blockchain in banking, business and beyond
TRANSCRIPT
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Blockchain: Banking, Business and Beyond
Blockchain: Banking, Business and
Beyond
BLOCKCHAIN:Banking, Business, &
Beyond
Michael NovakDigital Transformation Partners
21 March 2017
Michael NovakDigital Transformation Partners
21 March 2017
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Blockchain:The Short Version…
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Today’s Agenda
Why Blockchain? Why now?Smart Contracts
Blockchain in BusinessFinanceSupply ChainHealthcareGovernment
Blockchain and Beyond
Blockchain:Banking, Business & Beyond
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Why Blockchain? Why Now?
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Blockchain In The News
Is the glue that binds IoT
Could fight voter fraud
Can disrupt Healthcare5 ways
Has potential to revolutionize supply chains
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Blockchain In The News
"[Blockchain] is a very important, new technology that could have implications for the way in which transactions are handled throughout the financial system.
Janet YellinUS Federal ReserveChairwoman
“Bitcoin represents not only the future of payments but also the future of governance”
Dee HockFounder Visa
“Stay away from [Bitcoin]. It's a mirage, basically.”
Warren BuffetCEO Berkshire Hathaway
“When folks really start to step back and think about business processes as a decentralized sport, as a team sport, it completely changes the possibilities of how you do a KYC and AML.”
Jerry CuomoIBM Fellow, VP of Blockchain
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Before 2005
Closed, centralizednetworks
Present Time
Open IoT networks, centralized cloud
Present Time
Open IoT networks, centralized cloud
Why Blockchain? Why Now?
2025 and beyond
Open IoT networks, distributed cloud
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Why Blockchain? Why Now?
Trust - A foundation of commerce and government
6,000 years ago - Gold was universal record of account
15th century - Double entry accounting invented
LedgerLedger
LedgerLedger
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Why Blockchain? Why Now?
2008 - Bitcoin academic paper published– Authored by “Satoshi Nakamoto” (a pseudonym)
– Theorized that online transactions easier and cheaper if parties could transact without external overseers
– First digital asset • No backing or "intrinsic value“
• No centralized soverign issuer or controller
– Solved digital “double-spend” issue
2009 - Bitcoin genesis block created
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Blockchain Definition
“A type of distributed ledger in which value exchange transactions (in
Bitcoin or other token) are sequentially grouped into blocks. Each block
is chained to the previous block and immutably recorded across a
peer-to-peer network, using cryptographic trust and assurance
mechanisms.“Gartner
“An incorruptible digital ledger of economic transactions that can be
programmed to record …virtually everything of value.”Don & Alex Tapscott, “Blockchain Revolution” (2016)
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Blockchain Definition
• A concept
• A transactional database
• A decentralized public ledger
• A technology protocol (e.g. TCP/IP, HTTP)
• Application Areas:– Exchange for assets: physical, intellectual, and digital
• A registry of all things
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Decentralized Payment Network
Bitcoin Miners secure network while processing, validating all transactions
Kate never discloses sensitive financial info in transaction. Merchant doesn't store or secure payment detailsPayment propagated thru network, validated by
Miners. Becomes immutable and permanent record on public blockchain ledger
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Transaction Example - Bitcoin
Kate initiates payment
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Merchant: No chargebacks.Payments are direct.
Bitcoins received and transaction detected by merchant
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Bitcoin vs. Money
Prepared by BTCS.com** = New traits made possible by blockchain 13
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Bitcoin Tether GameCredits Stratis
Ethereum Zcash Stellar Lumens Siacoin
Dash Iconomi ShadowCash SingularDTV
Ripple Factom Lisk Storjcoin X
Litecoin Dogecoin Decred Emercoin
Monero Waves Bytecoin Counterparty
Ethereum Classic Steem Peercoin Bitcrystals
NEM DigixDAO BitShares First Blood
MaidSafeCoin Golem Komodo Byteball
Augur Ardor Nxt Xaurum
Cryptocurrency Ecosystem
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600+ more…
© 2017 CoinMarketCap
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Do You Need Blockchain?
Use Public Blockchain Use Hybrid Blockchain Use Private Blockchain
Do not need Blockchain
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Smart Contracts:Automata as Authority
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Smart Contracts Defined
1996 – Smart Contracts academic paper published– Authored by Nick Szabo (not a pseudonym)
“A set of promises, specified in digital form, including protocols
within which the parties perform on these promises.”
– May include contractual clauses to secure relationships over public networks and make contract breaches expensive or prohibited:
• Collateral
• Bonding
• Delineation of property rights
• Others
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Smart Contract Advantages
PwC Blockchain and smart contract automation 18
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Smart Contract Use CasesSimple To Complex
PwC Blockchain and smart contract automation 19
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Blockchain in Business
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Smart Contract Use Cases
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Digital Identity Records Securities
Trade Finance Derivatives Financial Data Recording
Mortgages Land Title Recording Supply Chain
Auto Insurance Clinical Trials Cancer Research
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BlockchainChanging Many Industries
BlockchainBlockchain
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Prepared by BTCS.com
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Blockchain Use Case:Digital Identity
Enable individuals to own and control digital identity: reputation, data and digital assets
Current Challenges Smart Contract Benefits• KYC / AML expensive and time
consuming processes • Individuals own and control personal
data • Verified by various counterparties
• Limited control over data leakage• Reliance on trusted 3rd parties
• Counterparties do not hold sensitive data
• High liability to safeguard user data
• Single point-of-failure
• Increased compliance, resiliency and interoperability
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Blockchain Use Case:Financial Data Recording
Enable uniform financial data across organizations, improved financial reporting and reduced auditing and assurance costs
Current Challenges Smart Contract Benefits• Accounting systems prone to
fraud, errors• Improved transactional data integrity,
transparency - increased market stability
• Capital intensive processes; duplicate maintenance of infrastructure
• Reduced expenditures • Accounting systems cost-sharing
across multiple organizations
• Significant human capital/ middleware; systems do not always interoperate
• Improved insight into parties’ capital due to increased financial accessibility
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Blockchain Use Case:Supply Chains
Full spectrum visibility as products move from farm/factory, transported, stored, and incorporated into finished products
Current Challenges Smart Contract Benefits• Data capture silos • No motivation to share
information with relevant parties
• Simplification of complex multi-party systems delivery
• Captured data must be similar format to extract values
• Achieve granular-level inventory tracking and delivery assurance
• Incompatibilities in data• Blind spots in tracking goods due
to supply chain silos
• Improved financing, insurance terms and reduced risk
• Determine origin, ownership, and processes components might have undergone
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Blockchain Use Case:Healthcare
Governs medical record access, providing means for auditability and data sharing
Current Challenges Smart Contract Benefits• EHRs never designed to manage
multi-institutional, life time medical records
• Restores comprehensive patient agency over healthcare information empowering citizens to make informed decisions
• Providers, not patients in charge of patient record stewardship
• Records available for longitudinal studies with less overhead than traditional research trials
• HIPAA Privacy Rule inhibits prompt record maintenance
• Health IT may charge above market prices for data exchange interfaces
• Providing patients with comprehensive record review, care, auditability and data sharing
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Blockchain Use Case:Government
Estonia: E-Resident Program– Anyone in the world can apply to become an “e-resident”
– Digital ID card to securely sign digital documents
– Healthcare initiative puts citizens in control of own data
Sweden: Real Estate Transactions– All parties - banks, government, brokers, buyers and sellers able to
track progress of agreement
– Enables instantaneous confirmation of valid transactions with the utmost levels of security and integrity
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Blockchain Use Case:Government
United States Federal Government– Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) released its “responsible
innovation framework”, a policy focused on blockchain startups
Arizona– HB 2417: any "record or contract" secured by a blockchain would be "considered
to be in an electronic format and to be an electronic record“.
New Hampshire– HB 436: exempt virtual currency users from having to register as money service
businesses, and create a formal definition for "virtual currency“.
Delaware– Moving state archival records to an open distributed ledger
– Allowing private companies that incorporate in the state to keep track of all equity issued and shareholder rights
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Blockchain and Beyond
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Blockchain and Beyond
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Blockchain ICO
Initial Coin Offering (ICO) - Crowdfunding (“crowdsale”) applied to cryptocurrency• Cryptocurrency as themed funding mechanism
• Crypto-tokens sold to target audience in exchange for Bitcoins or fiat currency
• Company raises capital to fund product development
• Subscribers own crypto-token shares
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Blockchain ICO - 2016
32Prepared by BTCS.com
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Decentralized Applications( DAPP )
Project Name Activity Centralized Equivalent
• OpenBazaar Buy/sell items locally Craigslist
• LaZooz On-demand ride service Uber, Lyft• Twister Social networking, peer-to-peer microblogging Twitter, Facebook• Gems Social networking, private token-based social
messaging Twitter, SMS apps
• Bitmessage Secure messaging (individual or broadcast) SMS services
• Storj File storage Dropbox, Google Drive
• Onename• BitID• Bithandle
Digital identity verification VeriFone, Verisign, Facebook
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Decentralized Borderless Voluntary Nation ( DBVN )
Bitnation NGO– Powered by Ethereum blockchain
– Holocratic Governance structure allows citizens to create own “Holons”, and invest or donate into Holons, Projects, and different parts of Bitnation infrastructure -depending on their interests
• Example:– Offers victims of crisis an blockchain-based emergency digital ID and a bitcoin
visa card to receive funds from family in absence of a bank account
– ID form generates a QR code which can be used with a cellphone to apply for a Bitcoin Visa Card - accepted throughout Europe and the UK without a bank account
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Blockchain and IoT
Blockchain potential: Economic, large-scale resource allocation and coordination mechanisms
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Blockchain and Beyond
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Venture Capital Landscape (2017Q1)
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Blockchain and Beyond
Consortiums– Finance Services largest focus area (currently)
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Consortium Examples
Blockchain and Beyond
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Summary:Blockchain Strengths
Decentralized No central authority. All nodes have entire blockchain providing redundancy
Consensus New transactions are added only after participant nodes agree that they are valid
Authentication Cryptography and digital signatures prove participants identity
Immutability Data that exists earlier in a blockchain cannot be altered
Uniqueness Transactions are time-stamped, making it possible to audit and verify information
Programmable Smart contract instructions embedded within blocks allow actions to be carried out when conditions are met
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Summary:Blockchain Challenges
No customer protection after verification
Both parties must agree to reverse transactions
Scalability, Size Bitcoin handles 7 tps. VISA network handles 2k/tps, peak of 10k/tps
Blockchain size 126GB, Bitcoin nodes 17k (March 2017)
51% issue If mining pool operator has 51% of network, they would always have “longest blockchain”; decides all new bitcoin destinations.
Govt. Regulation Customary tracking, auditing points to trace consumption of goods and services needs to change.
Regulators (e.g., SEC for public offerings) need to accept, approve blockchain’s use for securitization such as entering, verifying, and protecting data methods
Immaturity Technology still evolving rapidly40
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Blockchain Summary
• A concept
• A transactional database
• A decentralized public ledger
• A technology protocol (e.g. TCP/IP, HTTP)
• Application Areas:– Exchange for assets: physical, intellectual, and digital
• A registry of all things
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All of the Above…and More
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Thank You
www.meetup.com/DC-Emerging-Technologies-DC-EMT-IoT-AI-3D-Printing/
Michael NovakPartnerDigital Transformation Partners
Email: [email protected]: @MisterNova
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Appendix
Blockchain
• “Blockchain Revolution” (2016) by Don & Alex Tapscott
• "Blockchain - Blueprint for a New Economy" (2015) By Melanie Swan, Founder, Institute for Blockchain Studies www.blockchainstudies.org
• BTCS.com - http://www.btcs.com/index.php
• The Blockchain is Still Waiting for its Web, Here is a Blueprint for Getting us There By William Mougayarhttp://startupmanagement.org/2017/01/16/the-blockchain-is-still-waiting-for-its-web-here-is-a-blueprint-for-getting-us-there/
• Blockchain State of Blockchain Consortia By William Mougayar https://www.slideshare.net/wmougayar/state-of-blockchain-consortia-by-william-mougayar-december-2016
• Autonomous Research -http://www.autonomous.com/fintech/d9335db1-bf1a-4ab2-8d1d-a36cb747a6ae
• IBM Blockchain - https://www.ibm.com/blockchain/
• Microsoft Blockchain - https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/solutions/blockchain/
• SAP Blockchain - https://news.sap.com/marketing-blockchain-fair-price-for-customer-data/
• Investopedia -http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/blockchain.asp
Bitcoin
• Bitstocks What is Bitcoin -https://www.bitstocks.com/success/success-what-is-bitcoin
• CoinMarketCap - https://coinmarketcap.com/
• Initial Coin Offering (ICO) -https://cointelegraph.com/explained/ico-explained
• Bitcoin.com - https://www.bitcoin.com/
• Ethereum - https://www.ethereum.org/
• Investopedia -http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bitcoin.asp
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