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Abdomen MCQ’s
Block 1
1. The abdominal organs protected by the
thoracic cage are:
A. Liver
B. Spleen
C. Part of the kidneys
D. Stomach
E. Part of the pancreas
2. The greater pelvis supports and partly
protects the following abdominal viscera:
A. Part of the kidneys
B. Cecum
C. Part of the ileum
D. Appendix
E. Sigmoid colon
3. When the patient is recumbent (supine or prone), the transpyloric plane
commonly transects:
A. The pylorus
B. Hilum of the spleen
C. Duodenojejunal junction
D. Neck of pancreas
E. Fundus of gallbladder
4. When the patient is recumbent (supine or prone), the transpyloric plane
commonly transects:
A. The cardial orifice
B. The hila of the kidneys
C. The root of the transverse mesocolon
D. Origin of the portal vein
E. Origin of the superior mesenteric artery
5. The transumbilical plane is passing
through the following structures:
A. Intervertebral disc between the L3 and L4
vertebrae
B. Umbilicus
C. Inferior border of the 10th costal cartilage
on each side
D. The L1 vertebra
E. Iliac tubercles
6. The parietal peritoneum is sensitive to
the following:
A. Laceration
B. Chemical irritation
C. Cold
D. Heat
E. Pressure
7. The visceral peritoneum is sensitive to
the following:
A. Touch
B. Cold
C. Stretching
D. Chemical irritation
E. Heat
8. The lesser omentum connects the
following structures:
A. The lesser curvature of the stomach
B. The proximal part of the duodenum
C. The spleen
D. The liver
E. The pancreas
9. The liver is connected to the:
A. Inferior surface of the diaphragm by the hepatophrenic ligament
B. Duodenum by the hepatoduodenal ligament
C. Spleen by the hepatosplenic ligament
D. Stomach by the hepatogastric ligament
E. Anterior abdominal wall by the
falciform ligament
10. The stomach is connected to the:
A. Duodenum by the gastroduodenal ligament
B. Spleen by the gastrosplenic ligament
C. Inferior surface of the diaphragm by the gastrophrenic ligament
D. Transverse colon by the gastrocolic ligament
E. Anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament
11. The transverse mesocolon divides the abdominal cavity into:
A. Supracolic compartment
B. Left infracolic space
C. Infracolic compartment
D. Right infracolic space
E. Paracolic gutters
12. The right paracolic gutter is a groove
between the following structures:
A. Lateral aspect of the descending colon
B. The posterolateral abdominal wall
C. The inferior aspect of the transverse
colon
D. Lateral aspect of the ascending colon
E. The anterior abdominal wall
13. The supracolic compartment contains
the following organs:
A. Jejunum
B. Liver
C. Spleen
D. Stomach
E. Kidneys
14. The infracolic compartment contains
the following organs:
A. Liver
B. Descending colon
C. Kidneys
D. Small intestine
E. Ascending colon
15. The boundaries of the omental foramen
are:
A. Anteriorly: the hepatoduodenal ligament
B. Anteriorly: the free edge of the lesser
omentum
C. Inferiorly: the ascending part of
duodenum
D. Superiorly: the liver
E. Posteriorly: the inferior vena cava and the
right crus of diaphragm
16. The esophagus is a muscular tube that
conveys food from ________ to the
________.
A. Larynx
B. Duodenum
C. Pharynx
D. Diaphragm
E. Stomach
17. The constrictions of the esophagus
include:
A. Cervical constriction
B. Diaphragmatic constriction
C. Cardial constriction
D. Thoracic constriction
E. Pyloric constriction
18. The independent movement of the
diaphragm and esophagus during respiration
and swallowing is permitted by the
following structure:
A. The broad ligament of the uterus
B. The phrenico-esophageal ligament
C. The round ligament of the liver
D. The lesser omentum
E. The greater omentum
19. The cardial notch is situated between
the following structures:
A. Fundus of stomach
B. Lesser curvature of stomach
C. Omental bursa
D. Right border of abdominal esophagus
E. Left border of abdominal esophagus
20. The esophagogastric junction lies:
A. At the level of the Z-line
B. To the right of the T10 vertebra
C. To the left of the T11 vertebra
D. On the horizontal plane that passes
through the tip of the xyphoid process
E. Approximately 15 cm from the incisor
teeth
21. The submucosal veins of the abdominal
part of the esophagus drain into:
A. Superior mesenteric vein
B. Esophageal veins
C. Inferior phrenic veins
D. Left gastric vein
E. Inferior vena cava
22. The stomach has the following parts:
A. Pyloric part
B. Fundus
C. Body
D. Cardia
E. Ascending part
23. The pyloric part of the stomach
includes:
A. Pyloric canal
B. Angular incisure
C. Cardial notch
D. Pylorus
E. Pyloric antrum
24. The bed of the stomach is formed by:
A. Spleen
B. Diaphragm
C. Left suprarenal gland
D. Left kidney
E. Transverse colon
25. Most blood is supplied to the stomach
along the greater curvature by the following
arteries:
A. Right and left gastro-epiploic arteries
B. Right and left gastric arteries
C. Right and left gastro-omental arteries
D. Short gastric arteries
E. Superior and inferor mesenteric arteries
26. The lymph from the stomach drains
into the following lymph node groups:
A. Posterior mediastinal
B. Gastric
C. Pyloric
D. Lumbar
E. Pancreaticoduodenal
27. The distribution of the celiac trunk
includes:
A. Stomach
B. Liver/biliary apparatus
C. Proximal duodenum
D. Esophagus
E. Jejunum
28. The distribution of the splenic artery
includes:
A. Body of pancreas
B. Greater curvature of stomach
C. Spleen
D. Esophagus
E. Posterior stomach
29. The distribution of the left gastric
artery includes:
A. Greater curvature of stomach
B. Gall bladder
C. Spleen
D. Distal esophagus
E. Lesser curvature of stomach
30. The distribution of the hepatic artery
includes:
A. Gallbladder
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Stomach
E. Spleen
31. The duodenojejunal flexure (junction)
occurs at the level of:
A. L2 vertebra
B. S2 vertebra
C. Xiphoid process
D. Transtubercular plane
E. T11 vertebra
32. The duodenal ampulla can be
described:
A. Has a mesentery
B. The first 2 cm of the superior part of
duodenum
C. Is mobile
D. Is bare of peritoneum posteriorly
E. Curves around the head of pancreas
33. The proximal segment of the superior
part of the duodenum has attached the
following peritoneal formations:
A. Transverse mesocolon
B. Greater omentum
C. Hepatoduodenal ligament
D. Duodenosplenic ligament
E. Mesogastrium
34. The descending part of duodenum has
the following features:
A. Is entirely retroperitoneal
B. Initially, it lies to the right and parallel to
the inferior vena cava
C. Curves around the head of pancreas
D. The bile and main pancreatic ducts enter
its postero-medial wall
E. Passes over the inferior vena cava, aorta,
and L3 vetebra
35. The inferior part of duodenum has the
following features:
A. Posteriorly it is separated from the
vertebral column by the left psoas major
muscle
B. It is crossed by the superior mesenteric
artery and vein
C. It is crossed by the root of mesentery of
the jejunum and ileum
D. Passes over the inferior vena cava, aorta
and L3 vertebra
E. Posteriorly it is separated from the
vertebral column by the right testicular or
ovarian vessels
36. The ascending part of duodenum has
the following features:
A. It is crossed by the superior mesenteric
vessels
B. It curves anteriorly at the inferior border
of the body of pancreas
C. The bile and main pancreatic ducts enter
its postero-medial wall
D. Posteriorly it is separated from the
vertebral column by the inferior vena cava
E. Runs superiorly and along the left side of
the aorta
37. The gastroduodenal artery has the
following branches:
A. Splenic
B. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
C. Superior pancreaticoduodenal
D. Right gastro-omental
E. Right gastroepiploic
38. The veins of the duodenum drain into
the following veins:
A. Hepatic veins
B. Hepatic portal vein
C. Splenic vein
D. Inferior mesenteric vein
E. Superior mesenteric vein
39. The lymphatic vessels of the duodenum
drain into the following lymph node groups:
A. Ileocolic
B. Pancreaticoduodenal
C. Pyloric
D. Inferior mesenteric
E. Superior mesenteric
40. The posterior relationships of the
superior part of duodenum include:
A. Hepatic portal vein
B. Bile duct
C. Gastroduodenal artery
D. Inferior vena cava
E. Hepatic veins
41. The anterior relationships of the
superior part of duodenum include:
A. Peritoneum
B. Quadrate lobe of liver
C. Bile duct
D. Gall bladder
E. Transverse colon
42. The posterior relationships of the
descending part of duodenum include:
A. Bile duct
B. Renal vessels
C. Right ureter
D. Left psoas major muscle
E. Hilum of right kidney
43. The anterior relationships of the
descending part of duodenum include:
A. Transverse mesocolon
B. Bile duct
C. Small intestine coils
D. Right ureter
E. Transverse colon
44. The anterior relationships of the
inferior part of duodenum include:
A. Coils of small intestine
B. Head of pancreas
C. Superior mesenteric vein
D. Gallbladder
E. Superior mesenteric artery
45. The posterior relationships of the
inferior part of duodenum include:
A. Renal vessels
B. Inferiorvena cava
C. Aorta
D. Right ureter
E. Right psoas major muscle
46. The anterior relationships of the
ascending part of duodenum include:
A. Bile duct
B. Body of pancreas
C. Coils of jejunum
D. Beginning of root of mesentery
E. Head of pancreas
47. The posterior relationships of the
ascending part of duodenum include:
A. Head of pancreas
B. Left psoas major muscle
C. Left margin of aorta
D. Right ureter
E. Right margin of inferior vena cava
48. The root of mesentery crosses the
following structures:
A. Ascending part of duodenum
B. Left ureter
C. Abdominal aorta
D. Inferior part of duodenum
E. Inferior vena cava
49. The root of mesentery extends between
the following structures:
A. Ileocolic junction
B. Pylorus
C. Right sacro-iliac joint
D. Duodenojejunal junction
E. Left side of L2 vertebra
50. Lacteals are:
A. Located in the intestinal villi
B. Tiny projections of the mucous
membrane of the colon
C. Specialized lymphatic vessels
D. Absorbing fat
E. Draining into lymphatic vessels between
the layers of the mesocolon
51. Within the mesentery, the lymph passes
sequentially through the following groups of
lymph nodes:
A. Juxta-intestinal
B. Mesenteric
C. Superior central
D. Celiac
E. Gastric
52. The distinguishing characteristics of
jejunum and ileum in living body include:
A. Wall thickness
B. Lymphoid nodules (Peyer patches)
C. Embryological origin
D. Vascularity
E. Color
53. The large intestine includes:
A. Appendix
B. Rectum
C. Anal canal
D. Transverse colon
E. Ileum
54. The large intestine can be distinguished
from the small intestine by:
A. Lymphoid nodules (Peyer patches)
B. Teniae coli
C. Haustra
D. Color
E. Omental apendices
55. The marginal artery (juxtacolic artery)
is the result of the anastomoses between the
following arteries:
A. Right colic
B. Celiac trunk
C. Left colic
D. Sigmoid
E. Ileocolic
56. The following arteries are direct
branches of the superior mesenteric artery:
A. Ileocolic
B. Middle colic
C. Left colic
D. Right colic
E. Jejunal
57. The following arteries are direct
branches of the inferior mesenteric artery:
A. Appendicular
B. Superir rectal
C. Sigmoid
D. Right gastric
E. Left colic
58. The following segments of the large
intestine occupy a secondarily
retroperitoneal position:
A. Appendix
B. Sigmoid colon
C. Descending colon
D. Cecum
E. Ascending colon
59. The sigmoid colon extends from
_________ to ________, where it joins the
rectum.
A. Iliac fossa
B. Subcostal plane
C. Transpyloric plane
D. T11 vertebra
E. S3 vertebra
60. The root of the sigmoid mesocolon
comes in relation with the following
structures:
A. Anterior aspect of sacrum
B. Abdominal aorta
C. Bifurcation of the left common iliac
vessels
D. Left ureter
E. Left external iliac vessels
61. The rectum is continuous with the
sigmoid colon at the level of:
A. S3 vertebra
B. T12 vertebra
C. L3 vertebra
D. T11 vertebra
E. L1 vertebra
62. The relations of the spleen include:
A. Inferiorly, the left colic flexure
B. Anteriorly, the stomach
C. Posteriorly, the diaphragm
D. Medially, the left kidney
E. Superiorly, the stomach
63. The peritoneal formations attached to
the splenic hilum are:
A. Lesser omentum
B. Mesentery
C. Splenorenal ligament
D. Gastrosplenic ligament
E. Greater omentum
64. The course of the splenic artery
includes:
A. Posterior to the bare area of the liver
B. Posterior to the omental bursa
C. Along the lesser curvature of the stomach
D. Anterior to the left kidney
E. Along the superior border of pancreas
65. The pancreatic head rests posteriorly on
the following structures:
A. Right renal artery
B. Left renal vein
C. Right renal vein
D. Abdominal aorta
E. Inferior vena cava
66. The posterior surface of the neck of
pancreas comes in relation with:
A. Superior mesenteric vein
B. Peritoneum
C. Pylorus
D. Junction of the inferior mesenteric vein
and splenic vein
E. Superior mesenteric artery
67. The body of the pancreas lies anterior
to the following structures:
A. Inferior vena cava
B. Left kidney
C. Superior mesenteric artery
D. Left renal vessels
E. Aorta
68. The following structures are located
between the layers of the splenorenal
ligament:
A. Splenic artery
B. Splenic vein
C. Lesser curvature of stomach
D. Tail of pancreas
E. Caudate lobe of liver
69. The smooth muscle sphincters that
control the flow of bile and pancreatic juice
into the hepatopancreatic ampulla and
prevent reflux of duodenal content into the
ampulla are:
A. Hepatopancreatic sphincter
B. Pyloric sphincter
C. Sphincter of the pancreatic duct
D. Oddi sphincter
E. Sphincter of the bile duct
70. The hepatorenal recess lies between the
following structures:
A. Right kidney
B. Right suprarenal gland
C. Left kidney
D. Visceral surface of the liver
E. Left suprarenal gland
71. The anterior (upper) layer of the
coronary ligament is continuous with the
following peritoneal formations:
A. Ligamentum venosum
B. Triangular ligaments
C. Round ligament
D. Falciform ligament
E. Lesser omentum
72. The posterior layer of the coronary
ligament is continuous with the following
peritoneal formations:
A. Round ligament
B. Triangular ligaments
C. Lesser omentum
D. Falciform ligament
E. Greater omentum
73. The areas of the visceral surface of the
liver not covered by peritoneum include:
A. Renal impression
B. Fossa for gallbladder
C. Gastric impression
D. Porta hepatis
E. Caudate lobe
74. The right sagittal fissure on the visceral
surface of the liver is formed by:
A. Fissure for the round ligament
B. Fissure for the ligamentum venosum
C. Fossa for the gallbladder
D. Groove for the inferior vena cava
E. Porta hepatis
75. The left sagittal fissure on the visceral
surface of the liver is formed by:
A. Fissure for the ligamentum venosum
B. Porta hepatis
C. Groove for the inferior vena cava
D. Fissure for the round ligament
E. Fossa for the gallbladder