Bloodborne PathogensBloodborne Pathogens

Universal PrecautionsUniversal Precautions

Bloodborne pathogens: what Bloodborne pathogens: what are they?are they?

• Organisms that live in the blood.Organisms that live in the blood.

• HBV can live up to a week on a dried HBV can live up to a week on a dried surface.surface.

• Most other germs die within several Most other germs die within several seconds.seconds.

Three life threatening diseases Three life threatening diseases that live in the bloodthat live in the blood

• HIVHIV

• AIDSAIDS

• HBV HBV

• Human Human

Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency

VirusVirus

• AIDS –Acquired AIDS –Acquired

Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency

SyndromeSyndrome

• Hepatitis BHepatitis B

Hepatitis B (HBV)Hepatitis B (HBV)

• Hepatitis B virus can last up to a week Hepatitis B virus can last up to a week outside of the body.outside of the body.

• Unlike the other bloodborne pathogen Unlike the other bloodborne pathogen diseases there is a vaccine available diseases there is a vaccine available to prevent you from contracting it.to prevent you from contracting it.

• The Nutley school district offers the The Nutley school district offers the opportunity to get vaccinated. Please opportunity to get vaccinated. Please see the school nurse if you are see the school nurse if you are interested.interested.

A carrier of a bloodborne A carrier of a bloodborne pathogen …pathogen …

• does not always does not always know if they have a know if they have a blood- borne blood- borne pathogen disease.pathogen disease.

• may have flu may have flu symptoms for a symptoms for a couple of weeks couple of weeks that go away and that go away and then the virus lays then the virus lays dormant in their dormant in their body.body.

TransmissionTransmission

• Definition - to cause or allow the spread Definition - to cause or allow the spread of…of…

Routes of transmissionRoutes of transmission

• The infected person’s blood comes in The infected person’s blood comes in contact with the staff member’s blood contact with the staff member’s blood through an opening in his/her skin.through an opening in his/her skin.

• Body fluids of the infected person, torn or Body fluids of the infected person, torn or loose skin, come in contact with the staff loose skin, come in contact with the staff member’s blood. member’s blood.

• Can occur if the staff member has a skin Can occur if the staff member has a skin abrasion, dermatitis, acne, or from contact abrasion, dermatitis, acne, or from contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes, with the mucous membrane of the eyes, nose or mouth.nose or mouth.

How can you protect yourself How can you protect yourself from becoming infected?from becoming infected?

• Guidelines which Guidelines which help you - the help you - the employee - with a employee - with a plan of action to plan of action to protect yourself protect yourself against acquiring against acquiring such a disease.such a disease.

• Universal Universal PrecautionsPrecautions

• A set of guidelines A set of guidelines (29 CFR (29 CFR 1910.1030. 1910.1030. “Occupational “Occupational Hazards to Blood- Hazards to Blood- borne Pathogens”) borne Pathogens”)

Universal PrecautionsUniversal Precautions

• Treat every person Treat every person as though they as though they were potential were potential carriers.carriers.

• EquipmentEquipment

GlovesGloves

GogglesGoggles

MaskMask

GownGown

GlovesGloves

• Gloves are the most Gloves are the most commonly used commonly used barrier of defense.barrier of defense.

• PacketPacket

glovesgloves

4 X 4’s4 X 4’s

E.g. Bloody noseE.g. Bloody nose

Skinned kneeSkinned knee

Hand washingHand washing

• Wash your hands Wash your hands thoroughly with thoroughly with soap and water.soap and water.

• Note: it is the Note: it is the friction you create friction you create by rubbing your by rubbing your hands together hands together that kills the that kills the germs.germs.

You can also prevent yourself You can also prevent yourself from getting infected by not from getting infected by not sharing…sharing…

AIDSAIDS

• Universal Universal Precautions?Precautions?

Can I get AIDS from Kissing Can I get AIDS from Kissing someone?someone?

• No. You can not get No. You can not get AIDS from kissing AIDS from kissing someone but you someone but you can get AIDS from can get AIDS from sexual intercourse.sexual intercourse.

Can I get AIDS from sharing a Can I get AIDS from sharing a glass or some ones fork?glass or some ones fork?

• NO. You can not NO. You can not get AIDS by get AIDS by sharing some ones sharing some ones utensils.utensils.

MaintenanceMaintenance

• If a student should If a student should vomit or you notice vomit or you notice blood on the blood on the furniture or floor call furniture or floor call a custodian.a custodian.

• The custodians The custodians have germicidal have germicidal cleaners that will cleaners that will make the make the environment safe.environment safe.

If you think you have had If you think you have had contact with someone who has contact with someone who has AIDS what should you do?AIDS what should you do?

• Contact your nurse Contact your nurse or doctor. There or doctor. There are tests to see if are tests to see if you have you have contracted the contracted the disease. disease.

How can I prevent myself from How can I prevent myself from getting the disease?getting the disease?

Universal PrecautionsUniversal Precautions – the basics – the basicsContact with blood must be avoided – allow the student to Contact with blood must be avoided – allow the student to take care of the blood him or herself OR create a barrier take care of the blood him or herself OR create a barrier between you and the student’s blood (paper towel, tissue).between you and the student’s blood (paper towel, tissue).All body fluids (except sweat) should be considered All body fluids (except sweat) should be considered potentials for infection. Blood is the major risk for transmission potentials for infection. Blood is the major risk for transmission for the serious bloodborne infections like HIV and Hepatitis B. for the serious bloodborne infections like HIV and Hepatitis B. Contact with urine and stool should be avoided, because Contact with urine and stool should be avoided, because other pathogens (such as CMV, C-diff, or diarrhea causative other pathogens (such as CMV, C-diff, or diarrhea causative agents) can be spread via these fluids. agents) can be spread via these fluids. Saliva and spit and nasal drainage are major ways Saliva and spit and nasal drainage are major ways respiratory viruses are spread. Tears are not a major source respiratory viruses are spread. Tears are not a major source for infection, and sweat is not considered a risk.for infection, and sweat is not considered a risk.

In summary ….In summary ….

• AVOID contact with AVOID contact with anyany body fluids, body fluids, create a barrier if necessary.create a barrier if necessary.

• If you are exposed If you are exposed washwash with soap and with soap and water for 30 seconds or flush the water for 30 seconds or flush the affected body part with water or saline.affected body part with water or saline.

• Always Always reportreport any body fluid contact to any body fluid contact to the school nurse or administrator. the school nurse or administrator.

• Obtain Obtain follow-upfollow-up health care if health care if necessary.necessary.