biomass for heat and power production - opportunities for land owners and buildings managers ian...
TRANSCRIPT
Biomass for heat and power production - opportunities for
land owners and buildings managers
Ian Tubby
Biomass Energy Centre
RRSP, October 2009
Aim of the presentation
• Give an overview of biomass fuel types• Describe the basics of the biomass market• Show fuel requirements and potential
carbon savings for different building types• Give details of where to get further
information
Biomass as a fuel
• Miscanthus and SRC• Waste wood• Products from forests
and woodlands• Dry agricultural residues
- straw• Food wastes, slurries• Oil seed crops and
cereals for liquid biofuel production
Short Rotation Coppice
• 1 + 3 years to first harvest
• 8 - 10 harvests before replanting
• Commercial yields around 8 odt ha yr
• 4,000 ha planted during last 10 years
• Usually associated with large power generation projects
Recovering wood from the waste stream
• 5 million tonnes from construction & demolition
• 4.4 million tonnes from other industry
• 1 million tonnes in MSW• Separation• Contamination• Waste incineration
directive
Existing woodland
• The resource already exists!
• Management could improve biodiversity
• New jobs• Growing number of
installations and woodfuel suppliers
• Does not compete for food or current liquid biofuels
Producing good quality chips• Use a woodfuel grade
chipper - inconsistent chip size can block augers
• Moisture content is critical
• CEN standards developed for use across Europe
• Chippers are expensive - consider hiring in unless you have large quantities to process
Fuel delivery
• Tipping trailers• Scissor lift trailers• Hook bins• Pneumatic delivery• Bags of pellets• Keep it simple
Fuel store and fuel feed
• Sometimes over looked during system design
• Adequate size to minimise fuel deliveries
• Beware of minimum fuel delivery volumes
• Compatible with chosen fuel delivery system
• Keep fuel dry• Keep dust within the store
and out of the boiler room
Improvements in efficiency
Reduction in emissions
Annual fuel use for heating different buildings types
Building kWh
Tonnes wood chips
(30% MC)
Tonnes wood pellets
(10% MC)
Domestic house 20,000 5.7 4.2Small industrial
unit 140,000 40 29Large farm with
outbuildings 400,000 114 83Hotel 660,000 190 138
Municipal complex 360,000 100 75District heating
scheme 600,000 170 125
Municipal buildings1,000,000 290 210
Outputs per hectareOutput per
hectare p.a.Energy per ha p.a.
(t/ha.a) MWh/ha.aFuel
2.9 (2 odt) 10.3
Forestry - small round wood, thinnings, residues (30% MC)
17.3 (13 odt) 63
12.9 (9 odt) 46
1.1 11.3
4.6 (3.7 odt) 17
2.3 17
4.4 33
5.3 29
0.88 4.9
SRC willow (30% MC)
Miscanthus (25% MC)
Wheat straw (20% MC)
Biodiesel (OSR)
Bioethanol (sugar beet)
Bioethanol (wheat)
Biogas (cattle slurry)
Biogas (sugar beet)
Is woodchip competitive with other fuels?
• Market price varies considerably £50 - £90 per tonne delivered typical
• Price of oil ~4.0p per kWh (@ 40p per litre)• Gas price currently around ~ 4.0p per kWh • 1 tonne of 30% MC woodchips contains 3500
kWh of energy• Paying anything less than £120 per tonne of
chips is competitive with oil and gas at today’s prices
Equipment purchase• Low Carbon Buildings Programme (LCBP)
– UK wide
– Phase 1: Householders: £1,500 (or 30% of eligible costs) for boiler, £600 (or 20%) for stove
– Phase 2: Public sector, charitable bodies: £200,000 (or 50%)
– Products and installers registered with MCS
• Bio-energy Capital Grants Scheme– England only
– Industrial, commercial and community
– Max £500,000 (40%)
– Currently closed
Thank you
Biomass Energy Centre web:
www.biomassenergycentre.org.ukEmail:
[email protected]: 01420 526 197