biogas
TRANSCRIPT
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BIOGASEnergy & Environment
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What is Energy? What are different types of energy?
Light & Heat Kinetic & Electrical
Potential
Noise Chemical
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Can you create energy?
No.
Energy is conserved.
Energy can be transformed but not
created.
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Examples of Energy Transfer
1. Clap Your Hands
Kinetic Noise
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Examples of Energy Transfer
2. Rub Your Hands
Kinetic Heat
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Examples of Energy Transfer
3. Switch on a light bulb
ElectricalHeat Light
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Examples of Energy Transfer
4. Light a match
ChemicalHeat Light
A match is an example of using a fuel
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What is fuel?
Examples ?
Wood Oil
Stored Chemical Energy
Chemical
Electrical
Kinetic Heat
Light
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Disadvantages of Fuel
Expensive Polluting
Diminishing Resources
Time to gather
What if we had a fuel that was none of these?
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Biogas Uses waste material to transfer chemical
energy to other forms of useful energy!
Electrical
Kinetic Heat
Light
Chemical
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Different Types of Gas Plant:Gobar Gas Plant
Stops air getting into the digester- creates anaerobic condition
Gas to kitchen
Sludge used as a fertiliser
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Real Gobar Gas PlantsVigyan Ashram
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Real Gobar Gas PlantsVigyan Ashram
Mixer
Digester Tank
Gas Holder
Sludge
Gas to kitchen
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Real Gobar Gas PlantsVigyan Ashram
Gas to kitchen
Latrine
MixerGas collector
Digester
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Different Types of Gas Plant:Sausage Bag Gas Plant
Sludge used as a fertiliser
Gas to kitchen
•Quick to construct•May require importing•May require protection from sharp objects and vermin
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How Does Biogas Work?Anaerobic Digestion No Oxygen
More Microorganisms
Microorganisms found naturally in cow’s stomach
No Oxygen
Nitrogen and Carbon
Slurry
For Cooking
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What is important?Ratio of Nitrogen to Carbon
Too much nitrogen
Too much N means no
growth
1x Nitrogen : 30x Carbon neededIt can be fixed by dilution
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What is important?Ratio of water and Nutrients Ratio
1 water :1 solid waste Nutrients
carbon (C) and nitrogen (N)○ N= provide nutrients for the growth and
multiplication of the anaerobic organisms
+ N =
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What is important?
StirringPrevents scum growth
Retention TimeEffected by temperature, dilution, loading
rate, etc.A normal period for the digestion of dung
would be 2 to 4 weeksAt high temperature bio-digestion occurs faster
○ Between 20 and 30
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Advantages 1x =3kW hours of electricity Save on fossil fuel. Save time collecting fuel. Improve hygienic conditions. Reduce pollution.
Save Money Protect ForestsProduce high quality fertiliser
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Summary Questions1. Can you create energy?
2. When you rub your hands what happens(energy transfer)?
3. Name one disadvantage with fuel
4. What two nutrients are important in a biogas plant?
5. Briefly explain what is happening in this picture.