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1| Page Biological Waste Management Tour Report October 30, 2014 Edward Jackson TAMU Biological Waste Management Facility 211 Sippel Road College Station, TX 77840 Introduction: The purpose of this report is to discuss the visit to the TAMU Biological Waste Management Facility, located in College Station, Texas. The BESC Environmental Compliance students visited this site under direct supervision of Dr. Heather Wilkinson, TAMU Professor, Monica Hartman, Compliance Officer, and Josh Freeman, Site Manager. The purpose of the tour was to observe the primary operations of the facility and the processes with potential for pollution. The primary operation of the TAMU Biological Waste facility is to manage and properly dispose of the biological waste produced on the Texas A&M University campus. According to the TAMU Biological waste management plan (1), biological waste is any waste from teaching, clinical, and research laboratories and operation. Biological waste does not include household or office trash, waste from food services, bedding and manure from normal agricultural operations of bedding, or litter from noninfectious animals. This site also manages the disposal of biohazardous waste, which is defined as any solid or liquid waste that is hazardous because of its physical and/or biological nature.

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Page 1: Biological Waste Management Report - Weeblyedjackson.weebly.com/uploads/4/0/9/4/40943499/biological... · 2019-08-06 · 1!|Page!! ! Biological(Waste(Management(Tour(Report(October!30,2014!

 

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Biological  Waste  Management  Tour  Report  

October  30,  2014  

Edward  Jackson  

TAMU  Biological  Waste  Management  Facility    

211  Sippel  Road  College  Station,  TX  77840  

 

Introduction:  

  The  purpose  of  this  report  is  to  discuss  the  visit  to  the  TAMU  Biological  Waste  

Management  Facility,  located  in  College  Station,  Texas.  The  BESC  Environmental  Compliance  

students  visited  this  site  under  direct  supervision  of  Dr.  Heather  Wilkinson,  TAMU  Professor,  

Monica  Hartman,  Compliance  Officer,  and  Josh  Freeman,  Site  Manager.  The  purpose  of  the  tour  

was  to  observe  the  primary  operations  of  the  facility  and  the  processes  with  potential  for  

pollution.    

  The  primary  operation  of  the  TAMU  Biological  Waste  facility  is  to  manage  and  properly  

dispose  of  the  biological  waste  produced  on  the  Texas  A&M  University  campus.  According  to  

the  TAMU  Biological  waste  management  plan  (1),  biological  waste  is  any  waste  from  teaching,  

clinical,  and  research  laboratories  and  operation.  Biological  waste  does  not  include  household  

or  office  trash,  waste  from  food  services,  bedding  and  manure  from  normal  agricultural  

operations  of  bedding,  or  litter  from  noninfectious  animals.  This  site  also  manages  the  disposal  

of  biohazardous  waste,  which  is  defined  as  any  solid  or  liquid  waste  that  is  hazardous  because  

of  its  physical  and/or  biological  nature.  

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  The  TAMU  Biological  Waste  facility  contains  three  methods  of  disposal  on-­‐site,  

consisting  of  digestion,  rendering,  and  incineration.  The  facility  houses  two  digesters,  small  

tissue  (Figure  1)  and  large  tissue  digesters  (Figure  2),  and  an  incinerator  (Figure  3).  These  

machines  are  used  to  properly  dispose  of  infectious  waste.  The  small  tissue  digester,  the  

agrilyzer,  is  a  method  of  digestion  that  is  rarely  used,  once  or  twice  a  year.  This  machine  is  

typically  used  as  a  back  up  due  to  its  low  capacity  and  the  speed  of  the  process,  roughly  48  

hours.  The  agrilyzer  processes  the  biological  waste  and  disposes  it  into  a  NaOH  container  

(Figure  5)  for  digestion  in  a  caustic  solution.  Due  to  the  addition  of  NaOH  to  the  processed  

waste,  the  pH  output  reads  very  high,  averaging  between  13-­‐14.  Glacial  acetic  acid  and  water  

are  used  to  flush  to  solution  and  to  help  lower  of  the  pH  for  safer  handling.  The  primary  

digester  used  on-­‐site  has  a  much  higher  capacity  and  a  much  more  time-­‐efficient  process.  The  

digestion  process  takes  around  10  hours  and  cooks  at  300  degrees  Celsius.  This  machine  uses  a  

solution  with  19%  NaOH  content  to  ensure  the  most  efficient  and  cost-­‐effective  rates  for  

digestion.  The  incinerator  on-­‐site  is  the  most  efficient  disposal  method  for  biological  waste.  

Biological  waste  is  loaded  into  the  incinerator  using  hoppers  (Figure  4)  with  a  max  load  of  2000  

pounds.  This  machine  is  equipped  with  a  continuous  emissions  monitor  that  records  levels  of  

carbon  monoxide  levels  to  ensure  that  emissions  are  kept  below  the  limit.  

Processes  with  Potential  for  Pollution:  

   The  TAMU  Biological  Waste  facility  carries  out  operations  that  could  lead  to  pollution  

by  ways  of  disposing  waste.  The  process  of  incineration  can  lead  to  pollution  due  to  the  release  

of  emissions  into  the  atmosphere.  After  the  digestion  process,  the  facility  disposes  of  the  

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remains  in  the  trashcans  on-­‐site  (figure  6).  This  could  potentially  lead  to  a  misplacement  of  

materials  that  could  be  dangerous  to  the  environment.  

Chemicals  Used:  

  Sodium  hydroxide  (NaOH)  is  the  main  chemical  used  at  the  biological  waste  facility.  This  

chemical  is  used  as  a  caustic  solution  to  break  down  the  waste  by  chemical  action  (4).  

Pollution  Control  and  Waste  Minimization:  

  The  biological  waste  facility  has  taken  measure  to  decrease  pollution  and  waste.  The  

major  step  they  have  taken  to  minimize  pollution  from  the  incinerator  is  that  it  runs  completely  

on  natural  gas.  Natural  gas  is  a  cleaner  energy  and  the  emissions  are  less  toxic  to  the  

environment.    

Relevant  State  and  Federal  Regulations  Associated  with  the  Site:  

Permit  Types:  

• Air  Permit  

o Title  V  

o TCEQ  

§ Under  title  V,  the  facility  is  listed  as  an  emitter  

§ The  incinerator  cannot  exceed  876  hours  of  burn  (3)  

Required  Monitoring:  

• Ash  from  incinerator  must  be  tested  for  heavy  metals  (3)  

o These  tests  occur  quarterly  

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o Tests  must  occur  before  ash  is  sent  to  landfills  

• Incinerator  must  be  calibrated  to  monitor  emissions  

o Machine  cannot  be  started  if  calibration  fails  

o Certified  emissions  monitoring  system  (CEMS)  

§ Tests  levels  of  carbon  monoxide  emissions  

Report  Schedule:    

  The  biological  waste  facility  must  report  to  the  TCEQ  quarterly  in  regards  to  heavy  metal  

levels  found  in  ash  (4).  This  facility  also  has  a  special  conditions  air  permit  that  must  be  

renewed  every  10  years.  

Production  Volume:  

• Agrilyzer  

o This  machine  has  a  2,000  pound  capacity  

§ This  includes  the  chemicals,  feed  and  water  

§ Digests  waste  in  48  hours  

• Primary  Digester  

o This  machine  has  a  7,000  pound  capacity  

§ This  includes  the  chemicals,  feed  and  water  

§ Digests  waste  in  10  hours    

• Incinerator    

o Has  a  maximum  capacity  of  2,000  pounds  

§ Burns  at  750  pounds  an  hour  

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• Can’t  reload  for  2.5  hours  

How  These  Distinctions  affect  the  Thresholds  for  Regulation  of  this  Entity:  

  These  facilities  are  a  part  of  a  large  EMS  system  and  therefore  share  many  of  the  same  

permits  enforced  by  the  university.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Appendix  A  

Site  Photographs  

 

 

 

 

 

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Figure  1.  The  agrilyzer,  small  tissue  digester,  that  is  used  as  a  backup  digester  on-­‐site.  

Figure  2.  The  primary  digester  is  used  to  digest  up  to  7,000  lbs  of  waste  at  a  time.  

Figure  3.  The  incinerator  is  the  most  efficient  form  of  disposal  on-­‐site.  

Figure  4.  The  hoppers  are  use  to  load  waste  into  the  respective  disposal  machines.  

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Figure  5.  The  NaOH  container  at  the  end  of  the  digestion  process.  

Figure  6.  The  trashcans  that  are  used  to  dispose  of  the  remains  from  the  digesters.  

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References  Cited:  1. TAMU  Biological  Waste  Management  Plan  2. "Air Permitting." Air Permit. TCEQ, n.d. Web. <o

https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/air/nav/air_oppermits_v.html>.  3. Monica Hartman, Compliance Officer  4. Josh Freeman, Site Manager