bio insecticide
TRANSCRIPT
Bioinsecticide?Bioinsecticide?
These are certain microorganism, These are certain microorganism, which can control insect population which can control insect population called microbial insecticide or called microbial insecticide or bioinsecticidebioinsecticide..
BIOINSECTICIDESBIOINSECTICIDES
Characteristics of bioinsecticidesCharacteristics of bioinsecticides1.1. High specificityHigh specificity
2.2. VirulenceVirulence
3.3. PersistencePersistence
4.4. ViabilityViability
5.5. EconomicEconomic
6.6. Quality controlQuality control
7.7. SafetySafety
8.8. stability stability
Types of BioinsecticidesTypes of Bioinsecticides
1.1. Bacterial insecticidesBacterial insecticides
2.2. Viral InsecticidesViral Insecticides
3.3. Fungal InsecticidesFungal Insecticides
4.4. Protozoal InsecticidesProtozoal Insecticides
Bacterial InsecticidesBacterial Insecticides
Spore forming bacterial pathogens-
e.g. Bacillus thuringiensis, B. lantimorbis, Bacillus poplliae etc.
Non-Spore forming bacterial pathogens- e.g. Pseudomonas spp., Streptomyces spp., Strepcoccus spp. etc.
Bacillus thuringiensisBacillus thuringiensis
Gram-positive Gram-positive
Sporulating organism Sporulating organism
They contain perasporal body, crystalline They contain perasporal body, crystalline
protein in their spores.protein in their spores.
Mode of action of Mode of action of Bacillus Bacillus thuringiensisthuringiensis
Ingestion of microorganism Ingestion of microorganism
Solubilization of parasporal body of Solubilization of parasporal body of microorganism.microorganism.
Production of active toxin Production of active toxin
Swelling and bursting of mid-gut cellSwelling and bursting of mid-gut cell
Commercial formulation of Commercial formulation of Bacillus Bacillus thuringiensisthuringiensis
Active Active ingredientingredient
Target Target pathogenpathogen
Product Product name name
manufacturermanufacturer
B.t. var. B.t. var. kurstakikurstaki
LepidopteraLepidoptera Thuricede Thuricede DipelDipel
Sandoz ,USASandoz ,USAAbbott, USAAbbott, USA
B.t. var. B.t. var. israelensisisraelensis
Larvae of Larvae of mosquitoes mosquitoes and black flies.and black flies.
TeknarTeknarVectobacVectobacBactimosBactimos
Sandoz, USASandoz, USAAbbott, USAAbbott, USAAntotech, USAAntotech, USA
AdvantagesAdvantages
Effective on insects that have Effective on insects that have developed resistence to other developed resistence to other insecticides.insecticides.
Widely acceptableWidely acceptable
LimitationsLimitations
Less persistence powerLess persistence powerAffected by UV lightAffected by UV lightRequires stickers or spreadersRequires stickers or spreadersAffected by weather conditionsAffected by weather conditions
Improvement in Improvement in BacillusBacillus thuringiensisthuringiensis through through
genetic engineeringgenetic engineering
Development of trans-conjugate Development of trans-conjugate strains that express convention strains that express convention BacillusBacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis genes with genes with wider host spectrum.wider host spectrum.
Direct modification of the specificity Direct modification of the specificity domains.domains.
Development of transgenic microbes Development of transgenic microbes of plant.of plant.
Other bacterial Other bacterial insecticidesinsecticides Bacillus popillae and Bacillus Bacillus popillae and Bacillus
lantimorbis lantimorbis Mode Mode of actionof action
Entry in gutEntry in gut
Germination Germination
Invade cell wallInvade cell wall
MultiplicationMultiplication
VIRAL INSETICIDESVIRAL INSETICIDES
Types of viral insecticidesTypes of viral insecticides
1. Nuclear polyhedrosis virus1. Nuclear polyhedrosis virus
2. Granulosis virus2. Granulosis virus
3. Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus3. Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus
Most effective viral Most effective viral insecticideinsecticide
BaculovirusBaculovirus
Recombinant baculo virusRecombinant baculo virus
Nuclear polyhedrosis virusNuclear polyhedrosis virus
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Polyhedral inclusion bodyPolyhedral inclusion body
Highly refractileHighly refractile
Seen under light microscopeSeen under light microscope
Mode Of ActionMode Of ActionEntry into mid gutEntry into mid gut
Virus disintegrationVirus disintegration
Release of virion Release of virion
Invade cytoplasm and nucleiInvade cytoplasm and nuclei
Lysis of host cellLysis of host cell
Advantages of viral Advantages of viral Insecticides Insecticides
1. High host specificity1. High host specificity
2. Most reliable and safe 2. Most reliable and safe 3.Large scale production 3.Large scale production
cost is less cost is less
FUNGAL INSECTICIDE
IN 1935 FIRST REPORTED THAT FUNGUS CONTROLLING THE INSECTS.
APPROXIMATELY 700 SPP. OF FUNGI ARE PATHOGENIC TO INSECTS .
THEY CAUSES MYCOSIS IN MANY DIFFERENT ARTHOPODS
INFECT ALL STAGES OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE HOST.
FUNGI PENETRATE THE INSECT CUTICLE
DIFFERENT FUNGAL DIFFERENT FUNGAL INSECTICIDESINSECTICIDES
Three main genera of fungiThree main genera of fungiCoelomomicesCoelomomicesLagenidiumLagenidiumCulicinomycesCulicinomyces
Protozoal insecticidesProtozoal insecticides
Mainly microsporidia group of Mainly microsporidia group of speciesspecies
E.gE.g. Nosema . Nosema
Mode of actionMode of action
Entry into mid gutEntry into mid gut
MultiplicationMultiplication
spreadingspreading
Death of insectsDeath of insects
General advantages of General advantages of bioinsecticidebioinsecticide
They are very reliable and safe as they They are very reliable and safe as they have high host specificityhave high host specificity
Being biodegradable in natureBeing biodegradable in natureCultivation is possible at laboratory levelCultivation is possible at laboratory levelRequired less concentration to control Required less concentration to control
insectinsectThey don’t alter the viability of They don’t alter the viability of
biofertilizerbiofertilizer
Limitation of Limitation of bioinsecticidesbioinsecticides
Less species of microbes are only Less species of microbes are only suitable as bioinsecticidesuitable as bioinsecticide
Low persistent powerLow persistent powerMost of the time they give good Most of the time they give good
results at the pilot scale but don not results at the pilot scale but don not give the same results in the field give the same results in the field trials.trials.