Biomass Renewable Energy Resource

in Nepal

7 July,2015

Shubha Laxmi Shrestha

Senior Officer/Programme ManagerBiomass Energy Sub-Component,

Alternative Energy Promotion Centre/National Rural & Renewable Energy Programme

1

Alternative Energy Promotion Centre

Established on November 3, 1996

National Executing Agency – Renewable Energy Programmesand Projects

Government Institution under Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment - Semi autonomous status; Board represented by public sector, private sector & financial sector

Mandate: policy and plan formulation, resource mobilization, technical support, M&E, standardization, quality assurance & coordination

Centre for excellence: micro hydro, biogas

2

Approach

Public Private

PartnershipDemand side

Public sector

Supply side

Private sector

Awareness & capacity building

Technical & financial assistance

Planning, coordination & networking

Quality assurance, monitoring & evaluation

Manufacturing & supply

Sales & installation

After sales services, repair & maintenance

Int. Quality control & monitoring

Subsidy

Users/ Beneficiary

Qualification/

Grading/

Evaluation

Standards/

Guidelines

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Existing Scenario Related to Biomass Renewable Energy Resource

Assessments at the National Level

4

Fuelwood, 71.1%Agri residue,

3.5%

Animal waste, 5.1%

Grid Electricity, 2.8%

Coal, 3.9%

Petroleum, 12.3%

Alternatives, 1.2%

Other biomass, 0.1%

Total Energy Consumption by Fuel Types (2011/12)

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 2013

Total Energy Consumption: 376.3 million GJ

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Residential,89.10%

Industrial,3.30%

Commercial,1.30%

Transport,5.20%

Agricultural,0.90%

Other,0.20%

Total Energy Consumption by Sectors (2011/12)

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 2013

Total Energy Consumption: 376.3 million GJ

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Fuelwood, 83.7%

Grid Electricity, 1.6%

Kerosene, 0.4%

LPG, 1.9%

Other Petroleum,

0.1%

Alternative, 1.5%

Agri residue, 4.4%

Animal waste, 6.3%

Residential Sector Energy Consumption by Fuel type (2011/12)

Total Energy Consumption in Residential Sector: 302.3 million GJ

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 2013

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Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 2013

Changes in Energy Consumption Pattern by Years

90.2% 87.1% 79.7%

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Distribution of Potential Biomass Resources in NepalClassified Land Cover Map of Nepal 1992/1993

Source: http://www.ess.co.at/GAIA/CASES/TAI/cst-np.html , data since 1992/939

Source: Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture, 2011/12

Crop type Area(ha)Crop Production

(MT)Total Residue

Production (MT)

Oil seed 214,835.0 179,145.0 71,837.0

Sugarcane 64,472.0 2,930,047.0 1,728,728.0

Jute 10,540.0 14,424.0 28,848.0

Soyabean 29,281.8 28,269.8 98,944.3

Black gram 27,496.2 22,482.4 37,320.0

Cotton 135.0 133.0 365.8

Coffee 1,780.0 425,000.0 892,500.0

Ground nut 2,736.0 3,869.0 10,744.0

Area, Production and Available Residue from Cash Crop

10

71.8

1,728.7

28.8 98.9

37.3 0.4

892.5

10.7

Oil seed Sugarcane Jute Soyabean Black gram Cotton Coffee Ground nut

Tota

l Re

sid

ue

(M

T) in

10

00 Available Annual Residue

Area, Production and Available Residue from Cash Crop

Source: Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture, 2011/1211

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Forest Shrubland Grassland NCI Cultivated land

Gross supply

CF area

Outside CF area

Total Reachable area

Sustainable Fuelwood Production in Nepal

non cultivated inclusions

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 2013

Un

its

in 0

00

To

ns

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Sustainable supply potential of fuelwood by Development Region in Nepal

2967

5007

3363

4170

3164

1922

2950

1927

3072 3034

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

FWDR MWDR WDR CDR EDR

Un

it in

00

0 t

on

sGross Supply

Reachable Supply

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 201313

Sustainable wood fuel production from fruit trees

Fruits Wood fuel production(in 000 MT)

Energy production (in 000 GJ)

Percent

Citrous fruits 31.8 523.3 17.2%

Winter fruits 19.0 317.8 10.3%

Mango 113.8 1906.9 61.7%

Jackfruit 6.7 111.4 3.6%

Guava 6.4 106.6 3.5%

Litchi 6.8 113.4 3.7%

Grand Total 184.4 3088.4 100.0%

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 201314

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

EDR CDR WDR MWDR FWDR

Dev Region

Po

ten

tial

in 0

00

to

nPaddy

Maize

Wheat

Millet

Grain Legumes

Sugarcane

Oil Seed

Jute

Barley

Production potential of agri-residues by regions and crop types

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 201315

2298.3

1882.6

1322.41434.6

1031.6

1795.2

2019.81941.6

1148.2

794.9

4093.43902.4

3264

2582.8

1826.5

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

EDR CDR WDR MWDR FWDR

Po

ten

tial

in 0

00

to

ns

Cattles

Buffaloes

Grand Total

Production potential of dry dung by regions and livestock

Source: National Survey of Energy Consumption and Supply Situation in Nepal, WECS, 201316

Key National Policies

• Rural Energy Policy, 2006 => Renewable Energy Policy ,2015

• Nepal’s 13th Three Year Plan (2013/14-2015/16)• 1,200,000 ICS & 23,000 MICS

• Renewable (Rural) Energy Subsidy Arrangement, 2013

• Renewable (Rural) Energy Subsidy Delivery Mechanism, 2013

• National Energy Strategy (planned up to 2030)• Biomass Energy Strategy (BEST) for Nepal• Promote switching to renewable energy from traditional fuel• Targets to reduce fuel wood • Targets to install ICS in 50% commercial entities currently using

traditional stove.

• Clean Cooking Solutions for All by 2017 • Announcement by government on 2013• Government committed to make all households of Nepal bright and

smoke free in 29 June 201417

Biomass Energy Technologies

• Solid Biomass– Improved Cooking Stoves

– Gasifier for electrification

• Liquid Biomass– Biofuel (ethanol)

– Biodiesel

• Gaseous form of Biomass– Household Biogas Plants

– Commercial Biogas Plants

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-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

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57 114 5,918 12,538 19,753 27,002 34,338 41,883 48,981 56,446 63,977 65,423 76,138 80,985 84,570 89,127 93,684 99,687 106,673 106,783 113,327 130,296 164,190 212,651

272,018 313,221 337,052

376,945 437,876

526,313 615,216

744,664

876,815

1,017,686

1,295,575

ICS Growth Trend in Nepal

Improved Cooking Stoves Growth Trend in Nepal

19“ICS is 1st choice to reach another 3 million HHs !”

Key Institutions and Stakeholders

• Alternative Energy Promotion Centre

• Water and Energy Commissioning Secretariat (WECS)

• Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation (MFSC)/ National

Trust for Nature Conservation

• Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development

(MoFALD)

• International Government Organizations (INGOs)

• External Development Partners

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• Community Forestry Development Program (1980-91)

• Forest Resource Assessment Nepal (2010 - 2014)

• Energy Sector Assistance Program (ESAP) (1999 - 2012)

DEMI

DCEP

• Rural Energy Development Program (REDP) (1996 - 2012)

DESR

• National Rural and Renewable Energy Program (NRREP) (2012 - 2017)

DESR

DCEP (28 out of 75 districts completed, 17 planned for coming year)

VDC level baseline surveys

Strategic plan for declaring IAP free districts

• Renewable Energy for Rural Livelihood (RERL) (2012 – 2017)

Past / Current programmes

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Critical issues and challenges faced

• Energy Scarcity and security, load shedding for hours

• Lack of database on Commercial gasification and solid waste to energy

• Community forest untapped

• Lack of Human Resources/ Experts

• Institutional arrangements for periodic energy data collection

• Lack of sufficient funds

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Progress

• Bio-energy Policy

• Continuation of DCEP in all 75 districts.

• Strategic districts plan for IAP free declaration

• BEST is in process of approval

• Investment prospectus in progress for clean cooking all over Nepal

23

Capacity building Support needs

• Enhancing knowledge and skills through appropriate training and exposure opportunities.

• Instruments/tools/method for efficient data collection and data analysis

• Develop efficient data collection systems in regular basis like census and surveys.

• Develop Energy Data Management System (EMIS)

• GIS mapping

• National Biomass Resource Mapping

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Nepal is still beautiful and will always be26

Thank You!

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For Further Communication:

Alternative Energy Promotion Centre

Khumaltar, Lalitpur

P.O. Box 14364, Kathmandu, Nepal

Tel. No.: 5539391, 5548468 Ext. 133

E-mail: shubha.shrestha@aepc.gov.np

www.aepc.gov.np