biogas potential in thailand - energypedia · 2016. 5. 6. · conrad hotel, bangkok 9 september...

Biogas Potential in Thailand

Renewable Energy Biogas/BiomassMade in Germany

Conrad Hotel, Bangkok9 September 2009

Sirikul PrasitpianchaiProject Manager

German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)

Sources

Industrial wastewater– Tapioca/Palm Oil/Ethanol– Food canning and process– Frozen Seafood

Agriculture wastewater– Pig/Chicken/Duck/Cow

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

Industrial Wastewater

Source: Chulalongkorn University, http://www.thaibiogas.com

Data: 2008Total factories Biogas systems No Biogas

1. Starch/Tapioca 86 60 26

2. Palm oil 49 22 27

3. Ethanol 24 11 13

4. Rubber 88 4 84

5. Food processing 66 26 50

Industry

Industry - Starch/Tapioca

2

5

19

7

1

4 4

13

23

7

1

12

0 01

0

32

002468

101214161820

100 150 200 250 270 300 350 400 500 >500

Capacity (Ton/day)

No. o

f fac

tory

W/ biogas No biogas

Starch/tapioca industry has high biogas technology penetration, nearly 70%. Remaining potential is in smaller factories(production capacity 100-200 Ton/day)Potential in tapioca wet cake


Industry – Palm Oil

1

4

10

5

2

9

4

12

20

02468

101214

<30 30 45 60 >60

Capacity (TFFB/hr)

No.

of f

acto

ry

w/ biogas No biogas

40% of Palm oil industry has biogas plantsPotential of EFB for biogas is being studied in GTZ Sustainable Palm Oil Project(Contact: [email protected])


Industry - Ethanol

3

6

2

0

2

54

2

01234567

25,000-100,000 101,001-150,000 150,001-200,000 200,001-500,000

Capacity (Litre/day)

No. o

f Fac

tory

W/ Biogas No Biogas


Existing biogas systems are nearly 50% of total potentialEthanol can be produced from cane molasses/cassava

Industry – Food&Beverage Industry

261

63140

78

185

96

208

5 18 26 3 22 3 30

50100150200250300

Meat processing

Canned fish

Frozen seafood

Aqua products processing

Fruit&Vegetable canning

Dried fruit

Bakery

No. o

f fac

tory

Total factory Potential

66 factories are identified as good potential for biogas production(gas volume > 400 m3)Majority of potential factories are in food canning and frozen seafood


Industry - Rubber

Technical barrier Need research cooperationMay need enforcement of environmental regulations on wastewater

0 02 1 1 0

19

5

13

27

12

7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0-300 301-500 501-1000 1001-3000 3001-5000 >5000

Ton/Month

No.

of F

acto

ry

W/ Biogas No Biogas


Agricultural Wastewater

Pig farm is most developed in biogas installation with 20% of potential. With government subsidy target, pig farms will reach 40% of potential in 2013Other farms still behind in biogas development due to technical, financial barriers, collection of sources, and competing use in other sectors

Chicken, 292

Buffalo, 169

Duck, 28

Dairy, 58

Pig, 480

Cow, 1131 mil m3/yr

mil m3/yrmil m3/yr

mil m3/yr

mil m3/yr

mil m3/yr

Installed biogas 89mil m3/yr


MSW and Domestic Wastewater

Good potential for CDM projectsMany landfill biogas projects are now being developed

MSW No. Biogas Potential (mil m3/year) No. (mil m3/year) No. (mil m3/year)

Municipality and Sub-district 7,948 1,218 2 3.5 7,946 1,215

Biogas in operation Remaining Potential

Source: Pollution Control Department, 2004

Investment Cost

Waste sources Baht/m3 biogas Baht/kWhDried fruit 0.33 0.28Tapioca 0.77 0.64Palm Oil 0.84 0.70Pig farm 0.96 0.80Starch 1.37 1.14Slaughter (pig) 2.65 2.21Paper 3.11 2.60Alcoholic beverage 3.52 2.93Beer 5.12 4.26Solid Waste 5.44 4.53Non-alcoholic beverage 7.19 5.99

Source: A Study on Biogas Potential, KMUTT, 2006

Cost of biogas systems depends on several factors. The above table shown average investment cost regardless of technology from field survey, interview, and secondary data from 190 systems in Thailand.- Only Initial Investment Cost- System life time 15 years- Overall biogas production

GTZ Biogas Project

Problems/barriers in Thai Biogas sector– Human resource: under qualified operators leads to

inefficient operation of systems/shut down– Lack of mutual agreement on standards– Lack of network for cooperation among several stakeholders

GTZ Biogas Project– Identify incentives/measures for impenetrate sub-sectors– Quality system for operator/planner and human resource

development

– Biogas network/association

Project period: 2 years (October 2009 – September 2011)

Biogas Network

Biogas Producers– Exchange of experiences– Leverage framework conditions

Research/Academic– Exchange of information and compilation of database– Cooperation on research and testing

Policy Makers– Agreement on standards and regulations

DIW, Ministry of Industry (safety standards)PCD, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (environmental standards), DEDE, Ministry of Energy (quality/performance standards)

– Cooperation on database of biogas systems

Private Companies– Contact point for products information– Access to market

Information Sources

Energy Research Institute (ERI)Chulalongkorn UniversityTel: 02 218 8096-8Website: www.thaibiogas.com, www.eri.chula.ac.th

Waste Utilization and ManagementPilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI)King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT)Tel: 02 452 3456Website: www.pdti.kmutt.ac.th

Energy Research and Development Institute (ERDI)Chiang Mai UniversityTel: 053 942 007Website: www.erdi.or.th

Contact

Email: [email protected]: 02 298 2593Website: www.gtz.de/thailand

biogas potential in thailand - energypedia · 2016. 5. 6. · conrad hotel, bangkok 9 september...

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