biotechnological methods in animal production peter chrenek [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
Biotechnological methods in animal production
Peter [email protected]
Introduction• Modern biotechnology has emerged in the last
two-three decades and it utilizes cells and biomolecules for the application in medicine, agriculture and protection of the environment.
• In Agriculture - Transgenesis - Nuclear transfer (cloning)
- Cell culture and Tissue Ingeneering
- Recombinant DNA
IntroductionAnimal Biotechnology
- Genetic – genetic markers - genomic
- Biodiversity – genetic resources
- Nutrition – nutrigenomic
- Welfare- Reproduction – artificial insemination
- embryotransfer
- cryopreservation
- transgenesis „GMO“
Animal Biotechnology in ReproductionTransgenesis
1) basic research (early detection of integration and expression, targeted integration,....)
2) production of pharmaceutic (recombinant) substances
3) increase milk, meat production (yield) and health of animals
4) in animal nutrition
5) xenotransplantations
6) production of cloned transgenic embryos (HYBRID EMBRYOS) – possiblility to isolate and use of embryonic stem cells (BIOMEDICAL PURPOSE)
Animal Biotechnology in ReproductionTransgenesis
1) Early detection of targeted gene integration and expression, targeted integration,EGFP, ....)
Animal Biotechnology in ReproductionTransgenesis
Rabbit milk obtained by use of electrical device for milking and is drained into a collection
container. Female of weight 4-5 kg produces ¼ liter of milk daily. Rabbit milk has a high fat
content.
2) Production of pharmaceutic (recombinant) substances
Animal Biotechnology in reproduction – Transgenesis
2) Production of pharmaceutic (recombinant) substances
Zhao Sihai et al., 2009
recombinant protein Use authors
h alpha1-antitrypsin emohysema Massoud et al., 1990
h IL-2 ? Buhler et al., 1990
h tPA thrombosis Reigo et al., 1993
h erythropoietin anemia Rodriguez et al., 1995
h IGF-1 GH deficiency Brem et al., 1994
h ESDM ischemia Stormqvist et al., 1997
h GH GH deficiency Hammer et al., 1985
h alpha-glucuronidase glycogen Bijvoet et al., 1999
salmon calcitonin osteoporosis McKee et al., 1998
eCG ? Galet, 2001
h NGF-beta neuropathy Coulibaly et al., 1999
h PC hPC defficiency Chrenek et al., 2002
hFVIII hemophilia Chrenek et al., 2003
hFVIII hemophilia Hiripi et al., 2003
bochymosin cheese production Brem et al., 1995
Animal Biotechnology in Reproduction – Transgenesis
Transgenic rabbits
Production and use of GM animals
3) Increase milk and meat production (yield) and animal health
Belgian blue cattle – natural mutation of gene for myostatin
ttp:www.hemmy.net/images/animals/supercow01.jpg
'Mighty mice'Comparison of body size and anatomical conformation between normal mouse (left) and genetically modified mouse with absence of myostatin and overproduction of follistatin (right).
Block out the gene for myostatin – double muscling of farm animals
Zdroj: http://technet.idnes.cz/gmo-zvirata-vepr-prasata-0xo-/veda.aspx?c=A150704_224211_veda_mla
Animal Biotechnology in reproduction - Transgenesis
3) Increase milk and meat production (yield) and animal health
GM salmonup: a transgenic salmon is much
bigger than normal individual at the same age of 18 months.
down: fish size will equal at 36 months.
Animal Biotechnology in Reproduction - Transgenesis 5) xenotransplantations
Pigs could be a source of new organs.
In pig cells was detected a porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV),
which is one from more reasons, why people are so skeptical about
xentortansplantation.
http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/uploads/pics/jamil1
Animal Biotechnology in Reproduction – Nuclear transfer 6) production of transgenic embryonic stem cells
Cloning
Blastocyst Embryoblast
Cloning (therapeutic a reproductive)Cloning (therapeutic a reproductive)Hybrid embryos Hybrid embryos
- oocyte from cattle and human somatic transgenic cell- oocyte from cattle and human somatic transgenic cell - oocyte from rabbit and human somatic transgenic cell- oocyte from rabbit and human somatic transgenic cell
Embryonic stem cells
Animal Biotechnology in reproduction – Cell culture embryonic stem cells
Pluripotent – ability to differentiate into all types of cells, tissues and organs
Thank you for your attention