biology. tools dichotomous key di- two chotomous- forks or branches used to identify…… region...
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TOOLS OF THE BIOLOGIST
Biology
ToolsDichotomous Key
Di- Two Chotomous- Forks or Branches Used to identify…… Region Specific
Deciduous Tree Key Deciduous- to shed all leafs on an annual basis/
usually a broad leaf tree. Bark vs. Leaf Characteristics
Deciduous Tree Key
Fall Leaf Color?
Deciduous Tree Key
Basic Leaf Anatomy
Basic Leaf Anatomy Blade- Green or colored region of the leaf.
Extends from the tip to the base. Tip- Top of the Blade Base- Bottom of the Blade Mid Rib / Main Vein- all mid ribs are main veins
but not vice versa. Margin- Edge of Blade Petiole- Stalk that may or may not be present. Stipule- Bud that marks the point of attachment of
a single leaf to the stem. ***When counting leafs, count stipules not blades.
Main Vein / Mid Rib
Main vein- any dark thick easily seen vein.
Mid rib- a main vein that divides the blade in half
Leaf Characteristics1. Leaf Arrangement- How the leafs are arranged on
the stem. Alternate- Not opposite Opposite- across from each other.
○ M- Maples○ A- Ashes○ D- Dog Wood
○ Horse- Horse Chestnut
2. Leaf Type- how many blades per stipule. Simple- one blade per stipule Compound- more than one blade per stipule
HW Draw a branch showing four alternatively arranged
simple leafs.
3. Types of Compounding Palmate- “Fingers extending from your palm.” Pinnate- not palmate
○ Leaflet- Blade on a compound leaf○ Note- Terminal Leaflet ○ Note- Lateral Leaflet
4. Venation- Vein Arrangement Palmate Pinnate
5. Lobbing Lobe- section of the blade created by deep
indentations in the margin.
Palmate Pinnate
Maple Leaf Oak Leaf
Palmate Vein=
Palmate Lobed
6. Margin Type Entire- Smooth Toothed
○ Finely○ Coarsely○ Compound
See Drawing
7. Blade Attachment Non-Sessile (Stalked)
○ Contain a petiole
Sessile○ Contain no petiole
See Diagrams
8. Lopsided leafs / Notched leafs and Leaflets Lopsided Leafs- associated with simple leafs
Notched Leafs and leaflets○ Associated with complex leafs.