biometric: an e-authentication system trends and … · different characteristics, which may vary...

BIOMETRIC: AN e-AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM TRENDS AND

FUTURE APLLICATION 1Mohammed Rahmat Ali

1Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Royal Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad

ABSTRACT:

For the past years it has been the establishment of a new area of science and engineering and

is likely to create a market in the near future. The BIOMETRIC the new area intends to build

devices that would allow the identification of a person on the basis of the uniqueness of

properties of biological matter like the voice, and the dynamics of movements, facial features

and other parts of the body, the eye and the retina or iris pattern. The human tendency has

different characteristics, which may vary from one to another.

Biometric is essentially a pattern recognition, which recognize by determining the

authenticity of a specific physiological or behavioral characteristic possessed by the user. It

considers the many important issues in the design verification of practical identity system.

First, the user must be in the system registry so that it can capture a biometric template. This

template is stored in a central database or smart card issued to the user base. Template is

retrieved when an individual needs to be identified. Depending on the context, the system can

verify the identity of either working in the verification (authentication) or a definition.

Current application of biometric authentication now has entered control through unique ID.

The most obvious use of biometrics is for network security is to secure desktop login to a

workstation connected to the network. The use of biometric security system will replace the

current password/PIN and pattern recognition system. The biometric authentication is used

most commonly in the past few years. Many parties and institution including the international

companies are adding features of biometric authentication to their products.

There are many advantages and similar disadvantages to biometrics which should be

considered. The advantages are high level of security, it offers when compared to the

conventional method, the uniqueness of biometric attributes that they can be the ideal user for

authentication, the problems relating to passwords and forgot password and password

recovery can be avoided and lastly biometric characteristic cannot be stolen and cannot be

changed. So the disadvantages are the dangers of biometric data an individual can be

exploited, and there are special cases in speech recognition where individual access is limited

due to changes in characteristics due biometrics etc. the second disadvantage is the bio metric

devices should always be connected to the internet to update the data and values time to time

which at present scenario is difficult, thirdly bio metric for thumb will not recognize as the

age factor is been considered.

INTRODUCTION

Biometrics is an automated ways to recognize a person based on a physiological or

behavioral characteristic. Among the features that have been measured are Face, fingerprints,

hand geometry and iris, retina, signature, and sound. Biometric technologies have become the

basis of a wide range of highly secure identification and personal verification solutions.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE)

IJSRE July, Vol (1), Issue (7) www.ijsre.in

Biometric based applications are capable of providing confidential financial transactions and

privacy of personal data.

HISTORY AND NEED TO DEVELOP OF BIO METRIC TECHNOLOGY

Humans always have been security concerned and have adopted different security measures

at different stages of technology and trends. Humans always wanted something more secure

and unique which just can be encoded and decoded only by individual. Many different

technologies emerged for security and authentication are card swipe, PIN, password, OTP are

one of its type.

Problems with current security systems based on passwords or identity are cards can be lost,

Possible to forget, in worse It could be stolen and used by the thief / intruder to gain access to

data, security questions.

Some statistics about user / passwords are, Telesis study group SCB (CA), a California-based

company provider of financial services, which manages $ 1.2 billion of assets. States that, a

team led for the operation of password cracker as part of the security check wanted to know

whether the user are following the security measure in password, but within 30 seconds of

time could trace about 80% of the passwords.

Problems with current security system is that, we have multiple accounts/passwords, We can

only remember some, so we end up using things we know to create them (birthdays,

wife/girlfriends name, dog, cat…). It is easy to crack passwords, because most of our

passwords are weak. If we create strong passwords (that should be meaningless to us) we will

forget them. And there is no way to remember multiple such passwords

HOW ACTUALLY IT WORKS

Biometric works on the principal of individual identity and its unique characteristics. It is

based either on one’s finger print retina, iris, pulse rate and hand print. Modern world tends to

move toward biometric as its more secure than the conventional system of security of

passwords, PIN and OTP’s. The Uniqueness about the technology is its uses the unique

identification code to access the information and there might be less chances of data getting

misused. Many of the firms irrelevant to nature of work are using biometric as a part of the

organization. Bank are using the biometric for the transaction purpose, IT people are using it

for daily attendance update and governmental and private educational institutions and

universities are applying to their students and faculty. Competitive examination and

government oriented examination are conducted based on bio metrics.



Biometric systems can be complicated, but they all use the same three steps:

Identification: The first time you use the biometric system, it records basic information

about you, such as your name or identification and allots a unique number. And then take

a picture or record a specific feature.

Storage: In reference to what you may see in the electronic means, most of the systems

do not store or record the full picture. They instead feature analysis and translate into

codes or graphs. Some systems also record the data on a smart card that you carry with

you something like a credit card or debit card.

Comparison: The very next time you use the system, it compares your features to get the

information about the file. Then, it will either accept or reject based on the access.

The number of global biometric smart phone users raised to 471M in 2017, up from last

year's 43.23M. (Source: Biometrics Go Mobile: overview of the market). According to

source, 35% of mobile devices will use biometric authentication by 2017.

Biometric authentication seems to be an absolute must to have in the near future for the

banks, especially if we consider how mobile banking is getting popular. It seems to be a

breakthrough when we consider the future of mobile applications. If desire of banks a to

remain competitive, it should enhance the expectations of customers and their expectations.



However, the basic idea is to combine innovation with care "comfort and payments" for the

safety of customers.

APPLICATION:

Biometrics is a technology which has evolved rapidly and is being used widely in forensic

medicine, such as criminal identification and security of prisoners, which has the potential

to be used in wide range of civil application areas.

Biometrics can be used to prevent unauthorized access to ATMs, cellular phones, smart

cards, desktop PCs, workstations, and computer networks.

It can be used during transactions conducted via telephone and the Internet (e-commerce

and banking online).

In the automotive, biometrics can replace keys replaced with Keyless entry.

WHO ARE PRESENTLY USING IT

Government passports, national identity (ID) cards, voter cards, driving licenses, social

services, and so on

Airport, boarding passes, and licensed commercial driving in

Health care cards, medical insurance cards, patient / employee identity

Bank cards, and ATM cards, credit cards and debit cards

Security control, access and identity verification, including time and attendance

Education-Student / teacher verification of identity and access control. It is currently

being implemented biometrics in ID systems on a large scale worldwide.

ADVANTAGES

Biometrics cannot be lost, stolen or forgotten. Barring diseases or serious physical injury,

the biometric is consistent and permanent.

It is also secure in biometric itself which cannot be socially engineered, shared or used by

others.

There is no requirement to remember passwords, or PINs, thus eliminating an overhead

cost. The biometric is always available to an individual only.

Coupled with a smart card, biometrics security is strong assurance on any smart card

provided.

Biometric system provides a high degree of confidence in the user's identity.



Organizations implements to identify and avoid having log-on to the system manually.

DISADVANTAGES:

Lack of standardization

While continuing reliability and accuracy of biometric devices are improving.

One must be able to accommodate changes to the biometric over time, which may be

caused by aging, burns, illness or injury biometric systems.

The accuracy of process in collecting the samples is strongly influenced by environmental

conditions and by user training to ease of use. For example, lighting, trends and facial

expression, accuracy and clarity of the image and wear hats that can affect the quality of

the sample.

CONCLUSION:

Biometrics can only be limited by reducing the fantasy one. Now is the use of biotechnology

in almost every field. It is being used not only that, but different types of biometric systems to

achieve different functions. We chose a few applications that are popular of biometrics

technology. Although this list is not complete, but the way is just to try to incorporate a few

of the most popular biometric applications. Technology is growing rapidly, but at the same

time security breaches and transaction fraud also increased in all parts of the world. All

agencies, including libraries that are in need of security and safety must be based biometrics.

Let's hope in a safe and secure future.

REFERENCE

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometric_points

2. http://azhar-paperpresentation.blogspot.in/2010/04/biometrics-in-various-feild.html

3. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/50288/11/14_conclusion.pdf

4. http://biometrics.pbworks.com/w/page/14811349/Advantages%20and%20disadvantages

%20of%20technologies

5. https://www.slideshare.net/prabhjeet946/biometric-security-advantages-and-

disadvantages



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