Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Bioenergy: Short status of the

situation in Denmark

Kathrine Hauge Madsen

khm@landscentret.dk

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Content

• Production of energy in Denmark

• Biomass production for energy• Solid fuels

• Transport fuels

• Crops for biogas production

• New energy policy announced by Danish government 19 January 07

11% of energy consump.

0,1% - 0-?% -

North sea oil

Oil

production of primary energy

Danish Energy Authority 2006

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Peter B. Nissen from Danish Energy Authority 2006

Oil production, consumption and prediction for Denmark

?Technology

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Energy production in Denmark

Danish Energy Authority 2006

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Available resources of waste/secondary biomass

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Straw Wood Manure Waste

PJ

Used 2004 Available

Danish Energy Authority 2006

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Straw in the Danish energy supply

0

5

10

15

20

1972

1977

1980

1983

1986

1989

1992

1995

1998

2001

2004

Year

PJ

Danish Energy Authority 2006

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Prohibited to burn cereal grains in boilers larger than 250 kW

• § 13. The board cannot approve coal, and products which may be use for food, including fish- and oilseed rape oil, surplus butter, cereals etc. as fuels for the public heating plants• Danish legislation concerning new projects in the

public heating supply sector

• Ethical concerns about use of food products in a world where some people starve

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Energy crops in Denmark 2006

Type Ha Percent

Oilseed rape 58.555 2,26

Willow (Salix) 1.501 0,06

Miscanthus 64 0,002

Proportion of Danish arable land

Below 5%

DFFE, November 06

(85-100.000)

Willow (Salix)• Low level of nitrate

leaching

• Higher density of animals

• Income from hunting

• Different pattern of work load

• Grows for 18-25 years

• Harvested during winter

• Reasonable economy

• 300-2.200 DKK pr. ha

• Option to use sewage sludge for fertilizing crop

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Market for wood chips and pellets in Denmark

02468

10121416

PJ

Danish Import

02468

10121416

PJ

Danish Import

Wood pellets Wood chips

Danish Energy Authority 2006

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

1. vs. 2. Generation bioethanol

• 1. Generation known technology

• Cereals, maize, sugar beets, sugar cane

• 2. Generation under development

• Use of whole plants and waste products, but needs to be scaled up

Bio95 introduced 30 May 2006

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

IBUS: 1 ton straw per hour

Pretreatment equipment

Anne Belinda Thomsen, Risø

Maxifuel pilot plant ethanol and biogas

Birgitte Ahring, DTU

Biogas plants in Denmark• 4-5% of the Danish slurry

production

• 19 Centralized plants

• 60 farm scale plants

• Guarantied price on electricity produced

• 0.60 DKK per kWh ~ 0.08 €

• 0.45 DKK per kg dry matter

• Limited amounts of organic waste

• Interest for energy crops

Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

Energy crops for biogas production – Contribution margin after machinery costs

-3000

-2000

-1000

0

1000

2000

Maize Triticale Oilseed rape Permanentgrassland

DK

K p

er

ha

2004 10% energy crop

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

New energy plan 2025, 1

Renewable energy in percent of total energy consumption

DK-2025

EU-2020

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

New energy plan 2025, 2

• Renewable energy at least 30% by 2025• More biomass for co-generated heat and electricity

• Triple the use of biogas

• Establish 50 large plants

• Biofuels for transport 10% by 2020• Before 2010 full scale research refineries for 2.

generation bioethanol

• Provided economical and environmentally sustainable technology is available….

• Waste/secondary products (waste, straw, slurry)

• Currently debated in the Danish parliament

New energy plan 2025, 3

Example: 30% renewable energy by 2025

Waste

Biogas

Straw and wood

Windpower

Heat pumps, solar cells etc.

Danish Agricultural Advisory ServiceNational Centre

• DK total energy consumption constant• Same level as in the 1970s

• Research/development doubled • 1 billion DKK

• Aim: less dependency of fossil fuels

• Currently negotiated with the Danish parliament

New energy plan 2025, 4