bioenergy engineering program
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Bioenergy Engineering
Introduction
![Page 2: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Biomass is material derived from plant and
animal sources.
Products of Forestry, Agriculture, Urban and
Industrial Waste Disposables are sources of
biomass that may be converted into biofuels
![Page 3: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Objectives of Bio-energy Program:
• To make bio-energy a major energy
source & elevate its present status as
the ‘poor man’s oil’ into a modern
energy source, use advanced
techniques.
• Produce biomass renewably and
convert it efficiently into electricity,
gaseous, liquid and processed solid
fuels.
![Page 5: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What categories of biomass
are sources?
• From agriculture, residues and energy
crops.
• From forests, trees.
• From Urban and rural waste and
treatment and disposal, solid, liquid and
gas fuels.
![Page 6: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
TREES OF INDIA
Energy resource
![Page 9: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
BIOMASS UTILIZATION
![Page 20: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
BIOMASS UTILIZATION
• Biomass production needs in addition to
plant or seed, the inputs of allocation of
land, soil with nutrients, water and
labour. Photosynthesis yields food,
feed, fodder and materials and energy
may be derived from byproduct of these
uses. Conversion of biomass can yield
energy as heat and transport fuel.
![Page 21: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
BIOMASS CONVERSION
METHODS
• Combustion
• Pyrolysis
• Gasification
• Fermentation
• Transesterification
• Physical, Chemical processing
![Page 22: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Agro-residues and agro-industry residues-2
• Biomass residues and by products are
available in abundance at the agro processing
centres (rice husk, bagasse, molasses,
coconut shell, groundnut shell, maize cobs,
potato waste, coffee waste, whey), farms
(rice straw, cotton sticks, jute sticks).
![Page 26: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
briquetting or pelleting
• The process is called
biomass briquetting or pelleting.
• Compressed biomass briquettes are usually cylindrical in shape with a diameter between 30 to 90 mm and length varying between 100 to 400mm.
• Briquetting consists of applying pressure to a mass of particles with or without a binder and converting it into compact aggregate. Ram type and screw type machinery are used for the manufacture of briquettes.
![Page 27: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Biochemical conversion
• Residual sugar from molasses can be
converted to ethanol/ butanol through
fermentation.
• Lipase enzymes catalyze release of
fatty acids from triglyceride (oil/fat)
which then react with methanol to yield
biodiesel.
• Anaerobic digestion is a microbial
process that yields methane rich gas.
![Page 30: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Liquid biofuels
Liquid biofuels, usually in the form of alcohol, can
be produced from the plant components oil, sugar
and starch, and ligno-cellulose containing plants
can be converted to solid fuel, methanol, synthetic
gas or ethanol.
The most important liquid biofuels produced from
biomass are ethanol, methanol and fatty acid
methyl ester (biodiesel).
![Page 32: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Ethanol is of particular importance, since it can
readily be used as a fuel for spark ignition
engines.
It can be produced from a wide range of
agricultural products: sacchariferous
materials such as sugar cane, sugar beet and
sweet sorghum; starchy materials including
cereal grains, cassava and potatoes.
![Page 33: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Production of vegetable oil as a substitute for
diesel fuel is a relatively simple process. It
involves extracting the oil from the oilseed,
filtering, degumming and reducing its
viscosity through trans-esterification by using
ethanol or methanol. Tree borne non-edible oil
like jatropha may be utilized with methanol and
catalyst.
![Page 35: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Cogeneration
![Page 36: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The Biomass Power Programme of India has
reached the take off stage, after dedicated and
sustained efforts over the last decade. The total
potential is about 19,500 MW, including 3,500 MW of
exportable surplus power from bagasse-based co-
generation in sugar mills, and 16,000 MW of grid
quality power from other biomass resources.
![Page 38: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
BIOMASS INTEGRATED GASIFIER /GAS TURBINE (BIG/ GT) TECHNOLOGY
• HIGH THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE EFFICIENCY GAS TURBINES TECHNOLOGY IS MADE
AVAILABLE NOW AT REASONABLE COSTS LOW UNIT CAPITAL COST AT MODEST SCALES
FEASIBLE IT IS EXPECTED THAT THIS TECHNOLOGY WILL
BE COMMERCIALLY SUCCESSFUL IN THE NEXT TEN YEARS.
![Page 39: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Biomass energy is not necessarily the ‘poor man’s
fuel’, its role is rapidly changing for a combination of
environmental, energy, climatic, social and economic
reasons. It is increasingly becoming the fuel of the
environmentally-conscious, rich society. The use of
biomass energy has many pros and cons. One of the
major barriers confronting renewable energy is that
the conventional fuels do not take into account the
external costs of energy, such as environmental
costs.
![Page 42: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Bioenergy engineering program](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042602/55b73847bb61eb30038b481c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)