biology2.docx

7/21/2019 Biology2.docx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/biology2docx 1/4

I. Objectivesa) Discuss the ways in which heat transfers between organisms and their

environment.b) Discuss the thermal balance of organisms.c) Discuss the metabolic and physiological meansd) Distinguish among poikilothermy, homeothermy, and heterothermy.e) Explain how animal behaviour, structure and metabolism maintain body

temperaturef) Distinguish among hibernation, aestivation and torpor.g) Describe the physiology of cold tolerance in some animals.

II. Subject Matter a) Subject !emperature

b) "eferences textbook # Elements of Ecology$"obert %eo Smith!homas &,.Smith pp. '(*+

c) &aterials ictures,owerpoiont, projector,book

d) Science -oncept !emperature has a pervasive influence on life t is a key for climate, microclimate and

distributions of

organisme) rocess Skills /bserving, Describing and differentiating

III. ProcedureA. ENGAGE

• 0eat transfer song

-hecking the attendance

&otivation

Present a video

Discuss how heat move between organisms and

their environment

B. EP!O"E



Setting of the standards to be followed in doing the activity

1roup them into four

%et them perform the activity

#. EP!AIN

Discussion 2 3nalysis

Answer the $o%%owing &uestions'( 0ow do temperature influence life on earth 4)( 0ow do plants build up a tolerance to or adjust to cold4

!o heat4*( 0ow does heat move between organism and the

environment4+( Distinguish between poikilothermy and homeothermy.

5hat are the advantages and disadvantages of each4,( 5hat are the relationship of body si6e,metabolic rate, and

temperature regulation4-( 5hat behaiviors help poikilotherms maintain a constantbody temperature4

( 0ow can insulation maintain an animals thermal integrity4

Genera%i/tion

3ll organisms live in a thermal environment. !hey must balanceheat inputs and outputs between themselves and theirenvironment. 0eat gains come from direct and reflectedsunlight, diffuses radiation, long wave infrared radiation,conduction, convection and evaporation. /rganism can have anet loss of heat to the environment only when the current

environmental temperature is less than body core temperatureD. E!ABO"A0E

• llustrate through concept map 2 mind map your own explanation

or idea on how heat transfers between organism and theirenvironment

E. E1A!2A0ION

• &odify true or false

7) 3ll oragnisms lives in and exchange energy with athermal environment.

8) -onduction takes place when fluid 9air and water) move

over an object.:) 5hen the surrounding or ambient temperature is lowerthan the temperature of the organism, the organism losesheat to the environment

;) oikilotherms employs both endothermy and ectothermydepending upon the environment situation.

') Evaporationis the loss of moisture from a surface

• dentification



7) Emission of long wave radiation radient energy striking asurface is absorbed and then converted to heat.

8) !he range of body temperature at which poikilothermscarry out their daily activities.

:) t emphasi6e the mechanism that determine temperature

;) t represents the nature of body temperature') 3re animals that can maintain a constant body

temperature despite the changes in the environment

3. EN"I#4MEN0

E33E#0S O3 #!IMA0E AND SEA5A0E" 0EMPE"A02"E1A"IA0ION ON #O"A! B!EA#4ING AND MO"0A!I06

5ildlife -onservation Society, &arine rograms, <ronx, =ew >ork 7+;(+ ?S3 -oral"eef -onservation roject, 5ildlife -onservation Society, ./. <ox @@;*+,&ombasa, Aenya

nstitute of &arine Sciences, ?niversity of Dar es Salaam, ./. <ox ((B, Can6ibar,!an6ania

Department of Science, State ?niversity of Can6ibar, ./. <ox 7;(, Can6ibar,!an6ania

-oral bleaching due to thermal and environmental stress threatens coral reefs and

possibly people who rely on their resources. 0ere we explore patterns of coralbleaching and mortality in East 3frica in 7@@B and 8++' in a region where theeuatorial current and the island effect of &adagascar interact to create differentthermal and physicochemical environments. 3 variety of temperature statistics werecalculated, and their relationships with the degreeheating months 9D0&), a goodpredictor of coral bleaching, determined. -hanges in coral cover were analy6ed from8@ sites that span 7+++ km of coastline from Aenya to the -omoros slands.!emperature patterns are influenced by the island effect, and there are three maintemperature environments based on the rise in temperature over '8 years,measures of temperature variation, and D0&. /ffshore sites north of &adagascarthat included the -omoros had low temperature rises, low D0&, high standarddeviations 9SD), and the lowest relative coral mortality. -oastal sites in Aenya hadmoderate temperature rises, the lowest temperature SD, high D0&, and the highestrelative coral mortality. -oastal sites in the south had the highest temperature rises,moderate SD and D0&, and low relative coral mortality. -onseuently, the rate oftemperature rise was less important than background variation, as reflected by SDand kurtosis measures of sea surface water temperature 9SS!), in predicting coralsurvival across 7@@B. -oral bleaching responses to a warmwater anomaly in 8++'were also negatively related to temperature variation, but positively correlated withthe speed of water flow. Separating these effects is difficultF however, both factorswill be associated with current environments on the opposite sides of reefs and

islands. "eefs in current shadows may represent refugia where corals acclimate andadapt to environmental variation, which better prepares them for rising temperature



and anomalies, even though these sites are likely to experience the fastest rates oftemperature rise. 5e suggest that these sites are a conservation priority and shouldbe targeted for management and further ecological research in order to understandacclimation, adaptation, and resilience to climate change.

biology2.docx

Documents