biology ii - ecology - ecosystem energy flow

8/10/2019 Biology II - Ecology - Ecosystem Energy Flow

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Energy FlowThrough anEcosystem

Food Chains, Food Webs,Energy Pyramids


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Begins with the SUNPhotosynthesis

6CO2+ 6H2O + sunlight & chlorophyll

C6H12O6+ 6O2


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PhotosynthesisChemical reaction where green plants

use water & carbon dioxideto store thesuns energy in glucose

ENERGY is stored in glucose

Glucose is stored as starch in plants


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Organisms that can

make glucose duringphotosynthesis arecalledPRODUCERS.


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Producers usemost of the

energy they makefor themselves.


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Producers use

cellular respirationto supply the energythey need to live.


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CELLULARRESPIRATION is

the chemicalreaction thatreleases the

energy in glucose.

6O2+ C6H12O6--> 6H2O + 6CO2+ energy


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The energy that is notused by producerscan

be passed on toorganisms that cannotmake their own energy.


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Organisms that cannotmake their own energy

are calledCONSUMERS.


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Consumers that eat producers

to get energy:Are first order (1st)or

primary consumers

Are herbivores(plant-eaters)


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Mostof the

energy theprimary consumergets from the

producer is usedby the consumer.


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Someof the

energy moves intothe atmosphere as

heat.


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Some energy in theprimary consumer is

STORED&not lostto the atmosphere or

used by theconsumer itself.

This energy isavailablefor anotherconsumer (predator).


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A Consumer that Eats AnotherConsumer for Energy:

Is called a secondary or2nd order consumer

May be a carnivoreoran omnivore

May be a predator

May be a scavenger


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Mostof the

energy thesecondaryconsumer gets

from the primaryconsumer is used

by the secondaryconsumer.


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Someof the

energy is lost asheat, but someenergy is storedand can passed on

to another

consumer.


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A consumer that eats aconsumer that already ate a

consumer:Is called a 3rd orderor

tertiary consumerMay be a carnivore or

an omnivore

May be a predatorMay be a scavenger


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Consumers that eat producers

& other consumersAre calledomnivoresOmnivoreseat plants

andanimals


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Consumers that hunt & kill

other consumers are calledpredators.The animals that are

hunted & killed are calledprey.


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Consumers that eat other

dead consumers are calledscavengers


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The transfer of energyfrom thesunto producerto primary

consumer then to higher orderconsumerscan be shown in a

FOOD CHAIN.


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Food Chains Show Available Energy


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More Food Chains


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Another way of

showing thetransfer of

energy in anecosystem is theENERGY

PYRAMID


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Energy Pyramids ShowAmount of available

energy decreasesforhigher consumersAmount of availableenergy decreasesdown the

food chainIt takes a large numberof producersto support asmall number of primary

consumersIt takes a large numberof primary consumerstosupport a small number of

secondary consumers


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Food Webs:

Are interconnectedfood chains

They show the

feeding relationshipsin an ecosystem


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How Many Chains are in

this web?


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Identify the

Producers,Consumers, &

Decomposers:

Count the

Food

Chains!


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The End?

biology ii - ecology - ecosystem energy flow

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