Answer Key

Chapter 32, Form BCHAPTER TEST

Part 1: Main Ideas

(4 points each)

1. c 6. o2. i 7. a3. n 8. b4. f 9. j5. d 10. m

Part 2: Map Skills

(items 11–15, 2 points each; items 16–17,5 points each)

11. b12. b13. c14. d15. a16. If Ford had won Ohio’s 25 electoral

votes and Rhode Island’s 4 electoralvotes, he would have become presi-dent with 269 electoral votes toCarter’s 268.

17. The electoral vote chart reflects per-centages only for Carter and Fordbecause all electoral votes of a statego to the candidate with the highestnumber of popular votes and nominor party candidate had the mostvotes in any state.

Part 3: Interpreting Charts

(items 18–22, 2 points each; items 23–24,5 points each)

18. b19. c20. d21. b22. b23. In all four categories shown in the

chart, state and local governmentgrew more than federal government.

24. New Federalism was Nixon’s plan toshift power and responsibility fromfederal government to state and localgovernment. The chart shows thatstate and local government grewmore rapidly than federal governmentin the period surrounding his presi-dency.

Part 4: Extended Response

(10 points each)

25. Complete answers should include thefollowing points: Carter failed to offeran effective plan to deal with thenation’s energy crisis. Inflationincreased at a double-digit rate andthe nation’s standard of livingdropped from first to fifth place inthe world. Carter’s commitment tohuman rights in foreign policy led toa breakdown in relations with theSoviet Union. This reversed the poli-cy of détente that Nixon and Fordhad pursued. Carter agreed to give upthe Panama Canal, which was anunpopular decision. He also failed toobtain the immediate release ofAmerican hostages in Iran, whichmade the United States look weak inthe eyes of the world.

26. Complete answers should include thefollowing points: At the time Nixontook office, the executive branch wasvery powerful, and Nixon tried toextend its powers even further.During Watergate, the free press wasable to investigate crimes committedby powerful political figures and pub-lish their findings. Members ofCongress were in the process of gath-ering articles of impeachment againstPresident Nixon when he resigned.The courts demanded that Nixon turnover his tapes of White House con-versations. Watergate ultimatelyproved the strength of the Americansystem of government. It proved thatno one, not even the president, isabove the law. The Constitution pro-tects the rights of Americans to inves-tigate their leaders’ actions and toremove leaders who break the law.When a president is removed fromoffice, the Constitution outlines aclear procedure for transferringpower to a new president.