Biomedical Engineering

MQP Fair

February 25, 2010

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

How do I find an awesome MQP?

ATTEND: BME Department MQP Fair

Thursday, Feb. 25, 2010

Goddard Hall 227, 5:30 PM

Email project sign-up sheet to Prof. Rolle

(mrolle@wpi.edu) or drop off tonight

Go to:

http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Projects/

• Propose your own idea and group?

• Aim to have Project by end of C or D terms….

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

After the MQP Fair…

Send project sign-up sheet to Prof. Rolle (mrolle@wpi.edu)

…OR drop it off TONIGHT before you leave

Faculty sponsor of your preferred project (s) will contact you

Final team assignments will be made by the project advisor

If you don’t get your first choice, follow up with your second choice

ATTEND PROJECT PRESENTATION DAY!

Thursday, April 22nd

See what your senior colleagues have been up to this year!

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Questions ???

Prof. Marsha Rolle

Bioreactor design for vascular tissue engineering

Goals:

• Generate cell-derived tissue engineered blood vessels by cellular self assembly into tubes

• Generate a bioreactor to generate TEBV and support their culture and conditioning

Bar = 2 mm

Elliptical polarizing system for tissue alignment maps• Objective:

– to design and construct a system to quantify the direction and degree of alignment of (collagen and fibrin) fibers within native and engineered tissues to quantitatively assess structure, remodeling, and healing

• Details– The device will likely consist of motors and controllers, CAD design, optics,

microscopes, and Matlab image analysis.

– This device will aid the research towards engineering functional tissues at WPI

– You will work in collaboration with researchers at U Minnesota and U Penn who have implemented such systems (so you won’t be alone)

Professor Kris Billiar (kbilliar@wpi.edu)

Device to stretch engineered tissue• Objective:

– to design and construct a system to stretch engineered tissues in a defined manner to assess effects of stretch on cell alignment, spreading, and remodeling of tissues

• Details– The device will likely consist of motors and controllers, CAD design, and some

cell culture.

– This device will aid the research towards engineering functional tissues at WPI and will be used to validate computational models developed with collaborations in Ireland.

– This work is a continuation of a previous MQP team and REU student who laid the groundwork for a successful project.

Professor Kris Billiar (kbilliar@wpi.edu)

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Christopher H. SotakDepartment of Biomedical Engineering

Development of enabling platform technologies for MRI monitoring of 3-D models of engineered tissue constructs

Development of an In Vitro Cardiac Modeling

System that uses MRI Technology to Evaluate and

Confirm the Position of Tissue-Embedded

Microthreads as a Vehicle for Therapeutic Cell

Delivery to Damaged Regions of the Heart.

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

2

Prof. Gaudette

– Using biological scaffolds to replace infarcted heart tissue

Prof. Pins

– Biopolymer microthreads

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

3

Use of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles for

Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment and

Simultaneous MRI Monitoring

Collaboration with Prof. Susan Zhou in WPI Chemical Engineering Department

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

4

Use of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles for

Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment and

Simultaneous MRI Monitoring

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

MQPsFebruary 25, 2010

Ronald Ignotz, Ph.D.

Raymond M. Dunn, M.D.

Division of Plastic Surgery

University of Massachusetts Medical School

Worcester, MA

Design and Development of a

Wireless Sensor based Pressure

Ulcer Prevention System

Advisors: WPI: Yitzhak Mendelson, PhD

UMASS: Raymond Dunn, MD

The prevention of pressure ulcerations (bed sores) has

become a major national priority with the demographics

of an aging population

Conventional approaches focus on “off-loading” at risk

areas of the body with a variety of expensive beds,

mattresses, etc.

Design and Development of a

Wireless Sensor based Pressure

Ulcer Prevention System

Focus: monitoring the very limited number of at risk

areas of the body with sensors that will warn caregivers

preemptively of impending tissue ischemia and injury.

Recommended for 3-5 person team

Rigid Sternal Closure

Advisors: WPI: Kristen Billiar, PhD

UMASS: Janice Lalikos, MD

Ronald Ignotz, PhD

Raymond Dunn, MD

The most common method to close the sternum

following open heart surgery is with wire twist ties.

These can readily “cut” through bone, especially

osteopetrotic cases.

Rigid Sternal Closure

While a few “rigid” closure methods are on the market,

they can be cumbersome to apply and have not gained

wide acceptance.

This project is a continuance of an ongoing project

currently focusing on screw dynamics and design.

Focus: refinement of design, manufacture of prototypes

and testing in-vitro will be required.

Recommended for a team of 3-4 person team

Despite the widespread clinical acceptance and use of pulse

oximeters in many clinical environments, and the large number of

commercial pulse oximeters, there is currently no commonly

accepted standard calibration technique available other than

expensive and limited in-vivo calibration using healthy human

volunteers. Given the widespread use of pulse oximeters in a variety

of clinical environments, there is a need to develop a simple,

inexpensive and effective device that can verify the functional

capability of a pulse oximeter.

The purpose of this project is to develop an artificial tissue calibrator

which reproduces clinical situations that can provide users with an

effective and reassuring tool to test the basic functional capabilities

of a pulse oximeter.

Prof. Y. Mendelson

ym@wpi.edu

MQP Topic: A Pulse Oximeter Calibrator

Background: Tissue Mechanics

Bioinstrumentation

Worcester Polytechnic InstituteMQPs

Gary Fudem, M.D.Carolyn Vaughn MSIV

Division of Plastic SurgeryUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School

Patient and problem• Neurologic pain- radial & median nerve• Peripheral nerve stimulator

– electrode (Medtronic TL rescue-type)– pulse generator (Itrel III)

• Attenuation of overlying skin from bulky device

Project• Design compact pulse generator/battery pack

that can be easily hidden in subcutaneous pocket

• Connect to existing electrodes• Easily Accessible

Design and Development of Pulse Generator for Peripheral Nerve Stimulator

Universal Prosthetic Socket/Alignment Design for Above-Knee ProsthesisIncorporating Patient’s Balance Study

Professor Krystyna Gielo-PerczakDepartment of Biomedical Engineering

Project goals:

- Data collection and analysis of balance control among lower limb amputees;-Identify predictors of balance confidence and predictors of change in balance

confidence among lower limb amputees related to their current prosthetic socket/alignment design;

- Propose a new prosthetic socket/ alignment design integrating patient’s balance comfort;-Assess whether balance confidence scores changed over a 1-month follow up period with a new socket/alignment system design.

Correlation of COPwith

prosthetic socket/alignment design

Detection and removal of motion artifacts from pulse oximeter signal

• Monitoring of SpO2 and HR

• Pulsatile local blood volume changes Simple device and comfortable to patients

• Tremendous research prevails to extend its potential clinical utility

• Detection of respiratory rate and blood volume loss

• Major problem Motion artifact

• A serious obstacle to its reliable use in real-time continuous monitoring, especially in ambulatory settings Demands advanced noise rejection algorithms !

Artifact detection and cancellation

• 1. Hardware approach

• 2. Software approach

• Features for motion detection Time domain: Skew, kurtosis –amplitude distribution

Freq. domain: kurtosis of DFT–random components

Bispectrum: Quadratic phase coupling

• Artifact reduction Most recent frame with clean data –reference

PPG sensor

Triaxial ACC

Adaptive Filtering

RecoveredPPG

SNR Accuracy ?

Med Biol Eng Comput 2006, 44:140-145

References: 1. Foo JYA et al, Med Biol Eng Comput 2006,44:140-145. 2. Krishnan R et al, IEEE TBME 2010.

Period estimation

Fourier series reconstruction

Freq domain Independent

Component Analysis

Prof. Ki Chon

Automatic Atrial Flutter DetectionAtrial Flutter (AFL)

Normal sinus rhythm

Atrial Flutter

• Abnormality of the heart rhythm• Resulting in a rapid heart beating• Afflicts more than 1 million Americans• 5 per 100,000 under the age of 50• 322 per 100,000 in their 60’s• 587 per 100,000 after the age of 80 * Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2000

Time-Freqeuncy Spectrum (TFS) Analysis

TFS for an RR

series during

Type I Atrial

Flutter: Greater

number of

spectral peaks

among the higher

frequencies.

TFS for an RR

series during

non-AFL

rhythm: Most

spectral peaks

occur in the lower

frequencies.

* Abnormality of the heart rhythm also associated

with Atrial fibrillation (AF).

* Automatic AF algorithm patented and licensed

to The Scottcare Corporation (Cleveland, Ohio, USA) Prof. Ki Chon