blood and lymph chapter 16-2 notes. blood the liquid part of blood is plasma the liquid part of...
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Blood and Lymph Chapter 16-2 Notes
Blood
The liquid part of blood is plasma
Made mostly of water
Concept Map – Types of Cells found in blood
Platelets
White Blood Cells
a. Nutrientsb. Chemical Messengersc. Waste Products (CO2,
etc…)
Materials carried in plasma
Job of red blood cells
Bring O2 from lungs to body’s cells and remove CO2
Hemoglobin found in red blood cells
Protein containing iron that bindschemically to oxygen molecules
(hemoglobin + O2 = bright red blood)
White Blood Cells
Fight disease and infection
Differences between white and red blood cells a. Less WBC than RBC
b. WBC are larger than RBC
c. WBC have nuclei
d. WBC live for months to several years (RBC live 120 days)
Platelets a. Pieces of cells b. Form blood clots
How a Blood Clot Forms
Platelets collect and stick to the blood vessel at the site of a wound
A protein called fibrin is produced
Fibrin makes a net to trap platelets and blood cells.
Blood TransfusionsTransfer of blood from one person to another
Karl Landsteiner discovered the 4 blood types
Blood must “match” or it will clump and clog capillaries and could lead to death
Blood Types
Marker molecules on RBC determine blood type and the type you can receive in a transfusion
Blood types and their markers
Blood Type A has an Antigen A marker
Blood Type B has an Antigen B marker
Blood Type AB has both Antigen A and Antigen B markers
Blood Type O has NO antigen markers
12. Can someone with type A get type B blood?
NO!!!Type A contains clumping
proteins (antibodies) that act against cells with B antigens.
Clumping clogs capillaries and can cause death
We’re going to wait a minute for #13
You can put your pencils down for a minute and just listen. This does get confusing so try to pay attention.
All of them - - - A, B, AB, and O
Only type O. Why???
Type O doesn’t have ANY antigens to recognize any of
the other blood type’s antigens.
13. What is the Rh factor?
A protein on red blood cells
Rh+ means you have the protein.
Rh- means that you lack the protein
Match the blood types with the clumping proteins
Match the blood types
B
D
A
C
How do you know???
Lymphatic System
A network of vein-like vessels that returns fluid to the bloodstream (like rain gutters)
What is the fluid in the lymphatic system called?
Lymph
Lymphatic System and Disease
They enlarge when you are sick and filter lymph, which traps bacteria and other disease-causing micro-organisms
More About Blood Types
45% A, B, AB, and O
100%
85% A, AB 44%
100% AB 4%
More About Blood Types
Rare Blood Type
Type AB is the most rare with only 4%
Most common blood type
Type O is the most common but…
But…when you consider the Rh factor…
Why is O the universal donor and AB the universal
receiver?
Type O can donate to all and AB can receive from all
44%
What is the total percentage of the population that has A markers on red blood cells?
15%
What total percentage has B markers?
What is the total percentage of the population that has anti-A clumping proteins?
56%
What % has anti-B clumping proteins?
85%
No. Type AB can receive any type of blood
A patient with type AB blood needs a transfusion, but the hospital has run out of AB blood. Is this a problem?
