bio-energy research and development in china · development in china july 6, 2015 yuan zhenhong,...
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Bio-energy research and
Development in China
July 6, 2015Yuan Zhenhong, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS
No.2 Nengyuan Rd., Guangzhou,510640, www.giec.ac.cn
[email protected], (20)8705 7735
Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences
In this presentation
2
Background and potential
Key scientific challenges and development trends
Current polices
R&D program and roadmap
Cooperation chances
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2015www.giec.ac.cn
1. Background and potential
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2015
Biomass resource is
the organic matter
produced by organisms
from solar energy, which is
an important renewable
energy source，and focus
on agriculture residues,
for instance, straw, rice
hull and bagasse.
•Optimize energy structure
•Improve share of renewable energy
•Build new energy system.
•Find a optimal way for straw
utilization
•Contribute to solving “Three
Rural Issues” and promotion
of new rural construction
Biomass energy industry
•Reduce greenhouse
gas emission
•Mitigate the
environmental
problems from
consuming fossil fuel
Biomass
agricultural straw is about
650 million tons, 50% of which can be utilized, it is equal to about 2.1 million tons of coal
Forestry and wood waste is about 2.7 million tons, 30% of which can be utilized, it is equal to about 0.5 million tons of coal
Conversion of manure and sewage into methane produce energy equal to approximately 1.0 million tons of coal
Municipal solid waste is about
155 million tons, the available
amount is equal to 0.25 million
tons of coal
Currently available biomass
resources is equal to 400
million tons of standard coal
Status of
resources
Resources
51.3
13.8
22.6
9.9 2.4 Agricultural waste
Forestry waste
Livestock waste
Industrial waste
Municipal solid
waste)
62.2
32.9
79.9
10.8
12.5
20.1
5.626.5
Rice
Wheat
Corn
Beans
Tubers
Oil-Crops
Cotton
Sugarcane
struchture
Large-scale and efficient utilization of straw
Significant quantity: 650-700 million tons;
Huge waste: about 150 million tons of straws burned in the
field annually;
Heavy pollution: large amounts of harmful substances such as
CO, CH4 and particles emit while burning;
Adverse effects: health of residents, Highway, civil aviation.
Benefits
(1) Various biomass wastes
Abundant, promising, clean and
efficient utilization
(2) Energy plant/Woods
Has considerable basis and
potential for large-scale
development
(3) Non-grain corn
Adhere to reasonable
development and utilization of
marginal land resources to
produce Non-grain biomass
The long-term exploitable biomass resources in China is
equal to one billion tons of standard coal.
Biomass resources Utilization guidance
Rational development of marginal
land resources,
No occupation of farmland, no
destruction of forest, Grasslands
and natural environment.
Active and steady development of energy agriculture and forestry
Expanding biomass resource base
Maximum priority for utilization
Promoting comprehensive utilization of
resources and environmental protection
Potential in future
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Biomass
Power
Generation
Bio gasBiomass
Molding fuels
Biofuels
Biomass utilizati
on technologies
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2015
Applcations
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Economic
competiveness
Technical
maturity
H2 production
1G/1.5G EtOH
VTO
WCO biodeisel
Gasification power
generation
biogas
Combustion power generation
2G EtOH
CHP
Poly-generation
Molding fuels
Industrialized level
Gasification
synthesis
Ⅱ
Technologies need
high subsidies
I
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Technologies need
low(none) subsidies
needs further R&D Needs new
business patterns
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Technologies
Industries
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2014 2015 target (12th
five year plan)
Biomass power generation
Capacity (GW)
10 13
Biogas utilization(billion m3/a) 14 22
Biomass briquetting fuel (million
tons/a)
7 10
Bioethanol utilization(million tons/a) 1.6 3.5
Biodiesel utilization(million tons/a) 1 1.5
2. Key scientific challenges
and development trendsSlides 14-19
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2015
（1）biomass power generation
Challenges Trends
Boiler caustic corrosion and coking for biomass
direct combustion power generation
Advanced combustion
technology
Low combustion efficiency and dioxin pollution for
MSW power generation
low efficiency of combustion engine tar removal for
gasification power generation
High efficiency power
generation systems
Low average conversion for biogas power
generation
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2015
（2）biomass molding fuel
Challenges Trends
lack of pretreatment and continuous,
systematic, automatic equipment
To development Clean pretreatment
technology &equipment manufacturing
Short service life of the molding die long-duration molding dies
Lack of standards Improvement of the production standards
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（3）bioethanol
Challenges Trends
Non-food bioethanol:
feedstock is hard to store and preserve in fresh;
High energy consumption,
thick mash fermentation, viscosity
reduction, high efficiency ethanol
fermentation and separation, etc.
Cellulosic bioethanol:
Feedstock is hard to hydrolyze,
Low efficiency;
high production cost;
pretreatment, screening and
preparation of low cost cellulase,
consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) ，co-fermentation of C5 and C6
Sugars.
Mono-output, make little use of the feedstock High value byproduct
（4）biodiesel
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Challenges Trends
Lack of clean pretreatment technology for
waste cooling oil (WCO)in China
Deodorization, dehydration and protein
removal technology of WCO
The production process involves toxics
like methanol
Preparation of solid acid and basic
catalyst;
Continuous, modularized and
automatic production system;
Not make full use of the feedstock, lack of
high value utilization technology
FAME and glycerol
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（5）biogas
Challenges Trends
Low energy efficiency of Household
biogas digester（AD）Temperature control technology；automatic feed-in and feed-out device
Lack of high efficiency large-
scale anaerobic digester
AD of mixed organic materials, AD of
high concentration, immobilization of
anaerobic organism, system heat
recovery, fermentation in high
temperature
Lack of advanced biogas utilization
technology
Biogas cleaning and upgrading to vehicle
fuel, making chemicals and valuable by-
products from biogas production
3. Current policesSlides 21-24
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2015
Subsidies for resources Two types of resources subsidies for energy bases and
utilized stalk：
a 180 Yuan($28) subsidy to every MU(0.167 acres) of state certificated biomass energy resource bases;
a 150 Yuan ($23) subsidy to every ton of crops stalk which is converted to commercial energy；
POLICIES
June 1, 2015, © EUBEC,
2015
POLICIES
Two types of price subsidies for biomass
products:
Feed-in tariff of 0.75 Yuan ($0.125 )per KwH
for biomass power generation;
A subsidy of 1400-2000 Yuan ($206-294) per
ton subsidy for biomass fuel ethanol ,
according to the local cost and market status;
Price subsidies
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2015
Support for projects Investment subsidies from National Development and
Reform Commission (NDRC) for demonstration
projects;
A fiscal subsidy of 1-2 billion Yuan ($147m-294m) for
rural domestic biogas & rural biomass gasification
power generation projects from Ministry of
Agriculture (MOA);
Special funds & subsidies from ministry of finance
(MOF);
POLICIES
Favorable tax policies
For the biomass briquetting company, if 70% material
comes from crops stalk, 10% of its income tax is
exempt.
For the bio-diesel company, if 70% material comes
from wasted oil (vegetable oil, animal fat, or both ),
all the consumption tax is exempt.
POLICIES
June 1, 2015, © EUBEC,
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4. R&D program and roadmap
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Side 25-26
field
2020 2025
targets TCE targets TCE
biogas 50 billion m339.9 million
tons80 billion m3 57.07million tons
bioethanol 7 million tons10.29million
tons15 million tons 22.05million tons
biodiesel 2 million tons2.94million
tons5 million tons 7.15million tons
Biomass
molding fuel10 million tons 5million tons 30 million tons 15 million tons
biomass
power30 GW
67.1million
tons 50 GW100.65million tons
Total 125.23million tons207.69million
tons
by 2025, the biomass in China will generation advanced energy of 200
million tons TCE, and highly promote the share of China’s bioenergy
consumption.
Targets
Technical Breakthrough Technique Demonstration Commercial application
2008 2020 2035 2050
Biomass as
replacement
for petroleum
Fuel oil
technology Biogas、Biodiesel
Commercial application
of second generation
technology of petroleum
replacement with
biomass High
quality and
clean
alternative
energy
sources
Alcohol
fuels
technology
Non-alcohol fuels
Cellulosic Ethanol Fuel
Biobased
materials ,
bulk
chemicals
Contact Cracking Technology
Fischer-Tropsch (FT) technology
Biomaterial production technology
Development
of biomass
materials
Energy plant Energy plant selection Commercial application
of energy plantEnergy farm construction
Aquatic
biomass
Aquatic Biomass development
and energy utilization
technology
Commercial application
of third generation
technology of petroleum
replacement with
biomassOil-Content
microorganisms
Selection and development of
oil- content microorganism
Roadmap in future
5. Cooperation chances Slides 30-31
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biomass power generation system
high efficiency boiler and power generation system manufacturing
cellulosic ethanol
low cost, high efficiency cellulase preparation technology and clean
production technology
Biogas
high-efficiency anaerobic reactor, the purification and purification
technology
other areas
energy plant, microalgae, biooil and biomass molding fuels, etc.
Highlighted cooperation areas
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