biochemistry of blood, heme biosynthesis and degradation
TRANSCRIPT
Biochemistry of blood. Heme biosynthesis and degradation.
Composition of blood
plasma
erythrocytes
Leucocytes and platelets
Blood performs three major functions: transport through the body of
oxygen and carbon dioxide food molecules (glucose, lipids, amino acids) ions (e.g., Na+, Ca2+, HCO3−) wastes (e.g., urea) hormones
defense of the body against infections and other foreign materials. All the WBCs participate in these defenses.
Homeostatic functions- heat- water- salt balance- Acid – base balance- osmosis- blood clotting- formation of hormonoids
Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
The most numerous type in the blood.
•Features:•The erythrocytes doesn’t contain nucleus, chromatine•The erythrocytes doesn’t contain mytochondrias, thus АТP producing due to the anaerobic glycolisis till to the lactate (90%).•The glycolisis has features. During it the 2,3 BPG will be produced, not 1,3 BPG. This compound need for joining О2 to hemoglobin: low concentration of 2,3 BPG will increase the affinity hemoglobin (Нв) to О2.• The PPP is the main path for producing of reductive equivalents NADPН2 for taking part in glycolisis
Red blood cells are responsible for the
transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In adult humans the
hemoglobin (Hb) molecule consists of four polypeptides: two alpha (α) chains of
141 amino acids and two beta (β) chains of 146
amino acids Each of these is attached the
prosthetic group heme. There is one atom of iron at
the center of each heme. One molecule of oxygen can
bind to each heme. The reaction is reversible.
At norm it 65-85 g/l of proteins. In newborn it less concentration. Albumins is 35-50 g/l. In newborn it less concentration. Globulins are:α1 globulins – 1-4 g/lα2 globulins – 4-8 g/lβ globulins – 6-12 g/l γ globulins – 8-16 g/l
Concentration of γ globulins is higher in newborn.Fibrinogen is 2-4 g/l.
portal vein
hepatic artery
bile duct
sinusoids
bile canaliculi
central vein
Preventing blood loss