726 933 8. 5 44 107A u d ito rs I I I _____ ______________________ ______ ___ 1 ,5 6 4 920 900 800 1 ,0 3 0 7. 6 37 103A u d ito rs I V --------------------------------------------------------- 1 ,1 1 9 1, 100 1 ,091 987 1 ,2 0 8 6. 7 49 101

C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts III — - - 195 1 ,6 0 4 1 ,571 1 ,4 1 6 1 ,8 8 2 6 .4 26 109C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts IV____________________________ 116 1 ,7 9 3 1 ,7 4 6 1 ,5 4 7 1,981 5. 8 36 104

A tto rn e y s

A tto rn e y s I 162 1, 012 999 881 1, 100 (*) 29 110A tto rn e y s II _ ----- — - — ------ 404 1, 181 1. 167 1 ,0 2 0 1 ,3 0 4 < > 31 111A tto rn e y s III - — — - - - — - 576 1 ,4 2 8 1,416 1 ,2 5 0 1 ,5 8 0 (*) 35 108A tto rn e y s IV — _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 512 1 ,6 5 8 1 ,6 2 4 1 ,4 5 8 1 ,8 3 3 < > 31 104A tto rn e y s V _ 284 2 ,0 4 8 2, 013 1 ,7 9 1 2, 332 < > 43 104A tto rn e y s V I ------------------------------------------------------ 236 2 ,5 2 5 2 ,4 9 9 2, 180 2 ,7 7 3 ( ') 50 103

B u y e rs

Piiy«=r<3 T 805 722 710 649 783 4. 0 30 110B u y e rs II __ — - - - -------- — ----- — - 3 ,2 3 6 812 804 720 875 7. 0 33 105B u y e rs III ---- -------- - ------- — ----- — 5 ,6 9 8 934 925 826 1,035 7. 0 41 102B u y e rs I V ------------- ----- --------------------------- — - 2, 917 1 ,0 8 8 1,069 965 1, 190 4. 8 59 99


Jo b a n a ly s ts I I ---------------------------------------------------- 155 769 760 699 840 - . 3 49 102Jo b a n a ly s ts I I I --------- -------- --------------------------- 407 881 875 800 953 - . 4 63 99Jo b a n a ly s ts IV --------------------------------------------------- 429 1,076 1 ,0 7 5 980 1, 165 2 .9 75 101

D ir e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I I I - - ---- 181 1 ,6 2 4 1 ,7 0 0 1 ,4 3 4 1 ,8 0 4 3. 0 16 116D ir e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l I V ------------------- —----------- 144 1 ,8 8 4 1 ,9 0 0 1,647 2, 058 2. 3 35 110

C h e m is ts and e n g in e e r s

C h e m is ts I --------------------------------------------------------- 548 777 775 730 825 6. 8 28 107C h e m is ts II -------------------------------------------------------- 1 ,7 5 8 845 843 779 907 6 .9 38 105C h e m is ts III — 3 ,2 8 9 976 975 883 1,051 8 .4 36 106C h e m is ts IV - 4 , 163 1, 168 1, 155 1, 045 1 ,2 9 0 6. 3 38 105C h e m is ts V 2, 941 1, 392 1 ,3 8 0 1, 254 1, 508 7. 1 33 104C h e m is ts VI 1 ,7 2 0 1 ,5 7 9 1 ,5 5 5 1 ,4 2 0 1,712 8. 8 38 102C h e m is ts VII _ 688 1,856 1 ,8 0 4 1 ,6 4 0 2 ,0 0 9 7. 1 37 99C h e m is ts VIII __ - 271 2 ,2 4 9 2, 122 1 ,9 5 0 2, 533 4 . 1 51 99

E n g in e e r s I - — - 7, 848 812 815 775 850 6. 7 57 101E n g in e e r s II ------------------------------------------------------ 2 1 ,3 0 6 876 873 829 922 6. 7 62 101E n g in e e r s III _ - - - 5 3 ,1 7 6 993 991 924 1 ,0 5 5 6. 5 60 102E n g in ee r s IV ___ - — - — 7 4 ,7 4 3 1, 184 1, 174 1, 090 1 ,2 7 4 6. 4 61 102E n g in e e r s V ------ _ _ 4 6 ,5 9 6 1 ,3 7 2 1, 365 1, 255 1,476 6. 7 59 102E ng ine e r s V I_______ ______________ _________ __ 22, 939 1, 592 1 ,5 8 3 1 ,4 5 0 1,716 8. 3 56 103E ng ine e r s VII ______________ ___________________ 7 ,5 1 4 1 ,8 2 3 1 ,8 1 3 1 ,6 5 0 1,977 4. 6 50 103E n g in e e r s VIII __ 1 ,7 7 0 2, 076 2, 010 1 ,8 3 0 2, 255 5. 0 51 104


E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s I 2 ,4 2 6 521 521 478 568 7. 9 40 105E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s II--------------------------------- 7 ,4 7 8 600 597 548 648 6. 1 47 103E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s I I I ------------------------------- 14 ,241 688 685 630 745 6. 8 51 103E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s IV-------------------------------- 18, 563 787 782 721 850 7. 0 57 102E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s V -------------------------------- 1 0 ,7 3 0 870 856 804 939 6. 8 63 101

See fo o tn o te s a t en d of tab le ,


20

Table 3. Average Salaries: Establishments Employing 2,500 or More— Continued

(E m p lo y m en t and a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a la r ie s fo r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , and c l e r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s in p r iv a te i n d u s t r y 1 in e s ta b l is h m e n ts e m p lo y in g 2, 500 w o r k e r s o r m o re , 2 U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la sk a and H aw aii, Ju n e 1969, p e rc e n t in c r e a s e in m e a n

s a la r ie s d u r in g the y e a r , 3 and c o m p a r is o n w ith le v e ls in a ll e s ta b l is h m e n ts co m b in ed )

O c c u p a tio n and c la s s (See d e f in i tio n s in a p p e n d ix C)

N u m b e rof

e m p lo y e e s 4

M onth ly s a la r ie s 5 P e r c e n tin c r e a s e

inm e a n

s a l a r i e s 3

L e v e ls in la r g e e s ta b l is h m e n ts e x p r e s s e d as p e rc e n t of th o se in a l l e s ta b l is h m e n ts co m b in e d

M ean M ed ianM iddle ran g e 6


T h irdq u a r t i le E m p lo y m e n t M ean

s a la r ie s

D ra f ts m e n

D r a f t s m e n - t r a c e r s _____________________________ 2, 327 $47 5 $469 $410 $ 534 8. 0 40 107D ra f ts m e n I -------------------------------------------------------- 7, 961 567 564 506 620 5. 2 37 105D ra f ts m e n I I ------------------------------------------------------- 12, 112 691 681 624 752 5. 3 35 104D ra f ts m e n I I I ------------------------------------------------------ 12 ,259 845 821 745 920 4. 8 43 104

C le r ic a l

C le rk s , ac co u n tin g I ___________________________ 16 ,8 2 5 458 448 387 524 5. 1 19 111C le rk s , ac co u n tin g I I ----------------------------------------- 13, 357 588 582 504 666 2. 5 23 109C le rk s , f ile I____________________________________ 5, 263 360 348 325 383 6. 2 17 111C le rk s , f ile I I __________________________________ 6, 990 401 390 350 443 5. 9 24 111C le rk s , f ile III _________________________________ 2, 972 492 489 418 564 5. 4 33 111K eypunch o p e r a to r s T___________________________ 16 ,125 440 426 371 504 4. 6 26 110K eypunch o p e ra to r s I I __________________________ 14 ,415 491 485 430 554 5. 5 32 107O ffice b o y s o r g i r l s _________________________ -— 7 ,6 4 1 380 361 330 413 5. 3 27 106S e c r e t a r i e s I ------------------------------------------------------- 25, 049 519 515 467 570 6. 2 29 106S e c r e t a r i e s I I ----------------------------------------------------- 3 2 ,7 8 4 587 587 522 642 5. 1 40 107S e c r e t a r i e s I I I ------------------ --------------------------------- 12 ,7 3 9 659 655 587 725 5. 2 27 112S e c r e t a r i e s I V ------------------------------------------- ------ 3, 559 714 700 635 785 5. 3 24 111S te n o g ra p h e rs , g e n e r a l ------------------------------------- 2 3 ,9 5 7 464 456 405 521 7. 3 34 107S te n o g ra p h e rs , s e n io r __________________________ 2 1 ,9 1 9 522 522 46 0 592 5. 2 39 107S w itc h b o a rd o p e ra to r s I------------------------------------- 2, 942 426 417 36 3 478 6. 5 21 106S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a to r s I I ----------------------------------- 3, 506 505 508 443 561 4. 2 32 107T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I ---------------------- 1 ,8 9 5 461 450 394 521 9. 5 36 110T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I I ---------------------- 4 , 062 520 517 449 586 6. 2 40 103T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s I I I --------------------- 2 , 150 642 633 573 717 5. 6 43 105T y p is ts I ------------------------------------------------------------- 19 ,5 7 2 404 391 356 439 5. 9 23 109T y p is ts I I _______________________ _____________ 1 6 ,5 1 0 449 434 391 501 4. 6 36 104

1 F o r sco p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A.2 In c lu d e s d a ta fo r a few e s ta b l is h m e n ts w ith l e s s th a n 2, 500 e m p lo y e e s of 6 l a r g e c o m p a n ie s s tu d ie d th a t p ro v id e d co m p an y w id e d a ta u n id en

t if ie d by s iz e of e s ta b l is h m e n t . T h is a p p lie s o n ly to d a ta fo r o c c u p a tio n s o th e r th a n d ra f t in g and c le r ic a l .3 F o r l im ita t io n s of p e rc e n t in c r e a s e in a v e ra g e s a la r ie s a s a m e a s u r e of ch an g e in s a la r y s c a l e s , s e e p. 6.4 O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a te s r e la te to the to ta l in a ll e s ta b l is h m e n ts w ith in sco p e of th e s u rv e y and n o t to the n u m b e r a c tu a l ly s u rv e y e d .

F o r f u r th e r e x p la n a tio n , s e e p . 33.5 S a la r ie s r e p o r te d r e la te to the s ta n d a r d s a l a r i e s th a t w e re p a id fo r s ta n d a r d w o rk s c h e d u le s ; i . e . , th e s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r y c o rre s p o n d in g

to th e e m p lo y e e 's n o r m a l w o rk s c h ed u le e x c lu d in g o v e r t im e h o u r s . N o n p ro d u c tio n b o n u se s a r e e x c lu d e d , b u t c o s t- o f - l iv in g p a y m e n ts and in c e n tiv e e a rn in g s a r e in c lu d e d .

° The m id d le ra n g e ( in te rq u a r t i le ) u s e d h e re is th e c e n tr a l p a r t of the a r r a y ex c lu d in g the u p p e r and lo w e r fo u r th s o f the e m p lo y e e d is t r ib u t io n .7 N ot r e p o r te d in 1968.8 B e c a u se of c h a n g es in the n u m b e r and d e fin i tio n s of le v e ls b e tw e en s u rv e y s , y e a r - to - y e a r c o m p a r is o n s fo r a t to r n e y s co u ld n o t be p r e s e n te d .


21

Table 4. Employment Distribution by Salary: Professional and Administrative Occupations

( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e o c c u p a t io n s , by a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la sk a and H a w a ii, 1 Ju n e 1969)

A c c o u n tan ts A u d ito rs C h ief a c co u n ta n ts

I II III IV V i II n i IV i II i i i IV

U n d e r $475 --------------------------------------- (0 .1 )$47 5 and u n d e r $ 5 0 0 ------------------------ 1 .0 (1 .9 ) " ~ - - ■ “

$500 and u n d e r $525 ----------------------- 2. 5 _ _ - - 1. 3 - - - - - . -$525 and u n d e r $550 ----------------------- 2. 6 (1 .2 ) - - - 3. 2 (0 .4 ) - - - - "$550 and u n d e r $ 575 ----------------------- 6. 4 1 .2 - - - 4. 7 1. 3 - - - - -$57 5 and u n d e r $600 ----------------------- 5. 8 1 .6 - - - 6. 8 1. 1 - "

$600 and u n d e r $625 ----------------------- 8. 1 5. 5 (1 .5 ) _ _ 4. 5 3. 6 _ - _ _ -$62 5 and u n d e r $650 ----------------------- 1 1 .2 3. 8 1 .2 - - 8. 6 3. 7 - - - - - -$650 and u n d e r $675 ----------------------- 14. 3 8. 5 3. 4 - - 19. 1 1 0 .5 - - - - - -$67 5 and u n d e r $700 ----------------------- 1 1 .6 7. 7 2 .9 - - 6. 8 5. 8 (3 .1 ) - - ' - -

$700 and u n d e r $725 ----------------------- 14. 1 1 0 .7 8. 3 - _ 1 0 .0 12. 8 4. 5 _ _ _ _ _$ 7 2 5 and u n d e r $750 ----------------------- 7. 2 8 .9 6. 0 (1 .4 ) - 3 .9 7 .0 3. 4 - - - - -$750 and u n d e r $775 ----------------------- 7. 0 1 1 .7 9. 9 1 .7 - 3. 5 9 .4 8. 5 (0 .7 ) - - - -$ 775 and u n d e r $800 ----------------------- 3. 2 8. 2 7. 3 1. 7 - 5. 1 6. 2 6. 6 1 .0 - - - -

$800 and u n d e r $82 5 ----------------------- 2. 3 7. 0 8. 6 2. 8 _ 4. 2 7 .7 6. 1 2. 2 _ _ _ _$ 8 2 5 and u n d e r $850 ----------------------- 1. 1 6 .0 9 . 1 4 .9 - 4 .0 4 . 7 8 .9 2. 1 (0 .7 ) - - -$850 and u n d e r $87 5 ----------------------- (1 .5 ) 5. 1 7. 4 6. 7 (1 .3 ) 2. 8 8 .0 7. 8 1 .6 7. 8 - - -$ 8 7 5 and u n d e r $900 — ------------------- - 7 .9 6. 2 5 .0 1 .7 6. 8 3. 8 8. 3 3. 8 - - - -

$ 900 and u n d e r $92 5 ----------------------- _ 1 .9 5 .9 8 .0 2. 8 (2 .8 ) 2. 1 7 . 2 4. 2 1 .6 1 .3 _ _$92 5 and u n d e r $950 ----------------------- - 1. 2 4. 3 7. 2 1 .0 - 2. 2 5 .0 3. 1 7 .0 . 5 - -$950 and u n d e r $ 975 ----------------------- - (1 .9 ) 4. 2 6. 3 2. 3 - 1 .9 4 .9 4. 5 1 1 .2 2. 7 - -$97 5 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 0 0 ------------------- - - 2 .9 6 .4 2. 7 - 1. 1 4 .9 4. 3 1. 5 6. 4 - -

$ 1 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 5 0 ---------------- _ _ 6. 8 15. 3 10. 1 . 5. 5 7 .0 1 3 .9 14. 8 8. 2 _ _$ 1 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,1 0 0 ---------------- - - 1 .9 10. 0 9 . 6 - (1 .4 ) 4. 6 1 3 .0 14. 1 5 .9 (1. 3) -$ 1 ,1 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,1 5 0 ---------------- - - 1. 1 8. 8 9 .8 - - 3 .9 8. 7 3. 1 1 1 .4 3. 7 -$ 1 ,1 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 0 0 ---------------- - - (1 .2 ) 4. 7 1 1 .0 - - 2. 5 9 .5 7. 7 1 1 .7 2 .9 (1 .2 )$ 1 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 5 0 ---------------- - - - 3. 8 8 . 6 - - 1 .6 10. 0 2. 5 6 .9 3 .8 1 .8

$ 1 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 0 0 ---------------- _ _ _ 2. 2 12. 2 _ _ (1 .3 ) 5 .4 12. 7 14. 5 12. 3 _$ 1 ,3 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 5 0 ---------------- - - - 1 .8 5 .9 - - - 5. 1 1 0 .9 1 1 .9 12. 2 5. 8$ 1 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 0 0 — --------- - - - (1 .1 ) 6. 4 - - - 2. 6 1 .0 5. 5 5. 2 . 6$ 1 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 5 0 ---------------- - - - - 5. 1 - - - 1 .8 1 .0 3. 4 4. 0 5. 8$ 1 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 0 0 --------------- - - - * 2. 6 - - - 1. 1 . 5 2. 5 13. 5 7. 7

$ 1 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 5 0 --------------- _ _ _ 3. 2 _ _ _ 1 .0 1 .0 2. 2 7 .9 6. 5$ 1 ,5 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 0 0 ---------------- _ - - - 1. 2 - - - ( .4 ) (1 .0 ) 1 .0 6. 3 7. 7$ 1 ,6 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 5 0 ---------------- - - - - . 5 - - - 1. 1 4. 6 3 .4$ 1 ,6 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 0 0 ---------------- - - - - 1 .4 - - - - - (2 .8 ) 6 .6 5. 5$ 1 ,7 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 5 0 ---------------- - - - - ( -4 ) - - - - - - 3. 7 5. 8

$ 1 ,7 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 0 0 ---------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3. 3 22. 2$ 1 ,8 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 5 0 ---------------- - - - - - - - - - _ - . 5 .9$ 1 ,8 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 0 0 ---------------- - - - - - . - - - - _ . 8 6. 8$ 1 ,9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 5 0 --------------- - - - - - - - - - - - 3. 6 . 6$ 1 ,9 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 0 0 ---------------- - - - - - - - - - - - . 5 5. 8

$ 2 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 5 0 ---------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . 2. 1 1 .8$ 2 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,1 0 0 ---------------- - - - - - _ - _ - - _ (1 .1 ) 1 .5$ 2 , 100 and u n d e r $ 2 , 150 ---------------- - - - - _ - - _ _ - _ 2. 2$ 2 , 150 and u n d e r $ 2 , 200 ---------------- - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .9$ 2 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 5 0 --------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - . 3

$ 2 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,3 0 0 ---------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . .$ 2 , 300 and u n d e r $ 2 , 350 ---------------- - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ 1 .2$ 2 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 0 0 ---------------- - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

$ 2 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 5 0 ---------------- - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .9$ 2 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 0 0 ---------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - . 6

$ 2 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 5 0 ---------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . .9$ 2 ,5 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,6 0 0 ---------------- - - - - _ - - _ _ _ _

$ 2 ,6 0 0 and o v e r ------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 .2

T o t a l --------------------------------------- 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0 100. 0 1 0 0 .0

N u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s ---------------------- 5 ,5 7 9 1 1 ,1 3 8 2 4 ,5 5 0 16 ,6 2 9 6 ,4 5 1 719 1 ,8 4 8 4 ,1 9 3 2 ,2 9 5 731 1 ,2 8 8 756 325

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s ---------------- $667 $751 $836 $997 $ 1 ,1 9 8 $697 $774 $89 4 $ 1 ,0 9 4 $ 1 ,1 0 1 $ 1 ,2 2 0 $ 1 ,4 7 6 $ 1 ,7 1 6

S ee fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le .


22

Table 4. Employment Distribution by Salary: Professional and Administrative Occupations— Continued

( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e o c c u p a t io n s , by a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H a w a ii, 1 J u n e 1969)

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a la r ie sA tto rn e y s B u y e rs

i II III IV V VI i II III IV V

U n d er $ 4 7 5 --------------------------------------------- . . . _ _ (1 .0 ) _ _ _ _$47 5 and u n d e r $50 0 -------------- ---------- - - - " - 3. 8 - " -$500 and u n d e r $ 5 2 5 ------------------------------ - - - - - - 3. 6 (0 .7 ) - - -$52 5 and u n d e r $ 5 5 0 ------- ------------------ - - - - - - 7. 3 1 .0 ~ - -$550 and u n d e r $ 5 7 5 ------------------------------ - - - - - - 5. 5 1 .5 - - -$ 5 7 5 and u n d e r $ 6 0 0 ----------------------------- - - - - - 8. 7 1 .5 - "$600 and u n d e r $ 6 2 5 ------------------------------ _ _ - - - - 9 . 1 3. 1 - - -$ 625 and u n d e r $ 6 5 0 ------------------------------ - - - - - - 8. 7 5 .7 (1 .7 ) - -$650 and u n d e r $ 6 7 5 ------------------------------ - - - - - - 14. 3 7. 5 1 .8 - -$ 675 and u n d e r $ 7 0 0 ------------------------------ - " - - - - 7. 7 7. 0 1 .4 -$700 and u n d e r $ 7 2 5 ----------------------------- (2. 3) _ - - - - 7. 5 8. 2 2. 8 - -$72 5 and u n d e r $ 7 5 0 ------------------------------ 1 .4 (0 .5 ) - - - - 4. 2 7. 2 2 .9 - -$750 and u n d e r $ 7 7 5 ------------------------------ 4. 2 1. 1 - - - - 5. 8 1 0 .7 4. 2 - -$ 775 and u n d e r $ 8 0 0 ------------------------------ 7. 9 .9 - - - 3. 0 6. 8 5 .0 - -$ 800 and u n d e r $ 8 2 5 ------------------------------ 10. 0 2. 7 _ - _ - 2. 7 7. 7 6. 3 (2 .7 ) _$ 8 2 5 and u n d e r $ 8 5 0 ------------------------------ 12. 1 3. 7 0 .9 - - - 1. 2 7. 8 7. 3 1 .7 -$850 and u n d e r $ 8 7 5 ------------------------------ 4. 0 5. 5 1 .9 - - - 1 .9 6. 3 7. 1 2. 4 -$ 875 and u n d e r $ 9 0 0 ------------------------------ 14. 4 3. 3 . 4 - - - 1. 1 4. 2 7. 4 3 .0$ 9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 9 2 5 ------------------------------ 14. 1 9. 6 . 5 - _ - (3 .0 ) 3. 6 8. 1 4. 5 _$ 9 2 5 and u n d e r $ 9 5 0 ------------------------------ 1. 2 7. 3 . 1 - - - - 1 .8 6. 6 4. 5 -$950 and u n d e r $ 9 7 5 ------------------------------ 2. 5 2. 7 . 4 - - - - 1 .5 6. 4 5. 3 -$ 9 7 5 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 0 0 ------------------------- 1. 2 4. 9 2. 6 - - - - 1. 2 5 .9 5 .0 3. 4$ 1 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 5 0 ---------------------- 9 .2 7 .4 4. 1 _ _ _ _ 2. 3 9 .4 12. 9 3. 8$ 1 ,0 5 0 and unde r $ 1 ,1 0 0 ---------------------- 4. 2 1 0 .5 8. 8 (0 .6 ) - - - .9 5. 4 12. 3 6. 4$ 1 ,1 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,1 5 0 ---------------------- 3. 3 8. 0 5. 2 1 .0 - - - 1 .0 4. 7 10. 6 3. 4$ 1 ,1 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 0 0 ---------------------- 2. 1 9 .8 5. 5 2. 0 - - - ( .9 ) 2 .9 8. 8 1 1 .5$ 1 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 5 0 ---------------------- . 7 3. 2 5. 7 2. 2 - - - - 1. 5 9. 0 10. 7$ 1 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 0 0 ---------------------- 1 .4 7 .9 1 1 .0 9. 6 - - - - (1 .1 ) 5. 5 19. 7$ 1 ,3 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 5 0 ---------------------- (3. 5) 3. 9 13. 1 1 1 .6 - - - - - 5. 6 8. 5$ 1 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 0 0 ---------------------- - 1 .9 6. 3 3. 8 (1 .4 ) - - - - 1 .7 6. 0$ 1 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 5 0 ---------------------- - 1 .7 6. 8 4. 2 1. 2 - - - 1 .9 5. 1$ 1 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 0 0 ---------------------- - .9 5. 1 8. 3 3. 2 - - 1 .0 3. 8

$ 1 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 5 0 - ------- - 1 .0 6 .0 5 .4 1. 5 - - - - (1 .6 ) 4. 7$ 1 ,5 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 0 0 ---------------------- - (1 .6 ) 3. 0 4. 8 2. 4 - - - - - 2. 1$ 1 ,6 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 5 0 ---------------------- - - 2. 1 4. 4 2 .9 (1 .5 ) - - - - 4. 3$ 1 ,6 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 0 0 ---------------------- - - 3. 2 10. 6 9. 5 5. 8 - - - - . 4$ 1 ,7 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 5 0 ---------------------- - - 2. 6 6 . 4 3. 2 2. 1 - - - - 2. 6

$ 1 ,7 5 0 and u nde r $ 1 ,8 0 0 ---------------------- - - 1. 1 3. 2 4. 7 1. 3 - - - - -$ 1 ,8 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 5 0 ---------------------- - - 1 .5 3. 1 1 3 .9 1. 3 - - - - . 9$ 1 ,8 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 0 0 ---------------------- - - (2. 3) 2. 2 2. 1 3. 4 - - - - 1 .7$ 1 ,9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 5 0 ---------------------- - - - 4. 3 7. 6 1. 1 - - - - . 9$ 1 ,9 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 0 0 ---------------------- - - 2. 4 3. 5 7. 0 - - " -$ 2 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 5 0 ---------------------- _ - - 1. 3 6. 6 1 .9 _ _ _ _ _$ 2 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 , 1 0 0 ---------------------- - - - 1 .6 7. 5 2. 8 - - - - -$ 2 , 100 and u n d e r $ 2 , 1 5 0 ---------------------- - - - 1. 1 2. 7 2. 1 - - - - -$ 2 ,1 5 0 and un d e r $ 2 ,2 0 0 ---------------------- - - - 2. 2 2. 4 5. 5 - - - - -$ 2 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 5 0 ------------------ — - - - . 9 4. 6 2. 3 - - - -$ 2 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,3 0 0 ---------------------- - _ _ . 5 1. 5 5. 8 _ _ _ _ _$ 2 ,3 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,3 5 0 ---------------------- - - - . 2 2. 1 3. 4 - - - - -$ 2 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 0 0 ---------------------- - - - . 2 2. 7 2. 8 - - - _ _$ 2 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 5 0 ---------------------- - - - . 3 2. 7 4. 3 - _ _ _ _$ 2 ,4 5 0 and unde r $ 2 ,5 0 0 ---------------------- - - - . 1 1 .8 2. 8 - - - - -$ 2 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 5 0 ---------------------- _ _ _ . 2. 4 2. 8 _ . _ _ _$ 2 ,5 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2, 6 0 0 ---------------------- - - - - . 3 3. 2 - - - _ _$ 2 ,6 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,6 5 0 ---------------------- - - - 1. 3 1. 2 2. 8 - - - _ _$ 2 ,6 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,7 0 0 ---------------------- - - - ( .1 ) 1. 1 5. 3 - - - - -$ 2 ,7 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,7 5 0 ---------------------- - - - . 2 3. 4 - - - - -$ 2 ,7 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,8 0 0 ---------------------- - _ _ _ . 6 2. 3 _ _ _ _ _$ 2 ,8 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,8 5 0 ---------------------- - - - - 1. 1 2. 3 - - - - -$ 2 ,8 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,9 0 0 ---------------------- - - - - (1 .1 ) 1 .3 - - - - -$ 2 ,9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,9 5 0 ---------------------- - - - - 1. 1 - - - - -$ 2 ,9 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,0 0 0 ---------------------- - - - - - . 4 - - - - -$ 3 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,0 5 0 ---------------------- - _ - - _ . 6 . . _ _ .$ 3 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,1 0 0 ---------------------- - - - - - 1. 3 - - . . _$ 3 ,1 0 0 and u n d e r $ 3, 1 5 0 ---------------------- - - . - - 1. 1 - - - _ .$ 3 ,1 5 0 and unde r $ 3 ,2 0 0 ---------------------- - - - . - .9 - - - - -$ 3 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,2 5 0 —-----------——— - - - 3. 2 - - - -$ 3 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,3 0 0 -------------------- _ _ _ _ 3 .0 . _ _ _ _

$ 3, 300 and u n d e r $ 3, 3 5 0 -------------------- - - - - - 4. 3 _ _ _ . _$ 3 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,4 0 0 —---------—— — - - - - - . 4 _ _ _ _ _$ 3 , 400 and u n d e r $ 3 ,4 5 0 -------------------- - - - - - . 4 - - _ . _$ 3 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,5 0 0 -------------------- - - - - - . 2 - - - - -$ 3 ,5 0 0 and o v e r --------------------------------- - . - - - 2. 6 - _ _ _ -

Total ----------------------------------------- 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100 .0N um ber of em p loyees-------------------------- 568 1 ,3 1 6 1 ,6 4 0 1 ,6 2 6 655 469 2 ,7 0 8 9 ,8 8 4 1 3 ,8 0 9 4 ,9 0 9 234A verage m onthly s a l a r i e s ------------------- $918 $ 1 ,0 6 5 $ 1 ,3 2 3 $ 1 ,5 9 7 $ 1 ,9 7 4 $ 2 ,4 5 2 $65 6 $ 772 $912 $1 ,096 $ 1 ,3 0 6

See fo o tn o te s a t end of ta b le .


23


( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e o c c u p a t io n s , by a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H a w a ii, 1 Ju n e 1969)

Jo b a n a ly s ts D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e l

I II III IV I II III IV

$400 and u n d e r $ 4 2 5 --------------------------------------- 2. 3 . . . . .$ 4 2 5 and u n d e r $ 4 5 0 --------------------------------------- - - - - - - - -$45 0 and u n d e r $ 4 7 5 --------------------------------------- - - - - - - - -$ 4 7 5 and u n d e r $ 5 0 0 ---------------------------------------- 3. 1 - - - - - - -

$50 0 and u n d e r $ 5 2 5 ---------------------------------------- 3 .9 (1 .9 ) _ _ _ _ _ _$ 5 2 5 and u n d e r $ 5 5 0 ---------------------------------------- 7. 0 2. 8 - - - - - -$55 0 and u n d e r $ 5 7 5 ---------------------------------------- 6. 2 1. 3 - - - - - -$ 5 7 5 and u n d e r $ 6 0 0 -------- ------------------------------- 1 .6 4. 4 - - - - - -

$ 6 0 0 and u n d e r $ 6 2 5 ---------------------------------------- 10. 1 1 .6 - - - - - -$ 6 2 5 and u n d e r $ 6 5 0 ---------------------------------------- 2. 3 5. 6 (1 .7 ) - - - - -$650 and u n d e r $ 6 7 5 ---------------------------------------- 9 . 3 4. 1 2. 3 - - - -$ 6 7 5 and u n d e r $ 7 0 0 ---------------------------------------- 15. 5 4. 1 . 9 1. 2 - “ -

$ 700 and u n d e r $ 7 2 5 ------------------------ — ------ 5. 4 7. 8 4. 8 . 2 _ - - -$ 7 2 5 and u n d e r $ 7 5 0 --------------------------------------- 5. 4 13. 5 1 .7 1. 2 4. 1 - - -$750 and u n d e r $ 7 7 5 ---------------------------------------- 3 .9 9 . 7 7 .4 1 .4 - - - -$ 7 7 5 and u n d e r $ 8 0 0 ---------------------------------------- 6. 2 5. 3 6. 0 4. 2 6. 8 - - -

$80 0 and u n d e r $ 8 2 5 ------------------- ------------------- 2. 3 8. 8 6 .9 . 7 . 2 (0 .5 ) - -$ 8 2 5 and u n d e r $ 8 5 0 ---------------------------------------- 5. 4 8. 5 7. 7 1 .2 1 1 .6 2. 4 - -$85 0 and u n d e r $ 8 7 5 ---------------------------------------- 7. 0 6. 6 7 .9 3. 8 4. 6 . 7 -$ 875 and u n d e r $ 9 0 0 --------------------------------------- (3 .1 ) 3. 4 5. 6 2. 3 7. 4 1 .8 - -

$ 9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 9 2 5 --------------------------------------- _ 6 .9 7. 7 3. 7 4 . 5 7 .0 - -$ 925 and u n d e r $ 9 5 0 --------------------------------------- - 1. 3 5. 6 3. 8 1 .9 . 8 - -$ 950 and u n d e r $ 9 7 5 --------------------------------------- - (2 .5 ) 1 1 .9 2. 6 6. 8 1 .4 - -$ 9 7 5 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 0 0 ------------------------------------ - - 5. 4 4. 2 5 .9 . 7

$ 1 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 5 0 -------------------------------- _ _ 11 .0 9 .9 18. 3 18. 4 (3 .0 ) -$ 1 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,1 0 0 -------------------------------- - - 3. 2 17. 6 8. 0 7 .9 7 . 5 -$ 1 ,1 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,1 5 0 -------------------------------- - - 1 .2 12. 6 3. 2 14. 7 4. 3 -$ 1 ,1 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 0 0 -------------------------------- - - (1 .1 ) 9. 4 2. 3 7. 0 5 .7 -$ 1 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - 6. 3 4 .9 5. 8 9 .6 (1 .5 )

$ 1 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 0 0 -------------------------------- _ _ _ 4. 4 2. 2 8. 8 10. 0 5. 1$ 1 ,3 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - 3. 8 4. 2 5 .0 8 .9 4. 2$ 1 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - 2. 4 2. 3 3. 8 7 .9 3 .9$ 1 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - 1 .4 ( .8 ) 3. 8 5. 3 5 .4$ 1 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - (1 .6 ) 2. 1 3. 8 5. 1

$ 1 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 5 0 -------------------------------- _ _ _ - _ 3. 3 7. 1 9 .0$ 1 ,5 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - 1 .6 4. 5 6. 1$ 1 ,6 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - . 4 6. 8 5 .9$ 1 ,6 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - . 2 3. 2 8. 1$ 1 ,7 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - .6 2. 2 3 .9

$ 1 ,7 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 0 0 -------------------------------- _ _ - - - 1 .0 3. 1 2. 4$ 1 ,8 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - - ( .3 ) 2. 3 7. 1$ 1 ,8 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - - 1. 3 2 .9$ 1 ,9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - . 6 7. 8$ 1 ,9 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - - " - 1 .1 4. 2

$ 2 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 5 0 -------------------------------- _ _ _ - - - (1 .8 ) 4 .9$ 2 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,1 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - - 4. 2$ 2 , 100 and u n d e r $ 2 , 1 50-------------------------------- - - - - - - - 2 .0$ 2 , 150 and u n d e r $ 2 , 2 00-------------------------------- - - - - - - - . 7$ 2 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 5 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - - . 5

$ 2 , 250 and u n d e r $ 2 , 3 00-------------------------------- _ - _ - - . - . 5$ 2 , 300 and u n d e r $ 2 , 3 50-------------------------------- - - - - - - - 1 .0$ 2 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 0 0 -------------------------------- - - - - - - - . 7$ 2 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 5 0 ----------------- ;-------------- - - - - - - - . 5$ 2 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 0 0 -------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - . 2

$ 2 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 5 0 -------------------------------------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ . 1 . 2$ 2 ,5 5 0 and o v e r -------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - ( .9 )

T o ta l ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

N u m b e r of e m p lo y e e s ---------------------------------------------------

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s -------------------------------------------

1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0

129

$678

319

$757

648

$883

573

$ 1 ,0 6 9

1 ,1 0 1

$987

2, 105

$ 1 ,1 6 0

1 ,1 4 2

$ 1 ,3 9 5

409

$ 1 ,7 1 5

S ee fo o tn o te s a t end of ta b le .


24


( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e o c c u p a tio n s , by a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H a w a ii, 1 J u n e 1969)

C h e m is tsA v e ra g e m o n th ly s a la r ie s

U n d er $ 550 ---------------$550 and u n d e r $575 $57 5 and u n d e r $b00

$600 and u n d e r $62 5 $ 6 2 5 and u n d e r $650 $650 and u n d e r $67 5 $ 6 7 5 and u n d e r $700

$700 and u n d e r $725 $ 7 2 5 and u n d e r $750 $750 and u n d e r $77 5 $775 and u n d e r $800

$800 and u n d e r $ 8 2 5 ------$ 8 2 5 and u n d e r $ 8 5 0 ------$850 and u n d e r $ 8 7 5 ------$87 5 and u n d e r $ 9 0 0 ------

$900 and u n d e r $ 9 2 5 ------$ 9 2 5 and u n d e r $ 9 5 0 ------$95 0 and u n d e r $ 9 7 5 ------$97 5 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 0 0 —

$ 1 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 5 0 - $ 1 ,0 5 0 and u nde r $ 1 ,1 0 0 - $ 1 ,1 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,1 5 0 - $ 1 ,1 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 0 0 - $ 1 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,2 5 0 -

$ 1 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 0 0 - $ 1 ,3 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,3 5 0 - $ 1 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 0 0 - $ 1 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,4 5 0 - $ 1 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 0 0 -

$ 1 ,5 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,5 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,6 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,7 0 0 and u n d e r

11 ,550- 11 ,600- 11 ,650- 11 ,700- 11 ,750-

$ 1 ,7 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,8 5 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 0 0 and u n d e r $ 1 ,9 5 0 and u n d e r

1 ,8 0 0 -11 ,850-11, 9 0 0 -11 ,950-12, 0 0 0 -

$ 2 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 5 0 - $ 2 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,1 0 0 - $ 2 ,1 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 , 150- $ 2 ,1 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 0 0 - $ 2 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 5 0 -

$ 2 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,3 0 0 - $ 2 , 300 and u n d e r $ 2 , 350- $ 2 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 0 0 - $ 2 ,4 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 5 0 - $ 2 ,4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2, 500-



$ 3 ,0 0 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,0 5 0 - $ 3 ,0 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3, 100- $ 3, 100 and unde r $ 3 ,1 5 0 - $ 3 ,1 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,2 0 0 - $ 3 ,2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,2 5 0 -

$ 3 ,2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,3 0 0 - $ 3, 300 and u n d e r $ 3, 350- $ 3 ,3 5 0 and u n d e r $ 3 ,4 0 0 - $ 3 ,4 0 0 and o v e r --------------

T o ta l

N u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s --------------------------------------

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s -------------------------------

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

(0 .7 ) . . . .2. 4 1 .7

“ _ “ “

6. 38. 5 (1 .4 ) - - - - - -7. 4 4. 7 (1 .0 ) - - - - -5. 7 5. 2 1. 1 - - - - -

10. 8 9. 1 1 .8 _ _ _ _ _13. 2 6 .9 1 .9 - - - - -12. 7 12. 2 4 .9 - - - - -1 0 .0 9. 8 5. 4 (1 .7 ) - - - -

6. 8 11. 2 6 .9 1. 1 _ _ _ _6. 6 8. 6 6. 6 2. 0 - - - -4. 5 9 . 7 9 .8 2. 0 - - - -1 .4 6. 4 9 .0 2. 0 - - - -

(1 .3 ) 5. 3 8. 7 3. 7 _ _ _ _3. 3 5 .9 3. 7 - - - -

- 2. 0 6. 1 5. 5 - - - -- 1 .6 5. 4 4. 3 (2 .4 ) - - -_ 1 .8 9 . 6 1 2 .9 2. 1 _ _ _- ( .6 ) 5. 7 11. 6 4. 2 (1 .8 ) - -- 3. 7 1 1 .0 6. 3 1. 3 - -- - 1 .9 8. 0 7. 7 1 .5 - -- - 1 .9 6. 6 9 .0 3. 4 - -_ _ 1 .4 7. 5 11 .0 4. 2 _ _- - (1 .2 ) 6. 0 10. 5 5. 5 - -- - - 4. 5 10. 6 7. 4 (2 .4 ) -- - - 2. 7 7. 5 7. 8 1 .4 -- - - 1 .9 8. 3 10. 3 6. 5 (1 .3 )

_ _ _ (1 .5 ) 6. 8 9. 4 5. 6 1. 1- - - - 5 .0 7. 5 4. 4 . 6- - - - 3 .9 9. 3 7. 9 .9- - - - 1. 5 7. 3 6. 1 4. 5- - - - 1. 2 7. 5 8. 4 4. 5

_ _ _ _ (1 .9 ) 4. 1 5. 6 4. 1- - - - - 3. 7 6. 5 3. 4- - - - - 2. 3 4 .9 4. 1- - - - - 1 .9 5. 8 7. 3- - - - 1. 5 3. 5 5. 2

_ _ _ _ (2 .4 ) 2. 3 8 .4- - - - - - 5. 6 3. 7- - - - - - 1 .9 4. 7- - - - - - 2. 1 3 .9- - - - - - 4. 0 1. 3

_ _ _ _ _ _ 4 .0 2. 6_ _ _ - - - 2. 7 2. 8- - - - - - . 8 2. 4- - _ - - - 2. 4 . 6- - - - - - . 7 1 .7

_ _ _ _ _ _ . 5 2. 2_ _ _ - - - . 2 2. 1- - - - - - . 2 3. 2- - - - - - . 9 1. 7- - - - - - 1. 2 1 .9

_ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 1 1. 3

: : - : :-

( .4 ) 4. 3 . 9 .9

1. 1

: : - : :: :

. 4

4. 3 . 6 . 7

-: -

- -:

-3 .9

1. 1

1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0

1 ,9 4 9 4 ,5 7 7 9 ,0 8 4 1 1 ,0 5 9 8 ,7 9 7 4 ,4 8 6 1 ,8 4 8 534

$728 $802 $922 $ 1 ,1 1 3 $ 1 ,3 4 0 $ 1 ,5 4 4 $ 1 ,8 7 3 $ 2 ,2 5 8

S ee fo o tn o te s a t end of tab le .


25


( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e o c c u p a tio n s , by a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H a w a ii, 1 Ju n e 1969)

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a la r ie sE n g in e e rs

I II III IVV VI VII VIII

(1 .2 )1 .0

- - - - - - -

1 .81 .7 (1 .8 ) : - - - - -

3 .9 1. 2 _ _ _ _ - -

6. 3 1 .9 (1 .0 ) - - - - -1 0 .5 4. 2 1.1 - - - - -14. 5 5. 8 1. 8 - - - - -

18. 4 10. 1 2. 8 . _ - _ -

17. 4 13. 1 4. 4 - - - - -10. 1 14. 1 6. 1 (1 .9 ) - - - -

6. 8 13. 6 6. 2 1. 2 - - - -

3. 3 1 1 .9 8 .9 2. 0 _ _ - -

1 .8 7. 2 8. 0 2. 2 - - - -

(1 .4 ) 4 .9 9. 5 3. 2 - - - -

- 4. 3 9. 1 3. 4 (1 .8 ) - - -

_ 3. 4 17. 4 9. 4 2. 5 _ _ _

- 1 .6 1 1 .4 12. 2 3 .9 ( l . D - -- ( .8 ) 6. 5 14. 4 6. 0 1 .4 - -- 3. 3 12. 8 7. 3 1 .9 (0 .7 ) -

- - 1 .9 11 .1 9 . 2 2. 7 1 .0 -_ _ ( .6 ) 9. 7 11. 5 4. 7 1. 3 _

- - 6. 2 11 .9 6. 4 1 .9 -_ _ - 4. 1 10. 4 6. 5 2. 7 -- - - 2. 5 9. 6 7 .9 3 .6 (1 .0 )- - - 1 .9 7. 5 9. 1 4. 4 1. 2

_ _ _ (1 .8 ) 5. 8 10. 2 5 .0 2. 7- - - - 3. 8 8 .9 5. 6 2. 5- - - - 3. 0 8. 7 6. 4 5. 6- - - - 2. 0 7. 8 8. 4 4. 6- - - - 1. 3 6. 2 7. 5 5 .9

_ _ _ _ 1 .0 4. 8 8 .0 5. 6- - - - (1 .7 ) 3. 3 8. 4 7. 3- - - - 2. 3 6. 3 5. 7- - - - - 1. 8 6. 3 7. 3- - - - - 1 .4 6. 1 7. 0

_ _ _ _ _ (2 .9 ) 3. 6 5. 2- - - - - - 2 .9 6. 4- - - - - - 2. 1 5. 1- - - - - - 1 .8 4. 1- - - ' - 1 .4 2. 6

_ _ _ _ _ _ 1 .2 3. 5- - - - - - 1 .0 4. 4

- - -:

- -(2 .6 ) 1 .8

1. 41. 5

1 .6

: : : : : ::

! 5 . 4 . 7

(4 .1 )

100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0

1 3 ,8 4 8 3 4 ,2 2 4 8 8 ,5 8 7 1 2 1 ,8 8 2 7 9 ,1 3 9 4 1 ,0 3 2 1 4 ,9 5 3 3 ,4 6 6

$ 805 $ 871 $ 975 $ 1 ,1 5 8 $ 1 ,3 4 2 $ 1 ,5 4 8 $ 1 ,7 6 7 $ 2 ,0 0 2

U n d er $ 625 ---------------$62 5 and u n d e r $ 6 5 0 - $650 and u n d e r $ 6 7 5 - $ 675 and u n d e r $ 7 0 0 -

$700 and u n d e r $ 7 2 5 - $ 725 and u n d e r $ 7 5 0 - $750 and u n d e r $ 7 7 5 - $ 7 7 5 and u n d e r $ 8 0 0 -

$800 and u n d e r $ 8 2 5 - $82 5 and u n d e r $ 8 5 0 - $850 and u n d e r $ 8 7 5 - $ 8 7 5 and u n d e r $ 9 0 0 -

$90 0 and u n d e r $ 9 2 5 ----$ 925 and u n d e r $ 9 5 0 ----$950 and u n d e r $ 9 7 5 ----$97 5 and u n d e r $ 1 ,0 0 0 -





000 and u n d e r $ 2 ,0 5 0 - 050 and u n d e r $ 2 ,1 0 0 - 100 and u n d e r $ 2 ,1 5 0 - 150 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 0 0 - 200 and u n d e r $ 2 ,2 5 0 -

250 and u n d e r $ 2 ,3 0 0 - 300 and u n d e r $ 2 , 350- 350 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 0 0 - 400 and u n d e r $ 2 ,4 5 0 - 450 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 0 0 -

500 and u n d e r $ 2 ,5 5 0 - 550 and u n d e r $ 2 ,6 0 0 - 600 and u n d e r $ 2 ,6 5 0 - 650 and u n d e r $ 2 ,7 0 0 - 700 and u n d e r $ 2 ,7 5 0 -

$ 2 ,7 5 0 and o v e r ---------------

T o ta l

N u m b er of e m p lo y e e s -------

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a la r ie s ■

F o r sco p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A. To avo id show ing s m a l l p ro p o r t io n s of e m p lo y e e s s c a t te r e d a t o r n e a r th e e x tr e m e s of th e d i s tr ib u tio n fo r so m e o c c u p a tio n s , th e p e rc e n ta g e s of e m p lo y e e s in th e s e in te r v a l s h av e b e e n a c c u m u la te d and a r e show n in th e i n te r v a l above o r b e lo w the e x tr e m e in te r v a l c o n ta in in g a t l e a s t 1 p e rc e n t . T he p e rc e n ta g e s r e p r e s e n tin g th e s e e m p lo y e e s a r e show n in p a re n th e s e s .

NO TE: B e c a u se of ro u n d in g , su m s of in d iv id u a l i te m s m ay n o t eq u a l 100.


26

Table 5. Employment Distribution by Salary: Engineering Technicians

( P e rc e n t d is t r ib u t io n of e n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s , by a v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la sk a an d H a w a ii, Ju n e 1969)

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a la r ie sE n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s

i II i n IV V

U n d e r $ 3 2 5 ------ (0. 8)$ 325 and u n d e r $ 3 5 0 ....................................... 2. 0 - - - -

$ 350 and u n d e r $ 375 ___________________ 2. 5 - - - -

$ 375 and u n d e r $ 4 0 0 ___________________ 4. 0 (1 .0 ) - - -

$ 4 0 0 an d u n d e r $ 4 2 5 ___ _____________ 8. 2 1. 0 _ . .

$ 425 an d u n d e r $ 4 5 0 ___________________ 9. 3 1. 5 - - -

$ 4 5 0 and u n d e r $ 4 7 5 . .................................. 11. 1 3. 6 - - -

$ 475 an d u n d e r $ 5 0 0 ___________________ 12. 4 6. 4 (1 .4 ) - -

$ 500 and u n d e r $ 5 2 5 ___________________ 16. 4 10. 5 2. 4 . .

$ 525 and u n d e r $ 550 ___________________ 8. 7 10. 4 3. 6 (1 .4 ) -

$ 550 and u n d e r $ 5 7 5 _____________ ____ 9. 3 12. 4 6. 1 1. 1 -

$ 575 and u n d e r $ 600 ___________ ______ 6. 1 11. 7 6. 3 1. 5 -

$ 600 and u n d e r $ £25 5. 3 12. 2 11. 1 2. 7 .

$ 625 an d u n d e r $ 6 5 0 ....................................... 2. 5 9. 0 11. 1 4. 0 (1. 5)$ 650 and u n d e r $ 675 ___________________ 1. 0 7. 3 11. 9 5. 9 1. 4$ 675 an d u n d e r $ 7 0 0 - .................................... ( .4 ) 4. 5 10. 0 6. 2 2. 1

$ 700 and u n d e r $ 7 2 5 . _________________ . 3. 7 10. 2 9. 5 3. 5$ 725 an d u n d e r $75 0 ____ _____________ - 1. 7 7. 9 10. 2 3. 9$ 750 an d u n d e r $77 5 .................................. — - 1. 1 6. 1 10. 5 6. 4$ 775 and u n d e r $ 8 0 0 ....................................... - (1. 9) 4. 7 9. 1 8. 9

$ 800 an d u n d e r $ 825 ........ ........................ _ _ 2. 8 7. 8 11. 0$825 and u n d e r $ 8 5 0 ___________________ - - 1. 9 7. 3 10. 8$ 850 an d u n d e r $ 8 7 5 ___________________ - - (2. 3) 6. 6 10. 4$ 875 a n d u n d e r $ 9 0 0 ....................................... - - 4. 7 8. 2

$ 900 an d u n d e r $ 9 2 5 ----------------------------- _ _ _ 3. 6 6. 3$ 925 and u n d e r $ 9 5 0 __________ _______ - - - 2. 1 5. 1$ 950 and u n d e r $ 975 ___________________ - - - 2. 0 4. 1$ 975 an d u n d e r $ 1, 000 _________________ - " - 1. 0 5. 2

$ 1, 000 and u n d e r $ 1, 050 ---------------------- _ _ _ . 4 7. 1$ 1, 050 and u n d e r $ 1, 1 0 0 ---------------------- - - - . 6 2. 4$ 1, 100 and u n d e r $ 1, 1 5 0 ---------------------- - - - 1. 3 1. 0$ 1, 150 and o v e r ---------------------------- — - - - - (•4) (. 2 1 ___

T o ta l 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

N u m b e r of e m p lo y e e s ----------------------------

A v e ra g e m o n th ly s a l a r i e s ----------------------

6, 100

$ 495

15 ,7 5 2

$584

2 8 ,1 8 5

$ 670

3 2 ,3 3 7

$775

16, 903

$860

1 F o r sc o p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A . T o av o id show ing s m a l l p ro p o r t io n s of e m p lo y e e s s c a t t e r e d a t o r n e a r th e e x tr e m e s of th e d is t r ib u t io n s fo r so m e o c c u p a tio n s , the p e rc e n ta g e s of e m p lo y e e s in th e s e i n te r v a l s h a v e b e e n a c c u m u la te d and a r e show n in th e i n te r v a l a b o v e o r be low th e e x tr e m e in te r v a l c o n ta in in g a t l e a s t 1 p e rc e n t . T he p e rc e n ta g e s r e p r e s e n tin g th e s e e m p lo y e e s a r e show n in p a re n th e s e s .

N O T E : B e c a u se of ro u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l i te m s m ay n o t e q u a l 100.


2 7

Table 6. Employment Distribution by Salary: Drafting and Clerical Occupations

( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d d ra f t in g and c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s , by a v e ra g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H aw aii, 1 Ju n e 1969)

A v e ra g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s

D ra f ts m e n -t r a c e r s

D ra f ts m e n C l e r k s , a c co u n tin g

C l e r k s , f ile

K eypuncho p e ra to r s

O fficeb o y s

o rg i r l siII III i II i n III i II

U n d e r $ 6 0 - (1 .3 ) (0 .5 ) 0. 3$ 6 0 and unde r $ 6 5________ 0. 7 - - - (1 .0 ) - 14. 0 2. 4 (0 .5 ) (0 .9 ) - 5. 7$ 6 5 and unde r $ 7 0 ------------ 1. 2 - - - 3. 9 - 22. 1 10. 5 1. 2 3. 4 (0 .3 ) 1 1 .5$ 7 0 and u n d e r $ 7 5 ________ 2. 0 - - - 7. 1 - 2 3 .7 19. 3 3 .9 9. 3 1. 3 18. 5

$ 7 5 and u n d e r $ 8 0 ------------ 3. 6 (0 .5 ) _ _ 10. 3 (1 .2 ) 14. 6 15. 7 6. 5 11 .2 2. 7 15. 8$ 8 0 and u n d e r $ 8 5 ------------ 12 .4 1. 1 - - 11 .9 1. 8 10. 4 15 .9 9. 7 14. 1 5. 7 1 5 .4$ 8 5 and u n d e r $ 9 0 — __ 7. 7 2. 2 - - 12. 3 3. 6 6 . 1 12. 0 10. 7 13. 1 8. 1 10. 7$ 9 0 and u n d e r $ 9 5 ________ 12 .9 4 . 3 - - 11. 8 4. 8 3. 2 6 .9 9 .5 10. 8 10. 5 6 . 2$ 9 5 and u n d e r $ 1 0 0 ----------- 10. 7 4. 3 - ' 9. 5 5 .6 1. 9 4 . 6 9. 4 9. 7 12. 0 4 . 4

$ 100 and u n d e r $ 1 0 5 -------- 8. 9 8. 3 (1 .4 ) _ 7. 7 6 . 9 (2 .7 ) 3. 6 9. 9 8 .4 13. 1 3. 0$ 105 and unde r $ 1 1 0 -------- 9. 1 7. 5 1. 0 - 5. 0 8. 5 2. 6 6. 3 4. 7 10. 4 1. 9$ 110 and unde r $ 1 1 5 -------- 7. 7 7. 5 2. 2 - 4. 3 6 . 6 - 1. 8 6. 8 3 .9 8. 8 2 .7$ 1 1 5 and u n d e r $ 1 2 0 -------- 6. 1 9. 1 2. 8 - 3. 4 9. 3 - 1. 5 5. 3 2. 3 6 . 8 1. 4$ 120 and u n d e r $ 1 2 5 -------- 5 .4 9. 0 3. 9 - 2 .6 8. 0 - 1. 0 4 .4 2. 1 5 .9 1. 1

$ 125 and u n d e r $ 1 3 0 _____ 3. 8 8. 4 4. 7 (1 .1 ) 2. 7 6. 8 _ (1 .7 ) 3. 7 2 .6 4 . 8 (1 .3 )$ 130 and u n d e r $ 1 3 5 -------- 1. 7 8. 6 7. 0 1. 1 2. 1 6 . 1 - - 4. 2 1. 7 3. 9 -$ 135 and u n d e r $ 1 4 0 -------- 1. 4 7. 8 7. 6 1. 2 1. 7 6. 2 - - 3 .7 ( 2 . 0) 2. 9 -$ 140 and u n d e r $ 1 4 5 _____ 1. 7 5. 6 7. 9 2. 8 1. 0 5. 0 - - 1. 4 - 1. 4 -

$ 145 an d u n d e r $ 1 5 0 -------- .9 5. 0 8. 2 2 .6 (1 .7 ) 4 . 0 - - (2 .8 ) - (1 .3 ) -

$ 150 and u n d e r $ 1 6 0 -------- 1. 3 4. 8 15 .2 7. 8 _ 6 . 8 _ _ _ _ _ _$ 160 and u n d e r $ 1 7 0 _____ ( .6 ) 3. 1 13. 8 12. 8 - 4. 7 - - - - - -$ 170 and u n d e r $ 1 8 0 -------- 1. 7 10. 3 13. 6 - 2. 2 - - - _ - -$ 180 and u n d e r $ 190 —------ - (1 .4 ) 6 .4 16. 5 - (2. 1) - - - - - -$ 190 and u n d e r $ 2 p 0 _____ - - 4 . 0 11. 7 - * - - - - - *

$ 200 and u n d e r $21 0 _____ _ _ 2. 1 9. 0 _ . . . . . . .

$ 210 and u n d e r $220 -------- - - 1 .0 5. 3 - _ - _ _ _ _ -$ 220 and u n d e r $23 0 -------- - - ( .6 ) 4. 5 - - - _ _ _ _ _$ 230 and u n d e r $24 0 -------- - - 2. 7 - _ - - _ _ _ _$ 240 and u n d e r $250 -------- - - - 2. 6 - - - - - - - -

$ 2 5 0 and u n d e r $ 2 6 0 _____ _ _ _ 2. 1 . . .

$ 2 6 0 and u n d e r $ 2 7 0 _____ - - . 9 _ _ _ _$ 2 7 0 and unde r $ 2 8 0 _____ - - - 1 .7 - - - - _ _ _ _

Total________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

N u m b e r of e m p lo y e e s ____ 5, 818 2 1 ,5 0 1 3 4 ,2 9 2 2 8 ,6 8 9 8 9 ,0 0 4 5 7 ,3 2 4 31, 134 2 9 ,4 8 8 8, 978 6 2 ,8 3 8 4 5 ,5 6 8 28, 066

A v e ra g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s __ $ 101.50 $124. 00 $153. 00 $187. 00 $ 9 5 . 00 $123. 50 $74. 50 $ 8 3 . 00 $ 102. 00 $92. 00 $105. 00 $82. 00

See fo o tn o te s a t end of tab le ,


28

Table 6. Employment Distribution by Salary: Drafting and Clerical Occupations— Continued

( P e rc e n t d i s t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d d ra f t in g and c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , b y a v e ra g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s , U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H aw aii, 1 Ju n e 1969)

A v e ra g e w e e k ly s a la r ie sS e c re t a r i e s S te n o g

r a p h e r s , g e n e ra l

S ten o g r a p h e r s ,

s e n io r

S w itc h b o a rdo p e ra to r s

T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e ra to r s T y p is ts

i ii i n IV i II i II i n i II

U n d e r $ 6 0 --------------------------------------- (0 .5 ) 0. 2$ 6 0 and u n d e r $ 6 5 _ _ - - - - (0 .4 ) - 3. 3 _ 0. 1 . _ 1 .4 _$ 6 5 and unde r $ 7 0 ------------------------- - - - - 1. 6 - 4. 3 (0 .8 ) 3. 5 - - 6. 9 (0 .9 )$ 7 0 and unde r $ 7 5 (1 .3 ) - - - 4. 6 (0 .9 ) 9. 3 1. 4 4 . 2 (0 .7 ) - 13. 8 2 . 8

$ 7 5 and unde r $ 8 0 ------------------------- 1. 5 (1 .2 ) (0 .5 ) _ 6 . 2 1. 3 7. 7 1. 1 10. 9 1. 7 . 15 .6 5 .6$ 8 0 and u n d e r $ 8 5 ________________ 3. 3 1. 0 1 .5 - 9. 0 3. 6 11. 4 4. 7 13. 5 2. 6 _ 17. 0 9. 7$ 8 5 and u n d e r $ 9 0 — 4. 7 1. 5 1. 3 - 11. 3 5. 3 11. 6 6 .6 10 .6 3. 3 _ 14. 2 13. 3$ 9 0 and u n d e r $ 9 5 ________________ 6. 8 2. 9 2. 5 (2 .6 ) 11. 1 7. 9 12. 2 7. 9 9 .2 5. 7 (1 .2 ) 10. 0 13. 6$ 9 5 and unde r $ 100 __ 8. 1 3. 8 3. 1 1 .7 11. 2 9. 0 8. 1 10. 4 9 .4 8. 5 1. 1 7. 3 12. 6

$ 100 and u n d e r $ 1 0 5 ______________ 11. 1 5. 9 4 . 6 2. 2 9 .6 10. 2 7. 9 10. 3 9. 6 9. 9 2. 0 4 . 9 11. 3$ 105 and u n d e r $ 1 1 0 ____ ___ — 9 .9 6. 1 3. 7 2. 3 8. 3 9. 9 4. 6 10. 7 7. 9 8. 6 3. 3 2. 6 7. 8$ 1 1 0 and unde r $ 1 1 5 ------------ 9 .0 7. 8 3 .9 3. 2 5. 9 8. 2 5. 2 8. 8 5. 0 10. 8 2. 7 1. 7 5. 5$ 11 5 and u n d e r $ 1 2 0 ----- ----- 10. 2 9 .4 7. 3 3. 8 5. 5 7. 7 5. 1 8. 8 3. 8 8. 3 7. 5 1. 5 5. 3$ 120 and u n d e r $ 1 2 5 --------------------- 8. 7 9 .2 6. 5 4. 3 4 . 3 7. 5 3 .4 9. 1 3. 1 6. 7 5. 7 . 8 3. 3

$ 125 and u n d e r $ 1 3 0 --------------------- 6 . 7 8. 6 8 .4 7. 3 3. 9 6. 5 2. 4 6 . 0 2. 5 6. 5 9 .2 1. 2 2. 5$ 130 and u n d e r $ 135 - 6 . 1 8. 2 7. 7 7. 4 3. 5 6. 3 1. 6 4. 6 3. 2 8. 1 9. 9 ( . 7 ) 2. 8$ 135 and u n d e r $ 140 - 4 . 2 7. 2 7. 5 7. 2 1. 8 7. 4 (1 .4 ) 4 . 3 1. 5 4 . 8 9. 1 1. 5$ 140 and u n d e r $ 1 4 5 --------------------- 3 .6 7. 9 7. 7 7. 4 (1 .9 ) 2. 9 1. 9 (2. 0) 3. 1 9. 5 - (1 .7 )$ 145 and u n d e r $ 150 1. 9 5. 4 6. 4 5 .6 - 2. 2 - 1. 2 3. 0 6. 9 -

$ 150 and u n d e r $ 160 1. 9 7. 3 11. 1 11. 1 _ 2. 4 _ 1. 1 _ 4. 9 11. 2 .$ 160 and u n d e r $ 1 7 0 --------------------- (1. 1) 4 . 0 7. 0 11. 7 - ( .8 ) - ( .4 ) - 1 .8 9. 0 _ _$ 170 and u n d e r $ 1 8 0 _____________ 1. 5 4 . 5 8. 5 - - - - - (. 8) 5. 3 _ _$ 180 and u n d e r $ 1 9 0 ______________ - (1. 1) 2. 5 5. 4 - - - - - 2. 7 _ _$ 190 an d u n d e r $ 2 0 0 — —_________ - 1. 5 3 .4 - - - - - - 1. 6 - -

$ 2 0 0 and u n d e r $ 2 1 0 --------------------- _ _ 1. 0 2. 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 1 _ _$ 21 0 and u n d e r $ 220 _______ - - - 1. 2 - - - - - - 1. 0 - _$ 2 2 0 and o v e r - - - (1. 1) - - - - - - _ _ _

T o ta l . . . 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

N u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s --------------------- 8 7 ,2 7 5 8 2 ,6 0 2 4 8 ,0 3 7 15 ,051 7 1 ,3 7 9 5 6 ,2 1 2 14 ,035 10, 826 5 ,2 9 7 1 0 ,1 3 0 5, 058 85, 292 4 5 ,4 0 9

A v e ra g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s --------------- $112. 50 $126. 50 $135. 00 $147. 50 $ 9 9 . 50 $113. 00 $92. 50 $ 1 0 9 .0 0 $96. 50 $116. 00 $141. 50 $ 8 5 . 50 $99. 00

1 F o r sc o p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A. To av o id show ing s m a l l p ro p o r t io n s of e m p lo y e e s s c a t t e r e d a t o r n e a r th e e x tr e m e s of the d i s t r ib u t io n fo r so m e o c c u p a tio n s , th e p e rc e n ta g e s of e m p lo y e e s in th e s e in te r v a l s h ave b e e n a c c u m u la te d and a r e show n in th e in te r v a l ab o v e o r b e lo w th e e x tr e m e in te r v a l c o n ta in in g a t l e a s t 1 p e rc e n t . T he p e rc e n ta g e s r e p r e s e n t in g th e s e e m p lo y e e s a r e show n in p a re n th e s e s .

N O T E : B e c a u se of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l i te m s m a y n o t e q u a l 100.


29

Table 7. Occupational Employment Distribution: By Industry Division

( P e rc e n t d is t r ib u t io n of e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , t e c h n ic a l , an d c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s , 1 by in d u s t ry d iv is io n , 2 U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a an d H a w a ii, Ju n e 1969)

O ccu p a tio n M an u fa c tu r in g

P u b lic u t i l i t ie s 3

W h o lesa let r a d e

R e ta ilt r a d e

F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e ,

andr e a l e s ta te

S e le c te d s e r v i c e s 4

P r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv eA c c o u n ta n ts ____ _____ __________________________ 69 11 7 (5) 8 (!)A u d ito r s _______________________ ________________ 39 17 8 6 29 (!)C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts _ ____ 58 7 8 7 16 (!)A t t o r n e y s _______________ ____ __________________ 25 18 6 (*) 47 (!)B u y e r s __________________________________________ 86 6 (!) ( !) (5 ) (5)Jo b a n a ly s t s ____________________________________ 71 4 (5) (5) 18 5D i r e c to r s of p e r s o n n e l_________________________ 71 (5) 6 6 12 (5)C h e m is ts _ _ _ __ ________ _ 91 (5) (! ) (5) (!) 7E n g in e e r s _ __ 80 9 (5) (5) <5 ) 11

T e c h n ic a l

E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s _______________________ 76 7 (!) (?) - 17D r a f t s m e n ______________________________________ 78 7 (5 ) (5) (5) 13

C le r ic a l

C le r k s , a c c o u n t in g ____________ _______________ 40 16 12 12 20 (5 )C le r k s , f ile 23 5 7 9 55 (!)K ey p u n ch o p e r a t o r s ____________ -______________ 42 11 12 8 26 (!)O ffice b oys o r g i r l s ____________________________ 36 12 9 4 36 (5 )S e c r e t a r i e s _____________________________________ 51 9 7 5 24 4S te n o g ra p h e rs __________________________________ 52 13 8 (5> 22 (!)S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s _________ _________ __ 32 13 7 15 31 !T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s _______________ 39 20 10 5 25 (5)T y p i s t s --------------------------------------------------------------- 41 7 5 4 41 (! )

1 E a c h o c c u p a tio n in c lu d e s th e w o rk le v e l s , a s d e fin e d fo r th e s u rv e y , fo r w h ich e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a te s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s w ith in sco p e of th e s tu d y a r e show n in ta b le 1.

2 F o r sco p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A .3 T ra n s p o r ta t io n ( l im ite d to r a i l r o a d , lo c a l and su b u rb a n p a s s e n g e r , d eep se a w a te r , and a i r t r a n s p o r ta t io n in d u s t r ie s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r i c ,

g a s , an d s a n ita ry s e r v ic e s .4 E n g in e e r in g and a r c h i te c tu r a l s e rv ic e s ; an d c o m m e rc ia l ly o p e ra te d r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t, an d te s t in g l a b o r a to r i e s on ly .5 L e s s th an 4 p e rc e n t .

Table 8. Relative Salary Levels: Occupation by Industry Division

(R e la tiv e s a la r y le v e ls fo r s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , an d c l e r ic a l o c c u p a t io n s 1 by in d u s t ry d iv is io n , 2 U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a an d H a w a ii, Ju n e 1969)

J A v e r a g e ^ s a la r ^ f o r^ e a c h ^ c c u g a tio i^ i^ a d l^ jn d u s tr ie s ^ O O )

O ccu p a tio n M a n u fa c tu r in g

P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3


R e ta ilt ra d e

f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e ,


S e le c te d s e r v i c e s 4

P r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv eA c c o u n tan ts 100 102 98 98 97 100A u d ito rs _ .... . ..... ... _. . 103 101 108 101 93 112C h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts ______________________________ 103 100 (5 ) (5 ) 97 93A tto rn e y s _____ 105 103 (5 ) 98 95 (5)B u y e rs 100 102 108 (5) (! ) 99Jo b a n a ly s t s . 102 103 (5 ) (5) 91 (5 )D i r e c to r s of p e r s o n n e l_________________________ 100 no 102 98 106 103C h e m is ts 100 (5 ) (! ) (5 ) (5 ) 105E n g in e e r s _ 101 96 (*) (5 ) (s ) 97

T e c h n ic a lE n g in e e r in g t e c h n i c ia n s _______________________ 99 106 (*) (5) (s ) 101D ra f ts m e n _ __ 100 99 98 98 96 100

C le r ic a lC le rk s , a cco u n tin g 104 105 104 91 91 104C le rk s , f ile __ 108 120 101 94 95 108K eypunch o p e r a t o r s ____________________________ 102 109 101 97 94 104O ffice b o y s o r g i r l s _ _ _ 104 111 97 96 94 100S e c r e t a r i e s _ _ _ ___ _ 102 106 100 92 94 105S te n o g ra p h e rs 103 107 101 93 91 98S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s __________________ 105 114 103 86 96 105T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e ra to r s _____ 106 99 103 95 94 101T y p i s t s --------------------------------------------------------------- 104 105 100 97 95 102

1 E a c h o c c u p a tio n in c lu d e s th e w o rk le v e l s , a s d e fin e d fo r th e s u rv e y , fo r w h ich d a ta a r e p r e s e n te d in ta b le 1. In co m p u tin g r e la t iv e s a la r y le v e ls fo r e a c h o c c u p a tio n by in d u s t ry d iv is io n , th e to ta l e m p lo y m en t in e a c h w o rk le v e l in a l l i n d u s t r ie s s u rv e y e d w as u s e d a s a c o n s ta n t e m p lo y m e n t w eig h t to e lim in a te th e e ffe c t of d i f f e re n c e s in th e p ro p o rt io n of e m p lo y m en t in v a r io u s w o rk le v e l s w ith in e a c h o c c u p a tio n .

2 F o r sco p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in a p p e n d ix A .3 T ra n s p o r ta t io n ( lim i te d to r a i l r o a d , lo c a l and su b u rb a n p a s s e n g e r , d e e p s e a w a te r , and a i r t r a n s p o r ta t io n in d u s t r ie s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r i c ,

g a s , and s a n ita ry s e r v ic e s .4 E n g in e e r in g an d a r c h i te c tu r a l s e rv ic e s ; and c o m m e rc ia l ly o p e ra te d r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t, a n d te s t in g l a b o r a to r i e s on ly .5 In su f f ic ie n t e m p lo y m en t in 1 w o rk le v e l o r m o re to w a r r a n t s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta t io n of d a ta .


3 0

Table 9- Average Scheduled Weekly Hours: Occupation by Industry Division

(A v e ra g e w eek ly h o u r s 1 fo r e m p lo y e e s in s e le c te d p r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , te c h n ic a l , and c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s 2 by in d u s t r y d iv is io n , 3 U nited S ta te s e x c e p t A la s k a and H a w a ii, Ju n e 1969)

O c c u p a tio n

P r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e

A c c o u n tan ts -----------------A u d i t o r s -----------------------C h ief a c c o u n ta n ts --------A tto rn e y s ---------------------B u y e rs --------------------------J o b a n a l y s t s -----------------D i r e c to r s of p e rs o n n e lC h e m is t s ----------------------E n g i n e e r s ---------------------

T e c h n ic a l

E n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s D ra f ts m e n ---------------------

C le r ic a l

C le r k s , a c c o u n t in g ------------------C le rk s , f i le -----------------------------K eypunch o p e r a t o r s -----------------O ffice b oys o r g i r l s ---------------S e c r e t a r i e s ------------------------------S te n o g ra p h e rs -------------------------S w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s -------------T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e ra to r s T y p is ts -----------------------------------

M an u fa c tu r in g

P u b lic u t i l i t ie s 4


R e ta ilt ra d e

F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e ,


S e le c te ds e rv ic e s

40. 0 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 38. 0 39. 539. 0 39. 5 39. 5 40. 0 3 8 .0 39. 539. 5 39. 5 (?) (6) 38. 0 40. 039. 0 39. 5 (6 ) 40. 0 37. 5 (‘ )40. 0 39. 5 39. 0 (?) (6) 39. 539. 5 39. 5 (6) (6) 38. 0 (6 )40. 0 39. 5 3 9 .0 40. 5 38. 5 40. 039. 5 (6) (?) (?) (?) 39. 540. 0 39. 5 (6) (6) (6 ) 39. 5

40. 0 39. 5 (6) (6) (6) 39. 540. 0 39. 5 39. 0 38. 0 3 8 .0 39. 5

39. 5 39. 5 3 9 .5 39. 5 38. 5 39. 539. 0 39. 0 39. 0 39. 0 38. 0 39. 039. 5 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 38. 0 39. 539. 0 38. 5 3 9 .0 38. 5 38. 0 39. 039. 0 3 9 .0 38. 5 39. 0 3 8 .0 39. 539. 5 39. 5 3 9 .0 39. 0 38. 5 39. 539. 5 39. 5 3 9 .0 39. 0 38. 5 39. 539. 5 39. 0 39. 5 39. 0 37. 5 39. 53 9 .5 3 9 .0 39. 0 39. 0 38. 0 39. 5

1 B a se d on th e sc h e d u le d w o rk w eek fo r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e i r r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r y . If sc h e d u le d h o u rs w e re n o t a v a ila b le , th e sc h ed u le d h o u r s a p p lic a b le fo r a m a jo r i ty of th e o ffic e w o rk fo rc e in th e e s ta b l is h m e n t w e re u se d . T he a v e ra g e fo r e a c h jo b c a te g o ry w as ro u n d ed to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r .

2 E a c h o c c u p a tio n in c lu d e s th e w o rk l e v e l s , a s d e fin e d fo r th e s u rv e y , fo r w h ich d a ta a r e p r e s e n te d in ta b le 1.3 F o r sc o p e of s tu d y , s e e ta b le in ap p e n d ix A.4 T ra n s p o r ta t io n ( l im ite d to r a i l r o a d , lo c a l and s u b u rb a n p a s s e n g e r , d eep s e a w a te r , and a i r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n in d u s t r ie s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

e l e c t r i c , g a s , and s a n i ta ry s e r v i c e s .5 E n g in e e r in g and a r c h i te c tu r a l s e r v i c e s ; and c o m m e rc ia l ly o p e ra te d r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t, and te s t in g l a b o r a to r i e s o n ly .6 In s u f f ic ie n t e m p lo y m en t in 1 w o rk le v e l o r m o re to w a r r a n t s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta t io n of d a ta .


Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey

Scope of Survey

The survey relates to establishments in the United States except Alaska and Hawaii in the following industries: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, electric, gas,and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; engineering and architectural services; and commercially operated research, development, and testing laboratories. Excluded are establishments employing fewer than the minimum number of workers, as indicated in the accompanying table for each industry division, at the time of reference of the universe data (generally, first quarter of 1968). The variable minimum employment size, which was adopted in the 1966 survey, more nearly equalizes the minimum white-collar employment of establishments among the various industry divisions.

The estimated number of establishments and the total employment within scope of this survey, and within the samples actually studied, are shown for each major industry division in the accompanying table. These estimates also are shown separately for establishments employing 2, 500 workers or more and those located in Standard Metropolitan Statistical A rea s.1

As indicated in the table, the scope of the study was the same for all occupations; however, the clerical and drafting occupations were studied in a larger number of establishments than were the professional, administrative, and engineering technician occupations. The sampling methods used for studying each of these occupational groups are described in detail under Sampling and Estimating Procedures.

T im ing o f Survey

Survey data collection was planned so that the data would reflect an average reference period of June 1969. 2 The data for the professional, administrative, and engineering technician occupations were obtained from a nationwide sample of establishments contacted largely between March and September.

The average reference month for clerical and drafting occupations was also June 1969. Data for these occupations were obtained from two sources: The Bureau's occupationalwage studies in 47 m e t r o p o l i t a n areas which had reference dates of March through September 1969; and in all other areas, from the same sample of establishments that were visited for the professional and administrative occupations.

M ethod of C o l le c t io n

Data w e re obtained by B ureau f ie ld e c o n o m is t s , la r g e ly by p e r s o n a l v is i t s , f r o m r e p resen ta t ive e s ta b l ish m en ts within the s co p e o f the su rv ey . 3 E m p lo y e e s w e r e c la s s i f i e d a c c o r d in g to o ccu p a tion and le v e l , with the a s s i s ta n c e o f com pan y o f f i c ia l s , on the b a s is o f the B LS jo b de fin it ions which appear in appendix C. In c o m p a r in g actual duties and r e s p o n s ib i l i t ie s o f e m p lo y e e s with those in the s u rv e y d e f in it ion s , ex ten s ive use was m ade o f c o m pany occu p a tion a l d e s c r ip t io n s , o rg a n iza t ion ch a r ts , and oth er p e r s o n n e l r e c o r d s .

The m etropolitan area data in the 1969 survey relate to a ll 227 SMSA's (w ith in the 48 States surveyed) as revised through A pril 1967 by the Bureau of the Budget. Earlier surveys represented SMSA's ranging in numbers from 188 in 1962 and earlier surveys to 221 in the 1966 survey.

2 Prior to the 1967 study, the average reference period for c lerica l and drafting jobs was February, and it was March for a ll other occupations. U n til 1963, reports listed "W inter" as the reference period. From 1963 through 1966, the more specific designation, "February-M arch, " was used. Beginning w ith 1967, the reference period was changed to June.

3 The surveys in m etropolitan areas, used to develop the nationwide estimates for the drafting and c le rica l occupations, provide for collection by a com bination of m ail and personal visits in alternate years.

31


3 2

N u m b e r of E s ta b l is h m e n ts and W o rk e rs W ith in Scope of S u r v e y 1 and N u m b e r S tu d ied by In d u s t ry D iv is io n , Ju n e 1969

M in im um e m p lo y m en t

in e s ta b l is h m e n ts in sco p e of

s u rv e y

W ith in sc o p e of s u r v e y 1 S tu d ied fo r p r o fe s s io n a l S tu d ied fo r d ra f t in g and c le r ic a l

o c c u p a tio n s 2W o rk e rs in e s ta b l is h m e n ts o c c u p a tio n sI n d u s t ry d iv is io n N u m b e r

of e s t a b l is h m e n ts T o ta l

P r o fe s s io n a l , a d m in i s t r a t iv e ,

s u p e rv is o ry , and c le r ic a l 3

N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n ts

T o ta l w o r k e r s in e s t a b

l is h m e n ts

N u m b e r of e s ta b l is h m e n ts

T o ta l w o rk e r s in e s ta b l is h m e n ts

U n ited S ta te s — a ll in d u s t r ie s 1 ------------------ 3 1 ,6 4 8 1 9 ,7 2 3 , 125 7, 2 2 1 ,6 2 2 3, 045 6, 959, 092 5, 652 8 ,3 2 9 ,7 4 0

M a n u fa c tu r in g --------------------- ----------------Nonm anuf a c tu r in g :

T r a n s p o r ta t io n , 4 c o m m u n ic a tio n , e l e c t r i c , g a s , and s a n i ta ry

250 13, 625 1 2 ,6 3 0 ,5 1 4 3 ,5 1 5 , 726 1, 832 4, 770, 727 2, 812 5 ,2 6 7 ,4 9 2

s e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------- 100 2, 794 2, 110, 043 9 8 4 ,9 2 0 306 979, 932 655 1, 190, 760W h o le sa le t r a d e ----------------------------- 100 4, 000 8 9 9 ,2 9 1 4 3 9 ,3 5 7 178 78, 118 524 180, 284R e ta i l t r a d e ------------------------------------F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and

250 2, 333 2, 0 8 2 ,3 8 8 441, 019 225 5 3 8 ,2 1 5 650 948, 443

r e a l e s t a t e ------------------------------------S e r v ic e s :

E n g in e e r in g and a r c h i te c tu r a l s e r v i c e s ; and c o m m e rc ia l ly o p e ra te d r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t, and te s t in g

50 8, 396 1 ,7 5 0 , 733 1 ,6 7 4 , 757 406 445, 136 862 588, 803

l a b o r a to r i e s o n l y -------------------- 100 500 2 5 0 ,1 5 6 165 ,8 4 3 98 146 ,9 6 4 149 153 ,9 5 8

2 4 ,5 6 9

9, 096

15, 825, 986

9, 303, 776

6, 347, 582 2, 452

1 ,3 4 5

6,2 2 1 ,5 3 3 5, 059

2, 325

7 ,5 9 2 ,1 8 1

4 , 586 ,5 3 1M a n u fa c tu r in g -------------------------------------Nonm anuf ac tu r in g :

T r a n s p o r ta t io n , 4 c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r i c , g a s , and s a n i ta ry

250 2, 9 1 2 ,3 4 3 4 ,0 8 9 ,7 6 6

s e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------- 100 2, 048 1 ,9 1 3 , 782 913, 765 272 963, 999 621 1 ,1 7 4 ,8 2 7W h o le sa le tra d e ---------------------------- 100 3, 550 818, 480 4 0 8 ,0 8 7 162 73, 886 508 176 ,052R e ta il t r a d e -------------------------------------F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and

250 2, 076 1, 950, 041 418, 601 213 5 2 9 ,4 2 2 638 9 3 9 ,6 5 0

r e a l e s t a t e ------------------------------------S e r v ic e s :

E n g in e e r in g and a r c h i te c tu r a l s e r v i c e s ; and c o m m e r ic a l ly o p e ra te d r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t , and te s t in g

50 7, 313 1 ,6 1 5 , 172 1, 543, 983 371 4 3 8 ,7 7 1 827 5 8 2 ,4 3 8

la b o r a to r i e s o n l y -------------------

E s ta b l i s h m e n ts em p lo y in g 2, 500

100 486 2 2 4 ,7 3 5 150, 803 89 125, 689 140 132 ,683

1, 133 6, 8 8 4 ,3 4 2

4 , 7 7 2 ,4 5 0

2 ,6 1 7 , 336

1 ,5 7 2 ,9 8 0

5, 319, 497

3, 735, 165

793

500

5, 166 ,494

3, 530, 060M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------------------- - 763 470

1 T he s tu d y r e l a te s to e s ta b l is h m e n ts in in d u s t r ie s l i s te d , w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t a t o r above th e m in im u m l im ita t io n in d ic a te d in th e f i r s t co lu m n , in th e U n ited S ta te s e x c e p t A la sk a and H aw aii.

2 The d ra f t in g and c le r ic a l o c c u p a tio n s w e re s tu d ie d in th e s a m e s a m p le of e s ta b l is h m e n ts a s w e re the p r o fe s s io n a l and a d m in is t r a t iv e o c c u p a t io n s , e x c e p t in SM SArs . F o r th e s e a r e a s , the d ra f t in g and c le r ic a l d a ta w e re o b ta in e d f ro m the B u r e a u 's m o re in te n s iv e ly s a m p le d s u rv e y s of s e p a r a te m e t r o p o li ta n a r e a s . (F o r a m o re d e ta i le d e x p la n a tio n , se e S am p lin g and E s t im a tin g P r o c e d u r e s , p. 34.)

3 In c lu d e s e x e c u tiv e , a d m in is t r a t iv e , p r o fe s s io n a l , s u p e rv i s o ry , and c le r ic a l e m p lo y e e s , b u t e x c lu d e s t e c h n ic ia n s and d ra f t s m e n , and s a le s p e rs o n n e l .

4 L im ite d to r a i l r o a d , lo c a l and su b u rb a n p a s s e n g e r , d eep s e a w a te r ( fo re ig n and d o m e s t ic ) , and a i r t r a n s p o r ta t io n in d u s t r ie s a s d e fin e d in the 1967 e d it io n o f the S ta n d a rd I n d u s t r ia l C la s s i f ic a t io n M a n u a l.

5 S ta n d a rd M e tro p o li ta n S t a t i s t i c a l A re a s in the U n ited S ta te s , e x c e p t A la sk a and H aw aii, a s r e v i s e d th ro u g h M ay 1967 by the B u re a u o f the B u d g e t.


33

Nature of Data Collected and Presented

The reported salaries relate to standard salaries paid for standard work schedules,i. e. , to the straight-time salary corresponding to the employee's normal work schedule excluding overtime hours. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living payments and incentive earnings are included. The average salaries presented relate to full-time employees for whom salary data were available.

About 4 percent of the establishments asked to supply data on professional, administrative, and technical occupations would not do so. These corresponded to an estimated total in the universe studied of approximately 935,000 workers, about 4.7 percent of 19, 723, 000. A lower refusal rate was found in the surveys of clerical and drafting occupations. The noncooperating units were replaced by others in the same industry-size-location classes. Where no such substitutes were available, since all similar units were already in the sample, the weights of the included establishments were increased to account for the missing units.

Under established policies of some companies, officials were not authorized to provide information relating to salaries for all occupations studied. In nearly all instances, however, information was provided on the number of such employees and the appropriate occupational classification. It was thus possible to estimate the proportion of employees for whom salary data were not available. These policies more often related to the higher level positions, mainly because of policies not to disclose pay data for employees considered a part of the management group or classified in occupational levels involving a single employee.

Percent o f employees classified in professional, adm inistrative, and engineering technician

occupations surveyed for whom salary Number of job categories data were not available

1 ------------------------------------------------- 10 percent or moreDirectors of personnel IV (16 percent)

2 ---------------------------------------------- -- 5 to 9. 9 percentAttorneys V I Directors of personnel I I I

1 6 ----------------------------------------------- 1 to 4. 9 percent

3 4 ----------------------------------------------- Less than 1 percent

Comparisons between establishments that provided salary data for each specific occupation level and those not doing so indicated that the two classes of establishments did not differ materially in industries represented, employment, or pay structure for other jobs in this series for which data were available.

Occupational employment estimates relate to the total in all establishments within the scope of the survey and not the number actually surveyed. Employees for whom salary data were not available were not taken into account in the estimates. 4 These estimates were derived by weighting full-time employees in the occupations studied in each sample establishment in proportion to the number of establishments it represented within the scope of the survey. For example, if the sample establishment was selected from a group of four establishments with similar employment in the same industry and region, each full-time employee found in an occupation studied was counted as four employees in compiling the employment

Also not taken into account were a few instances in which salary data were availab le for employees in an occupation, but where there was no satisfactory basis for classifying the employees by the appropriate work levels.


3 4

estimates for the occupations. In addition, the professional and administrative occupations were limited to employees meeting the specific criteria in each survey definition and were not intended to include all employees in each field of work. 5 For these reasons, and because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the occupations and levels as defined for the survey. These qualifications of the employment estimates do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data.

In the occupations surveyed, both men and women were classified and included in the occupational employment and earnings estimates. In the professional, administrative, and technical occupations, men were sufficiently predominant to preclude presentation of separate data by sex. For those clerical occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed, separate data by sex are available from the area wage survey reports compiled by metropolitan area. The occupations and work levels included in this study, and in which women accounted for 5 percent or more of the employment, were distributed according to the proportion of women employees, as follows:

Women (percent) Occupation and level

95 or m ore------------------ File clerks I and II, all levels of keypunch operators,secretaries, stenographers, switchboard operators, and typists

90-94 ------------------------ Accounting clerks I and file clerks III65-69 ------------------------ Accounting clerks II55-59 ------------------------ Tabulating-machine operators I45-49 ------------------------ Office boys or girls35-39 ------------------------ Tabulating-machine operators II and job analysts I25-29 ------------------------ Tabulating-machine operators III and job analysts II20-24 ------------------------ Engineering technicians I and draftsmen-tracers1 5 -1 9 ------------------------ Chemists I and II1 0 -1 4 ------------------------ Accountants I and buyers I

5- 9 ------------------------ Accountants II, auditors I, attorneys I, job analysts III,directors of personnel I, chemists III, engineering technicians II, and draftsmen I

Sampling and Estimating Procedures

As indicated earlier, this survey relates to all establishments in the United States, except Alaska and Hawaii, within the industry and minimum size scope. Although one sample of establishments was selected for studying the professional, administrative, and engineering technician occupations, and another for the drafting and clerical occupations, both relate to the same population of geographic, industry, and size-of-establishment characteristics. The procedures used for selecting samples for these two groups of occupations are explained in the following paragraphs.

Professional, Administrative, and Engineering Technician Occupations. The sampling procedures called for the detailed stratification of all establishments within scope of the survey by location, industry, and size of employment. From this universe, a nationwide sample of about 3, 000 establishments (not companies) was selected systematically. 6 Each industry was sampled separately, the sampling rates dependent on the importance of the industry as an employer having the survey jobs. Within each industry, a

5 Engineers, for example, are defined to permit classification of employees engaged in engineering work within a band of eight levels, starting with inexperienced engineering graduates and excluding only those within certain fields of specialization or in positions above those covered by level VIII. By way of contrast, such occupations as chief accountants and directors of personnel are defined to include only those with responsibility for a specified program and with duties and responsibilities as indicated for each of the more limited number of work levels selected for study.

6 A few of the largest employers, together employing approximately one and a quarter million workers, gave data on a companywide basis. These companies were eliminated from the universe to which the preceding procedure applies. The sample count includes the establishments of these companies within the scope of the survey.


35

greater proportion of large than of small establishments was included. In combining the data, each establishment was weighted according to its probability of selection, so that unbiased estimates were generated. To illustrate the process, where one establishment out of four was selected, it was given a weight of 4, thus representing itself plus three others. In instances where data were not available for the original sample member, an alternate of the same original probability of selection was chosen in the same industry-size classification. Where there was no suitable substitution for the original sample member, the missing unit was accounted for by assigning additional weight to an existing sample member that was as nearly similar as possible to the missing unit.

Clerical and Drafting Occupations. The nationwide estimates for the clerical and drafting occupations are, in large part, a byproduct of the Bureau's surveys of these occupations in 89 metropolitan areas. Data from 47 of these area wage surveys were adjusted to the scope of the national survey and were included to represent themselves. 7 The sampling of establishments within each of these areas was designed to yield estimates of the area as a whole, and for major industry divisions within the area. As described in the preceding section, the establishments were stratified by industry and employment size, and sample members selected at random for each stratum.

For all remaining areas, clerical and drafting data were obtained from the same nationwide sample of establishments used for the professional, administrative, and engineering technician occupations. Within this sample there were approximately 750 establishments in areas where locality studies had been done between October 1968 and February 1969. Where possible, clerical and drafting data reported in these studies were updated to reflect general increases occurring to the time professional and administrative data were collected. In all other establishments, clerical and drafting data were collected in conjunction with professional and administrative data.

Conversion of Salary Rates

Salary data for the selected occupations were collected in the form in which it was most readily available from company records, i. e. , on a weekly, biweekly, semimonthly, monthly, or annual basis. For the initial tabulations, the salary data were first converted to a weekly basis for the clerical and drafting occupations and to a monthly basis for the professional, administrative, and engineering technician occupations. The factors used to convert these data for the two groups of occupations were as follows:

Time interval represented by

salary

Weekly----------------------Biweekly--------------------Semimonthly-------------Monthly--------------------Annual ------------- -

Salaries for clerical and drafting occupations to

weekly basis

1.0000 . 5000 .4602 .2301 .0192

Salaries for professional and administrative occupa tions and for engineering

technicians to monthly basis

4.3450 2. 17252.00001.0000 .0833

Average monthly salaries presented in tables 1, 2, and 3 and annual salaries presented intables 1 and 2 for the clerical and drafting occupations are derived from the average weekly salaries (to the nearest penny) by use of factors 4. 345 and 52. 14, respectively, and rounding results to the nearest dollar. Average weekly salaries for these occupations, presented in table 6, are rounded to the nearest half dollar. Average monthly salaries presented in tables 1, 2, and 3 for the professional and administrative occupations and for engineeringtechnicians are rounded to the nearest dollar. To obtain the annual salaries, average monthly salaries (to the nearest penny) are multiplied by 12 and rounded to the nearest dollar.

These were the 47 area wage surveys (excluding Cleveland and San Jose) which had payroll reference dates of March through September 1969, and were, therefore, representative of the same collection time period that applied for the national survey.


3 6

Method of Determining Median and Quartile Values

Median and quartile values presented in this report were derived from distributions of employees by salary using $ 1 class intervals. Weekly salary class intervals were used for draftsmen and clerical occupations and monthly salary class intervals were used for all other occupations. The weekly values were multiplied by 4. 345 to obtain monthly values and by 52. 14 to obtain annual values. The annual values for other than draftsmen and clerical occupations were obtained by multiplying monthly values by 12.

Estimates of Sampling Error

The survey procedure yields estimates with widely varying sampling errors, depending on the frequency with which the job occurs, and the dispersion of salaries. Thus, for the professional and administrative and engineering technician occupation work levels, the relative sampling errors of the average salaries were distributed as follows: 35 were under2 percent; 14 were 2 and under 4 percent; 2 were 4 and under 6 percent; and 2 were 6 percent and over. 8 The nationwide estimates for the clerical and drafting room occupations, based on the much larger sample, are subject to smaller sampling error— 2 percent or less in all cases except for secretaries IV (2. 1 percent), accounting clerks I (2. 3 percent), tabulating-machine operators II (2. 5 percent), and tabulating-machine operators 1(6. 2 percent). These sampling errors measure the validity of the band within which the true average is likely to fall. Thus, for an occupation with a sample average monthly salary of $ 1,000 and a sampling error of 4 percent, the changes are 19 out of 20 that the true average lies within the band from $960 to $ 1,040.

8 The 6 percent and over group included: Chief accountants I— 7 percent and chemists VIII— 6. 5 percent.


Appendix B. Survey Changes in 1969

Changes in Occupational Coverage and Definitions

The four-level managers, office services occupation was dropped from the survey and changes were made in the definitions for directors of personnel and attorneys as described below.

Directors of Personnel. The survey definition for this occupation was revised slightly, mostly by rearranging certain portions of the definition and making some minor changes in wording. The changes were designed to clarify the intent of the definition and facilitate uniform interpretation by data collectors, respondents, and users. There were no substantive changes and each level represents the same types of positions as in 1968. Comparisons of data for trend purposes, therefore, were not affected.

Attorneys. The survey definition for this occupation was revised, reducing the number of levels from seven to six so that survey data could be related by the Civil Service Commission to new standards for Federal attorney positions. Although the current six-level definition includes essentially the same range of difficulty and responsibility coverage as the former definition, comparability of data between surveys for individual levels was not maintained.

The reduction in the number of levels was accomplished by consolidating much of the content of former levels I and II into new level I and modifying the experience required statement in former level III (current level II). The wording of levels III through VI in the revised definition is the same as for former levels IV through VII, respectively. Evaluation of the survey data and collection experience indicated that in addition to the rematching required for current levels I and II, some reevaluation of prior matches apparently occurred in other levels. The extent of rematching and the effect on average salaries could not be measured; therefore, comparisons of data for trend purposes were not reported.

3 7


Appendix C. Occupational Definitions

The primary purpose of preparing job definitions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations, or levels within occupations, workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. To secure comparability of job content, some occupations and work levels are defined to include only those workers meeting specific criteria as to training, job functions, and responsibilities. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's occupational definitions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. Also see note referring to the definitions for the drafting and clerical occupations on page 75.

ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS

ACCOUNTANT

Performs professional accounting work requiring knowledge of the theory and practice of recording, classifying, examining, and analyzing the data and records of financial transactions. The work generally requires a bachelor's degree in accounting or, in rare instances, equivalent experience and education combined. Positions covered by this definition are characterized by the inclusion of work that is analytical, creative, evaluative, and advisory in nature. The work draws upon and requires a thorough knowledge of the fundamental doctrines, theories, principles, and terminology of accountancy, and often entails some understanding of such related fields as business law, statistics, and general management. (See also chief accountant.)

Professional responsibilities in accountant positions above the entry and developmental levels include several such duties as:

Analyzing the effects of transactions upon account relationships;

Evaluating alternative means of treating transactions;

Planning the manner in which account structures should be developed or modified;

Assuring the adequacy of the accounting system as the basis for reporting to management;

Considering the need for new or changed controls;

Projecting accounting data to show the effects of proposed plans on capital investments, income, cash position, and overall financial condition;

Interpreting the meaning of accounting records, reports, and statements;

Advising operating officials on accounting matters; and

Recommending improvements, adaptations, or revisions in the accounting system and procedures.

(Entry and developmental level positions provide opportunity to develop ability to perform professional duties such as those enumerated above.)

3 9


40

ACCOUNTANT— Continued

In addition to such professional work, most accountants are also responsible for assuring the proper recording and documentation of transactions in the accounts. They, therefore, frequently direct nonprofessional personnel in the actual day-to-day maintenance of books of accounts, the accumulation of cost or other comparable data, the preparation of standard reports and statements, and similar work. (Positions involving such supervisory work but not including professional duties as described above, are not included in this description.)

Excluded are accountants whose principal or sole duties consist of designing or improving accounting systems or other nonoperating staff work, e. g. , financial analysis, financial forecasting, tax advising, etc. (The criteria that follow for distinguishing among the several levels of work are inappropriate for such jobs.) Note, however, that professional accountant positions with responsibility for recording or reporting accounting data relative to taxes are included, as are operating or cost accountants whose work includes, but is not limited to, improvement of the accounting system.

Some accountants use electronic data processing equipment to process, record, and report accounting data. In some such cases the machine unit is a subordinate segment of the accounting system; in others it is a separate entity or is attached to some other organization. In either instance, providing the primary responsibility of the position is professional accounting work of the type otherwise included, the use of data processing equipment of any type does not of itself exclude a position from the accountant description nor does it change its level.

Accountant I

General characteristics. At this beginning professional level, the accountant learns to apply the principles, theories, and concepts of accounting to a specific system. The position is distinguishable from nonprofessional positions by the variety of assignments; rate and scope of development expected of the incumbent; and the existence, implicit or explicit, of a planned training program designed to give the entering accountant practical experience. (Terminal positions are excluded.)

Direction received. Works under close supervision of an experienced accountant whose guidance is directed primarily to the development of the trainee's professional ability and to the evaluation of his potential for advancement. Limits of assignments are clearly defined, methods of procedure are specified, and kinds of items to be noted and referred to supervisor are identified.

Typical duties and responsibilities. Performs a variety of accounting tasks such as: Examining a variety of financial statements for completeness, internal accuracy, andconformance with uniform accounting classifications or other specific accounting requirements; reconciling reports and financial data with financial statements already on file, and pointing out apparent inconsistencies or errors; carrying out assigned steps in an accounting analysis, such as computing standard ratios; assembling and summarizing accounting literature on a given subject; preparing relatively simple financial statements, not involving problems of analysis or presentation; and preparing charts, tables, and other exhibits to be used in reports. In addition to such work, may also perform some nonprofessional tasks for training purposes.

Responsibility for direction of others. Usually none.

Accountant II

General characteristics. At this continuing developmental level the professional accountant makes practical applications of technical accounting practices and concepts beyond the mere application of detailed rules and instructions. Assignments are designed to expand his practical experience and to develop his professional judgment in the application of basic


4 1

AC COUN TAN T— C ontinued

accounting techniques to simple professional problems. He is expected to be competent in the application of standard procedures and requirements to routine transactions, to raise questions about unusual or questionable items, and to suggest solutions. (Terminal positions are excluded.)

Direction received. Work is reviewed closely to verify its general accuracy and coverage of unusual problems, to insure conformance with required procedures and special instructions, and to assure his professional growth. His progress is evaluated in terms of his ability to apply his professional knowledge to basic accounting problems in the day-to-day operations of an established accounting system.

Typical duties and responsibilities. Performs a variety of accounting tasks, e.g. , prepares routine working papers, schedules, exhibits, and summaries indicating the extent of his examination, and presenting and supporting his findings and recommendations. Examines a variety of accounting documents to verify accuracy of computations and to ascertain that all transactions are properly supported, are in accordance with pertinent policies and procedures, and are classified and recorded according to acceptable accounting standards.

Responsibility for direction of others. Usually none, although he may supervise a few clerks.

Accountant HI

General characteristics. Performs professional operating or cost accounting work requiring the standardized application of well established accounting principles, theories, concepts, and practices. Receives detailed instructions concerning the overall accounting system and its objectives, the policies and procedures under which it is operated, and the nature of changes in the system or its operation. Characteristically, the accounting system or assigned segment is stable and well established (i. e. , the basic chart of accounts, classifications, the nature of the cost accounting system, the report requirements, and the procedures are changed infrequently).

Depending upon the workload involved, the accountant may have such assignments as supervision of the day-to-day operation of: (a) The entire system of a subordinate establishment, or (b) a major segment (e.g. , general accounting; cost accounting; or financial statements and reports) of a somewhat larger system, or (c) in a very large and complex system, may be assigned to a relatively narrow and specialized segment dealing with some problem, function, or portion of work which is itself of the level of difficulty characteristic of this level.

Direction received. A higher level professional accountant normally is available to furnish advice and assistance as needed. Work is reviewed for technical accuracy, adequacy of professional judgment, and compliance with instructions through spot checks, appraisal of results, subsequent processing, analysis of reports and statements, and other appropriate means.

Typical duties and responsibilities. The primary responsibility of most positions at this level is to assure that the assigned day-to-day operations are carried out in accordance with established accounting principles, policies, and objectives. The accountant performs such professional work as: Developing nonstandard reports and statements (e.g. , those containing cash forecasts reflecting the interrelations of accounting, cost budgeting, or comparable information); interpreting and pointing out trends or deviations from standards; projecting data into the future; predicting the effects of changes in operating programs; or identifying management informational needs, and refining account structures or reports accordingly.


4 2

AC COUN TAN T— C ontinued

Within the limits of his delegated responsibility, makes day-to-day decisions concerning the accounting treatment of financial transactions. Is expected to recommend solutions to complex problems and propose changes in the accounting system for approval at higher levels. Such recommendations are derived from his own knowledge of the application of well-established principles and practices.

Responsibility for the direction of others. In most instances he directs the work of a subordinate nonprofessional staff.

Accountant IV

General characteristics. Performs professional operating or cost accounting work which requires the application of well-established accounting principles, theories, concepts, and practices to a wide variety of difficult problems. Receives instructions concerning the objectives and operations of the overall accounting system. At this level, compared with level III, the accounting system or assigned segment is more complex, i. e. , (a) is relatively unstable, (b) must adjust to new or changing company operations, (c) serves organizations of unusually large size, £r (d) is complicated by the need to provide and coordinate separate or specialized accounting treatment and reporting (e. g. , cost accounting using standard cost, process cost, and job order techniques) for different operations or divisions of company.

Depending upon the workload and degree of coordination involved, the accountant IV may have such assignments as the supervision of the day-to-day operation of: (a) The entireaccounting system of a subordinate establishment, or (b) a major segment (e. g. , general accounting; cost accounting; or financial statements and reports) of an accounting system serving a larger and more complex establishment, or (c) the entire accounting system of a large (e .g ., employing several thousand persons) subordinate establishment which in other respects has an accounting system of the complexity that characterizes level III.

Direction received. A higher level accountant normally is available to furnish advice and assistance as needed. Work is reviewed by spot checks and appraisal of results for adequacy of professional judgment, compliance with instructions, and overall accuracy and quality.

Typical duties and responsibilities. As at level III, a primary characteristic of most positions at this level is the responsibility of operating an accounting system or major segment of a system in the intended manner.

The accountant IV exercises professional judgment in making frequent appropriate recommendations for: New accounts; revisions in the account structure; new types of ledgers; revisions in reporting system or subsidiary records; changes in instructions regarding the use of accounts; new or refined account classifications or definitions; etc. He also makes day-to-day decisions concerning the accounting treatment of financial transactions and is expected to recommend solutions to complex problems beyond the scope of his responsibility.

Responsibility for' direction of others. Accounting staff he supervises, if any, may include professional accountants.

Accountant V

General characteristics. Performs professional operating or cost accounting work which is of greater than average professional difficulty and responsibility because of the presence of unusual and novel problems or the unusual magnitude or impact of the accounting program. Typically this level of difficulty arises from (a) the large size of the accounting and operating organization, (b) the atypical nature of the accounting problems encountered, or (c) the unusually great involvement in accounting systems design and development.

Examples of assignments characteristic of this level are the supervision of the day-to-day operation of: (a) The entire accounting system of a subordinate establishment having an unusually novel and complex accounting system, or (b) the entire accounting system of a large (e .g ., employing several thousand persons) subordinate establishment which in


43

ACCOUNTANT— Continued

other respects has an accounting system of the complexity that characterizes level IV, or(c) the entire accounting system of a company or corporation that has a relatively stable and conventional accounting system and employs several thousand persons and has a few subordinate establishments which include accounting units, or (d) a major segment of an accounting system that substantially exceeds the characteristics described in any one of the preceding examples.

Direction received. An accountant of higher level normally is available to furnish advice and assistance as needed. Work is reviewed for adequacy of professional judgment, compliance with instructions, and overall quality.

Typical duties and responsibility. The work is characterized by its unusual difficulty or responsibility. Accountants V typically are directly concerned on a relatively continuous basis with what the nature of the accounting system should be, with the devising or revising of the operating accounting policies and procedures that are necessary, and with the managerial as well as the accounting meaning of the reports and statements for which he is responsible. Accountahts V are necessarily deeply involved in fundamental and complex accounting matters and in the managerial problems that are affected.

£Responsibility for direction of others, eludes professional accountants.

Accounting staff he supervises generally in-

AUDITOR

Performs professional auditing work requiring a bachelor's degree in accounting or, in rare instances, equivalent experience and education combined. Audits the financial records and practices of a company, or of divisions or components of the company, to appraise systematically and verify the accounting accuracy of records and reports and to assure the consistent application of accepted accounting principles. Evaluates the adequacy of the accounting system and internal financial control. Makes appropriate recommendations for improvement as necessary. To the extent determined necessary, examines the transactions entering into the balance sheet and the transactions entering into income, expense, and cost accounts. Determines:

(1) The existence of recorded assets (including the observation of the taking of physical inventories) and the all-inclusiveness of recorded liabilities.

(2) The accuracy of financial statements or reports and the fairness of presentation of facts therein.

(3) The propriety or legality of transactions.

(4) The degree of compliance with established policies and procedures concerning financial transactions.

Excluded are positions which do not require full professional accounting training because the work is confined on a relatively permanent basis to repetitive examinations of a limited area of company operations and accounting processes, e. g . , only accounts payable and receivable; demurrage records and related functions, or station operations only of a railroad company; branch offices which do not engage in the full range of banking and accounting activities of the main bank; warehouse operations only of a mail order company; checking transactions to determine whether or not they conform to prescribed routines or procedures. (Examinations of such repetitive or limited nature normally do not require or permit professional audit work to be performed.)


4 4

AUDITOR— Continued

Auditor I

General characteristics. As a trainee auditor at the entering professional level, performs a variety of routine assignments. Typically, he is rotated through a variety of tasks under a planned training program designed to provide practical experience in applying the principles, theories, and concepts of accounting and auditing to specific situations. (Terminal positions are excluded.)

Direction received. Works under close supervision of an experienced auditor whose guidance is directed primarily to the development of the trainee1 s professional ability and to the evaluation of his potential for advancement. Limits of assignments are clearly defined, methods of procedure are specified, and kinds of items to be noted and referred to supervisor are identified.

Typical duties and responsibilities. Assists in making audits by performing such tasks as: Verification of the accuracy of the balances in various records; examination ofa variety of types of documents and vouchers for accuracy of computations; checking transactions to assure they are properly documented and have been recorded in accordance with correct accounting classifications; verifying the count of inventories; preparing detailed statements, schedules, and standard audit working papers; counting cash and other assets; preparing simple reconciliations; and similar functions.

Auditor II

General characteristics. At this continuing developmental level the professional auditor serves as a junior member of an audit team, independently performing selected portions of the audit which are limited in scope and complexity. Auditors at this level typically have acquired knowledge of company operations, policies, and procedures. (Terminal positions are excluded.)

Direction received. Detailed instructions are furnished and the work is reviewed to the extent necessary to verify its general accuracy and coverage of unusual problems, to insure conformance with required procedures and special instructions, and to assure the auditor's professional growth. Any technical problems not covered by instructions are brought to the attention of a superior. His progress is evaluated in terms of his ability to apply his professional knowledge to basic auditing situations.

Typical duties and responsibilities. Applies knowledge of accounting theory and audit practices to a variety of relatively simple professional problems in his audit assignments, including such tasks as: The verification of reports against source accounts andrecords to determine their reliability; reconciliation of bank and other accounts and verifying the detail of recorded transactions; detailed examinations of cash receipts and disbursement vouchers, payroll records, requisitions, work orders, receiving reports, and other accounting documents to ascertain that transactions are properly supported and are recorded correctly from an accounting or regulatory standpoint; or preparing working papers, schedules, and summaries.

Auditor III

General characteristics. Work at this level consists of the audit of operations and accounting processes that are relatively stable, well-established, and typical of the industry. The audits primarily involve the collection and analysis of readily available findings; there is previous audit experience that is directly applicable; the audit reports are normally prepared in a prescribed format using a standard method of presentation; and few if any major problems are anticipated. The work performed requires the application of substantial knowledges of accounting principles and practices, e. g. , bases for distinguishing among capital maintenance and operating expenses; accruing reserves for taxes; and other accounting considerations of an equivalent nature.


45


Direction received. Work is normally within an established audit program and supervision is provided by a higher level auditor who outlines and discusses assignments. Work is spot-checked in progress. Completed assignments are reviewed for adequacy of coverage, soundness of judgment, compliance with professional standards, and adherence to policies.

Typical duties and responsibilities. The auditor examines transactions and verifies accounts; observes and evaluates accounting procedures and internal controls; prepares audit working papers and submits an audit report in the required pattern containing recommendations for needed changes or improvements. He is usually responsible for selecting the detailed audit methods to follow, choosing the audit sample and its size, determining the extent to which discrepancies need to be investigated, and deciding the depth of the analyses required to support reported findings and conclusions.

Examples of assignments involving work of this level:

(1) As a team leader or working alone, independently conducts audits of the complete accounts and related operations of smaller or less complex companies (e .g ., involving a centralized accounting system with few or no subordinate, subsidiary, or branch accounting records) or of comparable segments of larger companies.

(2) As a member of an audit team independently accomplishes varied audit assignments of the above described characteristics, typically major segments of complete audits, or assignments otherwise limited in scope of larger and more complex companies (e .g ., complex in that the accounting system entails cost, inventory, and comparable specialized systems integrated with the general accounting system).

Illustrative of such assignments are the audit and initial review of accounting treatment and validity of reporting of overhead expenses in a large manufacturing or maintenance organization (e .g ., major repair yard of a railroad); or, the checking, verification, and balancing of all accounts receivable and accounts payable; or, the analysis and verification of assets and reserves; or, the inspection and evaluation of accounting controls and procedures.

Auditor IV

General characteristics. Auditors at this level are experienced professionals who apply thorough knowledge of accounting principles and theory in connection with a variety of audits. Work at this level is characterized by the audit of organizations and accounting processes which are complex and difficult because of such factors as: Presence of new orchanged programs and accounting systems; existence of major specialized accounting functions (e. g. , cost accounting, inventory accounting, sales accounting), in addition to general accounting; need to consider extensive and complicated regulatory requirements; lack of or difficulty in obtaining information; and other similar factors. Typically, a variety of different assignments are encountered over a period of time, e .g ., 1 year. The audit reports prepared are comprehensive, explain irregularities, cite rules or regulations violated, recommend remedial actions, and contain analyses of items of special importance or interest to company management.

Direction received. Within an established audit program, have responsibility for independently planning and executing audits. Unusually difficult problems are discussed with the supervisor who also reviews completed assignments for adherence to principles and standards and the soundness of conclusions.

Typical duties and responsibilities. Auditors at this level have full responsibility for planning the audit, including determination of the aspects to emphasize, methods to be used, development of nonstandard or specialized audit aids such as questionnaires, etc., where previous audit experience and plans are of limited applicability.


4 6


Included in the scope of work that characterizes this level are such functions as: Evaluation of methods used for determining depreciation rates of equipment; evaluation of assets where original costs are unknown; evaluation of the reliability of accounting and reporting systems; analysis of cost accounting systems and cost reports to evaluate the basis for cost and price setting; evaluation of accounting procurement and supply management records, controls, and procedures; and many others.

Examples of assignments involving work at this level:

(1) As a team leader or working alone, independently plans and conducts audits of the complete accounts and related operations of relatively large and complex companies (e .g ., complex in that the accounting system entails cost, inventory, and comparable specialized accounting systems integrated with the general accounting system) or of company branch, subsidiary, or affiliated organizations which are individually of comparable size and complexity, or

(2) As a member of an audit team independently plans and accomplishes audit assignments that constitute major segments of audits of very large and complex organizations, for example, those with financial responsibilities so great as to involve specialized subordinate, subsidiary, or affiliate accounting systems that are complete in themselves.

NOTE: Excluded from level IV are auditors who, as team leader or working alone,conduct complete audits of very large and complex organizations, for example, those with financial responsibilities so great as to involve specialized subordinate, subsidiary, or affiliate accounting systems that are complete in themselves; or are team members assigned to major segments of audits of even larger or more complex organizations.

CHIEF ACCOUNTANT

As the top technical expert in accounting, is responsible for directing the accounting program for a company or for an establishment of a company. The minimum accounting program includes: (l) General accounting (assets, liabilities, income, expense, and capital accounts, including responsibility for profit and loss and balance sheet statements); and (2) at least one other major accounting activity, typically tax accounting, cost accounting, property accounting, or sales accounting. It may also include such other activities as payroll and timekeeping, and mechanical or electronic data processing operations which are an adjunct of the accounting system. (Responsibility for an internal audit program is typically not included. )

The responsibilities of the chief accountant include all of the following:

(1) On own responsibility, developing or adapting or revising an accounting system to meet the needs of the organization.

(2) Supervising, either directly or through subordinate supervisors, the operation of the system with full management responsibility for the quality and quantity of work performed, training and development of subordinates, work scheduling and review, coordination with other parts of the organization served, etc.

(3) Providing directly or through an official such as a comptroller, advisory services to the top management officials of the organization served as to:

(a) The status of financial resources and the financial trends or results of operations as revealed by accounting data, and selecting a manner of presentation that is meaningful to management.

(b) Methods for improving operations as suggested by his expert knowledge of accounting, e. g. , proposals for improving cost control, property management, credit and collection, tax reduction, or similiar programs.


4 7

CHIEF ACCOUNTANT— Continued

Excluded are positions with responsibility for the accounting program if they also include (as a major part of the job) responsibility for budgeting; work measurement; organization, methods and procedures studies; or similar nonaccounting functions. (Positions of such breadth are sometimes titled comptroller, budget and accounting manager, financial manager, etc.)

Some positions responsible for supervising general accounting and one or more other major accounting activities but which do not fully meet all of the responsibilities of a chief accountant specified above may be covered by the descriptions for accountant.

Chief accountant jobs which meet the above characteristics are classified by level1 of work according to (a) authority and responsibility and (b) technical complexity, using the chart which follows the definitions below.

Authority and Responsibility

A R -1. The accounting system (i. e. , accounts, procedures, and reports to be used) has been prescribed in considerable detail by higher levels in the company or organization. The chief accountant has final, unreviewed authority within the prescribed system, to expand it to fit the particular needs of the organization served, e. g . , in the following or comparable ways;

Provides greater detail in accounts and reports or financial statements;

Establishes additional accounting controls, accounts, subaccounts, and subsidiary records; and

Provides special or interim reports and statements needed by the manager responsible for the day-to-day operations of the organization served.

A R -2. The basic accounting system is prescribed in broad outlines rather than in specific detail. While certain major financial reports, overall accounts, and general policies are required by the basic system, the chief accountant has broad latitude and authority to decide the specific methods, procedures, accounts, reports, etc.— to be used within the organizational segment served. He must secure prior approval from higher levels for only those changes which would basically affect the broad requirements prescribed by such higher levels. Typical responsibilities include:

Evaluating and taking final action on recommendations proposed by subordinate establishments for changes in aspects of the accounting system or activities not prescribed by higher authority;

Extending cost accounting operations to areas not previously covered;

Changing from one cost accounting method to another;

Expanding the utilization of computers within the accounting process; and

Preparing accounting reports and statements reflecting the events and progress of the entire organization for which he is responsible; often consolidating data submitted by subordinate segments.

This degree of authority is most typically found at intermediate organizational levels such as regional offices, or division or subsidiary headquarters. It is also found in some company level situations where the authority of the chief accountant is less extensive than is described in AR-3. More rarely it is found in plant level chief accountants who have been delegated more authority than usual for such positions as described in AR-1.

1 Insufficient data were obtained for le v e l V to warrant presentation of average salaries.


4 8


A R -3. Has complete responsibility for establishing and maintaining the framework for the basic accounting system used in the company, subject only to general policy guidance and control from a higher level company official responsible for general financial management. Typical responsibilities include:

Determining the basic characteristics of the company's accounting system and the specific accounts to be used;

Devising and preparing accounting reports and statements required to meet management's needs for data;

Establishing basic accounting policies, interpretations, and procedures;

Reviewing and taking action on proposed revisions to the company's accounting system suggested by subordinate units; and

Taking final action on all technical accounting matters.

Characteristically, participates extensively in broad company management processes by providing accounting advice, interpretations, or recommendations based on data accumulated in the accounting system and on his professional judgment and experience.

Technical Complexity

T C -1. The organization which the accounting program serves has relatively few functions, products, work processes, etc., and these tend to be stable and unchanging. The accounting system operates in accordance with well-established principles and practices or those of equivalent difficulty which are typical of that industry.

TC- Z. The organization which the accounting program serves has a relatively large number of functions, products, work processes, etc., which require substantial and frequent adaptations of the basic system to meet management needs (e.g., adoption of new accounts, subaccounts, and subsidiary records; revision of instructions for the use of accounts; improvement or expansion of methods for accumulating and reporting cost data in connection with new or changed work processes).

TC -3. The organization which the accounting program serves puts a heavy demand on the accounting organization for specialized and extensive adaptations of the basic system to meet management needs. Such demands arise because the functions, products, work processes, etc., of the organization are very numerous, diverse, unique, or specialized, or there are other comparable complexities. Consequently, the accounting system, to a considerable degree, is developed well beyond established principles and accounting practices in order to:

Provide for the solution of problems for which no clear precedents exist; or

Provide for the development or extension of accounting theories and practices to deal with problems to which these theories and practices have not previously been applied.

Subordinate Staff

In the chart that follows, the number of professional accountants supervised is recognized to be a relatively crude criterion for distinguishing between various classes. It is to be considered less important in the matching process than the other criteria. In addition to the staff of professional accountants in the system for which the chief accountant is responsible, there are clerical, machine operation, bookkeeping, and related personnel.



ClassAuthority

andresponsibility *

T echnical complexity *

Subordinate staff of professional accountants in the system for which he is responsible.

I AR-1 TC-1 Only one or two professional accountants, who do not exceed the accountant III job definition.

II AR-1

or

AR-2

or

AR-3

TC-2 About 5 to 10 professional accountants, with at least one or two matching the accountant IV job definition.

TC-1 About 5 to 10 professional accountants. Most of these match the accountant III job definition, but one or two may match the accountant IV job definition.

TC-1 Only one or two professional accountants, who do not exceed the accountant IV job definition.

III AR-1

or

TC-3 About 15 to 20 professional accountants. At least one or two match the accountant V job definition.

AR-2

or

TC-2 About 15 to 20 professional accountants. Many of these match the accountant IV job definition, but some may match the accountant V job definition.

AR-3 TC-1 About 5 to 10 professional accountants. Most of these match the accountant III job definition, but one or two may match as high as accountant V.

IV AR-2

or

AR-3

TC-3 About 25 to 40 professional accountants. Many of these match the accountant V job definition, but several may exceed that level.

TC-2 About 15 to 20 professional accountants. Most of these match the accountant IV job definition, but several may match the accountant V and one or two may exceed that level.

V AR-3 TC-3 About 25 to 40 professional accountants. Many of these match the accountant V job definition, but several may exceed that level.

A R -1 , -2 , and -3 ; and T C -1 , -2 , and -3 are explained on the preceding pages.


50

A T T O R N E Y S

A T T O R N E Y 2

P e r f o r m s con su lta t ion and a d v is o r y w o rk and c a r r i e s out the le g a l p r o c e s s e s n e c e s s a r y to e f f e c t the r ig h ts , p r iv i l e g e s , and ob liga tion s o f the com p a n y . The w o r k p e r fo r m e d r e q u ir e s c o m p le t io n o f law s c h o o l with an L L . B . d e g r e e (o r the equivalent) and a d m is s io n to the b a r . R e s p o n s ib i l i t ie s o r functions inc lude one or m o r e o f the fo l low in g o r c o m p a r a b le d u t ie s :

P r e p a r in g and rev iew in g v a r iou s le g a l in s tru m en ts and d ocu m en ts , such as c o n tr a c t s , l e a s e s , l i c e n s e s , p u r c h a s e s , s a le s , r e a l esta te , e t c . ;

A ct in g as agent o f the com p a n y in its t ra n s a c t io n s ;

E xam in ing m a t e r ia l ( e . g . , a d v e r t is e m e n ts , pu b lica t ion s , e t c . ) f o r le g a l i m p l i c a tions; adv is ing o f f i c ia l s o f p r o p o s e d le g is la t io n w hich m ight a f fe c t the com p a n y ;

A pply ing fo r patents , c o p y r ig h ts , o r r e g is t r a t io n o f c o m p a n y 's p ro d u c ts , p r o c e s s e s , d e v ic e s and t r a d e m a r k s ; advis ing whether to instigate o r defend law su its ;

C onducting p r e - t r i a l p re p a ra t io n s ; defending the com p a n y in la w su its ; and

A d v is in g o f f i c ia l s on tax m a t te r s , G ov ern m en t r e g u la t ion s , a n d /o r c o r p o r a t e r igh ts .

E xc lu d ed f r o m this de fin ition are :

P atent w o r k w hich r e q u ir e s p r o fe s s i o n a l training in addition to le g a l tra in ing (typ ic a l ly , a d e g r e e in eng ineer ing or in a s c ie n c e ) ;

C la im s exam in ing , c la im s investigating o r s im i la r w o r k f o r which p r o fe s s i o n a l le g a l tra ining and b ar m e m b e r s h ip is not e s s e n t ia l ;

A t to r n e y s , freq u en tly tit led "g e n e r a l c o u n s e l " (and the ir im m e d ia te fu ll a s s o c ia t e s or deput ies ) , who s e r v e as com p a n y o f f i c e r s or the equ iva lent and a re r e s p o n s ib le f o r partic ipatin g in the o v e r a l l m an agem en t and fo rm u la t ion o f p o l i c y f o r the c o m p a n y in addition to d irect in g its le g a l w o rk . (The duties and re s p o n s ib i l i t ie s o f such p os it ion s e x c e e d le v e l VI as d e s c r ib e d be low . )

A tto rn e y jo b s w h ich m e e t the a bove de fin it ions a re to be c la s s i f i e d and c o d e d in a c c o r d a n c e with the ch a r t be low .

D if f icu lty le v e l o f le g a l w ork*

R e sp o n s ib i l i ty le v e l o f job * E x p e r ie n c e r e q u ir e d

I T his is the entry le v e l . The duties and r e s p o n s ib i l i t ie s a fter in itial o r i entation and training are those d e s c r ib e d in D - l and R - l .

C om plet ion o f law s c h o o l with an L L . B. o r J . D . d e g r e e plus a d m is s io n to the b ar .

II D - l R -2or

0 1 N) R - 1

Su ffic ient p r o fe s s i o n a l e x p e r i e n c e (at lea s t 1 y e a r , u su a lly m o r e ) at the " D - l " le v e l to a s s u r e c o m p e te n c e as an a t to rn ey

III D - 2 R -2 A t le a s t 1 y e a r , u su a lly m o r e , o f p r o -— D -3 R - l fe s s i o n a l e x p e r ie n c e at the " D - 2 " le v e l .

2 See appendix B for description of revisions in the number and definition of work levels.


51

A T T O R N E Y ----Continued

Clas s D if f icu lty le v e l o f le g a l w o rk *

R e s p o n s ib i l i ty le v e l o f j o b * E x p e r ie n c e re q u ire d

IV D -2 — D -3

R -3R -2

E xten s ive p r o fe s s i o n a l e x p e r ie n c e at the " D - 2 " o r a h ig h er lev e l .

V D -3 R -3 E xtens ive p r o fe s s i o n a l e x p e r ie n c e at the " D - 3 " le v e l .

VI D -3 R -4 E xtens ive p r o fe s s i o n a l e x p e r ie n c e at the " D - 3 " and " R - 3 " l e v e ls .

* D -l, D-2, D-3, and R -l, R-2, R-3, and R-4 are explained below.

NOTE: In the table above, Roman numeral designations do not identify the same attorney levels as in the 1968 and earlier surveys. (See appendix B. )

D - 1. L e g a l qu est ion s a re c h a r a c t e r iz e d by: F a c ts that a re w e l l - e s ta b l i s h e d ; c l e a r l ya p p lica b le leg a l p r e c e d e n ts ; and m a t te rs not o f substantia l im p o r ta n ce to the organ iza t ion . (U sually r e la t iv e ly l im ited su m s o f m o n e y , e . g . , a few thousand d o l la r s , a re in v o lv e d . )

E xa m p les o f D - 1 w o r k :

(a) L e g a l in vest iga t ion , negotia t ion , and r e s e a r c h p r e p a r a to r y to defending the o r gan ization in potentia l o r actu a l law su its invo lv ing a l le g e d n e g l ig e n ce w h ere the fa cts can be f i r m ly e s ta b l ish ed and there a re p re ce d e n t c a s e s d ir e c t ly a p p li ca b le to the situation.

(b) Search in g c a s e r e p o r t s , leg a l d ocu m en ts , p e r io d i c a ls , tex tb ook s , and other le g a l r e f e r e n c e s , and p rep a r in g draft op in ions on e m p lo y e e co m p e n s a t io n o r benefit quest ion s when there is a substantia l am ount o f c l e a r ly app lica b le s tatutory , r e g u la to ry , and c a s e m a te r ia l .

(c ) D raw ing up co n tra c ts and other le g a l d ocu m en ts in con n ec t ion with r e a l p r o p e r ty t ra n sa ct ion s req u ir in g the d ev e lop m en t o f de ta i led in fo rm a t io n but not invo lv ing s e r io u s qu est ion s rega rd in g t it les to p ro p e r ty or o th er m a jo r factual o r le g a l i s s u e s .

D - Z . L e g a l w o rk is r e g u la r ly d i f f icu lt by r e a s o n o f one o r m o r e o f the fo l low ing : The a b se n ce o f c l e a r and d i r e c t ly ap p licab le leg a l p r e c e d e n ts ; the d if fe ren t p o s s ib le in t e r pre ta t ion s that can be p la ce d on e ither the fa c t s , the la w s , o r the p re ce d e n ts invo lved ; the substantia l im p o r ta n ce o f the le g a l m a t te rs to the o rg a n iza t io n ( e .g . , su m s as la rg e as $100,000 a re g e n e ra l ly d ir e c t ly o r in d ire c t ly in vo lved ) ; the m a tte r is be ing s tro n g ly p r e s s e d o r c o n tested in f o r m a l p ro c e e d in g s o r in negot ia t ion s by the ind iv idua ls , c o r p o r a t i o n s , o r G o v e r n m ent a g e n c ie s in vo lved .

E xa m p le s o f D - 2 w o r k :

(a) A d v is in g on the leg a l im p l ica t io n s o f a d v er t is in g re p re se n ta t io n s when the fa c ts supporting the r e p re se n ta t io n s and the a p p lica b le p re ce d e n t c a s e s a re su b je c t to d i f fe ren t in te rp re ta t ion s .

(b) R eview ing and advis ing on the im p l ica t io n s o f new or r e v is e d laws a ffect ing the organ iza t ion .

(c) P re se n t in g the o rg a n iz a t io n 's de fen se in co u r t in a n eg l ig e n ce law su it w hich is s tron g ly p r e s s e d by co u n s e l fo r an o rg a n iz e d grou p .

(d) P ro v id in g leg a l c o u n s e l on tax quest ion s c o m p l ic a te d by the a b se n ce of p r e c e dent d e c is io n s that a re d ir e c t ly app lica b le to the o rg a n iz a t io n 's situation.


5 2

A T T O R N E Y — Continued

D - 3. L e g a l w o rk is ty p ica l ly c o m p le x and d if f icu lt b e c a u s e o f one or m o r e of the fo l low in g : The qu est ion s a re unique and r e q u ire a high o r d e r o f o r ig in a l and c r e a t iv e le g a len d ea v or f o r the ir so lution ; the qu est ion s r e q u ire ex ten s ive r e s e a r c h and a n a ly s is and the obtaining and evaluating o f e x p e r t te s t im on y reg a rd in g c o n t r o v e r s ia l i s s u e s in a s c ie n t i f i c , f inan c ia l , c o r p o r a t e o rg a n iza t ion , e n g in eer in g , o r o th er h ighly te ch n ica l a re a ; the leg a l m atter is o f c r i t i c a l im p o r ta n ce to the org a n iza t ion and is being v ig o r o u s ly p r e s s e d or c on tes ted ( e . g . , sum s such as $1 m i l l i o n o r m o r e are g e n e r a l ly d i r e c t ly o r in d ir e c t ly in vo lved ) .

E xa m p le s o f D -3 w o r k :

(a) A d v is in g on the leg a l a s p e c ts and im p l ica t io n s of F e d e r a l an titrust laws to p r o je c t e d g re a t ly expanded m ark et in g o p era t ion s involv ing jo in t ven tu res with s e v e r a l o ther o r g a n iz a t io n s .

(b) Planning leg a l s tra teg y and re p re se n t in g a utility com p a n y in rate o r G o v e r n m ent f ra n ch is e c a s e s involv ing a g e o g ra p h ic a rea including parts o r a l l o f s e v e r a l States.

(c ) P r e p a r in g and p resen tin g a ca se b e fo r e an appella te c o u rt w here the c a s e is h ighly im p orta n t to the future op era t ion o f the org a n iza t ion and is v ig o r o u s ly c on tes ted by v e r y d is t in gu ish ed ( e . g . , having a b roa d re g io n a l or national reputation) leg a l talent.

(d) S erv in g as the p r in c ip a l c o u n s e l to the o f f i c e r s and staff o f an in su ra n ce c o m pany on the le g a l p r o b le m s in the sa le , u nd erw rit in g , and a d m in is tra t io n o f g rou p c o n tra c t s invo lv ing nationwide o r m ult istate c o v e r a g e s and law s .

(e) P e r fo r m in g the p r in c ip a l le g a l w o rk in a nonroutine m a jo r r e v is io n o f the c o m p an y 's ch a r te r or in e ffectuating new m a jo r financing s teps .

R - 1. R e s p o n s ib i l i ty f o r fina l act ion is u su a lly l im ited to m a t te r s c o v e r e d by le g a l p r e c e d e n ts and in which little d ev ia tion f r o m standard p r a c t i c e is invo lved . A ny d e c is io n s o r a c t ion s having a s ign i f ican t bea r in g on the o rg a n iz a t io n 's b u s in e s s a re r e v ie w e d . (is g iven gu idance in the in itia l s tages o f h is a ss ign m en t (e. g. , in planning and orga n iz in g le g a l r e s e a r c h and stu d ies ) . A s s ig n m e n ts a re then c a r r i e d out with m o d e r a te in dependence although gu idance is g e n e r a l ly ava ilab le and is sought f r o m t i m e - t o - t i m e on p r o b le m points . )

R - 2. U sually w o rk s independently in investigating the fa c t s , sea rch in g le g a l p r e c eden ts , defining the le g a l and fa ctua l i s s u e s , drafting the n e c e s s a r y leg a l d ocu m en ts and d eve lop in g co n c lu s io n s and re c o m m e n d a t io n s . D e c is io n s having an im p orta n t bea r in g on the o r g a n iz a t io n 's b u s in e s s a re r e v ie w e d . (R e c e iv e s in fo rm a t ion f r o m s u p e r v is o r rega rd in g unusual c i r c u m s t a n c e s o r im p orta n t p o l i c y c o n s id e r a t io n s perta in ing to a leg a l p r o b le m . If t r ia ls a re in v o lv ed , m a y r e c e iv e guidance f r o m a s u p e r v is o r r e g a rd in g presen ta t ion , line o f a p p ro a ch , p o s s ib le line o f op p os it ion to be en cou n tered , e tc . In the c a s e o f n o n routine w ritten p resen ta t ion s the final p rod u ct is r e v ie w e d c a r e fu l ly , but p r im a r i ly fo r o v e r a l l soundness o f le g a l rea son in g and co n s is t e n c y with o rgan iza t ion p o l i c y . S om e , but not a l l a t to rn e y s , m ake a ss ign m en ts to one or m o r e lo w e r l e v e l a t to rn ey s , a id s , o r c l e r k s . )

R - 3 . C a r r ie s out a ss ig n m e n ts independently and m a k es final leg a l de te rm in a tion s in m a t te r s o f substantia l im p o r ta n ce to his o rgan iza t ion . Such d e te rm in a t ion s a re su b j e c t to r e v ie w only f o r c o n s is t e n c y with co m p a n y p o l i c y , p o s s ib le p re ce d e n t e f f e c t , and o v e r a l l e f f e c t iv e n e s s . T o c a r r y out his a ss ign m en ts he deals r e g u la r ly with com p a n y o f f i c e r s and top le v e l m an agem en t o f f i c ia l s and confe.rs o r n egot ia tes r e g u la r ly with se n io r a ttorn eys and o f f i c ia l s in o th er co m p a n ie s or in G overn m en t a g e n c ie s on v a r io u s a sp e c ts o f h is a s s ig n e d w ork . (R e c e iv e s little o r no p r e l im in a r y in s tru ct io n on le g a l p r o b le m s and a m in im u m o f te ch n ica l le g a l su p e rv is io n . M ay a s s ig n and re v ie w w o r k o f a few a tto rn ey s , but this is not a p r im a r y re s p o n s ib i l i t y . )

R - 4 . C a r r ie s out a ss ign m en ts which enta il independently planning in vest iga t ion s and n egotia t ions on leg a l p r o b le m s o f the h igh est im p o r ta n ce to his o rg a n iza t ion and d e v e l oping c o m p le te d b r i e f s , op in ion s , c o n t r a c t s , o r other leg a l p ro d u c ts . T o c a r r y out his a ss ign m en ts he r e p r e s e n ts h is o rg a n iza t ion at c o n fe r e n c e s , h e a r in g s , o r t r ia l s , and p e r s o n a l ly c o n fe r s and n egot ia tes with top a ttorneys and top -ran k in g o f f i c ia l s in p r iva te co m p a n ie s o r in G ov ern m en t a g e n c ie s . On v a r iou s a sp e c ts o f his a ss ig n e d w o rk m ay g ive ad v ice


53

A T T ORN E Y----C ontinu e d

d ir e c t ly and p e rs o n a l ly to c o r p o r a t i o n o f f i c e r s and top l e v e l m a n a g e r s , o r m a y w o rk through the g e n e r a l c o u n s e l o f the com p a n y in adv is ing o f f i c e r s . (G en era l ly r e c e iv e s no p r e l im in a r y in s tru ct io n on le g a l p r o b le m s . On m a t te rs r eq u ir in g the co n ce n tra te d e f f o r t s o f s e v e r a l a t to rn ey s o r other s p e c ia l i s t s , is r e s p o n s ib le fo r d ire c t in g , coo rd in a t in g and rev iew in g the w o r k o f the a ttorn eys i n v o lv e d . )

OR

A s a p r im a r y re s p o n s ib i l i t y , d ir e c t s the w o r k o f a sta ff o f a t to rn ey s , on e , but usua lly m o r e , o f w hom r e g u la r ly p e r f o r m D -3 le g a l w ork . With r e s p e c t to the w o rk d ir e c t e d , g iv e s a d v ice d ir e c t ly to c o r p o r a t i o n o f f i c e r s and top m a n a g e r ia l o f f i c e r s , or m a y g ive such ad v ice through the g e n e r a l c o u n s e l . (R e c e iv e s guidance as to o rg a n iza t ion p o l i c y but no te ch n ica l s u p e r v is io n or a s s i s ta n c e e x ce p t when he m ight r eq u est ad v ice f r o m , or be b r ie f e d on, the o v e r a l l a p p ro a ch to the m o s t d if f icu lt , n o v e l o r im p ortan t le g a l q u e s t io n s , by the g e n e r a l co u n s e l . U sua lly r e p o r t s to the g e n e ra l c o u n s e l o r his deputy .)

B U YER S

B U Y E R

P u r c h a s e s m a t e r ia ls , su p p lie s , equ ipm ent, and s e r v i c e s ( e . g . , u t i l i t ie s , m a intenance , and r e p a ir ) . In s o m e in s ta n ces item s a r e o f types that m ust be s p e c ia l ly d es ig n ed , p ro d u ce d , o r m o d i f ie d by the ven d or in a c c o r d a n c e with draw ings o r en g in eer in g s p e c i f i c a t io n s .

S o l ic its b id s , a n a lyzes quotations r e c e iv e d , and s e le c t s o r r e c o m m e n d s su p p lie r . M ay in te rv iew p r o s p e c t iv e v e n d o r s . P u r c h a s e s item s and s e r v i c e s at the m o s t fa v o r a b le p r i c e co n s is te n t with quality , quantity, s p e c i f i c a t io n r e q u ir e m e n ts , and oth er fa c t o r s . P r e p a re s o r s u p e r v is e s p re p a ra t io n o f p u rch a se o r d e r s f r o m re q u is i t io n s . M ay exped ite d e l iv e r y and v is i t v e n d o r s ' o f f i c e s and p lants .

N orm a lly , p u rch a s e s a re u n rev iew ed when they a re c o n s is te n t with past e x p e r ie n c e , and a r e in c o n fo r m a n c e with e s ta b l ish e d ru les and p o l i c i e s . P r o p o s e d p u rch a se tra n sa ct io n s that dev iate f r o m the usual o r f r o m past e x p e r ie n c e in t e r m s o f p r i c e s , quality o f i t e m s , quantities , e tc . , o r that m a y set p re ce d e n ts fo r future p u r c h a s e s , a re r e v ie w e d by h igher authority p r io r to f ina l a ct ion .

In addition to the w o r k d e s c r ib e d a b ov e , s o m e (but not all) b u yers d i r e c t the w o rk o f one o r a few c le r k s who p e r f o r m routine a s p e c ts o f the w o rk . A s a s e c o n d a r y and s u b s id ia r y duty, s o m e b u y e rs m a y a ls o s e l l o r d i s p o s e o f su rp lu s , sa lv a g e , o r u sed m a t e r ia ls , equ ipm ent, o r su p p lie s .

N O TE: S om e b u y e rs a r e r e s p o n s ib le fo r the pu rch a s in g o f a v a r ie t y o f i t em s andm a t e r ia ls . When the v a r ie t y in c lu d es item s and w o r k d e s c r ib e d at m o r e than one o f the fo l low in g le v e ls , the p os it io n shou ld be c o n s id e r e d to equal the h ighest l e v e l that c h a r a c t e r iz e s at lea s t a substantia l p o r t io n o f the b u y e r 's t im e .

E xc lu ded are :

(a) B u y e rs o f it em s fo r d i r e c t sa le , e ither w h o le s a le o r re ta i l ;(b) B r o k e r s and d e a le r s buying fo r c l ien ts o r f o r in vestm ent p u r p o s e s ;(c ) P o s it io n s that s p e c i f i c a l l y r e q u ir e p r o fe s s i o n a l education and qu a li f ica t ion s in

a p h y s ica l s c ie n c e o r in en g in eer in g ( e . g . , c h e m is t , m e c h a n ic a l en g in eer ) ;


54

B U Y E R — C ontinued

(d) B u y e rs who s p e c ia l i z e in p u rch a s in g a s ing le o r a few re la ted item s o f h ighly v a r ia b le quality such as raw co tton o r w o o l , t o b a c c o , ca tt le , o r lea ther f o r shoe u p p e r s , e t c . E xp er t p e r s o n a l kn ow ledge o f the item is r e q u ir e d to judge the re la t iv e va lue o f the g ood s o f f e r e d , and to d e c id e the quantity, quality , and p r i c e o f ea ch p u r c h a s e in t e r m s o f its p ro b a b le e f f e c t on the o r g a n iz a t io n 's p ro f i t and c o m p e t i t iv e status;

(e) B u y e rs w h ose p r in c ip a l r e s p o n s ib i l i t y is the su p e r v is io n o f o th er b u y e rs o r the m a n a g em en t , d ir e c t io n , o r s u p e r v is io n o f a pu rch as in g p r o g r a m ;

( f ) P e r s o n s p red om in a n t ly c o n c e r n e d with co n tra c t o r su b con tra c t a d m in is tra t ion ;(g) P e r s o n s w h ose m a jo r duties c o n s is t o f o r d e r in g , r e o r d e r in g , o r req u is i t ion in g

item s under ex is t in g c o n tr a c t s ; and(h) P o s i t i o n s r e s t r i c t e d to the c l e r i c a l functions o r to p u rch a s e exped it ing w o rk .

B u y e r I

P u r c h a s e s " o f f - t h e - s h e l f " types o f r e a d i ly a v a i la b le , c o m m o n ly u sed m a t e r i a l s , s u p p l i e s , t o o l s , fu rn itu re , s e r v i c e s , e tc .

T r a n s a c t io n s u su a lly in vo lve l o c a l r e t a i le r s , w h o le s a le r s , j o b b e r s , and m a n u fa c t u r e r s ' s a le s r e p r e s e n ta t iv e s .

Quantities p u rch a se d a r e g e n e ra l ly s m a l l am ounts , e . g. , th ose a v a ila b le f r o m lo c a ls o u r c e s .

E xa m p le s o f i t em s p u rch a s e d inc lude : C o m m o n s ta t io n e ry and o f f i c e su p p lie s ; s tan d a rd types o f o f f i c e fu rn iture and f ix tu re s ; standard nuts, b o lt s , s c r e w s ; ja n i t o r ia l and c o m m o n build ing m a intenance su p p lie s ; and c o m m o n build ing m ain tenan ce o r c o m m o n util ity s e r v i c e s .

B u y e r II

P u r c h a s e s " o f f - t h e - s h e l f " types o f standard , g e n e ra l ly ava i la b le t e c h n ic a l i t e m s , m a t e r ia ls , and s e r v i c e s .

T ra n s a c t io n s u su a lly in vo lve dealing d i r e c t ly with m a n u fa c tu r e r s , d is t r ib u to r s , j o b b e r s , e tc .

Q uantities o f item s and m a t e r ia ls p u rch a s e d m a y be r e la t iv e ly la r g e , p a r t i c u la r ly in the c a s e o f c o n tra c ts fo r continuing supply o v e r a p e r io d o f t im e .

M ay be r e s p o n s ib le fo r lo ca t in g o r p ro m o t in g p o s s ib l e new s o u r c e s o f supply . U s u a l ly is e x p e c te d to k eep a b re a s t o f m a rk e t t r e n d s , changes in b u s in e ss p r a c t i c e s in the a ss ig n e d m a r k e ts , new o r a lt e re d types o f m a t e r ia ls en ter ing the m a rk e t , e tc .

E xa m p le s o f it em s p u rch a s e d include: Industr ia l types o f handtoo ls ; e le c t r o n i c tube and com p on en t test in s tru m en ts ; s tandard e le c t r o n ic parts and c o m p o n e n ts ; e l e c t r i c m o t o r s ; g a so l in e s e r v i c e station equ ipm ent; P B X o r o th er s p e c ia l i z e d te lephon e s e r v i c e s ; and routine p u r c h a s e s o f c o m m o n raw m a t e r ia ls such as standard g ra d es and s iz e s o f s t e e l b a r s , r o d s , and a n g les .

A l s o in c luded at this l e v e l a re b u y e rs o f m a t e r ia ls o f the types d e s c r ib e d fo r b u y e r I when the quantities p u rch a se d a re la rg e so that l o c a l s o u r c e s o f supply a re g e n e r a l ly inadequate and the bu y er m u st dea l d i r e c t ly with m a n u fa c tu rers on a b r o a d e r than l o c a l s c a le .

B u y er III

P u r c h a s e s i t e m s , m a t e r ia ls , o r s e r v i c e s o f a t e ch n ica l and s p e c ia l i z e d nature . The i t e m s , w h ile o f a c o m m o n g e n e r a l type , a re u su a lly m a d e , a l te re d , o r c u s to m iz e d to m e e t the u s e r 's s p e c i f i c needs and s p e c i f i c a t io n s .


55

B U Y E R — Continued

T ra n s a c t io n s u su a lly r e q u ir e dea ling with m a n u fa c tu re rs . The num ber o f potentia l v e n d o rs is l ik e ly to be s m a l l and p r i c e d i f fe re n t ia ls o ften r e f l e c t im portant fa c t o r s (quality , d e l i v e r y dates , and p la c e s , e t c . ) that a re d if f icu lt to eva luate .

The quantities p u rch a se d o f any item o r s e r v i c e m a y be la rg e .

M any o f the p u rch a s e s in vo lve one o r m o r e o f such c o m p l ic a t io n s as: S p ec i f ica t ion s that d e ta i l , in te ch n ica l t e r m s , the r e q u ire d p h y s ica l , c h e m ic a l , e l e c t r i c a l , o r o th er c o m p a ra b le p r o p e r t ie s ; s p e c ia l test ing p r i o r to a c c e p ta n c e ; grouping o f item s fo r lot b idding and a w a rd s ; s p e c ia l i z e d p r o c e s s in g , pack ing , o r packaging r e q u ir e m e n ts ; ex p or t p a ck s ; o v e r s e a s p o r t d i f fe re n t ia ls ; e tc .

Is ex p ec ted to k eep a b re a s t o f m a rk e t and p rod u ct d e v e lo p m e n ts . M ay be r e q u ire d to lo ca te new s o u r c e s o f supply .

S om e p os it ion s m a y in vo lve a s s is t in g in the tra in ing o r s u p e rv is in g o f lo w e r le v e l b u y ers o r c l e r k s .

E xa m p les o f i t em s p u rch a se d include: C ast in gs ; s p e c ia l extruded shapes o f n o r m a ls iz e and m a te r ia l ; s p e c ia l fo rm u la paints ; e l e c t r i c m o t o r s o f s p e c ia l shape o r speed ; s p e c ia l packaging o f i t e m s ; and raw m a te r ia ls in substantia l quantities .

B u y e r IV

P u r c h a s e s h igh ly c o m p le x and te ch n ica l i t e m s , m a t e r ia ls , o r s e r v i c e s , u su a lly th ose s p e c ia l ly d es ig n ed and m an u factu red e x c lu s iv e ly f o r the p u r c h a s e r .

T ra n s a c t io n s r e q u ire dea ling with m a n u fa c tu re rs and often in vo lve persu a d in g p o te n t ia l v en d ors to undertake the m anufacturing o f c u s to m d es ig n ed item s a c c o r d in g to c o m p le x and r ig id s p e c i f i c a t io n s .

Quantities o f i t em s and m a te r ia ls p u rch a se d a r e o ften la rg e in o r d e r to s a t is fy the re q u ire m e n ts f o r an en t ire la rg e o rg a n iza t ion fo r an extended p e r io d o f t im e . C o m p le x sch ed u les o f d e l i v e r y a r e o ften in vo lved . B u y er d e te rm in e s ap p rop r ia te quantities to be c o n tra c te d fo r at any g iven p e r io d o f t im e .

T ra n s a c t io n s a re o ften c o m p l ic a te d by the p r e s e n c e o f one o r m o r e such m a tte rs as in c lu s ion of: R eq u irem en ts fo r sp a re p a r ts , p re p ro d u c t io n sa m p les and test in g , o r te ch n ica l l i te ra tu re ; o r patent and ro y a lty p r o v is i o n s .

K eeps a b rea st o f m a rk e t and p rod u ct d e v e lo p m e n ts . D ev e lop s new s o u r c e s o f supply.

In addition to the w o r k d e s c r ib e d a b ov e , a few p os it ion s m a y a ls o r e q u ire su p e r v is io n o v e r a few low er le v e l b u y ers o r c l e r k s . (No p o s it io n is in c luded in this l e v e l s o le ly b e c a u s e s u p e r v is o r y duties a re p e r f o r m e d . )

E xa m p les o f item s p u rch a se d inc lude : S p e c ia l p u rp o se high c o s t m a ch in e to o ls and p rod u ct ion fa c i l i t ie s ; raw m a t e r ia ls o f c r i t i c a l l y im portant c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o r quality; p a r ts , s u b a s s e m b l ie s , c o m p o n e n ts , e t c . , s p e c ia l ly d es ig n ed and m ade to o r d e r ( e . g . , co m m u n ica t io n s equ ipm ent f o r in sta l la t ion in a ir c r a f t be ing m an u factured ; com p on en t a s s e m b l ie s f o r m i s s i l e s and ro c k e ts ; and m o t o r v e h ic le f r a m e s ) .

B u y e r V 3

P u r c h a s e s item s o r m a t e r ia ls , e ither t e ch n ica l o r n ontechn ica l , in su ch unusually la rg e quantities that indiv idual p u rch a s e s can a ffe c t the o v e r a l l m a rk e t p r i c e o f the c o m m od ity . (N O T E : Only the v e r y la r g e s t o rg a n iz a t io n s , e . g . , those em p loy in g m o r e than10 ,000 p e r s o n s , a re ab le to buy in the quantities con tem p la ted in this p a ragrap h . E ven in the v e r y la rg e o rg a n iza t ion s this le v e l o f buying is often absent and even when p r e s e n t , is r e s t r i c t e d to a v e r y few b u y ers o r is a ss ig n e d , not to a b u yer but to so m e h igh er ranking o f f i c i a l . )

3 Insufficient data were obtained for le v e l V to warrant presentation of average salaries.Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

5 6

B U Y E R — Continued

A lte rn a t iv e ly , m a y p u rch a se item s o f e x t r a o r d in a r y t e ch n ica l c o m p le x i ty (e . g. , m i s s i le gu idance s y s te m s ; it em s that in vo lve the o u te rm o s t l im its o f the p h y s ic a l s c i e n c e s o r en g ineer ing ) o r o f unusually high indiv idual value ( e . g . , m u lt iengine je t a i r c r a f t ; la r g e c a p a c ity c o m p u te r s ; and high ca p a c it y t u r b in e -g e n e r a t o r s ) .

U su a lly is r e q u ir e d to identi fy and c o n s id e r a l l p o s s ib l e s o u r c e s o f supply.

T he t ra n sa c t io n s a re so la rg e that they o ften a f fe c t a c o n s id e r a b le p o r t io n o f the in du stry o r trade c o n c e r n e d , resu lt in g in c o m p le x scheduling and d if f icu lty in negotiating m utually a c ce p ta b le a r ra n g e m e n ts .

F req u en t ly is r e q u ir e d to d e v e lo p new s o u r c e s o f supply through p e r s u a s io n o f m a n u fa c t u r e r s o r o th er c o n c e r n s to expand o r c o n v e r t plants and fa c i l i t i e s .

In addition to the w o r k d e s c r ib e d ab ov e , a few p os it ion s m a y a ls o r e q u ir e s u p e r v is io n o v e r a few lo w e r g rad e b u y e rs o r c l e r k s . (No p os it io n is in c luded in this l e v e l s o le ly b e c a u s e s u p e r v is o r y duties a re p e r f o r m e d . )

P E R S O N N E L M A N A G E M E N T

JOB A N A L Y S T

P e r f o r m s w o rk in vo lved in c o l l e c t in g , analyzing , and d ev e lop in g o c cu p a t io n a l data re la t iv e to j o b s , jo b q u a li f ica t ion s , and w o r k e r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s as a b a s is f o r c om p en sa t in g e m p lo y e e s in a fa i r , equ itab le , and u n i fo rm m a n n er . P e r f o r m s such duties as studying and analyzing jo b s and p re p a r in g d e s c r ip t io n s o f duties and re s p o n s ib i l i t ie s and o f the p h y s ic a l and m en ta l re q u ire m e n ts n eeded by w o r k e r s ; evaluating jo b s and d e te rm in in g a p p ro p r ia te w age o r s a la r y lev e ls in a c c o r d a n c e with th e ir d i f f icu lty and r e s p o n s ib i l i t y ; independently conduct ing o r p art ic ip a t in g with r e p r e s e n ta t iv e s o f o ther c o m p a n ie s in con duct in g c o m p e n sation su rv ey s within a lo c a l i ty o r la b or m a rk et a re a ; a ss is t in g in a d m in is te r in g m e r i t rating p r o g r a m ; rev iew in g changes in w ages and s a la r ie s ind icated by su rv e y s and re c o m m e n d in g changes in pay s c a le s ; and auditing indiv idual jo b s to ch e c k the p r o p r ie t y o f eva luations and to apply cu rre n t jo b c la s s i f i c a t io n s .

J ob A na lyst I

A s a tra in e e , p e r f o r m s w o r k in des ign ated a re a s and o f l im ited o ccu p a t io n a l s c o p e . R e c e iv e s im m e d ia te su p e r v is io n in a ss ign m en ts d es ig n ed to p ro v id e tra in ing in the a pp lica t ion o f e s ta b l ish ed m ethods and tech n iqu es o f jo b a n a ly s is . Studies the least d if f icu lt jo b s and p r e p a r e s r e p o r ts fo r r e v ie w by a jo b analyst o f h igher lev e l .

Job A na lyst II

S tudies , d e s c r i b e s , and evaluates jo b s in a c c o r d a n c e with e s ta b l ish ed p r o c e d u r e s . Is u su a lly a ss ign e d to the s im p le r kinds o f both wage and s a la r ie d jo b s in the es ta b l ish m en t . W ork s independently on such a ss ign m en ts but is l im ited b y in stru ct ion s o f his s u p e r io r and by de fined a r e a o f a ss ign m en t .

Job A na lyst III

A n a ly zes and evaluates a v a r ie ty o f wage and s a la r ie d jo b s in a c c o r d a n c e with e s ta b l ish ed evaluation s y s te m s and p r o c e d u r e s . M ay conduct w age su rv e y s within the lo c a l i ty o r p ar t ic ip a te in conduct ing su rv e y s o f b ro a d co m p e n sa t io n a r e a s . M ay a s s i s t in d eve lop in g s u r v e y m ethods and p lans . R e c e iv e s g e n e r a l s u p e rv is io n but r e s p o n s ib i l i t y fo r fina l act ion is l im ited .


5 7

JOB A N A L Y S T — Continued

Job A na lyst IV

A n a ly z e s and eva luates a v a r ie ty o f jo b s in a c c o r d a n c e with e s ta b l ish ed evaluation s y s te m s and p r o c e d u r e s , and is g iven a ss ign m e n t which re g u la r ly in c lud es r e s p o n s ib i l i t y fo r the m o r e d if f icu lt kinds o f j o b s . ( " M o r e d i f f i cu lt " m eans jo b s which c o n s is t o f h a r d - t o - u nderstand w ork p r o c e s s e s ; e. g. , p r o fe s s i o n a l , s c ie n t i f i c , a d m in is tra t iv e , or tech n ica l ; o r jo b s in new o r em e rg in g o ccu p a tion a l f ie ld s ; £ r jo b s w hich a re being e s ta b l ish ed as part o f the c r e a t i o n o f new org a n iza t ion s ; o r w h ere other s p e c ia l c o n s id e ra t io n s o f these types a p p ly . ) R e c e iv e s g e n e ra l s u p e rv is io n , but r e s p o n s ib i l i t y f o r fina l a ct ion is l im ited . M ay p a rt ic ip a te in the d e v e lo p m e n t and insta l la t ion o f eva luation o r co m p e n sa t io n s y s t e m s , w hich m a y include those fo r m e r i t rating p r o g r a m s . M ay plan su rv ey m eth od s and con duct or d ir e c t w age su rv e y s within a b ro a d c o m p e n s a t io n a re a .

D IR E C T O R OR P E R SO N N E L 4

D ir e c t s a p e r s o n n e l m an agem en t p r o g r a m fo r a com pan y or a seg m en t o f a com p an y . S e r v e s top m an agem en t o f f i c ia l s o f the o rg a n iza t ion as the s o u r c e of adv ice and a s s i s ta n c e on p e r s o n n e l m a n agem en t m a t te rs and p r o b le m s g e n e ra l ly ; is ty p ica l ly con su lted on the p e r s o n n e l im p l ica t io n s o f planned ch anges in m an a gem en t p o l i c y o r p r o g r a m , the e f f e c ts on the org a n iza t ion o f e c o n o m ic o r m a rk e t t r e n d s , p rod u ct o r p rod u ct ion m ethod c h a n g e s , e t c . ; r e p r e s e n ts m an agem en t in con ta cts with other c o m p a n ie s , trade a s s o c ia t io n s , g o v e rn m e n t a g e n c ie s , e tc . , dealing p r im a r i ly with p e rs o n n e l m an agem ent m a t te r s .

T y p ic a l ly the d i r e c t o r o f p e rs o n n e l fo r a com pan y r e p o r t s to a com pan y o f f i c e r in ch a rg e o f in d u str ia l r e la t ion s and p e rs o n n e l m an a gem en t a c t iv i t ie s o r an o f f i c e r o f s im i la r le v e l . B e low the com p a n y le v e l the d i r e c t o r of p e r s o n n e l t y p ica l ly r e p o r t s to a com pan y o f f i c e r o r a high m a n agem en t o f f i c ia l who has r e s p o n s ib i l i t y fo r the op era t ion o f a plant, e s ta b l ish m en t , o r other segm en t o f the com p an y .

F o r a jo b to be c o v e r e d by this de fin ition , the p e r s o n n e l m a n agem en t p r o g r a m m ust inc lude r e s p o n s ib i l i t y f o r a l l th ree o f the fo l low in g functions;

(1) A d m in is te r in g a jo b evaluation sy s te m ; i. e. , a s y s te m in w h ich th ere a re e s tab l ished p r o c e d u r e s by w h ich jo b s are an a lyzed and evaluated on the b a s is o f their duties , r e s p o n s ib i l i t i e s , and qu a li f ica t ion r e q u ire m e n ts in o r d e r to p rov id e a foundation fo r equitable co m p e n sa t io n . T y p ica l ly , such a s y s te m in c ludes the u se o f one o r m o r e sets o f j o b evaluation fa c t o r s and the p re p a ra t io n o f f o r m a l jo b d e s c r ip t io n s . It m a y a ls o include such re la ted functions as wage and s a la ry su rv e y s or m e r i t rating sy s te m a d m in is tra t ion . The jo b evaluation s y s te m (s ) d o e s not n e c e s s a r i l y c o v e r a l l jo b s in the orga n iza t ion , but does c o v e r a substantia l p ort ion o f the organ iza t ion .

(2) E m p loy m en t and p la ce m e n t functions ; i . e. , r e c ru it in g a c t iv e ly f o r at le a s t s o m e kinds o f w o r k e r s through a v a r ie ty o f s o u r c e s ( e . g . , s c h o o ls o r c o l l e g e s , e m p loym en t a g e n c ie s , p r o fe s s i o n a l s o c i e t i e s , e t c . ) ; evaluating app licants against dem ands o f p a r t i c u lar jo b s by u se o f such techn iques as jo b a n a ly s is to d e te rm in e r e q u ir e m e n ts , in t e r v ie w s , w ritten tests o f aptitude, k n ow ledge , sk i l l , r e f e r e n c e c h e c k s , e x p e r ie n c e e v a lu a t ions , e t c . ; r e co m m e n d in g s e le c t io n s and jo b p la ce m e n ts to m an agem en t , e tc .

(3) E m p lo y e e re la t ion s and s e r v i c e s functions ; i. e . , functions d es ig n ed to m ainta in e m p lo y e e s ' m o r a le and p rod u ct iv i ty at a high le v e l ( fo r exam p le a d m in is te r in g a f o r m a l or in fo rm a l g r ie v a n c e p r o c e d u r e ; identify ing and r e co m m e n d in g so lu tions f o r p e rs o n n e l p r o b le m s such as a b s e n te e is m , high tu rn ov er , low p rod u ct iv i ty , e tc . ; a d m in is tra t ion o f b e n e f i c ia l su ggest ion s s y s te m , r e t i r e m e n t , pen s ion , o r in su ran ce p lans , m e r i t rating s y s te m , e t c . ; o v e r s e e in g c a fe te r ia o p e ra t io n s , r e c r e a t i o n a l p r o g r a m s , in du str ia l health and sa fety p r o g r a m s , e t c . ) .

4D efin ition revised for 1969 survey. See appendix B for an explanation of changes m ade.


58

D IR E C T O R OR P E R S O N N E L --- C on tinued

In a d d it io n , p o s i t io n s c o v e r e d by th is de f in it ion m a y , but do not n e c e s s a r i l y , in clude r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s in the fo l low in g a r e a s :

a . E m p lo y e e t r a in in g and d e v e lo p m e n t

b. L a b o r r e l a t i o n s a c t i v i t i e s w hich a r e con f in ed m a in ly to the a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , i n t e r p r e t a t io n , and a p p l i c a t io n of th o se a s p e c t s of l a b o r union c o n t r a c t s that a r e e s s e n t i a l l y of the type d e s c r i b e d u n d e r (3) a b o v e . M a y a l s o p a r t i c i p a t e in b a r g a in in g of a s u b o r d in a te n a t u r e , e . g . , to n e g o t ia te d e ta i le d s e t t l e m e n t o f su c h m a t t e r s a s s p e c i f i c r a t e s , jo b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , w o r k r u l e s , h i r in g o r l a y o f f p r o c e d u r e s , e tc . , w ith in the b r o a d t e r m s o f a g e n e r a l a g r e e m e n t r e a c h e d a t h ig h e r l e v e l s , o r to su p p ly a d v ic e and i n f o r m a t io n on t e c h n ic a l po in ts to the c o m p a n y ' s p r in c i p a l r e p r e s e n t a t i v e .

E x c lu d e d a r e p o s i t io n s in which r e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r a c t u a l c o n t r a c t n e g o t ia t io n with l a b o r un io n s a s the p r i n c i p a l c o m p a n y r e p r e s e n t a t i v e i s a s ig n i f i c a n t a s p e c t of the jo b , i . e. , a r e s p o n s i b i l i t y which s e r v e s a s a p r i m a r y b a s i s f o r q u a l i f i c a t io n r e q u i r e m e n t s and c o m p e n sa t io n .

D i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l jo b s w hich m e e t the a b o v e d e f in it io n a r e c l a s s i f i e d by l e v e l of w o rk in a c c o r d a n c e with the fo l low in g tab u la t io n :

"Operations level" personnel program

"Development level" personnel program^

"Type A"Number of employees in organization

work force serviced serviced3

250-750----------------------------------------- I1.000- 5 ,000 ............................ .....................— II6 .000- 12,000-- III15.000- 25 ,000----------------------------- IV

"Type B" "Type A" "Type B'organization organization organizati:

serviced* serviced3 serviced ‘

II II IIIIII III IVIV IV VV V -

1 " Operations level" personnel program—director of personnel servicing an organizational segment (e .g ., a plant) of a company, where the basic personnel program policies, plans, objectives, e tc ., are established at company headquarters or at some other higher level between the plant and the company headquarters level. The personnel director's responsibility is to put these into operation at the local level, in such a manner as to most effectively serve the local management needs.

2 " Development level" personnel program——either:

(a) Director or personnel servicing an entire company (with or without subordinate establishments) where the personnel director plays an important role in establishment of basic personnel policies, plans, objectives, e tc ., for the company, subject to policy direction and control from company officers, or

(b) Director of personnel servicing an intermediate organization below the company level, e .g ., a division or a subsidiary, to which a relatively complete delegation of personnel program planning and development responsibility is made. In this situation only basic policy direction is given by the parent company and local officers. The director of personnel has essentially the same degree of latitude and responsibility for establishment of basic personnel policies, plans, objectives, e tc ., as described above in paragraph (a).3

" Type A" - organization serviced—most jobs serviced do not present particularly difficult or unusual recruitment, job evaluation, or training problems because the jobs consist of relatively easy-to-understand work processes, and an adequate labor supply is available. These conditions are most likely to be found in organizations in which the work force and organizational structure are relatively stable.

* "Type B" - organization serviced— a substantial number of jobs present difficult recruitment, job evaluation, or training problems because the jobs: Consist of hard-to-understand work processes (e. g . , professional, scientific, administrative, or technical);have hard-to-match skill requirements; are in new or emerging occupations; or are extremely hard to fill. These conditions are most likely to be found in organizations in which the work force, organizational structure, work processes or functions, e tc ., are complicated or unstable.

NOTE: There are gaps between different degrees of all three elements used to determine job level matches. These gaps have been provided purposely to allow room for judgment in getting the best overall job level match for each job. Thus, a job which services a work force of 850 employees should be matched with level II if it is a personnel program operations level job where the nature of the organization serviced seems to fall slightly below the definition for the type B degree. However, the same job should be matched with level I if the nature of the organization serviced clearly falls well within the definition for the type A degree.


5 9

C H E M IS T S A N D E N G I N E E R S

C H E M IS T

P e r f o r m s p r o f e s s i o n a l w o rk in r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t , in t e r p r e t a t i o n , and a n a l y s i s to d e te r m in e the c o m p o s i t io n , m o l e c u l a r s t r u c t u r e , and p r o p e r t i e s of s u b s t a n c e s ; to d e v e lo p o r in v e s t i g a t e new m a t e r i a l s and p r o c e s s e s ; and to in v e s t i g a t e the t r a n s f o r m a t i o n w hich s u b s t a n c e s u n d e r g o . W ork t y p ic a l ly r e q u i r e s a B . S . d e g r e e in c h e m i s t r y o r e q u iv a le n t in a p p r o p r i a t e and s u b s t a n t ia l c o l l e g e l e v e l s tudy of c h e m i s t r y p lu s e x p e r ie n c e .

C h e m is t I

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . T h i s i s the e n try l e v e l of p r o f e s s i o n a l w o rk r e q u i r i n g a b a c h e l o r * s d e g r e e in c h e m i s t r y an d no e x p e r i e n c e , o r the e q u iv a le n t (to a d e g r e e ) in a p p r o p r i a t e ed u c a t io n and e x p e r ie n c e . P e r f o r m s a s s i g n m e n t s d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p p r o f e s s i o n a l c a p a b i l i t i e s and to p ro v id e e x p e r ie n c e in the a p p l i c a t io n o f t r a in in g in c h e m i s t r y a s it r e l a t e s to the c o m p a n y ' s p r o g r a m s . M a y a l s o r e c e i v e f o r m a l c l a s s r o o m o r s e m i n a r type t r a in in g . ( T e r m i n a l p o s i t io n s a r e e x c lu d e d . )

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . W o rk s u n d er c l o s e s u p e r v i s io n . R e c e i v e s s p e c i f i c and d e ta i le d in s t r u c t io n s a s to r e q u i r e d t a s k s and r e s u l t s e x p e c te d . W ork i s c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s , an d i s r e v ie w e d fo r a c c u r a c y upon c o m p le t io n .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y of ro u t in e t a s k s that a r e p la n n ed to p r o v id e e x p e r ie n c e and f a m i l i a r i z a t i o n with the c h e m i s t r y s t a f f , m e t h o d s , p r a c t i c e s and p r o g r a m s o f the c o m p a n y . T he w o rk in c lu d e s a v a r i e t y of ro u t in e q u a l i t a t iv e and q u a n t i ta t iv e a n a l y s e s ; p h y s i c a l t e s t s to d e t e r m in e p r o p e r t i e s su c h a s v i s c o s i t y , t e n s i l e s t r e n g th , an d m e l t in g point; and a s s i s t i n g m o r e e x p e r ie n c e d c h e m i s t s to g a in a d d i t io n a l k n o w led ge th ro u gh p e r s o n a l o b s e r v a t i o n and d i s c u s s i o n .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n of o t h e r s . U s u a l l y none.

C h e m is t II

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A t t h i s continu ing d e v e lo p m e n ta l l e v e l , p e r f o r m s ro u t in e c h e m i c a l w o rk r e q u i r i n g s e l e c t io n and a p p l i c a t io n o f g e n e r a l and s p e c i a l i z e d m e t h o d s , t e c h n i q u e s , and in s t r u m e n t s c o m m o n ly u s e d in the l a b o r a t o r y an d the a b i l i ty to c a r r y out in s t r u c t i o n s when l e s s c o m m o n o r p r o p o s e d m e th o d s o r p r o c e d u r e s a r e n e c e s s a r y . R e q u i r e s w o rk e x p e r ie n c e a c q u i r e d in an e n try l e v e l p o s i t io n , o r a p p r o p r i a t e g r a d u a t e l e v e l s tudy . F o r t r a in in g an d d e v e lo p m e n ta l p u r p o s e s , a s s i g n m e n t s m a y in c lu d e so m e w o rk th at i s t y p ic a l of a h ig h e r l e v e l . ( T e r m i n a l p o s i t io n s a r e e x c lu d e d . )

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . S u p e r v i s o r e s t a b l i s h e s the n a tu r e and ex tent of a n a l y s i s r e q u i r e d , s p e c i f i e s m e th o d s and c r i t e r i a on new t y p e s of a s s i g n m e n t s , and r e v i e w s w o rk fo r th o r o u g h n e s s of a p p l i c a t io n of m e t h o d s and a c c u r a c y of r e s u l t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . C a r r i e s out a w ide v a r i e t y o f s t a n d a r d i z e d m e t h o d s , t e s t s , and p r o c e d u r e s . In a c c o r d a n c e with s p e c i f i c in s t r u c t io n s m a y c a r r y out p r o p o s e d and l e s s c o m m o n o n e s . I s e x p e c t e d to d e te c t p r o b l e m s in u s in g s t a n d a r d i z e d p r o c e d u r e s b e c a u s e of the co n d it io n o f the s a m p l e , d i f f i c u l t i e s with the e q u ip m e n t , e tc . R e c o m m e n d s m o d i f i c a t io n s of p r o c e d u r e s , e . g . , e x ten d in g o r c u r t a i l i n g the a n a l y s i s o r u s in g a l t e r n a t e p r o c e d u r e s , b a s e d on h i s k n o w led g e of the p r o b l e m an d p e r t in e n t a v a i l a b l e l i t e r a t u r e . C o n du c ts s p e c i f i e d p h a s e s o f r e s e a r c h p r o j e c t s a s an a s s i s t a n t to an e x p e r ie n c e d c h e m is t .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n of o t h e r s . M a y be a s s i s t e d by a few a i d s o r t e c h n i c i a n s .

C h e m is t III

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . P e r f o r m s a b r o a d r a n g e of c h e m i c a l t e s t s and p r o c e d u r e s u t i l i z e d in the l a b o r a t o r y , u s in g ju d g m e n t in the in dependent e v a lu a t io n , s e l e c t io n , and a d a p ta t io n of s t a n d a r d m e th o d s and t e c h n iq u e s . M ay c a r r y th ro u gh a c o m p le te s e r i e s o f t e s t s on a p ro d u c t in i t s d i f fe r e n t p r o c e s s s t a g e s . S o m e a s s i g n m e n t s r e q u i r e a s p e c i a l i z e d k n o w led ge o f one o r two c o m m o n c a t e g o r i e s of r e l a t e d s u b s t a n c e s . P e r f o r m a n c e a t t h i s l e v e l r e q u i r e s d e v e lo p m e n ta l e x p e r ie n c e in a p r o f e s s i o n a l p o s i t io n , o r e q u iv a le n t g r a d u a t e l e v e l e d u c a t io n .


60

C H E M IS T — C on tinued

D ir e c t io n r e c e i v e d . On ro u t in e w o rk , s u p e r v i s i o n i s v e r y g e n e r a l . A s s i s t a n c e i s fu r n i s h e d on u n u su a l p r o b l e m s and w o rk i s r e v ie w e d fo r a p p l i c a t io n of sound p r o f e s s i o n a l ju d g m e n t .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . In a c c o r d a n c e with in s t r u c t io n s a s to the n a tu re of the p r o b l e m , s e l e c t s s t a n d a r d m e t h o d s , t e s t s o r p r o c e d u r e s ; when n e c e s s a r y , d e v e lo p s o r w o r k s out a l t e r n a t e o r m o d i f i e d m e th o d s with s u p e r v i s o r ^ c o n c u r r e n c e . A s s i s t s in r e s e a r c h by a n a ly z in g s a m p l e s o r t e s t i n g new p r o c e d u r e s that r e q u i r e s p e c i a l i z e d t r a in in g b e c a u s e (a) s t a n d a r d m e th o d s a r e in a p p l i c a b l e , (b) a n a ly t i c a l f in d in g s m u s t be in t e r p r e t e d in t e r m s of c o m p l i a n c e o r n o n c o m p l ia n c e with s t a n d a r d s , o r (c) s p e c i a l i z e d and a d v a n c e d eq u ip m e n t an d t e c h n iq u e s m u s t be a d a p te d .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n of o t h e r s . M ay s u p e r v i s e o r c o o r d in a te the w o rk of a few t e c h n i c i a n s o r a i d s , and be a s s i s t e d by lo w e r l e v e l c h e m i s t s .

C h e m is t IV

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A s a fu l ly c o m p e te n t c h e m i s t in a l l c o n v e n t io n a l a s p e c t s of the s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o r the fu n c t io n a l a r e a o f the a s s i g n m e n t s , p la n s an d c o n d u c t s w ork r e q u i r i n g (a) m a s t e r y of s p e c i a l i z e d t e c h n iq u e s o r in gen u ity in s e l e c t in g and e v a lu a t in g a p p r o a c h e s to u n f o r e s e e n o r no ve l p r o b l e m s , and (b) a b i l i ty to a p p ly a r e s e a r c h a p p r o a c h to the so lu t io n of a w ide v a r i e t y o f p r o b l e m s and to a s s i m i l a t e the d e t a i l s and s i g n i f i c a n c e of c h e m i c a l and p h y s ic a l a n a l y s e s , p r o c e d u r e s , and t e s t s . R e q u i r e s s u f f i c ie n t p r o f e s s i o n a l e x p e r ie n c e to a s s u r e c o m p e t e n c e a s a fu l ly t r a i n e d w o r k e r ; o r , f o r p o s i t io n s p r i m a r i l y of a r e s e a r c h n a t u r e , c o m p le t io n of a l l r e q u i r e m e n t s fo r a d o c t o r a l d e g r e e m a y be s u b s t i tu te d f o r e x p e r i e n c e .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . In depen den tly p e r f o r m s m o s t a s s i g n m e n t s with in s t r u c t io n s a s to the g e n e r a l r e s u l t s e x p e c te d . R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n ce on u n u s u a l o r c o m p le x p r o b l e m s an d s u p e r v i s o r y a p p r o v a l on p r o p o s e d p la n s fo r p r o j e c t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s an d r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . C o n d u c ts l a b o r a t o r y a s s i g n m e n t s r e q u i r i n g the d e t e r m in a t io n and e v a lu a t io n of a l t e r n a t iv e p r o c e d u r e s and the se q u e n c e of p e r f o r m i n g th e m . P e r f o r m s c o m p l e x , e x a c t in g , o r u n u su a l a n a ly t i c a l a s s i g n m e n t s r e q u i r i n g s p e c i a l i z e d k n o w le d g e of te c h n iq u e s o r p r o d u c t s . I n t e r p r e t s r e s u l t s , p r e p a r e s r e p o r t s , and m a y p ro v id e t e c h n ic a l a d v ic e in h i s s p e c i a l i z e d a r e a .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n of o t h e r s . M ay s u p e r v i s e a s m a l l s t a f f of c h e m i s t s and t e c h n i c i a n s .

C h e m is t V

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . P a r t i c i p a t e s in p lan n in g l a b o r a t o r y p r o g r a m s on the b a s i s of s p e c i a l i z e d k n o w led ge o f p r o b l e m s an d m e th o d s and p r o b a b le v a lu e of r e s u l t s . M a y s e r v e a s an e x p e r t in a n a r r o w s p e c ia l t y (e . g . , c l a s s of c h e m i c a l c o m p o u n d s , o r a c l a s s of p r o d u c t s ) , m a k in g r e c o m m e n d a t io n s and c o n c l u s io n s which s e r v e a s the b a s i s f o r u n d e r ta k in g o r r e j e c t in g im p o r ta n t p r o j e c t s . D e v e lo p m e n t of the k n o w ledge and e x p e r t i s e r e q u i r e d fo r th i s l e v e l o f w o rk u s u a l l y r e f l e c t s p r o g r e s s i v e e x p e r ie n c e th ro u gh c h e m i s t IV.

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . S u p e r v i s i o n and gu id a n ce r e l a t e s l a r g e l y to o v e r a l l o b je c t i v e s , c r i t i c a l i s s u e s , new c o n c e p t s , and p o l ic y m a t t e r s . C o n s u l t s with s u p e r v i s o r c o n c e r n in g u n u su a l p r o b l e m s and d e v e lo p m e n t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . (One o r both of the fo l lo w in g . )

(1) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y p la n s , o r g a n i z e s , and d i r e c t s a s s i g n e d l a b o r a t o r y p r o g r a m s . Indepen den tly d e f in e s s c o p e an d c r i t i c a l e l e m e n t s of the p r o j e c t s and s e l e c t s a p p r o a c h e s to be ta k e n . A s u b s t a n t i a l p o r t io n of the w o rk s u p e r v i s e d i s c o m p a r a b l e to that d e s c r i b e d fo r c h e m i s t IV.

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r w o r k e r , c a r r i e s out p r o j e c t s r e q u i r i n g d e v e l o p m e n t of new o r h igh ly m o d i f i e d s c i e n t i f i c t e c h n iq u e s and p r o c e d u r e s , e x t e n s i v e k n o w led g e of h i s s p e c i a l t y , and k n o w led ge of r e l a t e d s c ie n t i f i c f i e l d s .


61

C H E M IST -—C ontinue d

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t io n of o t h e r s . S u p e r v i s e s , c o o r d i n a t e s , and r e v i e w s the w o rk of a s m a l l s t a f f of c h e m i s t s and t e c h n i c i a n s e n g a g e d in v a r i e d r e s e a r c h and d e v e lo p m e n t p r o j e c t s , o r a l a r g e r g ro u p p e r f o r m in g rou t in e a n a ly t i c a l w o rk . E s t i m a t e s m a n p o w e r n e e d s and s c h e d u le s and a s s i g n s w o rk to m e e t c o m p le t io n d a te . O r , a s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r w o r k e r , m a y be a s s i s t e d on p r o j e c t s by o th e r c h e m i s t s o r t e c h n ic i a n s .

C h e m is t VI

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . P e r f o r m s w o rk r e q u i r i n g l e a d e r s h i p and e x p e r t k n o w led g e in a s p e c i a l i z e d f i e ld , p r o d u c t , o r p r o c e s s . F o r m u l a t e s and co n d u c ts a s y s t e m a t i c a t t a c k on a p r o b le m a r e a of c o n s i d e r a b l e s c o p e and c o m p le x i t y w hich m u s t be a p p r o a c h e d th ro u gh a s e r i e s of c o m p le te and c o n c e p tu a l ly r e l a t e d s t u d i e s , o r a n u m b e r of p r o j e c t s of l e s s e r s c o p e . T he p r o b l e m s a r e c o m p l e x b e c a u s e they a r e d i f f ic u lt to d e fin e and r e q u i r e u n co n v en tio n a l o r n o v e l a p p r o a c h e s o r h av e o th e r d i f f i c u lt f e a t u r e s . M a in t a in s l i a i s o n with in d iv id u a ls and u n it s within and o u t s id e h i s o r g a n iz a t i o n with r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r a c t in g i n d epe n den tly on t e c h n ic a l m a t t e r s p e r ta in in g to h i s f i e ld . W ork at th i s l e v e l u s u a l l y r e q u i r e s e x t e n s i v e p r o g r e s s i v e e x p e r ie n c e in c lu d in g w o rk c o m p a r a b l e to c h e m i s t V.

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . S u p e r v i s i o n r e c e i v e d i s e s s e n t i a l l y a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , with a s s i g n m e n t s g iv en in t e r m s of b r o a d g e n e r a l o b je c t i v e s and l i m i t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . (One o r both of the fo l lo w in g .)

(1) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y (a) p l a n s , d e v e l o p s , c o o r d i n a t e s , and d i r e c t s a n u m b e r of l a r g e and im p o r ta n t p r o j e c t s o r a p r o je c t of m a j o r s c o p e and i m p o r t a n c e , or (b) i s r e s p o n s i b l e fo r the e n t i r e c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m of a c o m p a n y , when the p r o g r a m i s of l im i te d c o m p le x i t y and s c o p e . A c t i v i t i e s u n d e r h i s l e a d e r s h i p a r e of a s c o p e that they r e q u i r e a few (3 to 5) su b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s o r t e a m l e a d e r s with a t l e a s t one in a p o s i t io n c o m p a r a b l e to l e v e l V.

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r w o r k e r d e t e r m i n e s , c o n c e i v e s , p l a n s , and c o n d u c ts p r o j e c t s of m a j o r im p o r t a n c e to the c o m p a n y . A p p l i e s a high d e g r e e of o r i g in a l i t y and in gen u ity in ad a p t in g , ex ten d in g , and s y n th e s iz in g e x i s t in g th e o r y , p r i n c i p l e s , and t e c h n iq u e s into o r i g in a l c o m b in a t io n s and c o n f i g u r a t i o n s . M ay s e r v e a s a c o n su l ta n t to o th er c h e m i s t s in h i s s p e c ia l t y .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r the d i r e c t io n of o t h e r s . P l a n s , o r g a n i z e s , and s u p e r v i s e s the w o rk of a s t a f f of c h e m i s t s and t e c h n i c i a n s . E v a l u a t e s p r o g r e s s o f the s t a f f and r e s u l t s o b ta in e d , and r e c o m m e n d s m a j o r c h a n g e s to a c h ie v e o v e r a l l o b je c t i v e s . O r , a s in d iv id u a l w o r k e r o r r e s e a r c h e r m a y be a s s i s t e d on in d iv id u a l p r o j e c t s by o th e r c h e m i s t s o r t e c h n i c i a n s .

C h e m is t VII

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . M a k e s d e c i s i o n s and r e c o m m e n d a t io n s that a r e r e c o g n i z e d a s a u th o r i t a t iv e and hav e an im p o r ta n t im p a c t on e x te n s iv e c h e m i c a l a c t i v i t i e s . I n i t i a t e s and m a in t a in s e x te n s iv e c o n t a c t s with key c h e m i s t s and o f f i c i a l s of o th e r o r g a n iz a t i o n s and c o m p a n i e s , r e q u ir i n g s k i l l in p e r s u a s i o n and n e g o t ia t io n of c r i t i c a l i s s u e s . A t th i s l e v e l in d iv i d u a l s w ill hav e d e m o n s t r a t e d c r e a t i v i t y , f o r e s i g h t , and m a t u r e ju d g m e n t in a n t ic ip a t in g and so lv in g u n p r e c e d e n te d c h e m i c a l p r o b l e m s , d e te r m in in g p r o g r a m o b je c t i v e s and r e q u i r e m e n t s , o r g a n iz in g p r o g r a m s an d p r o j e c t s , and d e v e lo p in g s t a n d a r d s and g u id e s fo r d i v e r s e c h e m i c a l a c t i v i t i e s .

D ir e c t io n r e c e i v e d . R e c e i v e s g e n e r a l a d m i n i s t r a t i v e d i r e c t io n .

T y p ic a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . (One o r both of the fo l lo w in g . )

( l ) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y i s r e s p o n s i b l e fo r (a) an im p o r ta n t s e g m e n t of a c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m of a c o m p a n y with e x t e n s iv e and d i v e r s i f i e d s c ie n t i f i c r e q u i r e m e n t s , o r (b) the e n t i re c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m of a c o m p a n y w h e re the p r o g r a m i s m o r e l im i t e d in s c o p e . The o v e r a l l c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m c o n ta in s c r i t i c a l p r o b l e m s the so lu t io n of which r e q u i r e s m a j o r t e c h n o lo g ic a l a d v a n c e s and o p e n s the way fo r e x te n s iv e r e l a t e d d e v e lo p m e n t . M a k e s a u th o r i t a t iv e t e c h n ic a l r e c o m m e n d a t io n s c o n c e r n in g the s c ie n t i f i c


62

C H E M IS T — C on tinued

o b je c t i v e s an d l e v e l s of w o r k w hich w i l l be m o s t p r o f i t a b l e in the l igh t o f c o m p a n y r e q u i r e m e n t s and s c i e n t i f i c an d in d u s t r i a l t r e n d s and d e v e l o p m e n t s . R e c o m m e n d s f a c i l i t i e s , p e r s o n n e l , and funds r e q u i r e d .

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r and c o n su l ta n t s e l e c t s p r o b l e m s f o r r e s e a r c h to fu r th e r the c o m p a n y ' s o b je c t i v e s . C o n c e i v e s and p la n s i n v e s t i g a t io n s in w h ich the p h e n o m e n a an d p r i n c i p l e s a r e not a d e q u a te ly u n d e r s to o d , an d w h e r e few o r c o n t r a d ic to r y s c i e n t i f i c p r e c e d e n t s o r r e s u l t s a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r r e f e r e n c e . O u ts tan d in g c r e a t iv i ty an d m a t u r e ju d g m e n t a r e r e q u i r e d to d e v i s e h y p o th e s e s and t e c h n iq u e s o f e x p e r i m e n ta t io n and to i n t e r p r e t r e s u l t s . A s a l e a d e r an d a u th o r ity in h i s c o m p a n y , in a b r o a d a r e a o f s p e c i a l i z a t i o n , o r in a n a r r o w but in te n s e ly s p e c i a l i z e d one, a d v i s e s the h e a d o f a l a r g e l a b o r a t o r y o r c o m p a n y o f f i c i a l s on c o m p l e x a s p e c t s o f e x t r e m e l y b r o a d an d im p o r ta n t p r o g r a m s . H a s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r e x p lo r in g , e v a lu a t in g , and ju s t i fy in g p r o p o s e d and c u r r e n t p r o g r a m s and p r o j e c t s and fu r n i sh in g a d v ic e on u n u s u a l ly c o m p le x and n o v e l p r o b l e m s in the s p e c ia l t y f i e ld . T y p i c a l ly w i l l h av e c o n tr ib u te d in n o v a t io n s ( e . g . , t e c h n iq u e s , p r o d u c t s , p r o c e d u r e s ) which a r e r e g a r d e d a s s ig n i f i c a n t a d v a n c e s in the f i e ld .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n o f o t h e r s . D i r e c t s s e v e r a l s u b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s o r t e a m l e a d e r s , s o m e o f w hom a r e in p o s i t io n s c o m p a r a b l e to c h e m i s t VI; o r , a s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r and c o n su l ta n t , m a y be a s s i s t e d on in d iv id u a l p r o j e c t s by o th e r c h e m i s t s and t e c h n i c i a n s .

C h e m is t VIII

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . M a k e s d e c i s i o n s an d r e c o m m e n d a t io n s th at a r e a u th o r i t a t iv e an d h av e a f a r - r e a c h i n g im p a c t on e x te n s iv e c h e m i c a l an d r e l a t e d a c t i v i t i e s o f the c o m p a n y . N e g o t i a t e s c r i t i c a l an d c o n t r o v e r s i a l i s s u e s with top l e v e l c h e m i s t s an d o f f i c e r s o f o th er o r g a n i z a t i o n s an d c o m p a n ie s . In d iv id u a l s a t th i s l e v e l h a v e d e m o n s t r a t e d a h igh d e g r e e of c r e a t i v i t y , f o r e s i g h t , and m a t u r e ju d g m e n t in p lan n in g , o r g a n iz in g , an d gu id ing e x t e n s iv e c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m s and a c t i v i t i e s o f o u ts t a n d in g n o v e lty and i m p o r t a n c e .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . R e c e i v e s g e n e r a l a d m i n i s t r a t i v e d i r e c t io n .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . (One o r both o f the fo l lo w in g .)

(1) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r (a) the e n t i r e c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m of a c o m p a n y w hich i s o f m o d e r a t e s c o p e , o r (b) an im p o r ta n t s e g m e n t o f a c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m o f a c o m p a n y w ith v e r y e x te n s iv e and h igh ly d i v e r s i f i e d s c i e n t i f i c r e q u i r e m e n t s , w h e r e p r o g r a m s a r e o f su ch c o m p le x i t y and s c o p e that they a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e to o v e r a l l o p e r a t io n s and in c lu d e p r o b l e m s o f e x t r a o r d i n a r y d i f f i c u lty that h ave r e s i s t e d so lu t io n . D e c id e s the kind and ex ten t o f c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m s n e e d e d to a c c o m p l i s h the o b je c t i v e s of the c o m p a n y , fo r ch o o s in g the s c i e n t i f i c a p p r o a c h e s , f o r p lann ing and o r g a n iz in g f a c i l i t i e s and p r o g r a m s , and f o r in te r p r e t in g r e s u l t s .

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r and c o n su l ta n t f o r m u l a t e s and g u id e s the a t t a c k on p r o b l e m s o f e x c e p t io n a l d if f ic u lty and m a r k e d im p o r t a n c e to the c o m p a n y a n d / o r in d u s t r y . P r o b l e m s a r e c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the l a c k o f s c i e n t i f i c p r e c e d e n t s and s o u r c e m a t e r i a l s , o r the l a c k o f s u c c e s s o f p r i o r r e s e a r c h and a n a l y s i s so th at th e i r so lu t io n w ould r e p r e s e n t an a d v a n c e o f g r e a t s i g n i f i c a n c e and i m p o r t a n c e . P e r f o r m s a d v i s o r y an d c o n su l t in g w o r k f o r the c o m p a n y a s a r e c o g n i z e d a u th o r ity f o r b r o a d p r o g r a m a r e a s o f c o n s i d e r a b l e no ve lty and i m p o r t a n c e . H a s m a d e c o n tr ib u t io n s su ch a s new p r o d u c t s o r t e c h n iq u e s , d e v e lo p m e n t o f p r o c e s s e s , e tc . , w hich a r e r e g a r d e d a s m a j o r a d v a n c e s in the f i e ld .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r the d i r e c t io n of o t h e r s . S u p e r v i s e s s e v e r a l s u b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s o r t e a m l e a d e r s s o m e o f w h o se p o s i t io n s a r e c o m p a r a b l e to c h e m i s t VII o r in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r s s o m e o f w h o se p o s i t io n s a r e c o m p a r a b l e to c h e m i s t VII an d s o m e t i m e s c h e m i s t VIII. A s an in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r and c o n su l ta n t m a y be a s s i s t e d on in d iv id u a l p r o j e c t s by o th e r c h e m i s t s o r t e c h n i c i a n s .


6 3

C H E M IS T ——Con tinued

N O T E : In d iv id u a l s in c h a r g e o f a c o m p a n y ' s c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m m a y m a tc h any o fs e v e r a l o f the s u r v e y jo b l e v e l s , d epen din g on the s i z e and c o m p le x i t y o f c h e m i c a l p r o g r a m s . E x c lu d e d f r o m l e v e l VIH a r e c h e m i s t s in c h a r g e o f p r o g r a m s so e x te n s iv e and c o m p l e x ( e . g . , c o n s i s t in g o f h igh ly d i v e r s i f i e d o r u n u su a l ly n o v e l p r o d u c t s an d p r o c e d u r e s ) th at one o r m o r e su b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r y c h e m i s t s a r e p e r f o r m in g a t l e v e l VIII. A l s o e x c lu d e d f r o m l e v e l VIII a r e in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r s an d c o n s u l t a n t s who a r e r e c o g n i z e d a s n a t io n a l a n d /o r in te r n a t io n a l a u t h o r i t i e s an d s c i e n t i f i c l e a d e r s in v e r y b r o a d a r e a s o f s c ie n t i f i c i n t e r e s t an d in v e s t i g a t io n .

E N G I N E E R

P e r f o r m s p r o f e s s i o n a l w o rk in r e s e a r c h , d e v e lo p m e n t , d e s ig n , t e s t i n g , a n a l y s i s , p ro d u c t io n , c o n s t r u c t io n , m a in te n a n c e , o p e r a t io n , p la n n in g , s u r v e y , e s t i m a t in g , a p p l ic a t io n , o r s t a n d a r d i z a t io n o f e n g in e e r in g f a c i l i t i e s , s y s t e m s , s t r u c t u r e s , p r o c e s s e s , eq u ip m e n t d e v i c e s , o r m a t e r i a l s r e q u ir i n g k n o w led ge o f the s c i e n c e an d a r t b y w hich m a t e r i a l s , n a t u r a l r e s o u r c e s , and p o w e r a r e m a d e u s e f u l . W ork t y p ic a l ly r e q u i r e s a B . S. d e g r e e in e n g i n e e r in g o r the e q u iv a le n t in c o m b in e d e d u ca t io n an d e x p e r i e n c e . ( E x c lu d e d a r e : S a fe ty e n g i n e e r s , in d u s t r i a l e n g i n e e r s , q u a l i ty c o n tr o l e n g i n e e r s , s a l e s e n g i n e e r s , and e n g i n e e r s w h o se p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s to be in c h a r g e o f n o n p r o f e s s io n a l m a in te n a n c e w o r k . )

E n g i n e e r I

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . T h i s i s the e n try l e v e l o f p r o f e s s i o n a l w o r k r e q u ir in g a b a c h e l o r * s d e g r e e in e n g in e e r in g an d no e x p e r i e n c e , o r the e q u iv a le n t (to a d e g r e e ) in a p p r o p r i a t e e d u c a t io n and e x p e r ie n c e . P e r f o r m s a s s i g n m e n t s d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p p r o f e s s i o n a l w o r k k n o w le d g e s and a b i l i t i e s . M ay a l s o r e c e i v e f o r m a l c l a s s r o o m o r s e m i n a r type t r a in in g . ( T e r m i n a l p o s i t io n s a r e e x c lu d e d . )

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . W ork s u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n . R e c e i v e s s p e c i f i c an d d e ta i le d in s t r u c t io n s a s to r e q u i r e d t a s k s and r e s u l t s e x p e c te d . W ork i s c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s , an d i s r e v ie w e d fo r a c c u r a c y upon c o m p le t io n .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f ro u t in e t a s k s that a r e p la n n ed to p r o v id e e x p e r ie n c e an d f a m i l i a r i z a t i o n w ith the e n g in e e r in g s t a f f , m e th o d s , p r a c t i c e s , and p r o g r a m s o f the c o m p a n y .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n of o t h e r s . U s u a l l y none.

E n g in e e r II

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . At th is continu ing d e v e lo p m e n ta l l e v e l , p e r f o r m s rou tin e e n g in e e r in g w o r k r e q u ir in g a p p l i c a t io n o f s t a n d a r d te c h n iq u e s , p r o c e d u r e s , an d c r i t e r i a in c a r r y i n g out a s e q u e n c e o f r e l a t e d e n g in e e r in g t a s k s . L i m i t e d e x e r c i s e o f ju d g m e n t i s r e q u i r e d on d e t a i l s o f w o r k and in m a k in g p r e l i m i n a r y s e l e c t i o n s an d a d a p ta t io n s o f e n g i n e e r in g a l t e r n a t i v e s . R e q u i r e s w o r k e x p e r ie n c e a c q u i r e d in an e n try l e v e l p o s i t io n , o r a p p r o p r i a t e g r a d u a t e l e v e l s tu d y . F o r t r a in in g and d e v e lo p m e n ta l p u r p o s e s , a s s i g n m e n t s m a y in c lu d e s o m e w o r k that i s t y p ic a l o f a h ig h e r l e v e l . ( T e r m i n a l p o s i t io n s a r e e x c lu d e d . )

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . S u p e r v i s o r s c r e e n s a s s i g n m e n t s fo r u n u su a l o r d i f f ic u lt p r o b l e m s and s e l e c t s t e c h n iq u e s and p r o c e d u r e s to b e a p p l i e d on no n routin e w o rk . R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n on new a s p e c t s o f a s s i g n m e n t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . U s in g p r e s c r i b e d m e th o d s , p e r f o r m s s p e c i f i c and l im i t e d p o r t io n s of a b r o a d e r a s s i g n m e n t o f an e x p e r ie n c e d e n g in e e r . A p p l ie s s t a n d a r d p r a c t i c e s and te c h n iq u e s in s p e c i f i c s i t u a t io n s , a d j u s t s an d c o r r e l a t e s d a ta , r e c o g n i z e s d i s c r e p a n c i e s in r e s u l t s , and fo l lo w s o p e r a t io n s th ro u gh a s e r i e s o f r e l a t e d d e ta i le d s t e p s o r p r o c e s s e s .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n o f o t h e r s . M ay b e a s s i s t e d by a few a i d s o r t e c h n ic i a n s .


64

E N G I N E E R — C on tinued

E n g i n e e r III

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . In depen den tly e v a l u a t e s , s e l e c t s , an d a p p l i e s s t a n d a r d e n g in e e r in g t e c h n iq u e s , p r o c e d u r e s , an d c r i t e r i a , u s in g ju d g m e n t in m a k in g m in o r a d a p t a t io n s and m o d i f i c a t io n s . A s s i g n m e n t s h av e c l e a r and s p e c i f i e d o b je c t i v e s an d r e q u i r e the in v e s t i g a t io n o f a l im i t e d n u m b e r o f v a r i a b l e s . P e r f o r m a n c e a t th i s l e v e l r e q u i r e s d e v e l o p m e n ta l e x p e r ie n c e in a p r o f e s s i o n a l p o s i t io n , o r e q u iv a le n t g r a d u a t e l e v e l e d u c a t io n .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . R e c e i v e s in s t r u c t io n s on s p e c i f i c a s s i g n m e n t o b je c t i v e s , c o m p le x f e a t u r e s , and p o s s i b l e s o lu t io n s . A s s i s t a n c e i s fu r n i s h e d on u n u su a l p r o b l e m s and w o r k i s r e v ie w e d fo r a p p l i c a t io n o f soun d p r o f e s s i o n a l ju d g m e n t .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . P e r f o r m s w o r k w hich in v o lv e s c o n v en tio n a l t y p e s o f p l a n s , i n v e s t i g a t io n s , s u r v e y s , s t r u c t u r e s , o r eq u ip m e n t with r e l a t i v e l y few c o m p le x f e a t u r e s fo r w hich th e r e a r e p r e c e d e n t s . A s s i g n m e n t s u s u a l l y in c lu d e one o r m o r e of the fo l lo w in g : E q u ip m e n t d e s ig n and d e v e lo p m e n t , t e s t o f m a t e r i a l s , p r e p a r a t i o n o f s p e c i f i c a t io n s , p r o c e s s s tu d y , r e s e a r c h in v e s t i g a t i o n s , r e p o r t p r e p a r a t i o n , and o th e r a c t i v i t i e s o f l im i t e d s c o p e r e q u ir in g k n o w ledge o f p r i n c i p l e s an d t e c h n iq u e s c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d in the s p e c i f i c n a r r o w a r e a o f a s s i g n m e n t s .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t io n of o t h e r s . M a y s u p e r v i s e o r c o o r d in a te the w orko f d r a f t s m e n , t e c h n i c i a n s , an d o t h e r s who a s s i s t in s p e c i f i c a s s i g n m e n t s .

E n g i n e e r IV

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A s a fu l ly c o m p e te n t e n g in e e r in a l l c o n v en tio n a l a s p e c t s o f the s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o r the fu n c t io n a l a r e a of the a s s i g n m e n t s , p la n s an d c o n d u c ts w o rk r e q u ir in g ju d g m e n t in the in depen den t e v a lu a t io n , s e l e c t io n , and s u b s t a n t i a l a d a p ta t io n and m o d i f i c a t io n of s t a n d a r d te c h n iq u e s , p r o c e d u r e s , and c r i t e r i a . D e v i s e s new a p p r o a c h e s to p r o b l e m s e n c o u n te re d . R e q u i r e s s u f f i c ie n t p r o f e s s i o n a l e x p e r ie n c e to a s s u r e c o m p e t e n c e a s a fu l ly t r a i n e d w o r k e r ; o r , fo r p o s i t io n s p r i m a r i l y o f a r e s e a r c h n a t u r e , c o m p le t io n of a l l r e q u i r e m e n t s fo r a d o c t o r a l d e g r e e m a y b e s u b s t i tu te d f o r e x p e r i e n c e .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . In d epen d en tly p e r f o r m s m o s t a s s i g n m e n t s with in s t r u c t io n s a sto the g e n e r a l r e s u l t s e x p e c te d . R e c e i v e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n ce on u n u su a l o r c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s and s u p e r v i s o r y a p p r o v a l on p r o p o s e d p la n s f o r p r o j e c t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . P l a n s , s c h e d u l e s , c o n d u c t s , o r c o o r d i n a t e s d e ta i le d p h a s e s o f the e n g in e e r in g w o r k in a p a r t o f a m a j o r p r o j e c t o r in a to t a l p r o j e c t o f m o d e r a t e s c o p e . P e r f o r m s w o r k w hich in v o lv e s c o n v e n t io n a l e n g in e e r in g p r a c t i c e but m a y in c lu d e a v a r i e t y o f c o m p l e x f e a t u r e s su ch a s co n f l ic t in g d e s ig n r e q u i r e m e n t s , u n s u i t a b i l i ty o f s t a n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , and d if f i c u lt c o o r d in a t io n r e q u i r e m e n t s . W ork r e q u i r e s a b r o a d k n o w led ge o f p r e c e d e n t s in the s p e c ia l t y a r e a an d a good k n o w led ge o f p r i n c i p l e s and p r a c t i c e s o f r e l a t e d s p e c i a l t i e s .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n o f o t h e r s . M ay s u p e r v i s e a few e n g i n e e r s o r t e c h n i c i a n s on a s s i g n e d w o rk .

E n g i n e e r V

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A p p l ie s in te n s iv e and d i v e r s i f i e d k n o w led ge of e n g in e e r in g p r i n c i p l e s and p r a c t i c e s in b r o a d a r e a s o f a s s i g n m e n t s an d r e l a t e d f i e l d s . M a k e s d e c i s i o n s in d ep en d en tly on e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s and m e t h o d s , and r e p r e s e n t s the o r g a n iz a t i o n in c o n f e r e n c e s to r e s o l v e im p o r t a n t q u e s t io n s and to p la n and c o o r d in a te w o r k . R e q u i r e s the u s e o f a d v a n c e d te c h n iq u e s an d the m o d i f i c a t io n an d e x te n s io n o f t h e o r i e s , p r e c e p t s an d p r a c t i c e s o f h i s f i e ld and r e l a t e d s c i e n c e s and d i s c i p l i n e s . T h e k n o w led ge and e x p e r t i s e r e q u i r e d fo r th i s l e v e l o f w o r k u s u a l l y r e s u l t s f r o m p r o g r e s s i v e e x p e r i e n c e , in c lu d in g w o rk c o m p a r a b l e to e n g in e e r IV .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . S u p e r v i s i o n and gu id a n ce r e l a t e s l a r g e l y to o v e r a l l o b je c t i v e s , c r i t i c a l i s s u e s , new c o n c e p t s , and p o l ic y m a t t e r s . C o n s u l t s w ith s u p e r v i s o r co n c e rn in g u n u su a l p r o b l e m s and d e v e lo p m e n t s .


65

E N G I N E E R — Con tinued

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . (One o r m o r e o f the fo l lo w in g .)

(1) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y p la n s , d e v e l o p s , c o o r d i n a t e s , and d i r e c t s a l a r g e an d im p o r ta n t e n g in e e r in g p r o j e c t o r a n u m b e r o f s m a l l p r o j e c t s with m a n y c o m p le x f e a t u r e s . A s u b s t a n t ia l p o r t io n o f the w o r k s u p e r v i s e d i s c o m p a r a b l e to that d e s c r i b e d f o r e n g in e e r IV .

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r w o r k e r c a r r i e s out c o m p l e x o r no ve l a s s i g n m e n t s r e q u ir in g the d e v e lo p m e n t o f new o r im p r o v e d t e c h n iq u e s and p r o c e d u r e s . W ork i s e x p e c t e d to r e s u l t in the d e v e lo p m e n t o f new o r r e f in e d e q u ip m e n t , m a t e r i a l s , p r o c e s s e s , p r o d u c t s , a n d / o r s c i e n t i f i c m e th o d s .

(3) A s s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t d e v e lo p s and e v a lu a t e s p l a n s an d c r i t e r i a f o r a v a r i e t y of p r o j e c t s an d a c t i v i t i e s to b e c a r r i e d out by o t h e r s . A s s e s s e s the f e a s i b i l i t y and so u n d n e s s of p r o p o s e d e n g in e e r in g e v a lu a t io n t e s t s , p r o d u c t s , o r e q u ip m e n t when n e c e s s a r y d a ta a r e in s u f f ic ie n t o r c o n f i r m a t io n by t e s t in g i s a d v i s a b l e . U s u a l ly p e r f o r m s a s a s t a f f a d v i s o r and c o n su l ta n t a s to a t e c h n ic a l s p e c ia l t y , a type o f f a c i l i t y o r eq u ip m en t , o r a p r o g r a m function .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t io n of o t h e r s . S u p e r v i s e s , c o o r d i n a t e s , and r e v ie w s the w o r k o f a s m a l l s t a f f o f e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s ; e s t i m a t e s m a n p o w e r n e e d s and s c h e d u l e s and a s s i g n s w o rk to m e e t c o m p le t io n d a te . O r , a s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t m a y be a s s i s t e d on p r o j e c t s by o th e r e n g i n e e r s o r t e c h n i c i a n s .

E n g in e e r VI

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . H a s fu ll t e c h n ic a l r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r in t e r p r e t in g , o r g a n i z in g , e x e c u t in g , and c o o r d in a t in g a s s i g n m e n t s . P l a n s an d d e v e lo p s e n g in e e r in g p r o j e c t s c o n c e r n e d with un ique o r c o n t r o v e r s i a l p r o b l e m s w hich h av e an im p o r t a n t e f f e c t on m a j o r c o m pan y p r o g r a m s . T h i s in v o lv e s e x p lo r a t io n o f s u b je c t a r e a , d e f in it io n o f s c o p e and s e l e c t io n o f p r o b l e m s f o r in v e s t i g a t io n , an d d e v e lo p m e n t o f n o v e l c o n c e p t s and a p p r o a c h e s . M a in ta in s l i a i s o n with in d iv id u a ls and u n it s w ithin o r o u t s id e h i s o r g a n iz a t i o n with r e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r a c t in g in depen d en tly on t e c h n ic a l m a t t e r s p e r t a in in g to h i s f i e ld . W ork a t th i s l e v e l u s u a l ly r e q u i r e s e x te n s iv e p r o g r e s s i v e e x p e r ie n c e in c lu d in g w o rk c o m p a r a b l e to e n g in e e r V.

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . S u p e r v i s i o n r e c e i v e d i s e s s e n t i a l l y a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , with a s s i g n m e n t s g iv en in t e r m s o f b r o a d g e n e r a l o b je c t i v e s and l i m i t s .

T y p i c a l d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s . (One o r m o r e o f the fo l lo w in g .)

(1) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y (a) p l a n s , d e v e l o p s , c o o r d i n a t e s , an d d i r e c t s a n u m b e r o f l a r g e and im p o r ta n t p r o j e c t s o r a p r o j e c t o f m a j o r s c o p e and i m p o r t a n c e , o r (b) i s r e s p o n s i b l e fo r the e n t i r e e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m o f a c o m p a n y w hen the p r o g r a m i s o f l im i t e d c o m p le x i t y and s c o p e . T he ex tent o f h i s r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s g e n e r a l l y r e q u i r e a few (3 to 5) su b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s o r t e a m l e a d e r s w ith at l e a s t one in a p o s i t io n c o m p a r a b l e to l e v e l V.

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r w o r k e r c o n c e i v e s , p l a n s , and co n d u c ts r e s e a r c h in p r o b l e m a r e a s o f c o n s i d e r a b l e s c o p e an d c o m p le x i t y . T he p r o b l e m s m u s t be a p p r o a c h e d th ro u gh a s e r i e s o f c o m p le te and c o n c e p tu a l ly r e l a t e d s t u d i e s , a r e d if f ic u lt to d e f in e , r e q u ir e u n co n v en tio n a l o r n o v e l a p p r o a c h e s ; and r e q u i r e s o p h i s t i c a t e d r e s e a r c h t e c h n iq u e s . A v a i la b le g u id e s and p r e c e d e n t s co n ta in c r i t i c a l g a p s , a r e on ly p a r t i a l l y r e l a t e d to the p r o b l e m , o r m a y b e l a r g e l y l a c k in g due to the n o v e l c h a r a c t e r o f the p r o j e c t . At th is l e v e l , the in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r g e n e r a l l y w i l l h av e c o n tr ib u te d in v e n t io n s , new d e s i g n s , o r t e c h n iq u e s w hich a r e of m a t e r i a l s ig n i f i c a n c e in the so lu t io n of im p o r ta n t p r o b l e m s .

(3) A s a s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t s e r v e s a s the t e c h n ic a l s p e c i a l i s t f o r the o r g a n iz a t i o n (d iv i s io n o r com pan y) in the a p p l i c a t io n o f a d v a n c e d t h e o r i e s , c o n c e p t s , p r i n c i p l e s , and p r o c e s s e s fo r an a s s i g n e d a r e a o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ( i . e . , s u b je c t m a t t e r , function , type o f f a c i l i t y o r eq u ip m e n t , o r p r o d u c t ) . K e e p s a b r e a s t of new s c ie n t i f i c m e th o d s and d e v e lo p m e n t s a f fe c t in g h i s o r g a n iz a t i o n f o r the p u r p o s e o f r e c o m m e n d in g c h a n g e s in e m p h a s i s o f p r o g r a m s o r new p r o g r a m s w a r r a n t e d by su ch d e v e lo p m e n t s .


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R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n of o t h e r s . P l a n s , o r g a n i z e s , an d s u p e r v i s e s the w o rk o f a s t a f f o f e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s . E v a l u a t e s p r o g r e s s o f the s t a f f and r e s u l t s o b ta in e d , an d r e c o m m e n d s m a j o r c h a n g e s to a c h ie v e o v e r a l l o b je c t i v e s . O r , a s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r o r s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t m a y be a s s i s t e d on in d iv id u a l p r o j e c t s by o th e r e n g i n e e r s o r t e c h n i c i a n s .

E n g i n e e r VII

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . M a k e s d e c i s i o n s an d r e c o m m e n d a t io n s th at a r e r e c o g n iz e d a s a u th o r i t a t iv e and h a v e an im p o r t a n t im p a c t on e x t e n s i v e e n g in e e r in g a c t i v i t i e s . In i t i a t e s and m a in t a in s e x te n s iv e c o n ta c t s with k e y e n g i n e e r s and o f f i c i a l s o f o th e r o r g a n iz a t i o n s and c o m p a n i e s , r e q u ir in g s k i l l in p e r s u a s i o n and n e g o t ia t io n of c r i t i c a l i s s u e s . At th is le v e l in d iv id u a l s w i l l h av e d e m o n s t r a t e d c r e a t i v i t y , f o r e s i g h t , and m a t u r e e n g in e e r in g ju d g m e n t in a n t ic ip a t in g an d so lv in g u n p r e c e d e n te d e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s , d e te r m in in g p r o g r a m o b j e c t i v e s an d r e q u i r e m e n t s , o r g a n iz in g p r o g r a m s and p r o j e c t s , an d d e v e lo p in g s t a n d a r d s and g u id e s f o r d i v e r s e e n g in e e r in g a c t i v i t i e s .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . R e c e i v e s g e n e r a l a d m i n i s t r a t i v e d i r e c t io n .


(1) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y i s r e s p o n s i b l e fo r (a) an im p o r t a n t s e g m e n t o f the e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m o f a c o m p a n y with e x t e n s i v e and d i v e r s i f i e d e n g in e e r in g r e q u i r e m e n t s , o r (b) the e n t i r e e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m o f a c o m p a n y when it i s m o r e l im i t e d in s c o p e . T he o v e r a l l e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m c o n ta in s c r i t i c a l p r o b l e m s the so lu t io n of which r e q u i r e s m a j o r t e c h n o lo g ic a l a d v a n c e s and o p e n s the w ay f o r e x t e n s i v e r e l a t e d d e v e lo p m e n t . T h e ex ten t o f h i s r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s g e n e r a l l y r e q u i r e s e v e r a l su b o r d in a te o r g a n i z a t io n a l s e g m e n t s o r t e a m s . R e c o m m e n d s f a c i l i t i e s , p e r s o n n e l , an d fu n ds r e q u i r e d to c a r r y out p r o g r a m s w hich a r e d i r e c t l y r e l a t e d with and d i r e c t e d to w a r d fu l f i l lm e n t of o v e r a l l c o m p a n y o b je c t i v e s .

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r and c o n su l ta n t i s a r e c o g n i z e d l e a d e r an d a u th o r ity in h i s c o m p a n y in a b r o a d a r e a o f s p e c i a l i z a t i o n o r in a n a r r o w but in te n s e ly s p e c i a l i z e d f i e ld . S e l e c t s r e s e a r c h p r o b l e m s to fu r th e r the c o m p a n y ' s o b je c t i v e s . C o n c e i v e s and p la n s in v e s t i g a t io n s o f b r o a d a r e a s of c o n s i d e r a b l e n o v e lty and im p o r t a n c e f o r which e n g in e e r in g p r e c e d e n t s a r e l a c k in g in a r e a s c r i t i c a l to the o v e r a l l e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m . I s c o n s u l t e d e x t e n s iv e ly by a s s o c i a t e s and o t h e r s with a h igh d e g r e e o f r e l i a n c e p la c e d on h i s s c i e n t i f i c in t e r p r e t a t i o n s and a d v i c e . T y p i c a l ly , w il l h av e c o n tr ib u te d in v e n t io n s , new d e s i g n s , o r te c h n iq u e s w hich a r e r e g a r d e d a s m a j o r a d v a n c e s in the f i e ld .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r the d i r e c t i o n o f o t h e r s . D i r e c t s s e v e r a l s u b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s o r t e a m l e a d e r s , s o m e o f w hom a r e in p o s i t io n s c o m p a r a b l e to e n g in e e r VI; o r , a s in d i v id u a l r e s e a r c h e r and c o n su l ta n t , m a y be a s s i s t e d on in d iv id u a l p r o j e c t s by o th e r e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s .

E n g i n e e r VIII

G e n e r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . M a k e s d e c i s i o n s and r e c o m m e n d a t io n s that a r e r e c o g n i z e d a s a u th o r i t a t iv e and h av e a f a r - r e a c h i n g im p a c t on e x te n s iv e e n g in e e r in g and r e l a t e d a c t i v i t i e s o f the c o m p a n y . N e g o t i a t e s c r i t i c a l and c o n t r o v e r s i a l i s s u e s with top l e v e l e n g i n e e r s and o f f i c e r s o f o th e r o r g a n iz a t i o n s an d c o m p a n i e s . In d iv id u a l s a t th i s l e v e l d e m o n s t r a t e a h igh d e g r e e o f c r e a t i v i t y , f o r e s i g h t , and m a t u r e ju d g m e n t in p lan n in g , o r g a n iz in g , an d gu id ing e x t e n s i v e e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m s and a c t i v i t i e s of o u ts tan d in g n o v e lty an d i m p o r t a n c e .

D i r e c t io n r e c e i v e d . R e c e i v e s g e n e r a l a d m i n i s t r a t i v e d i r e c t i o n .


( l ) In a s u p e r v i s o r y c a p a c i t y i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r (a) an im p o r t a n t s e g m e n t o f a v e r y e x t e n s i v e and h igh ly d i v e r s i f i e d e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m o f a c o m p a n y , o r (b) the e n t i re e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m o f a c o m p a n y when the p r o g r a m i s o f m o d e r a t e s c o p e . T he p r o g r a m s a r e o f su ch c o m p le x i t y and s c o p e th at they a r e o f c r i t i c a l i m p o r t a n c e to o v e r a l l o b j e c t i v e s , in c lu d e p r o b l e m s o f e x t r a o r d i n a r y d i f f ic u lty that o ften h av e r e s i s t e d so lu t io n , an d c o n s i s t o f s e v e r a l s e g m e n t s r e q u ir in g su b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s . I s r e s p o n s i b l e fo r


6 7


d e c id in g the kind an d ex ten t o f e n g in e e r in g and r e l a t e d p r o g r a m s n e e d e d to a c c o m p l i s h the o b je c t i v e s o f the c o m p a n y , f o r c h o o s in g the s c i e n t i f i c a p p r o a c h e s , fo r p lann ing and o r g a n iz in g f a c i l i t i e s and p r o g r a m s , and fo r in t e r p r e t in g r e s u l t s .

(2) A s in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r an d c o n su l ta n t f o r m u l a t e s and g u id e s the a t t a c k on p r o b l e m s o f e x c e p t io n a l d i f f i c u l ty and m a r k e d i m p o r t a n c e to the c o m p a n y o r in d u s t r y . P r o b l e m s a r e c h a r a c t e r i z e d by th e i r l a c k o f s c i e n t i f i c p r e c e d e n t s an d s o u r c e m a t e r i a l , o r l a c k o f s u c c e s s o f p r i o r r e s e a r c h and a n a l y s i s s o th at t h e i r so lu t io n w ould r e p r e s e n t an a d v a n c e o f g r e a t s i g n i f i c a n c e and i m p o r t a n c e . P e r f o r m s a d v i s o r y and co n su l t in g w o rk f o r the c o m p a n y a s a r e c o g n i z e d a u th o r ity f o r b r o a d p r o g r a m a r e a s o r in a n in te n se ly s p e c i a l i z e d a r e a o f c o n s i d e r a b l e n o v e l ty and i m p o r t a n c e .

R e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r the d i r e c t i o n o f o t h e r s . S u p e r v i s e s s e v e r a l s u b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r s o r t e a m l e a d e r s s o m e o f w h o se p o s i t io n s a r e c o m p a r a b l e to e n g in e e r VII, o r in d i v id u a l r e s e a r c h e r s s o m e o f w h o se p o s i t io n s a r e c o m p a r a b l e to e n g in e e r VII and s o m e t i m e s e n g in e e r VIII. A s an in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r an d c o n su l ta n t m a y be a s s i s t e d on in d iv id u a l p r o j e c t s by o th e r e n g i n e e r s o r t e c h n i c i a n s .

N O T E : In d iv id u a l s in c h a r g e o f a c o m p a n y 's e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m m a y m a t c h anyo f s e v e r a l o f the s u r v e y jo b l e v e l s depen din g on the s i z e an d c o m p le x i t y o f e n g in e e r in g p r o g r a m s . E x c lu d e d f r o m l e v e l VIII a r e e n g i n e e r s in c h a r g e o f p r o g r a m s so e x t e n s i v e and c o m p l e x (e . g . , c o n s i s t in g o f r e s e a r c h an d d e v e lo p m e n t on a v a r i e t y o f c o m p le x p r o d u c t s o r s y s t e m s with n u m e r o u s n o v e l c o m p o n e n ts ) th at one o r m o r e su b o r d in a te s u p e r v i s o r y e n g i n e e r s a r e p e r f o r m in g a t l e v e l VIII. A l s o e x c lu d e d f r o m l e v e l VIII a r e in d iv id u a l r e s e a r c h e r s and c o n s u l t a n t s who a r e r e c o g n i z e d a s n a t io n a l a n d / o r in te r n a t io n a l a u t h o r i t i e s an d s c ie n t i f i c l e a d e r s in v e r y b r o a d a r e a s o f s c i e n t i f i c i n t e r e s t and in v e s t i g a t io n .

E N G IN E E R IN G T E C H N IC IA N S

E N G IN E E R IN G T E C H N IC IA N

To be c o v e r e d by th e s e d e f in i t io n s , e m p l o y e e s m u s t m e e t a l l o f the fo l low in g c r i t e r i a ;

(1 ) P r o v i d e s s e m i p r o f e s s i o n a l t e c h n ic a l s u p p o r t fo r e n g i n e e r s w o rk in g in su c h a r e a s a s r e s e a r c h , d e s i g n , d e v e lo p m e n t , t e s t in g o r m a n u fa c tu r in g p r o c e s s im p r o v e m e n t .

(2 ) W ork p e r t a i n s to e l e c t r i c a l , e l e c t r o n i c , o r m e c h a n i c a l c o m p o n e n ts o r e q u ip m e n t .

(3 ) R e q u ir e d to h av e s o m e k n o w led ge o f s c i e n c e o r e n g in e e r in g .

( E x c lu d e s p ro d u c t io n o r m a in te n a n c e w o r k e r s , q u a l i ty c o n t r o l t e s t e r s , c r a f t s m e n , d r a f t s m e n , d e s i g n e r s , and e n g i n e e r s . )

E n g in e e r in g T e c h n ic ia n I

P e r f o r m s s i m p le ro u t in e t a s k s u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n o r f r o m d e ta i le d p r o c e d u r e s . W ork i s c h e c k e d in p r o c e s s o r on c o m p le t io n . P e r f o r m s a t th i s l e v e l , one o r a c o m b i n a tion o f su c h ty p ic a l d u t ie s a s :

A s s e m b l e s o r i n s t a l l s e q u ip m e n t o r p a r t s r e q u i r i n g s i m p le w i r in g , s o l d e r i n g , o r co n n ect in g .

P e r f o r m s s im p le o r ro u t in e t a s k s o r t e s t s su c h a s t e n s i l e o r h a r d n e s s t e s t s ; o p e r a t e s , and a d ju s t s s im p le t e s t eq u ip m e n t ; r e c o r d s t e s t d a ta .

G a t h e r s and m a in t a in s s p e c i f i e d r e c o r d s o f e n g in e e r in g d a t a s u c h a s t e s t s , and d r a w i n g s ; p e r f o r m s c o m p u ta t io n s by s u b s t i tu t in g n u m b e r s in s p e c i f i e d f o r m u l a s ; p lo t s d a ta and d r a w s s i m p l e c u r v e s and g r a p h s .


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E N G IN E E R IN G T E C H N IC IA N — C on tinued

E n g i n e e r i n g T e c h n ic ia n II

P e r f o r m s s t a n d a r d i z e d o r p r e s c r i b e d a s s i g n m e n t s , in vo lv in g a s e q u e n c e o f r e l a t e d o p e r a t i o n s . F o l l o w s s t a n d a r d w o r k m e th o d s o r e x p l i c i t in s t r u c t io n s ; t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y o f ro u t in e w o r k i s r e v ie w e d on c o m p le t io n ; n o n ro u tin e w o r k m a y a l s o b e r e v ie w e d in p r o c e s s . P e r f o r m s a t th i s l e v e l , one o r a c o m b in a t io n o f su c h t y p ic a l d u t ie s a s :

A s s e m b l e s o r c o n s t r u c t s s im p le o r s t a n d a r d e q u ip m e n t o r p a r t s . M a y s e r v i c e o r r e p a i r s i m p l e i n s t r u m e n t s o r e q u ip m e n t .

C o n d u c ts a v a r i e t y o f s t a n d a r d i z e d t e s t s ; m a y p r e p a r e t e s t s p e c i m e n s ; s e t s up and o p e r a t e s s t a n d a r d t e s t eq u ip m e n t ; r e c o r d s t e s t d a ta .

E x t r a c t s e n g in e e r in g d a t a f r o m v a r i o u s p r e s c r i b e d s o u r c e s ; p r o c e s s e s the d a ta f o l low ing w e l l d e f in e d m e th o d s ; p r e s e n t s the d a t a in p r e s c r i b e d f o r m .

E n g in e e r in g T e c h n ic ia n III

P e r f o r m s a s s i g n m e n t s that a r e not c o m p l e t e l y s t a n d a r d i z e d o r p r e s c r i b e d . S e l e c t s o r a d a p t s s t a n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s o r e q u ip m e n t . R e c e i v e s in i t i a l in s t r u c t i o n s , e q u ip m e n t r e q u i r e m e n t s and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r e n g in e e r ; t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y o f c o m p le te d w o r k i s c h e c k e d . P e r f o r m s a t th is l e v e l , one o r a c o m b in a t io n o f su c h ty p ic a l d u t ie s a s :

C o n s t r u c t s c o m p o n e n t s , su b u n it s o r s im p le m o d e l s o r a d a p t s s t a n d a r d e q u ip m e n t . M a y t r o u b le s h o o t and c o r r e c t m a l f u n c t io n s .

C o n d u c ts v a r i o u s t e s t s o r e x p e r im e n t s w h ich m a y r e q u i r e m in o r m o d i f i c a t io n s in t e s t s e t u p s o r p r o c e d u r e s ; s e l e c t s , s e t s up and o p e r a t e s s t a n d a r d t e s t e q u ip m e n t and r e c o r d s t e s t d a ta .

E x t r a c t s and c o m p i l e s a v a r i e t y o f e n g in e e r in g d a ta ; p r o c e s s e s o r c o m p u t e s d a t a u s in g s p e c i f i e d f o r m u l a s and p r o c e d u r e s . P e r f o r m s ro u t in e a n a l y s i s to c h e c k a p p l i c a b i l i t y , a c c u r a c y , and r e a s o n a b l e n e s s o f d a ta .

E n g i n e e r i n g T e c h n ic ia n IV

P e r f o r m s n o n rou tin e a s s i g n m e n t s o f s u b s t a n t i a l v a r i e t y and c o m p le x i t y . R e c e i v e s o b je c t i v e s and te c h n ic a l a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r e n g in e e r ; w o r k i s r e v ie w e d fo r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y . M a y be a s s i s t e d by lo w e r l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n s . P e r f o r m s a t th is l e v e l , one o r a c o m b in a t io n o f su c h t y p ic a l d u t ie s a s :

W ork s on l im ite d s e g m e n t o f d e v e lo p m e n t p r o j e c t ; c o n s t r u c t s e x p e r i m e n t a l o r p r o to type m o d e l s to m e e t e n g in e e r in g r e q u i r e m e n t s ; c o n d u c ts t e s t s o r e x p e r i m e n t s ; r e c o r d s and e v a lu a t e s d a ta and r e p o r t s f in d in g s .

C o n d u c ts t e s t s o r e x p e r im e n t s r e q u i r i n g s e l e c t io n and a d a p ta t io n o r m o d i f i c a t io n o f t e s t e q u ip m e n t and t e s t p r o c e d u r e s ; s e t s up and o p e r a t e s e q u ip m e n t ; r e c o r d s d a ta ; a n a l y z e s d a t a and p r e p a r e s t e s t r e p o r t s .

C o m p i l e s and c o m p u te s a v a r i e t y o f e n g in e e r in g d a ta ; m a y a n a ly z e t e s t and d e s ig n d a ta ; d e v e lo p s o r p r e p a r e s s c h e m a t i c s , d e s i g n s , s p e c i f i c a t i o n s , p a r t s l i s t s o r m a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t io n s r e g a r d i n g th e se i t e m s . M ay r e v ie w d e s i g n s o r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s fo r a d e q u a c y .

E n g in e e r in g T e c h n ic ia n V

P e r f o r m s n o n rou tin e and c o m p l e x a s s i g n m e n t s in volv ing r e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r p lanning and con d u ct in g a c o m p le te p r o j e c t o f r e l a t i v e l y l im i te d s c o p e o r a p o r t io n o f a l a r g e r and m o r e d i v e r s e p r o j e c t . S e l e c t s and a d a p t s p l a n s , t e c h n iq u e s , d e s i g n s o r l a y o u t s . M a y c o o r d in a te p o r t io n s o f o v e r a l l a s s i g n m e n t ; r e v i e w s , a n a ly z e s and i n t e g r a t e s the t e c h n ic a l w o rk


6 9

E N G IN E E R IN G T E C H N IC IA N — C ontinued

o f o t h e r s . S u p e r v i s o r o r p r o f e s s i o n a l e n g in e e r o u t l in e s o b j e c t i v e s , r e q u i r e m e n t s and d e s ig n a p p r o a c h e s ; c o m p le te d w o r k i s r e v ie w e d fo r te c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y and s a t i s f a c t i o n o f r e q u i r e m e n t s . M a y be a s s i s t e d by lo w e r l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n s . P e r f o r m s a t th is l e v e l , one o r a c o m b in a t io n o f su c h t y p ic a l d u t ie s a s :

D e s i g n s , d e v e lo p s and c o n s t r u c t s m a j o r u n i t s , d e v i c e s o r e q u ip m en t ; co n d u c ts t e s t s o r e x p e r i m e n t s ; a n a ly z e s r e s u l t s and r e d e s i g n s o r m o d i f i e s eq u ip m e n t to im p r o v e p e r f o r m a n c e ; r e p o r t s r e s u l t s .

P l a n s o r a s s i s t s in p lann ing t e s t s to e v a lu a te e q u ip m e n t p e r f o r m a n c e . D e t e r m in e s t e s t r e q u i r e m e n t s , e q u ip m e n t m o d if i c a t io n and t e s t p r o c e d u r e s ; co n d u c ts t e s t s , a n a ly z e s and e v a lu a t e s d a ta and p r e p a r e s r e p o r t s on f in d in gs and r e c o m m e n d a t io n s .

R e v ie w s and a n a ly z e s a v a r i e t y o f e n g in e e r in g d a ta to d e t e r m in e r e q u i r e m e n t s to m e e t e n g in e e r in g o b je c t i v e s ; m a y c a l c u l a t e d e s ig n d a ta ; p r e p a r e s l a y o u t s , d e ta i le d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s , p a r t s l i s t s , e s t i m a t e s , p r o c e d u r e s , e tc . M a y c h e c k and a n a ly z e d r a w in g s o r eq u ip m e n t to d e t e r m in e a d e q u a c y o f d r a w in g s and d e s ig n .

D R A F T S M E N

D r a f t s m a n - t r a c e r

C o p ie s p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d by o th e r s by p la c in g t r a c i n g c lo th o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g s and t r a c i n g w ith pen o r p e n c i l . (D o e s not in c lude t r a c i n g l im i te d to p la n s p r i m a r i l y c o n s i s t in g o f s t r a i g h t l in e s and a l a r g e s c a l e not r e q u ir i n g c l o s e d e l in e a t io n . )

a n d / o r

P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e t i t iv e d r a w in g s o f e a s i l y v i s u a l i z e d i t e m s . W ork i s c l o s e l y s u p e r v i s e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .

D r a f t s m a n I

P r e p a r e s d e ta i l d r a w in g s o f s in g le un its o r p a r t s fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t i o n , m a n u fa c t u r in g , o r r e p a i r p u r p o s e s . T y p e s o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lude i s o m e t r i c p r o j e c t io n s (d e p ic t in g th re e d im e n s io n s in a c c u r a t e s c a l e ) and s e c t io n a l v ie w s to c l a r i f y p o s i t io n in g o f c o m p o n e n ts and con v ey n eed ed in fo r m a t io n . C o n s o l id a t e s d e t a i l s f r o m a n u m b e r of s o u r c e s and a d ju s t s o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a l e a s r e q u i r e d .

D r a f t s m a n II

P e r f o r m s no n routin e and c o m p l e x d r a f t in g a s s i g n m e n t s that r e q u i r e the a p p l ic a t io n o f m o s t o f the s t a n d a r d i z e d d ra w in g te c h n iq u e s r e g u l a r l y u s e d . D u t ie s ty p ic a l ly in vo lve su ch w o r k a s : P r e p a r e s w o rk in g d r a w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b l i e s w ith i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s , m u lt ip lefu n c t io n s , and p r e c i s e p o s i t io n a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e tw een c o m p o n e n ts ; p r e p a r e s a r c h i t e c t u r a l d r a w in g s fo r c o n s t r u c t io n o f a bu i ld in g in c lu d in g d e t a i l d r a w in g s o f fo u n d a t io n s , w a l l s e c t i o n s , f lo o r p l a n s , and ro o f . U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u l a s and m a n u a l s in m a k in g n e c e s s a r y c o m p u ta t io n s to d e te r m in e q u a n t i t ie s o f m a t e r i a l s to be u s e d , lo ad c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s , s t r e s s e s , e tc . R e c e i v e s in i t i a l i n s t r u c t i o n s , r e q u i r e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r . C o m p le te d w o r k i s c h e c k e d fo r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y .

D r a f t s m a n III

P l a n s the g r a p h ic p r e s e n t a t io n o f c o m p le x i t e m s hav ing d i s t in c t iv e d e s ig n f e a t u r e s th at d i f f e r s ig n i f i c a n t ly f r o m e s t a b l i s h e d d r a f t in g p r e c e d e n t s . W ork s in c l o s e s u p p o r t with the d e s ig n o r i g i n a t o r , and m a y r e c o m m e n d m in o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s . A n a ly z e s the e f f e c t o f e a c h c h an ge on the d e t a i l s o f f o r m , fu n ct ion , and p o s i t io n a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c o m p o n e n ts and p a r t s . W ork s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e . C o m p le te d w o r k i s r e v ie w e d by d e s ig n o r i g in a t o r fo r c o n s i s t e n c y w ith p r i o r e n g in e e r in g d e t e r m in a t io n s . M ay e i th e r p r e p a r e d r a w i n g s , o r d i r e c t th e ir p r e p a r a t i o n by lo w er l e v e l d r a f t s m e n .


7 0

C L E R I C A L

C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G

C l e r k , A cco un tin g I

U n d er s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s one o r m o r e ro u t in e acco u n tin g o p e r a t io n s s u c h a s p o s t in g s im p le j o u r n a l v o u c h e r s o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le v o u c h e r s , e n te r in g v o u c h e r s in v o u ch e r r e g i s t e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g bank a c c o u n t s ; and p o s t in g s u b s i d i a r y l e d g e r s c o n t r o l l e d by g e n e r a l l e d g e r s , o r p o s t in g s im p le c o s t a cco u n t in g d a ta . T h is jo b d o e s not r e q u i r e a kn o w ledge o f a cco u n t in g and bo o k k eep in g p r i n c i p l e s , but i s found in o f f i c e s in w hich the m o r e ro u t in e a c counting w o r k i s su b d iv id e d on a fu n c t io n a l b a s i s am o n g s e v e r a l w o r k e r s .

C l e r k , A cco u n tin g II

U n d er g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n ta n t , h a s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r k eep in g one o r m o r e s e c t io n s o f a c o m p le te s e t o f b o o k s o r r e c o r d s r e l a t in g to one p h a s e o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s b u s i n e s s t r a n s a c t i o n s . W ork in v o lv e s p o s t in g and b a la n c in g s u b s i d i a r y l e d g e r o r l e d g e r s su c h a s a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o r a c c o u n t s p a y a b le ; e x a m in in g and cod in g in v o ic e s o r v o u c h e r s with p r o p e r ac c o u n t in g d i s t r ib u t io n ; r e q u i r e s ju d g m e n t and e x p e r ie n c e in m a k in g p r o p e r a s s i g n a t i o n s and a l l o c a t i o n s . M a y a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g , a d ju s t in g , and c lo s in g jo u r n a l e n t r i e s ; m a y d i r e c t a cco u n tin g c l e r k s I.

C L E R K , F I L E

C l e r k , F i l e I

P e r f o r m s ro u t in e f i l in g o f m a t e r i a l that h a s a l r e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f i e d o r w hich i s e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s im p le s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s y s t e m (e . g. , a l p h a b e t i c a l , c h r o n o lo g ic a l , o r n u m e r ic a l ) . A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s r e a d i ly a v a i l a b le m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l ; m a y f i l l out w i th d r a w a l c h a r g e . P e r f o r m s s im p le c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d to m a in t a in and s e r v i c e f i l e s .

C l e r k , F i l e II

S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l by s i m p le ( s u b j e c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t l y c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l by f in e r s u b h e a d in g s . P r e p a r e s s im p le r e l a t e d in dex andc r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a i d s . A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s c l e a r l y id e n t i f ie d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r i a l . M a y p e r f o r m r e l a t e d c l e r i c a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s .

C l e r k , F i l e III

In an e s t a b l i s h e d f i l in g s y s t e m con ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r i e d s u b j e c t m a t t e r f i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s and in d e x e s f i le m a t e r i a l su c h a s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n ic a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . M a y a l s o f i le th i s m a t e r i a l . M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r i o u s ty p e s in co n ju n ct io n withthe f i l e s . M a y l e a d a s m a l l g ro u p o f lo w e r l e v e l f i le c l e r k s .

K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R

K ey p u n ch O p e r a t o r I

U n d er c lo s e s u p e r v i s i o n o r fo l low ing s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c t i o n s , t r a n s c r i b e s d a t a f r o m s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts to punched c a r d s . O p e r a t e s a n u m e r i c a l a n d / o r a l p h a b e t i c a l o r c o m b in a t io n keypun ch m a c h in e to keypunch tab u la t in g c a r d s . M a y v e r i f y c a r d s . W orking f r o m v a r i o u s s t a n d a r d i z e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s , fo l lo w s s p e c i f i e d s e q u e n c e s w h ich h ave b e e n c o d e d o r p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l and r e q u i r e l i t t le o r no s e l e c t i n g , c o d in g , o r in te r p r e t in g o f d a t a to be punched. P r o b l e m s a r i s i n g f r o m e r r o n e o u s i t e m s o r c o d e s , m i s s i n g in fo r m a t io n , e tc . , a r e r e f e r r e d to s u p e r v i s o r .


71

K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R — C on tinued

K ey p u n ch O p e r a t o r II

O p e r a t e s a n u m e r i c a l a n d / o r a lp h a b e t i c a l o r c o m b in a t io n keypu n ch m a c h in e to t r a n s c r i b e d a t a f r o m v a r io u s s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts to keypu n ch ta b u la t in g c a r d s . P e r f o r m s s a m e t a s k s a s lo w e r l e v e l keypunch o p e r a t o r b u t in a d d it io n , w o r k r e q u i r e s a p p l i c a t io n o f cod in g s k i l l s and the m a k in g o f s o m e d e t e r m i n a t i o n s , f o r e x a m p l e , l o c a t e s on the s o u r c e d o c u m e n t the i t e m s to b e punched; e x t r a c t s in fo r m a t io n f r o m s e v e r a l d o c u m e n t s ; s e a r c h e s fo r and i n t e r p r e t s in fo r m a t io n on the d o c u m e n t to d e t e r m in e in fo r m a t io n to be punched. M a y t r a i n in e x p e r i e n c e d o p e r a t o r s .

O F F I C E BO Y O R G I R L

P e r f o r m s v a r i o u s ro u t in e d u t ie s su ch a s running e r r a n d s ; o p e r a t in g m in o r o f f i c e m a c h i n e s , su c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s ; open ing and d i s t r ib u t in g m a i l ; and o th e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k .

S E C R E T A R Y

A s s i g n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y to one in d iv id u a l . M a in t a in s a c l o s e and h igh ly r e s p o n s i v e r e l a t i o n s h i p to the d a y - t o - d a y w o r k a c t i v i t i e s o f the s u p e r v i s o r . W o rk s f a i r l y in dep en d en tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e ta i le d s u p e r v i s i o n and g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r i e d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l d u t i e s , u s u a l l y in clud in g m o s t o f the fo l low in g :

( a ) R e c e i v e s te lep h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and in co m in g m a i l , a n s w e r s ro u t in e i n q u i r i e s , and r o u t e s the t e c h n ic a l in q u i r i e s to the p r o p e r p e r s o n s ;

(b ) E s t a b l i s h e s , m a i n t a i n s , and r e v i s e s the s u p e r v i s o r ' s f i l e s ;( c ) M a in t a in s the s u p e r v i s o r ' s c a l e n d a r and m a k e s a p p o in tm e n ts a s in s t r u c t e d ;(d ) R e l a y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v i s o r to s u b o r d i n a t e s ;( e ) R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d a , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d by o t h e r s fo r the

s u p e r v i s o r ' s s ig n a t u r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and ty p o g r a p h ic a c c u r a c y ;( f ) P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic and typing w o rk .

M a y a l s o p e r f o r m o th e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l t a s k s o f c o m p a r a b l e n a tu re and d i f f i c u l ty . The w o r k ty p ic a l ly r e q u i r e s k n o w led ge o f o f f i c e ro u t in e and u n d e r s t a n d in g o f the o r g a n i z a t i o n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e l a t e d to the w o r k o f the s u p e r v i s o r .

E x c l u s i o n s

Not a l l p o s i t io n s th at a r e t i t le d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the ab ove c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . E x a m p l e s o f p o s i t io n s w h ich a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the d e f in i t io n a r e a s fo l lo w s :

( a ) P o s i t i o n s w hich do not m e e t the " p e r s o n a l " s e c r e t a r y c o n c e p t d e s c r i b e d a b o v e ;(b ) S t e n o g r a p h e r s not fu l ly t r a i n e d in s e c r e t a r i a l type d u t ie s ;( c ) S t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v i n g a s o f f i c e a s s i s t a n t s to a g ro u p o f p r o f e s s i o n a l , t e c h n i c a l ,

o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n s ;(d ) S e c r e t a r y p o s i t io n s in w hich the d u t ie s a r e e i th e r s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e ro u t in e o r

s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e c o m p l e x and r e s p o n s i b l e than th o se c h a r a c t e r i z e d in the de f in it io n ;( e ) A s s i s t a n t type p o s i t io n s w h ich in vo lve m o r e d i f f i c u l t o r m o r e r e s p o n s i b l e t e c h

n i c a l , a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , s u p e r v i s o r y , o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l d u t ie s w h ich a r e not ty p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o rk .

N O T E : The t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in the l e v e l d e f in i t io n s fo l lo w in g , r e f e r sto th o se o f f i c i a l s who h av e a s i g n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e - w i d e p o l ic y m a k in g r o l e w ith r e g a r d to m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s . T he t i t le " v i c e p r e s i d e n t , " though n o r m a l l y in d ic a t iv e o f th is r o l e , d o e s not in a l l c a s e s id e n t i fy su c h p o s i t io n s . V ic e p r e s i d e n t s w h o se p r i m a r y r e s p o n s ib i l i t y i s to a c t p e r s o n a l l y on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t i o n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r deny in d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m i n i s t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s ta f f ) a r e not c o n s i d e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " fo r p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g the fo l low ing l e v e l d e f in i t io n s :


7 2

S E C R E T A R Y — C on tinued

S e c r e t a r y I

( a ) S e c r e t a r y to the s u p e r v i s o r o r h ead o f a s m a l l o r g a n iz a t i o n a l un it ( e . g . , fe w e r than ab o u t 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o r

( b ) S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v i s o r y s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e , a d m i n i s t r a t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s i s t a n t , s k i l l e d te c h n ic ia n o r e x p e r t . (N O T E : M an y c o m p a n ie s a s s i g ns t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r than s e c r e t a r i e s a s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , to th is l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r . )

S e c r e t a r y II

( a ) S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u t iv e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o se r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s not e q u iv a le n t to one o f the s p e c i f i c l e v e l s i t u a t io n s in the d e f in i t io n fo r l e v e l III, bu t w h o se s u b o r d in a te s t a f f n o r m a l l y n u m b e r s a t l e a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p l o y e e s and i s u s u a l l y d iv id e d into o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w hich a r e o f te n , in tu rn , fu r th e r su b d iv id e d . In s o m e c o m p a n i e s , th is l e v e l in c lu d e s a w ide r a n g e o f o r g a n iz a t i o n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o t h e r s , on ly one o r two; o r

( b ) S e c r e t a r y to the h ead o f an in d iv id u a l p lan t , f a c t o r y , e tc . , (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c ia l ) th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r than 5, 000 p e r s o n s .

S e c r e t a r y III

( a ) S e c r e t a r y to the c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

( b ) S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o th er than c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

( c ) S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d ( im m e d ia t e ly be low the o f f i c e r lev e l) o v e r e i th e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a t e - w i d e fu n c t io n a l a c t iv i t y ( e . g . , m a r k e t i n g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t i o n s , i n d u s t r i a l r e l a t i o n s , e t c . ) o r a m a j o r g e o g r a p h i c o r o r g a n iz a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g i o n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d iv is io n ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but fe w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p l o y e e s ; o r

(d ) S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t , f a c t o r y , e tc . (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c ia l ) th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

( e ) S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d o f a l a r g e and im p o r ta n t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n iz a t i o n a l s e g m e n t o f te n in vo lv in g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d red p e r s o n s ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .

S e c r e t a r y IV

( a ) S e c r e t a r y to the c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

(b ) S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o th e r than the c h a i r m a n of the b o a r d o r p r e s i dent) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5, 000 but fe w e r than 25, 000 p e r s o n s ; or

( c ) S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d , i m m e d i a t e l y below the c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r l e v e l , of a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s i d i a r y o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .


7 3

S T E N O G R A P H E R , G E N E R A L

P r i m a r y duty i s to tak e and t r a n s c r i b e d ic t a t io n f r o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s e i th e r in sh o r th a n d o r by S tenotype o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e , in vo lv in g a n o r m a l ro u t in e v o c a b u l a r y . M a y a l s o type f r o m w r i t t e n c o p y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s o r p e r f o r m o th e r r e l a t i v e l y ro u t in e c l e r i c a l t a s k s . M a y o p e r a t e f r o m a s t e n o g r a p h ic p o o l . D o e s not in c lude t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e w o rk .

S T E N O G R A P H E R , SE N IO R

P r i m a r y duty i s to tak e and t r a n s c r i b e d ic ta t io n f r o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s e i th e r in sh o r th a n d o r by S ten otype o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e , in vo lv in g a v a r i e d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y su c h a s in l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a l s o type f r o m w r i t t e n c o p y . M a y a l s o s e t up and m a in t a in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e tc .

OR

P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u t ie s r e q u i r i n g s ig n i f i c a n t ly g r e a t e r in dep en d en ce and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y than s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l a s e v id e n c e d by the fo l low in g : W ork r e q u i r e s h ighd e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and a c c u r a c y ; a th o ro u gh w o rk in g k n o w led ge o f g e n e r a l b u s i n e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e and o f the s p e c i f i c b u s i n e s s o p e r a t i o n s , o r g a n iz a t i o n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k f lo w , e t c . U s e s th is k n o w ledge in p e r f o r m i n g s t e n o g r a p h ic d u t ie s and r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s m a in ta in in g fo l low up f i l e s ; a s s e m b l i n g m a t e r i a l fo r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d u m s , and l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s in g s im p le l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s ; r e a d in g and ro u t in g in co m in g m a i l ; a n s w e r in g rou t in e q u e s t io n s , e tc . D o e s not in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e w o r k .

N O T E : T h is jo b i s d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that the s e c r e t a r yn o r m a l l y w o r k s in a c o n f id e n t ia l r e l a t i o n s h i p to only one m a n a g e r o r e x e c u t iv e and p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s i b l e and d i s c r e t i o n a r y t a s k s a s d e s c r i b e d in th at jo b de f in it io n .

S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R

S w itc h b o a rd O p e r a t o r I

O p e r a t e s a s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n te leph on e s w i tc h b o a r d han dlin g in co m in g , o u tg o in g , in t r a p la n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . M a y h an dle ro u t in e long d i s t a n c e c a l l s and r e c o r d t o l l s . M a y p e r f o r m l im i t e d te leph on e in fo r m a t io n s e r v i c e . ( " L i m i t e d " te leph on e in fo r m a t io n s e r v ic e o c c u r s i f the fu n ct ion s o f the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e r v i c e d a r e r e a d i l y u n d e r s t a n d a b le fo r te leph on e in fo r m a t io n p u r p o s e s , o r i f the r e q u e s t s a r e r o u t in e , e . g . , g iv in g e x te n s io n n u m b e r s w hen s p e c i f i c n a m e s a r e fu r n i s h e d , o r i f c o m p le x c a l l s a r e r e f e r r e d to a n o th er o p e r a t o r . )

S w itc h b o a rd O p e r a t o r II

O p e r a t e s a s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n te leph on e sw i tc h b o a r d handling in co m in g , o u tg o in g , in t r a p la n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . P e r f o r m s fu l l te leph on e in fo r m a t io n s e r v i c e o r h a n d le s c o m p le x c a l l s , su c h a s c o n f e r e n c e , c o l l e c t , o v e r s e a s , o r s i m i l a r c a l l s , e i th e r in ad d it io n to doing ro u t in e w o r k a s d e s c r i b e d fo r s w i tc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r I , o r a s a f u l l - t im e a s s i g n m e n t . ( " F u l l " te leph on e in fo r m a t io n s e r v i c e o c c u r s w hen the e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a s v a r i e d fu n c t io n s th at a r e not r e a d i l y u n d e r s t a n d a b l e fo r te leph on e in fo r m a t io n p u r p o s e s , e . g . , b e c a u s e o f o v e r la p p in g o r i n t e r r e l a t e d fu n c t io n s , and c o n se q u e n t ly p r e s e n t f r e q u e n t p r o b l e m s a s to w h ich e x te n s io n s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e fo r c a l l s . )


74

T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

T a b u la tin g -M a ch in e O p era tor I

O p era tes s im p le tabulating o r e le c t r ic a l accou ntin g m a ch in e s , su ch as the s o r t e r , re p ro d u c in g punch , c o l la t o r , e tc . , w ith s p e c i f ic in s tru ctio n s . M ay in clu d e the p e r fo rm a n ce o f so m e s im p le w ir in g fr o m d ia g ra m s and som e filin g w ork . The w o rk ty p ica lly in v o lv e s p o r tio n s o f a w o rk un it, fo r e x a m p le , in d iv idua l sortin g o r co lla t in g ru n s , o r re p e tit iv e o p e r a t io n s .

T a b u la tin g -M a ch in e O p era tor II

O p era tes m o r e d if f icu lt tabulating o r e le c t r ic a l accounting m a ch in e s , su ch as the tabu lator and c a lc u la to r , in add ition to the s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c e r , and c o l la to r . T h is w o r k is p e r fo r m e d under s p e c i f ic in s tru ctio n s and m ay in clude the p e r fo rm a n ce o f som e w ir in g fr o m d ia g ra m s . The w o rk ty p ica lly in v o lv e s , fo r e x a m p le , tabu lations in volv in g a r e p e t it iv e a c counting e x e r c i s e , a co m p le te but sm a ll tabulating study, o r p a rts o f a lon g er and m o r e co m p le x r e p o r t . Such re p o r ts and stu d ies a re u su a lly o f a r e c u r r in g nature w h ere the p r o ce d u re s a re w e ll e s ta b lish e d . M ay a lso in clude the tra in ing o f new e m p lo y e e s in the b a s ic op e ra tio n o f the m a ch in e .

T a b u la tin g -M a ch in e O p era tor III

O p era tes a v a r ie ty o f tabulating o r e le c t r ic a l a ccou ntin g m a ch in e s , ty p ica lly in clu d in g su ch m a ch in es as the ta b u la to r , c a lc u la to r , in te r p r e te r , c o l la t o r , and o th e r s . P e r fo r m s co m p le te re p o rtin g a ss ign m en ts w ithout c lo s e s u p e rv is io n , and p e r fo r m s d if f ic u lt w ir in g as re q u ire d . The co m p le te re p o rtin g and tabulating a ss ign m en ts ty p ica lly in v o lv e a v a r ie ty o f long and co m p le x r e p o r ts w h ich o ften are o f ir r e g u la r o r n o n re cu rr in g type r e qu irin g so m e planning and sequ en cin g o f steps to be taken . As a m o re e x p e r ie n ce d o p e r a to r , is ty p ica lly in v o lv ed in tra in in g new o p e r a to r s in m a ch in e o p e ra t io n s , o r p a r t ia lly tra in ed o p e r a to r s in w ir in g fr o m d ia g ra m s and op era tin g seq u en ces o f long and c o m p le x r e p o r t s . D oes not in clu d e w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s p e r fo rm in g tab u la tin g -m a ch in e o p era tion s and d a y -t o - day s u p e rv is io n o f the w o rk and p ro d u ctio n o f a grou p o f ta b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s .

T Y P IS T

U ses a ty p ew rite r to m ake co p ie s o f v a r iou s m a te r ia ls o r to m ake out b il ls a fte r ca lcu la tio n s have b een m ade by an oth er p e r s o n . M ay in clude typing o f s t e n c ils , m a ts , o r s im ila r m a te r ia ls fo r u se in d u p lica tin g p r o c e s s e s . M ay do c le r i c a l w o rk in vo lv in g little s p e c ia l tra in in g , such as k eep in g s im p le r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r so rtin g and d is tr ib u tin g in com in g m a il.

T y p is t I

P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo l lo w in g : C opy typing fr o m rou gh o r c le a r d ra fts ;rou tin e typing o f f o r m s , in su ra n ce p o l i c ie s , e t c . ; setting up s im p le standard ta b u la tion s , o r cop y in g m o r e co m p le x ta b les a lrea d y se t up and sp a ced p r o p e r ly .

T y p is t II

P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : T yping m a te r ia l in fin a l fo r m w h en it in v o lv e s com b in in g m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s o r re sp o n s ib ility fo r c o r r e c t s p e ll in g , s y l la b ica t io n , punctuation , e t c . , o f te ch n ica l o r unusual w o rd s o r fo r e ig n language m a te r ia l; planning layou t and typing o f c o m p lica te d s ta t is t ica l tab les to m ain ta in u n ifo rm ity and b a la n ce in sp a c in g . M ay type rou tin e fo r m le t t e r s , vary in g deta ils to su it c ir c u m s ta n c e s .


7 5

N O T E : The d e fin ition s fo r the d ra ftin g and c le r i c a l o ccu p a tion s show n in this b u lle t in a re the sam e as those u sed in the B u rea u 's p ro g ra m o f o ccu p a tio n a l w age su rv ey s in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s . (See the l is t o f a re a s in the o r d e r fo rm at the b a ck o f this b u lle t in .) The le v e l d es ig n a tion s u sed in this b u lle t in , h o w e v e r , d if fe r fr o m th ose u sed in the a rea b u lle t in s . The equ iva len t le v e l d es ig n a tion s fo r the occu p a tion s co n ce rn e d a re as fo l lo w s :

N ational S u rvey o f O ccu p a tion a lP r o fe s s io n a l , A d m in i- W age S u rveys in

s tra t iv e , T e c h n ic a l, and M etrop o lita nO ccu p a tion C le r ic a l P ay A re a s

D ra ftsm a n ____________________________ I CII BIII A

C le r k , a ccou n tin g ___________________ I BII A

C le r k , f i l e ___________________________ I CII BIII A

K eypunch o p e r a to r __________________ I BII A

S e c r e ta r y _____________________________ IIIIIIIV

DCBA

S w itch board o p e r a t o r ______________ III

BA

T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r ___________ I

IIIII

CBA

III

BA

T y p ist


Appendix D. Comparison of Average Annual Salaries in Private Industry, June 1969, with Corresponding Salary Rates for

Federal Employees Under the General Schedule

The su rv e y w as d es ig n ed , am ong oth er u s e s , to p ro v id e a b a s is fo r com p a r in g F e d e ra l s a la r ie s under the G en era l Schedule w ith g e n e ra l pay le v e ls in p r iv a te in d u stry . T o a ssu re co m p ila tio n o f pay data fo r w o rk le v e ls that w ou ld be equ iva len t to the F e d e ra l g r a d e s , the C iv il S e rv ice C o m m is s io n co lla b o r a te d w ith the B ureau o f L a b or S ta tis tics to p re p a re the o ccu p a tio n w o rk le v e l de fin ition s u sed in the su rv e y . D efin ition s w e re g ra d ed b y the C o m m is s io n a c co rd in g to stan dards e s ta b lish e d fo r ea ch g ra d e . E a ch o ccu p a tio n w o rk le v e l su rv e y e d b y the B ureau o f L a b or S ta tis t ic s and c u rre n t ly c o n s id e r e d b y the C o m m is s io n to be equ iva len t to a G en era l Schedu le grad e is id en tified in the fo llo w in g tab le .

7 7Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

7 8

C o m p a r i s o n of A v e r a g e A n n u a l S a l a r i e s in P r i v a t e I n d u s t r y , 1 Ju n e 1969, f o r F e d e r a l E m p lo y e e s U n d e r the G e n e r a l Sc h e d u le 2

With S a l a r y R a t e s

A v e r a g e an n u a l

s a l a r i e s in p r iv a t e i n d u s t r y 4

S a l a r y r a t e s f o r F e d e r a l e m p l o y e e s u n d e r the G e n e r a l Sc hedu leO c c u p a t io n a n d c l a s s

s u r v e y e d by BLS 3 G r a d e 5P e r a n n u m r a t e s and s t e p s 0

i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

C l e r k s , f i l e I _________________________________ $ 3 , 8 8 3 GS 1 $ 3 , 8 8 9 $ 4 , 0 1 9 $4 , 149 $4 , 279 $ 4 , 4 0 8 $ 4 , 538 $ 4 , 6 6 8 $ 4 , 798 $ 4 , 9 2 8 $5 , 057Offic e bo ys o r g i r l s __________________________ 4 ,2 7 9 3 ,889 4 ,0 1 9 4, 149 4 ,2 7 9 4 ,4 0 8 4, 538 4 ,6 6 8 4, 798 4, 928 5 ,0 5 7

C l e r k s , f i l e I I ________ ____ ______ ________ 4, 328 GS 2 4, 231 4 ,3 7 2 4 , 5 1 3 4 ,6 5 5 4 ,7 9 6 4 ,9 3 7 5 ,0 7 8 5, 219 5, 360 5, 501K ey p u n c h o p e r a t o r s I ___________ ____________S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s I ____________ _ _______T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s 1 . . _________ .T y p i s t s I ____________________ __________________

4 ,7 9 74 ,8 2 25 ,0214 ,4 5 1

4, 360 4, 505 4, 650 4 ,7 9 5 4, 940 5, 085 5 ,2 3 0 5, 375 5, 520 5 ,6 6 5

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g 1 ---------- -------------------------- 4 ,9 4 1 GS 3 4 ,6 0 0 4, 753 4 ,9 0 7 5 ,0 6 0 5 ,2 1 4 5, 367 5, 521 5, 674 5 ,8 2 8 5 ,981C l e r k s , f i l e III ................................................................D r a f t s m e n - t r a c e r s ........................ .......................... .E n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s I .........................................K e y p u n c h o p e r a t o r s II _______________________S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l _____________________S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s I I _____________________T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s II ____________T y p i s t s I I ............................................................................

5, 320 5, 301 5 ,9 4 2 5 ,4 8 2 S, 192 5 ,6 8 9 6 ,0 6 0 5, 155

4 ,9 1 7 5, 081 5 ,2 4 5 5 ,4 0 9 5, 573 5 ,7 3 7 5 ,901 6, 065 6 ,2 2 9 6, 393

C l e r k s , a c co u n t in g I I _______________________ 6 ,4 4 8 GS 4 5, 145 5, 316 5 ,4 8 7 5, 658 5, 829 6 ,0 0 0 6, 171 6, 342 6, 513 6 ,6 8 4D r a f t s m e n I ......................................................................E n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s I I _________ ________S e c r e t a r i e s I _________________ _____________S t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r _________________ ____T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s I I I ____________

6 ,4 5 4 7 ,0 1 1 5, 869 5 ,8 8 4 7, 371

5, 522 5, 706 5 ,8 9 0 6 ,0 7 4 6, 258 6 ,4 4 2 6 ,6 2 6 6 ,8 1 0 6 ,9 9 4 7, 178

A c c o u n t a n t s I ___ ____ __________ ________ 8 ,0 0 2 GS 5 5, 732 5 ,9 2 4 6, 115 6, 307 6 ,4 9 8 6 ,6 9 0 6, 881 7 ,0 7 3 7 ,2 6 5 7 ,4 5 6A u d i t o r s I . . . __ . ______________B u y e r s I ________________________________ .C h e m i s t s I ___________ ___________________D r a f t s m e n I I __ _____________ —— _______E n g i n e e r s I __________________________ . . . .E n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s III ____ __ ___J o b a n a l y s t s I _____________________________S e c r e t a r i e s II . . . ___ ____________ ______

8, 367 7 ,8 7 78, 736 7 ,9 8 89, 662 8, 040 8, 137 6 ,5 8 6

6, 176 6, 382 6, 588 6, 794 7 ,0 0 0 7, 206 7 ,4 1 2 7, 618 7 ,8 2 4 8, 030

S e c r e t a r i e s I I I___________________ . . . ______ 7 ,0 3 2 GS 6 6, 321 6, 882

6, 5327, 111

6 ,7 4 3 7, 340

6 ,9 5 5 7, 569

7, 166 7, 798

7, 377 8 ,0 2 7

7 ,5 8 8 8 ,2 5 6

7 ,7 9 98 ,4 8 5

8 ,0 1 08 ,7 1 4

8, 221 8 ,9 4 3

A c c o u n t a n t s I I __________________________ . 9 ,0 1 3 GS 7 6 ,981 7 ,2 1 4 7 ,4 4 7 7 ,6 8 0 7 ,9 1 3 8, 146 8, 379 8 ,6 1 2 8 ,8 4 5 9 .0 7 8A u d i t o r s I I _____________________ ___________B u y e r s II ___________ . _____ ________C h e m i s t s II _____________________ _______D r a f t s m e n I I I _______________________ _____

E n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s I V _________________J o b a n a l y s t s II __________ _____ _____________S e c r e t a r i e s IV __________________________ .

9, 287 9 ,2 6 9 9 ,6 2 6 9 ,7 5 5

1 0 ,455 9, 300 9 ,081 7 ,6 9 7

7 ,6 3 9 7 ,8 9 4 8, 149 8 ,4 0 4 8 ,6 5 9 8 ,9 1 4 9, 169 9, 424 9 ,6 7 9 9 ,9 3 4

A c c o u n t a n t s I I I _____________________________ 10, 029 GS 9 8 ,4 6 2 8, 744 9 ,0 2 6 9, 308 9 ,5 9 0 9 ,8 7 2 1 0 ,154 10,436 10,718 11,000

A u d i t o r s III ________________________________B u y e r s III ______________ __________ ________C h e m i s t s III ______________ _________________E n g i n e e r s III ___________________________ ___E n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s V ___________________J o b a n a l y s t s III ____________________________

1 1 ,020 1 0 ,726 10, 942 1 1 ,063 11,701 10,321 10, 595

9, 320 9, 631 9 .9 4 2 10,253 1 0 ,564 10,875 1 1 ,186 11,497 11,808 12, 119

A c c o u n ta n t s I V _______________________ ______ 1 1 ,967 GS 11 10,203 10,543 1 0 ,883 1 1 ,2 2 3 11, 563 1 1 ,903 12, 243 12,583 1 2 ,9 2 3 13, 263

A u d i t o r s IV ___________ ________ _____ ______B u y e r s IV ............................. ......................................C h e m i s t s IV _______________________________Chie f a c c o u n t a n t s I ________________________D i r e c t o r s of p e r s o n n e l I ___________________E n g i n e e r s IV ______________________________J o b a n a l y s t s IV ______ _____________________

1 2 ,780 13, 125 13, 151 13, 359 13, 212 1 1 ,847 13, 893 12, 830

1 1 ,233 11,607 11,981 12,355 12,729 13, 103 1 3 ,477 13,851 14,225 14 ,599

See footn otes at end of ta b le .


79

C o m p a r i s o n of A v e r a g e A n n u a l S a l a r i e s in P r i v a t e I n d u s t r y , 1 J u n e 1969, With S a l a r y R a te s fo r F e d e r a l E m p lo y e e s U n d e r the G e n e r a l S ch ed u le 2— C o nt in ued

A v e r a g e a n n u a l

s a l a r i e s in p r iv a t e i n d u s t r y 4

S a l a r y r a t e s fo r F e d e r a l e m p l o y e e s u n d e r t h e G e n e r a l S chedu leO c c u p a t io n a n d c l a s s

s u r v e y e d by BL S 3 G r a d e 5P e r a n n u m r a t e s a n d s t e p s 6

i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

A c c o u n t a n t s VA t t o r n e y s I I I ______ _ _ __ _ _ .C h e m i s t s V _ ________C h ief accou n tan ts II __________________________D ir e c to r s of p erso n n el II ___ ____ _ _ ___E n g in e e r s V ___________ _ _ _ _ _

$ 1 4 , 373 15, 879 16, 080 14, 637 13, 925 16, 107

GS 12 $ 12 , 174 13, 389

$ 12 , 580 13, 835

$ 1 2 , 9 8 6 14,281

$ 1 3 , 392 14 ,727

$ 1 3 , 7 9 81 5 ,173

$ 14 ,204 15 ,619

$ 1 4 , 6 1 016,065

$ 1 5 , 0 1 6 16 ,511

$ 1 5 , 4 2 21 6 ,9 5 7

$ 1 5 , 8 2 81 7 ,403

A tto rn ey s I V .....................................................................C h em ists VI ___________________________C h ief accou n tan ts III _________________________D ir e c to r s of p erso n n e l III ___________________E n g in e e r s V I __________________________________

1 9 ,163 18, 529 17, 714 16, 738 18, 577

GS 13 14,409 15, 812

14, 889 16, 339

15,369 16 ,866

15,849 17 ,393

16,329 17 ,920

16,80918,447

17,28918,974

17,769 19,501

1 8 ,249 2 0 ,0 2 8

1 8 ,729 2 0 ,5 5 5

A tto rn ey s V .............. ........... ........................... ...............C h em ists V I I . . ..................... ...........................................C h ief accou n tan ts IV —_____ __________________D ir e c to r s of p erso n n e l IV ___________________

2 3 ,6 8 5 2 2 ,4 7 3 2 0 ,5 8 6 2 0 ,5 8 5 21, 199

2 9 ,421 2 7 ,0 9 2 2 4 ,0 2 0

GS 14 16, 946 18,531

17,511 19, 149

18,076 19 ,767

18,641 2 0 ,3 8 5

1 9 ,206 2 1 ,0 0 3

19,771 2 1 ,621

2 0 ,3 3 6 2 2 ,2 3 9

20,9012 2 ,8 5 7

2 1 ,4 6 62 3 ,4 7 5

22,031 2 4 ,0 9 3

A tto rn ey s V I ________ . ___________________C h e m i s t s VIII _____ ____________ _____ ____ _E n g in e e r s V I I I ________________________________

GS 15 19, 780 2 1 ,5 8 9

2 0 ,4 3 9 22, 309

2 1 ,0 9 82 3 ,0 2 9

2 1 ,7 5 72 3 ,7 4 9

2 2 ,4 1 62 4 ,4 6 9

2 3 ,0 7 5 2 5 ,1 8 9

23, 734 2 5 ,9 0 9

2 4 ,3 9 3 2 6 ,6 2 9

2 5 ,0 5 2 2 7 ,3 4 9

25,711 2 8 ,0 6 9

1 F o r s c o p e of s u r v e y , s ee a p p e n d ix A.2 F i r s t l ine— s a l a r y r a t e s p r o m u l g a t e d by E x e c u t iv e O r d e r 11413 i s s u e d u n d e r the a u th o r i t y of S e c t io n 212 of the F e d e r a l S a l a r y Ac t of 1967

w hich w e r e in e ff ec t in Ju n e 1969, th e r e f e r e n c e da te fo r the BL S s u rv e y ; and s e co n d l in e— s a l a r y r a t e s p r o m u l g a t e d by E x e c u t iv e O r d e r 11474 i s s u e d u n d e r the a u th o r i t y of Se c t io n 212 of t h e F e d e r a l S a l a r y Ac t of 1967 w hich b e c a m e e f f e c t iv e on the f i r s t d a y of the f i r s t pay p e r i o d beg in n ing on o r a f t e r J u ly 1, 1969.

3 F o r d e f in i t i o n s , s ee ap p en d ix C. Due to a r e v i s i o n of the C iv il S e r v i c e C o m m i s s i o n s t a n d a r d s fo r a t t o r n e y p o s i t io n s in th e F e d e r a l S e r v i c e , the n u m b e r of o c c u p a t io n a l l e v e l s s tu d i e d h a s b e e n r e d u c e d f r o m 7 to 6. Th e a t t o r n e y s e r i e s now s p a n s GS 9 -15 r a t h e r th an GS 7 -1 5 a s in 1968. See ap p e n d ix B f o r e x p la n a t io n of c h a n g e s in the a t t o r n e y d e f in i t i o n .

4 S u r v e y find ings a s s u m m a r i z e d in t a b l e 1 of t h i s r e p o r t .5 C o r r e s p o n d i n g g r a d e s in the G e n e r a l S chedu le w e r e su p p l i e d by the U . S . C iv il S e r v i c e C o m m i s s io n .6 Se c t io n 5335 of t i t l e 5 of t h e U .S . Cod e p r o v id e s f o r w i t h i n - g r a d e i n c r e a s e s on c o n d it io n t h a t th e e m p l o y e e ' s w o r k i s of an a c c e p t a b l e l ev e l

of c o m p e t e n c e a s d e fi ned by the h e a d of the a g e n c y . F o r e m p l o y e e s who m e e t t h i s c o n d it io n , the s e r v i c e r e q u i r e m e n t s a r e 52 c a l e n d a r w e e k s e a c h f o r s a l a r y r a t e s 1, 2, and 3; 104 w e e k s e a c h f o r s a l a r y r a t e s 4, 5, a n d 6; a n d 156 w e e k s e a c h fo r s a l a r y r a t e s 7, 8, a n d 9. S e c t io n 5336 p r o v id e s t h a t a n a d d i t i o n a l w i t h in - g r a d e i n c r e a s e m a y be g r a n t e d wi th in any p e r i o d of 52 w e e k s in r e c o g n i t i o n of h igh q u a l i t y p e r f o r m a n c e ab o v e th a t o r d i n a r i l y found in the typ e of p o s i t io n c o n c e r n e d .

U n d e r Se c t io n 5303 of t i t l e 5 of the U .S . Code , h i g h e r m i n i m u m r a t e s (but not e x c e e d in g the m a x i u m s a l a r y r a t e p r e s c r i b e d in the G e n e r a l S chedu le fo r the g r a d e o r l ev e l ) a n d a c o r r e s p o n d i n g new s a l a r y r a n g e m a y be e s t a b l i s h e d fo r p o s i t io n s o r o c c u p a t io n s u n d e r c e r t a i n c o n d i t i o n s . The c o n d i t i o n s in c lu d e a f inding th a t the s a l a r y r a t e s in p r iv a t e i n d u s t r y a r e so s u b s ta n t ia l ly above the s a l a r y r a t e s of the s t a t u to r y pay s c h e d u l e s a s to h a n d ic a p s ig n i f ic a n t ly the G o v e r n m e n t ' s r e c r u i t m e n t o r r e t e n t i o n of w e l l - q u a l i f i e d p e r s o n s . Such s p e c i a l pay s c a l e s have b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d f o r s p e c i f ic g r a d e s o r l e v e l s of c e r t a i n o c c u p a t io n s (in c lud in g a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , c h e m i s t s , and e n g in e e r s ) . I n fo r m a t io n on s p e c i a l h i g h e r pay s c a l e s c u r r e n t l y in e f f ec t , a n d the o c c u p a t i o n s and a r e a s to which th ey a p p ly , m a y be o b ta in ed f r o m the U . S . C iv il S e r v i c e C o m m i s s io n , W a sh in g to n , D . C . 20415, o r i t s r e g i o n a l o f f i c es .


O rder Form

TO:

Superintendent of Documents orU. S. Government Printing O ffice Washington, D. C. 20402

Bureau of Labor Statistics—John F. Kennedy Federal Building,

Government Center, Room 1603-B,Boston, Mass. 02203

341 Ninth A v e ., New York, N. Y. 10001 406 Penn Square Building,

1317 Filbert S t., Philadelphia, Pa. 19107 1371 Peachtree St., NE., Atlanta, Ga. 30309 911 Walnut S t., Kansas City, Mo. 64106 219 South Dearborn S t., Chicago, 111. 60604 337 Mayflower Building

411 North Akard S t., Dallas, Tex. 75201 450 Golden Gate A v e ., Box 36017,

San Francisco, Calif. 94102

Enclosed find $ in czn check or I I money order. Make checks or money orderspayable to the Superintendent o f Documents. (Twenty-five percent discount for bundle order of 100 copies or m ore .)

Please send me copies of bulletins as indicated.

Numberof

copies 1967-68 AREA WAGE SURVEY SUMMARY BULLETINS

Bulletin 1575-87. Wages and Related Benefits. Part I: 85 Metropolitan Areas. 1967-68 (1969).

Consolidates information from the individual area bulletins for surveys made during the period July 1967 to June 1968. Contains average weekly earnings for o ffice o c cupations, average hourly earnings for plant occupations, and establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions by industry division and area. Ptice $1.

Bulletin 1575-87. Wages and Related Benefits, Part II: Metropolitan Areas,United States and Regional Summaries. 1967-68 (1969).

Presents information on occupational earnings, establishment practices, and supplementary wage provisions for all metropolitan areas combined and separately by industry division and region. Also provides analyses of wage differences and trends of occupational earnings. Price $1. 25.


1968-69 AREA WAGE SURVEY BULLETINS:*

Area and payroll period

Akron (July 1 9 6 9 )----------------Albany-Schenectady-Troy

(Mar. 1 9 6 9 ) ---------------------Albuquerque (Apr. 1969)-----Allentown-Be thlehem-Easton

(May 1 96 9 )-----------------------Atlanta (May 1969)--------------Baltimore (Aug. 1969)--------Beaumont-Port Arthur-

Orange (May 1969)------------Binghamton (July 1969)--------Birmingham (Apr. 1 9 6 9 )-----

Boise City (July 1968)----------Boston (Aug. 1969)--------------Buffalo (Nov. 1 96 8 )------------Burlington (Mar. 1969)--------Canton (May 1969)--------------Charleston (Apr. 1969)--------Charlotte (Mar. 1 9 6 9 )--------Chattanooga (Sept. 1969)-----Chicago (Apr. 1969)------------

Cincinnati (Mar. 1 9 6 9 )------Cleveland (Sept. 1 9 6 8 )------Columbus (Oct. 1 96 8 )--------Dallas (Nov. 1968)--------------Davenport-Rock Island-

Moline (Oct. 1 9 6 8 )----------Dayton (Jan. 1969)--------------Denver(Dec. 1968) ------------

Des Moines (Mar. 1969)------Detroit (Jan. 1969)--------------Fort Worth (Nov. 1 9 6 8 )------Green Bay (July 1969)----------Greenville (May 1969)--------Houston (May 1 96 9 )------------Indianapolis (Dec. 1968)----Jackson (Feb. 1 9 6 9 )------------

Jacksonville (Jan. 1969)------Kansas City (Sept. 1969)----Lawrence-Haverhill

(June 1969) -----------------------Little Rock-North Little

Rock (July 1 9 6 9 ) --------------Los Angeles-Long Beach and

Anaheim-Santa Ana- Garden Grove(Mar. 1 9 6 9 ) ---------------------

Louisville (Nov. 1968)--------Lubbock (Mar. 1 9 6 9 )----------Manchester (July 1 9 6 9 ) ------Memphis (Nov. 1968)----------Miami (Dec. 1968)--------------Midland and Odessa

(Mar. 1 9 6 9 ) ...................—Milwaukee (Apr. 1 9 6 9 )------Minneapolis-St. Paul

(Jan. 1 96 9 )-----------------------

BLS Price Numberbulletin (in ofnumber cents) copies

1625-89 35 __1625-56 351625-67 30 —

1625-86 301625-77 351660-11 35 —

1625-75 351660-5 301625-65 35 —

1625-6 351660-16 451625-35 501625-54 351625-73 301625-71 301625-61 301660-9 301625-82 65 —

1625-63 451625-19 501625-24 351625-28 50 —

1625-16 301625-42 351625-39 30 —

1625-62 301625-58 501625-27 351660-8 301625-70 351625-83 451625-40 351625-45 35 —

1625-37 351660-10 35 —

1625-79 30 ___1660-2 30

1625-78 50 —

1625-33 301625-53 301660-3 301625-30 301625-29 35 —

1625-49 251625-66 35 —

1625-47 35

Area and payroll period

Muskegon-Muskegon Heights(May 1 9 6 9 )-----------------------------

Newark and Jersey City(Jan. 1 96 9 )-----------------------------

New Haven (Jan. 1 96 9 )------------New Orleans (Feb. 1969)----------New York (Apr. 1 9 6 9 )--------------Norfolk-Portsmouth and Newport

News- Hampton(June 1968) -----------------------------

Oklahoma City (July 1 96 8 )------

Omaha (Sept. 1969)------------------Paterson- Clifton- Passaic

(May 1 96 9 )-----------------------------Philadelphia (Nov. 1968)----------Phoenix (Mar. 1 9 6 9 ) ----------------Pittsburgh (Jan. 1969)----------------Portland (Maine) (Nov. 1968) —Portland (Oreg. ) (May 1969)-----Provi de nee - Pa wtuck et-

Warwick (May 1 96 9 )--------------

Raleigh (Aug. 1 9 6 9 ) ----------------Richmond (Mar. 1969)--------------Rochester (July 1969)----------------Rockford (May 1 96 9 )----------------St. Louis (Mar. 1969)----------------Salt Lake City (Dec. 1968)------San Antonio (June 1 9 6 9 ) ------—San Bernardino-Riverside-

Ontario (Oct. 1968)----------------

San Diego (Nov. 1968)--------------San Francisco-Oakland

(Oct. 1968)-----------------------------San Jose (Sept. 1968)----------------Savannah (May 1969)----------------Scranton (July 1969)------------------Seattle-Everett (Nov. 1 9 6 8 )-----Sioux Falls (Sept. 1969)------------

South Bend (Mar. 1969)------------Spokane (June 1969)---- -------------Syracuse (July 1969)-----------------Tampa-St. Petersburg

(Aug. 1 9 6 9 ) ---------------------------Toledo (Feb. 1969)-------------------Trenton (Oct. 1968)------------------

Utica-Rome (July 1969) Washington, D. C.

(Sept. 1 96 8 )--------------Waterbury (Mar. 1969) Waterloo (Nov. 1968)--Wichita (Dec. 1968)-----Worcester (May 1969) -York (Feb. 1969) --------Y oungsto w n-Wa rr e n

(Nov. 1968)----------------

BLS Price Numberbulletin (in ofnumber cents) copies

1625-80 30—

1625-46 401625-38 301625-51 351625-88 60

1575-85 301625-9 30 —

1660-12 30

1625-87 351625-48 501625-60 301625-59 351625-20 301625-76 30 —

1625-74 35 __1660-6 301625-69 301660-4 301625-72 301625-64 501625-36 301625-85 35 —

1625-25 40 ___1625-32 30 ___1625-44 351625-21 301625-68 301660-15 301625-43 351660-14 25 —

1625-55 301625-81 301660-13 30 —

1660-7 351625-57 351625-18 35 __

1660-1 30—

1625-22 351625-50 301625-31 351625-41 301625-84 301625-52 30

—

1625-34 30

* Bulletins dated prior to July 1965 were entitled "Occupational Wage Surveys.

Name____________________________________________________________________________________

Address __________________________________________________________________________________

City________________________________________ State_____________________________ ZIP Code

* U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIC E : 1970 O - 375-578Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S

Region I1603-B Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617)

Region II341 Ninth Ave.New York, N. Y. 10001Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)

Region III406 Penn Square Building 1317 Filbert St.Philadelphia, Pa. 19107 Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215)

Regions VII and VIIIFederal Office Building 911 Walnut St. , 10th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)

Region IV Suite 5401371 Peachtree St. NE.A tlanta, Ga. 30309Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)

Regions IX and X450 Golden Gate Ave.Box 36017San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)

Region V219 South Dearborn St.Chicago, 111. 60604Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)

Region VI337 Mayflower Building 411 North Akard St.Dallas, Tex. 75201Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)

* Regions VII and VIII will be serviced by Kansas City. ** Regions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco.


U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORBUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20212

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

T H I R D C L A S S M A I L


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