Bio-XD 9240 – Leading Biocide Technology

Bio-XD 9240, Bio-XD 9200 & Bio-XD 9980Tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione

• Organosulfur compound that interferes with reproductive enzymes

• Effective against unicellular and filamentous bacteria, fungi, and SRBs

• Breaks down into other biocidal actives• Effective pH range 5-12• Temperature stable down to -50 deg C (AMA® 324W)• 350-750ppm as product

Biocidal action

Optimal-use conditions

SS

N-CH3H3C-N

H H

H

HU.S. EPA 2008 Non-Formaldehyde Releaser

Approved for use in Norway, Denmark & UK

Definitions of Environmental Compliance (CHARM)

Readily biodegradable - Results of >60% biodegradation in 28 days to an OSPAR HOCNF accepted ready biodegradation protocol

Inherently biodegradable - Results of >20% and <60% to an OSPAR HOCNF accepted ready biodegradation protocol or result of  >20% by OSPAR accepted Inherent biodegradation study.

Not biodegradable - Results from OSPAR HOCNF accepted ready biodegradation protocol or inherent biodegradation protocol are <20%

Non-bioaccumulative/non-bioaccumulating - Log Pow <3, or results from a bioaccumulation test (preferably using Mytilus edulis) demonstrates a satisfactory rate of uptake and depuration, or the molecular mass is > 700.

Bioaccumulative/Bioaccumulates - Log Pow >3, or results from a bioaccumulation test (preferably using Mytilus edulis) demonstrates an unsatisfactory rate of uptake and depuration, and the molecular mass is < 700

Aquatic toxicity test result - LC/EC50 data for Skeletonema costatum, Acartia tonsa or Scophthalmus maximus (Juvenile turbot) (units = ppm or mg/litre)

Sediment toxicity test result - LC50 data for Corophium volutator (units = ppm or mg/Kg).

Bio-XD 9240 Features and Benefits

Key Features Benefits

Superior Control over Sulfate & Acid Producing Bacteria

Long-Term Well Preservation

Neutralizes Existing H2S in produced water

Enhancement of Synthetic Friction Reducers in brine systems

High Temperature / High Pressure Tolerant

No known interactions with O2 Scavengers or Corrosion Inhibitors

Eliminates H2S gas from producing waters

Maximizes Equipment Life

Reduced Downstream ”amine sweeting”

Performs under high temperatures

(~ 250 deg F)

Maximizes the Performance of Costly Additives

Boosts Performance of Friction Reducers (Cationic & Anionic)

1. Short Term preservation top side• Protect guar and polymer degradation (Maximize Additive Performance)• Odor control• Eliminate introduction of troublesome APB, SRB to downhole equipment• pH/corrosion Microbiological Induced Corrosion (MIC)

2. Long term preservation down hole• Preserve friction reducer integrity• Stop MIC caused by SRB and APB• Prevent biofilm formation and restriction of flow• Prevent H2S production

• Preserve O2 scavenger

Bio-XD 9240 Usage in Oilfield – An Engineering Approach

Genetics and Biocide Efficacy

Bacteria are extremely adaptable as species

Speed of replication (as little as 30 min.)

Genotypic - true resistance

Phenotypic - tolerance

Tolerance as a result of isolation

H-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C-H

O O

Glutaraldehyde

Competition for food, water, space, and excretion is gone

Tolerance as a result of isolation

H-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C-H

O O

Glutaraldehyde

Tolerance as a result of isolation

H-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C-H

O O

Glutaraldehyde

Tolerance as a result of isolation – Bio-XD 9240

Bio-XD 9240 Control of Aerobic Bacteria

Bio-XD 9240 Control of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB)

Bio-XD 9240 Control of Acid Producing Bacteria (APB)

Bio-XD 9240 Heat Tests – Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB)

Bio-XD 9240 Heat Tests – Acid Producing Bacteria (APB)

Bio-XD 9240 Impact on Anionic Friction Reducer in 2.0% KCL

Bio-XD 9240 Impact on Anionic Friction Reducer in 3.9% Seawater

Bio-XD 9240 Impact on Anionic Friction Reducer in 3.9% Seawater

THPS Impact on Anionic Friction Reducer’s

Glutaraldehyde’s Impact on Anionic Friction Reducer’s

Bio-XD 9240 vs. THPS – Impact on Guar Viscosity

Bio-XD 9240 Impact on Oxygen Scavengers

Bio-XD 9240 Case Study

Bio-XD 9240 Field Evaluations – Long-term Control over H2S

BioXD-924 Field Evaluations – Long-term Control over APB’s & SRB’s

Bio-XD 9240, Bio-XD 9200 & Bio-XD 9980Application Area & Dosage Rates

Application Areas

Bio-XD 9240 Dosage(as product)

Drilling Fluids 100-1000

Work Over 200-1000

Completion Fluids 200-1000

Water Floods 200-500

Stimulation/Hydraulic Fracturing 250-500

Packer Fluids 200-500

Hydro Testing 200-2000

Pigging and Scraping 200-500

Oil & Gas Pipeline & Tank Maintenance 200-2000

Guar Preservation 200-500

Phoenix Chemical Technologies Biocide Offerings – US, AP & SA