bio-technology for renewable sources of energy
TRANSCRIPT
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BIO-TECHNOLOGY FOR RENEWABLE
SOURCES OF ENERGY:
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WHY RENEWABLE SOURCES OF
ENERGY?!
The World currently relies heavily on coal, oil,
and natural gas for its energy. Fossil fuels are
non-renewable, that is, they draw on finite
resources that will eventually dwindle,
becoming too expensive or too
environmentally damaging to retrieve. In
contrast, the many types of renewable energyresources-such as wind and solar energy-are
constantly replenished and will never run out.
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SO WHAT ARE OUR OPTIONS?
Large-scale production of resource-intensive plants,like switchgrass or miscanthus, requires a substantialamount of fertile land, fresh water, and petroleum-based fertilizer to grow. The fuel derived is ethanol, a
lower-energy fuel not compatible with theinfrastructure now used to transport, refine, anddeliver liquid fuels, like gasoline and diesel.
Conversely, algae can produce hydrocarbons capable of
being converted directly into actual gasoline or dieselfuel, which can be transported and delivered to marketusing the existing refinery infrastructure.
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Oil Content % - Average Values
Soy- 20
Canola / Rapeseed- 40
Sunflower- 55
Safflower- 40
Castor- 45
Hemp- 30 Copra (Dry Coconut)- 60
Peanuts / Groundnuts- 50
Palm Kernel- 50
Corn- 7
Mustard- 40
Flaxseed- 45 Jatropha- Seed 40
Jatropha- Kernel 55
Algae- 2 to 40
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THE PRODUCTION LINE:
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ALGAE PRODUCTION INDUSTRIES:
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PRODUCTION IN CLOSED BIO-
REACTORS:
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PRODUCTION IN OPEN BIO-REACTORS:
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WHICH IS BETTER?!
Closed bio reactors are better as they are
easier to control and manipulate. They
prevent pathogen entry also.
Optimal conditions are easily maintained.
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OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR GROWTH
AND LIVING: Parameters
Range
Optima
Temperature (C)
16-27,18-24 Salinity (g.l-1)
12-40,20-24
Light intensity (lux)
1,000-10,000(depends on volume and density),2,500-5,000
Photoperiod (light: dark, hours)
16:8 (minimum),24:0 (maximum)
pH
7-9,8.2-8.7
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SELECTION OF STRAINS:
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BEST STRAINS:
Oil content of few microalgalspecies:
Microalgal speciesOil content(% dw)
Ankistrodesmus TR-87:28-40,Botryococcusbraunii:29-75,Chlorella sp:29,Chlorella
protothecoides-55,Cyclotella DI: 35-
42,Dunaliella tertiolecta: 36-42, Hantzschia DI-
160:66, Nannochloris: 31, Nannochloropsis
46:31-68.
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CONCLUSION:
ALGAEIS THE CHIEF CONTENDER IN THE
RENEWABLE FUEL RACE OF THE 21st CENTURY.
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REFERENCE:
OILGAE.COM
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
ALGAEBASE.ORG