biofuels rd&d in bioenergy 2020+ · description of production and conversion ... small-scale...
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Biofuels RD&D in BIOENERGY 2020+
Dina Bacovsky, BIOENERGY 2020+
Eco-Mobility 2013, 4 th Oct. 2013, Vienna
Hot topics in biofuels
■ Are biofuels sustainable?
■ Food versus fuel
■ Colonisation for energy?
■ Decarbonisation of transport – a global challenge
Slide 2
Sustainability – the BioGrace tool
■ RED and FQD define sustainability criteria for biofuels, including GHG emissions reductions
BioGrace I project:■Transparent calculation of GHG emissions■Harmonization of GHG calculations across EU■Excel tool available: www.biograce.net
■ EC recommendation on sustainability criteria for electricity, heat and cooling from solid and gaseous biomass (bio-el&h&c)
BioGrace II project:■Transparent calculation of GHG emissions■Dialogue with policy makers and companies■Support the introduction of sust. criteria for bio-el&h&c
Slide 3
Feedstock alternatives: lignocellulosics –gasification of wood chips
Gasifier
CH4 synthesis
(currently idle)
Mixed Mixed
alcohols alcohols
synthesissynthesis
FT FT
synthesissynthesis
Slide 4
Bioenergy2020+Bioenergy2020+
Feedstock alternatives: lignocellulosics –hydrogen from gasification
Project BioH2-4Refineries: Economic evaluation of production of Bio-hydrogen for a refinery
�50 MW fuel plant to replace fossil hydrogen
�Evaluation of the biomass resources available for such a plant
�Basic - engineering of the gasifier as well as of all other sub units, including pipelines, utility systems, logistic needs
�Optimal use of by-products
�Economic evaluation
Slide 5
All components „Ready to market“
Feedstock alternatives: lignocellulosics –fermentation pretreatment technologies
■ TherChem - Thermochemical pre-treatment of brewers’ spent grains
■ Hymab: Pre-acidification of substrates : increasing CH4 concentration, degradation rate and amount of gras silage, reducing viscosity
Slide 6
Slide 7
Feedstock alternatives: waste material –slaughterhouse waste to biogas
Project “Desmur”
Targets
■ Increasing degradation rate of slaughterhouse residues to biogas
Methods
■ Strengthen the anaerobic community by nutrients
■ Variation of process parameters for adaptation of microbiology
■ From lab to technical scale
Feedstock alternatives: algae –additive for biogas production
■ Objective: Evaluate the utilization of microalgal biomass as additive to anaerobic biogas fermentation
■ Tasks:
■ Screening for suitable algae strains■ Fermentation experiments with algae
addition at laboratory scale■ Variation of process parameters in
pilot plant (~1m3)■ Status: ongoing
Slide 8
Feedstock alternatives: algae –Perspectives for the Austrian Energy System
■ Scope:
■ Description of production and conversion pathways■ Technical, economic and environmental assessment ■ Scenarios for Austria
■ Results:
■ R&D needs identified along the entire value chain■ Promising raw material for industry and energy■ Currently, no economic production of biofuels ■ Austria as technology developer and know-how exporter
Slide 9
Feedstock alternatives: algae –synergies with waste water treatment
■ Objectives:
■ scientific basis of combined waste water treatment, nutrients retention, and microalgae cultivation
■ identify suitable waste water streams
■ develop production concepts■ define the R&D needs
■ Highlight: Algae Turf Scrubber
Slide 10
■ BIA project: opportunities and risks of biofuels, focused on Jatropha curcas
■ Conclusions:
■ Productivity is low and highly variable, Jatropha is not (yet?) profitable
■ Small-scale technologies for rural development (electrification, lighting, and cooking)
■ Jatropha oil suitable for biodiesel production, but quality management is a must
■ Jatropha may increase food insecurity
Colonisation for energy? –Jatropha oil in Africa
Slide 11 Read more: www.bioenergyinafrica.net/home.html
International collaboration –Biofuels Sector Monitoring
■ EBTP (European Biofuels Technology Platform) aims for
■ cost-competitive world-class biofuels value chains■ healthy biofuels industry■ sustainable deployment of biofuels in the EU
■ Industry-driven, support from EC
■ Tasks:
■ Biofuels sector monitoring■ Strategic Research Agenda (update and implementation)
■ Stakeholder Involvement
Slide 12
■ International platform to promote cleaner and more energy efficient fuels and vehicle technologies
■ IEA Implementing Agreement, 12 active Annexes/Tasks
■ Topics:
■ Application of alcohol fuels■ Application of alternative diesel fuels■ Use of biomethane in engines■ Comparison of technology options■ Value chain assessments■ Toxicity of exhaust gases
International collaboration –IEA Advanced Motor Fuels
Slide 13
www.iea-amf.org
■ Task 39 : Commercializing Conventional & Advanced Liquid Biofuels from Biomass
■ Objective: promote transportation biofuels
■ Recent publications:
■ Advanced Biofuels – GHG Emissions and Energy Balances
■ Status of Advanced Biofuels Demonstration Facilities in 2012
■ Biodiesel GHG Emissions: Past, Present and Future
■ Technology Roadmap: Biofuels for Transport■ Current Status and Potential of Algal Biofuels
International collaboration –IEA Bioenergy Task 39
Slide 14www.task39.org