bioengineering at the nibib, nih asee engineering research … · 2019-01-17 · department of...
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Department of Health & Human ServicesDepartment of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of HealthNational Institutes of Health
Bioengineering at the NIBIB, NIH
ASEE Engineering Research CouncilMarch 18, 2008
William Heetderks, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Director for Science Programs
National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Challenge of Rising U.S. Health ExpendituresBiomedical Research Must Deliver
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
2016
2012
2009
2006
2003
2000
1997
1994
1991
1988
1985
1982
National Health Expenditures as a Percent of GDP
1980
ActualProjected
Per
cent
of U
.S. G
DP
$4.1trillion
http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalHealthExpendData/downloads/proj20http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalHealthExpendData/downloads/proj20http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalHealthExpendData/downloads/proj2006.pdf06.pdf06.pdf
NIH Mission
NIH is the NIH is the steward of steward of medical and behavioral medical and behavioral researchresearch for the Nation.for the Nation.
Its mission is science in Its mission is science in pursuit of pursuit of fundamental fundamental knowledgeknowledge about the nature about the nature and behavior of living and behavior of living systems and the application systems and the application of that knowledge to of that knowledge to extend extend healthy life and reduce the healthy life and reduce the burdens of illness and burdens of illness and disabilitydisability..
An agency of the Department of
Health and Human Services, the NIH is
the Federal focal point for health
research.
NCINCI
NEINEI
NHLBINHLBI
NHGRINHGRI
NIANIA
NIAAANIAAA
NIAIDNIAID
NIAMSNIAMS
NICHDNICHDNIDCDNIDCD
NIDCRNIDCR
NIDDKNIDDK
NIDANIDA
NIEHSNIEHS
NIGMSNIGMS
NIMHNIMH
NINDSNINDS
NINRNINR
NLMNLM
NIBIBNIBIB
Clin. Ctr.Clin. Ctr.
CITCIT
NCCAMNCCAM
NCRRNCRR
NCMHDNCMHD
FICFIC
CSRCSR
www.[Institute].nih.govwww.[Institute].nih.gov
NIBIB Mission
Improve human health by leading the Improve human health by leading the development and accelerating the development and accelerating the application of biomedical technologies.application of biomedical technologies.
The Institute is committed to integrating The Institute is committed to integrating the physical and engineering sciences the physical and engineering sciences with the life sciences to advance basic with the life sciences to advance basic research and medical care.research and medical care.
Scope of Mission•• Research and develop Research and develop newnew biomedical imaging and biomedical imaging and
bioengineering techniques and devicesbioengineering techniques and devices
•• Enhance Enhance existingexisting imaging and bioengineering modalitiesimaging and bioengineering modalities
•• Support Support related researchrelated research in the physical and mathematical in the physical and mathematical sciencessciences
•• Encourage research and development in Encourage research and development in multidisciplinarymultidisciplinary areasareas
•• Support studies to assess the Support studies to assess the effectiveness and outcomeseffectiveness and outcomes of of new biologics, materials, processes, devices, and proceduresnew biologics, materials, processes, devices, and procedures
•• Develop technologies for Develop technologies for early early disease disease detectiondetection and and assessmentassessment of health statusof health status
•• Develop advanced imaging and engineering techniques for Develop advanced imaging and engineering techniques for conducting biomedical research at multiple scalesconducting biomedical research at multiple scales
NIBIB Funding
050
100150200250300350
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
(PB)Fiscal Year
Dollars in Millions
FY 2007 NIBIB Joint Resolution Budget(Dollars in Thousands)
FY 07 Joint Resolution = $296,887
RPGs$214,526
72.2%
Other Research
$5,5051.9%
Training(F & T only)
$11,1543.8%
Contracts$14,435
4.9%Intramural
$7,7182.6%
Centers$27,750
9.3%
RMS$15,799
5.3%
Funding of R01 and R21 by School
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Medical School EngineeringSchool
PhysicalSciences
BiologicalSciences
Other Not ElsewhereClassified
# of
Aw
ards
2007 Actuals
RESEARCHRESEARCH NUMBERNUMBER DOLLARS (M)DOLLARS (M)
OngoingOngoing 398398 134134
RenewalRenewal 3636 1515
NewNew 208208 6565
SBIRSBIR 4646 7.57.5
CentersCenters 2424 2626
TRAININGTRAINING 235235 11.111.1
Four stories
•• R21 Award R21 Award ––Jon Jon DingwellDingwell
•• Quantum grant Quantum grant –– MehmetMehmet TonerToner
•• R01 Award R01 Award –– Gayle Gayle WoloschakWoloschak
•• Training Training –– by the numbersby the numbers
Tracking Fatigue from KinematicsTracking Fatigue from KinematicsJONATHAN B DINGWELL, U TEXAS AUSTIN, R21EB003425JONATHAN B DINGWELL, U TEXAS AUSTIN, R21EB003425--0202
10 10 ““Highly TrainedHighly Trained””cyclists (USCF cyclists (USCF ≥≥ 3)3)
Cycled to exhaustion at Cycled to exhaustion at 100% VO100% VO2Max2Max
Tracking metrics defined from slowTracking metrics defined from slow--time time drift, drift, φφ(t(t), in the fast), in the fast--time kinematics, time kinematics, yy(t(t):):
y(n)
y(n+k)
ε ky(n)
y(n+k)
ε ky(n)
y(n+k)
ε k
“Reference” Trajectory“Damaged” Trajectory“Reference” Trajectory“Damaged” Trajectory εk = The “Drift”
Tracking Metric:Tracking Metric:
Circulating Tumor Cells
The seeding of tumor cells and/or tumor microemboli into the peripheral blood is the hallmark of tumor invasiveness
Primary tumor angiogenesis-Seeding of
tumor cells into vasculature
Intravasation
Circulating tumormicroemboli
CTC
Apoptotic CTC
Extravasation
Micro-metastases Metastasis
Dormant
1/109 cells in circulation
Overall Process and CTC-chip
CTC-Chip Design Goals:• Minimal handling
– single-step, no pre-labeling, no pre-processing of the sample• Gentle• Uniform processing conditions
CTC-Chip Design Goals:• Minimal handling
– single-step, no pre-labeling, no pre-processing of the sample• Gentle• Uniform processing conditions
Microposts coated with Ab for EpCAM
CTC-Chip: Critical DimensionsW
=25mm
L=66mm
Inlet Outlet
Active capture area : 970mm2
Number of posts: 78,000
‘World-to-Chip’ Coupling
Patient Samples: CTC Recovery
Longitudinal Correlation of CTCs with Disease CourseLecia Sequist
NanoNano--scale Engineering of Multifunctional Probes for scale Engineering of Multifunctional Probes for GeneGene--specific Intervention and Treatmentspecific Intervention and Treatment
Gayle Gayle WoloschakWoloschak, Ph.D.; Dept. of Radiology and Radiation Oncology; Northwester, Ph.D.; Dept. of Radiology and Radiation Oncology; Northwestern Universityn University
Goal: To develop therapeutic MR probes based on the semiconductingproperties of titanium dioxide (TiO2). Dr. Woloschak’s laboratory focused
on conjugating specific DNA oligonucleotides to TiO2 nanoparticles for intracellular manipulation, imaging, and gene silencing
X ray FluorescenceMagnetic Resonance Imaging
Cellular and Intracellular Targeting
NanoparticleNanoparticle DesignDesign Therapeutic FunctionTherapeutic Function
How do these nanoconjugates inactivatespecific genes in cells?
By DNA-mediated cleavage(click here)
Imaging Cellular Uptake and Stability of Imaging Cellular Uptake and Stability of MitochondriaMitochondria--targeted targeted NanoconjugatesNanoconjugates
Transmission electron microscopy reveals
the presence of nanoparticles inside a pair of mitochondria
Rat PC12 cell line transfected with DNA Oligonucleotide-TiO2 nanoparticles formulated with Gd for MRI
MR images display a positive contrast for transfected cells (B, C) while non-
transfected cells (A) do not
a) c)
b)
Elemental map using X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy shows Ti/Gd overlap in a single
transfected cell (row a) compared to non-transfected cells (row b)
NANO LETTERS, 2007, 7:3,596JACS, 2007, 129, 15760
NIBIB Trainees
0
50
100
150
200
250
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
T TraineesF TraineesK Trainees
* Includes 204 T32 and 10 T35 trainees.
*
0
50
100
150
200
250
Training-supported
Undergrad PredocPostdoc Faculty
546
Current NIBIB Portfolio Areas
• Medical devices & implant sciences
• Mathematical modeling, simulation & analysis
• Magnetic resonance imaging & spectroscopy
• Nanotechnology
• Nuclear medicine
• Optical imaging & spectroscopy
• Platform technologies
Current NIBIB Portfolio Areas• Image processing, displays & perception
• Surgical technologies
• Telemedicine
• Tissue engineering
• Ultrasound, photoacoustics & thermoacoustics
• X-ray, electron & ion beam techniques
• Rehabilitation engineering
NIBIB Policy on “New” Investigator Funding
•• Investigators Investigators ““newnew”” to the NIH who have to the NIH who have scores within 5 percentile points of the pay scores within 5 percentile points of the pay line will be funded.line will be funded.
•• This program will improve the success of new This program will improve the success of new applicants for R01 awards. applicants for R01 awards.
•• This policy will apply only to Program This policy will apply only to Program Announcement and unsolicited R01 Announcement and unsolicited R01 applications.applications.
Bridge Funding at First Renewal
•• Investigator at first renewal of first R01 Investigator at first renewal of first R01 awardaward
•• Within 3% points of the Within 3% points of the paylinepayline
•• Receives one year bridge funding at Receives one year bridge funding at level of prior yearlevel of prior year
Who are you going to call?
•• Scientific program staff at research Scientific program staff at research institutes and centersinstitutes and centers
•• Have good overview of their IC and others Have good overview of their IC and others with related programswith related programs
•• For NIBIB the list is available at For NIBIB the list is available at www.nibib.nih.govwww.nibib.nih.gov
NIBIB Scientific Program Staff
Christine Kelley [email protected] Korte [email protected] Peng [email protected] Cohen [email protected] Hunzinger [email protected] Henderson [email protected]
Alan McLaughlin [email protected] Haller [email protected] Lopez [email protected] Zhang [email protected]
Richard Baird [email protected] Erim [email protected]
Bioengineering Sciences and Technologies IRG [BST]
•• Gene and Drug Delivery Systems [GDD]Gene and Drug Delivery Systems [GDD]
•• Microscopic Imaging [MI]Microscopic Imaging [MI]
•• Modeling and Analysis of Biological Systems [MABS]Modeling and Analysis of Biological Systems [MABS]
•• BiodataBiodata Management and Analysis [BDMA]Management and Analysis [BDMA]
•• Instrumentation and Systems Development [ISD]Instrumentation and Systems Development [ISD]
•• Biomaterials and Biomaterials and BiointerfacesBiointerfaces [BMBI][BMBI]
Surgical Sciences, Biomedical Imaging, and
Bioengineering IRG [SBIB]
•• Biomedical Imaging Technology [BMIT]Biomedical Imaging Technology [BMIT]
•• Medical Imaging [MEDI]Medical Imaging [MEDI]
•• Biomedical Computing and Health Informatics [BCHI]Biomedical Computing and Health Informatics [BCHI]
•• Bioengineering, Technology, and Surgical Sciences [BTSS]* Bioengineering, Technology, and Surgical Sciences [BTSS]*
•• Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Trauma [SAT]Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Trauma [SAT]
•• Small Business Biomedical Imaging [SBMI] Small Business Biomedical Imaging [SBMI]
•• Small Business Bioengineering, Surgical Sciences and Technology Small Business Bioengineering, Surgical Sciences and Technology [SBTS][SBTS]
•• Small Business Biomedical Sensing, Measurement and InstrumentatiSmall Business Biomedical Sensing, Measurement and Instrumentation [SSMI]on [SSMI]
•• Small Business Small Business BioelectromagneticsBioelectromagnetics Special Emphasis PanelSpecial Emphasis Panel
