blockchain-based solutions for identity & access management

With HUGE thanks toDrummond Reed of Evernym forthe DID Primer slides!

B i o m e t r i c I d e n t i t yA s s e r t i o n

V i aS ov r i n B l o c kc h a i n

J o h n R . C a l l a h a nC TO Ve r i d i u m

Identity Evolution

• Centralized Identity– administrative control by a single authority or hierarchy

• Federated Identity– administrative control by multiple, federated authorities

• User-Centric Identity– individual oradministrative control across multiple

authorities without requiring a federation• Self-sovereign identity

– individual control across any number of authorities

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*ChristopherAllen(ThePathtoSelf-SovereignIdentity)http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/2016/04/the-path-to-self-soverereign-identity.html

Self-sovereign identity is…

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Lifetime portable digital identity for any person, organization, or thing that does not depend on any centralized authority and

can never be taken away

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Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs):a new type of globally

resolvable, cryptographically-verifiable identifier registered

directly on a distributed ledger

This is only possible with…

URN Syntax (RFC 8141)

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urn:uuid:ae84-d5c2-9fb785ea-72cd34

Namespace

Scheme

Namespace-Specific Identifier

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did:sov:3k9dg356wdcj5gf2k9bw8kfg7a

Method

Scheme

Method-Specific Identifier

DID Syntax

GeneratedasdefinedbytheparticularDIDmethod

specification

DID Design Goals• Decentralization:DIDarchitectureshouldeliminatetherequirementforcentralizedauthoritiesorsinglepointsoffailure

inidentitymanagement,includingtheregistrationofgloballyuniqueidentifiers,publicverificationkeys,serviceendpoints,andothermetadata.

• Self-Sovereignty:DIDarchitectureshouldgiveentities,bothhumanandnon-human,thepowertodirectlyownandcontroltheirowndigitalidentitieswithouttheneedtorelyonexternalauthorities.

• Privacy:DIDarchitectureshouldenableentitiestocontroltheprivacyoftheirdigitalidentities,includingminimal,selective,andprogressivedisclosureofattributesorotheridentitydata.

• Security:DIDarchitectureshouldenablesufficientsecurityforrelyingpartiestodependonDIDrecordsfortheirrequiredlevelofassurance.

• Proof-based:DIDarchitectureshouldenableanentitytoprovidecryptographicproofofauthenticationandproofofauthorizationrights.

• Discoverability:DIDarchitectureshouldmakeitpossibleforentitiestodiscoverDIDsforotherentitiestolearnmoreaboutorinteractwiththoseentities.

• Interoperability:DIDarchitectureshoulduseinteroperablestandardssoDIDinfrastructurecanmakeuseofexistingtoolsandsoftwarelibrariesdesignedforinteroperability.

• Portability:DIDarchitectureshouldbesystemandnetwork-independentandenableentitys tousetheirdigitalidentitieswithanysystemthatsupportsDIDsandDIDMethods.

• Simplicity:Tomeetthesedesigngoals,DIDarchitectureshouldbe(toparaphraseAlbertEinstein)"assimpleaspossiblebutnosimpler".

• Extensibility:Whenpossible,DIDarchitectureshouldenableextensibilityprovideditdoesnotgreatlyhinderinteroperability,portability,orsimplicity.

7 Source:ChristopherAllen(LifewithAlacrityblog)

DID Layer

The decentralized identity “stack”

Cloud LayerCloudWallet CloudWallet

CloudAgent CloudAgent

Identity Owners

Edge LayerEdgeWallet EdgeWallet

EdgeAgent EdgeAgent

EncryptedP2Pverifiableclaimsexchange

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Method DIDprefixSovrin did:sov:

Bitcoin Reference did:btcr:

Ethereum uPort did:uport:

Veres One did:v1:

IPFS did:ipfs:

IPDB did:ipdb:

Initial DID Method Specs

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{ “Key”: “Value” }

{ “DID”: “DID Doc” }

DID Document (JSON-LD)

Decentralized Identifier

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Source:DanielBuchner(MicrosoftBlockchain Identitylead)https://github.com/decentralized-identity/hubs/blob/master/diagrams/full-system.png

1. DID (i.e., the JSON-LD is self-describing)2. List of public keys (for the owner)3. List of service endpoints (for interaction)4. Access control branch (for key mgmt)5. Timestamps (for audit history)6. Signature (for integrity)

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The primary elements of a DID doc

Minimal self-managed DID Document

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Source:https://msporny.github.io/did-spec/

Basic delegate-managed DID Document

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Source:https://msporny.github.io/did-spec/

IEEE2410BiometricOpenProtocolStandard(BOPS)(2017version)

V E R I D I U M I D E N R O L L M E N T

V E R I D I U M I D E N R O L L M E N T

did:method:abcdef1234567890

IdentityAssertion(BOPS2)

V E R I D I U M I D A U T H E N T I C AT I O N

did:method:abcdef1234567890

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The new format for interoper-able digital credentials being defined by the W3C Verifiable

Claims Working Group

Verifiable claims are…

Holder

Wallet

Issuer VerifierIssues

VerifiableClaims

PresentsVerifiableClaims

DecentralizedIdentifiers(DIDs)

BlockchainorotherDecentralizedNetwork

W3C Verifiable Claims Ecosystem

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A public permissioned ledger designed exclusively to operate as a global public utility for DIDs and verifiable claims exchange

Bitcoin,Ethereum,

IOTA

Permissionless Permissioned

Public

Private

Validation

Access

Hyperledger Sawtooth*

Sovrin,IPDB

Hyperledger (Fabric, Sawtooth, Iroha),

R3 Corda,CU Ledger

Blockchain governance models

*inpermissionless mode

Governance: The Sovrin Foundation

• International non-profit foundation– http://www.sovrin.org/

• Board of Trustees – currently 12 members– Governs the Sovrin Trust Framework– Sets policy for selecting stewards

• Technical Governance Board – currently 8 members– Governs the Sovrin open source code– Sets the tech policies implemented in code

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SovrinValidator Pool

SovrinObserver Pool

Edge Agents & Edge Wallets

Cloud Agents& Cloud Wallets

Logical Overview of the Sovrin Network

Distributed agent layer for private off-ledger

P2P comms

Secure exchange of verifiable claims between any two agents

DID

DIDDoc

Richtreeofcontextual,verifiableclaimsbehind

aprivateserviceendpoint

Anydistributedledger

SSI

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DID Specification LinksImplementer’s Draft 01 November 21 2016

Implementers: please send feedback!

Currentversion https://opencreds.github.io/did-spec/

Github Issues https://github.com/w3c-ccg/did-spec/issues/

Discussion Forumshttps://w3c-ccg.github.io/http://forum.sovrin.org/c/technical/did

• W3C Verifiable Claims Working Group– https://www.w3.org/2017/vc/charter.html

• Sovrin White Papers– https://sovrin.org/library/

• Sovrin Trust Framework– https://sovrin.org/trust-framework/

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Other Links

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WorkontheDIDspecificationhasbeenfundedinpartbyaSmallBusinessInnovationResearch(SBIR)grantfromtheU.S.DepartmentofHomelandSecurity

ScienceandTechnologyDirectorate.

ThecontentofthisspecificationdoesnotnecessarilyreflectthepositionorthepolicyoftheU.S.Government

andnoofficialendorsementshouldbeinferred.