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173
Index
AAccept/refer/decline decision. See
RoutingAdvice, 148–150Advisory system. See AdviceAgility of decision-making, 10–13,
25–26, 123, 126–127. See also Decision yield
Algorithm, 42, 46, 52–56, 65–66, 73, 76, 88, 119, 125, 136
discovery. See Knowledge discovery, algorithms
Analytic model, 12, 73, 75–76, 87, 124, 133, 136, 142–144. See also Predictive analytics
discovery. See Knowledge discovery, analytic models
APR. See Effective Annual Percentage Rate
Application scorecard. See Scorecard, application
Approver. See Decision rolesAtomicity:
of business process activities, 16–17, 22, 82
of business rules, 110–111, 113. See also Rule set characteristics
Authority level, 26–28, 126, 147Automated decision-making. See
Decision-making, automatedAutomation scoping. See Scoping,
automation
Automation scoping document. See Scoping, document
BBack-propagation, 64Behavioral scorecard. See Scorecard,
behavioralBI. See Business intelligenceBig design up front, 100BPM. See Business process
managementBPMN. See Business Process
Modeling NotationBPMS. See Business process
management systemBRE. See Business rule engineBRG. See Business Rules GroupBRMS. See Business rules
management systemBureau data, 10, 12, 35–36, 62, 74–
75, 84–85, 102, 107–108, 130Business domain expert. See Subject
matter expertBusiness intelligence, 9, 57Business knowledge. See KnowledgeBusiness process design, 15–16,
20–33, 36–39Business process management, 15–17Business process management
system, 16–20, 28, 32, 65–68, 106, 116, 130, 136, 145, 149–150
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COPYRIG
HTED M
ATERIAL
174 ◾ Index
Business process model, 16–36, 82–83
Business Process Modeling Notation, 16–17, 24, 28, 82
Business process redesign. See Business process design
Business rule engine, 42, 45–47, 124Business rule task in BPMN, 17,
28, 82Business rules, 37, 42–53, 55, 65–67,
72–73, 88, 90, 97, 120, 123, 125–126, 128, 136–142, 148
approach, 37–38, 44discovery. See Knowledge
discovery, business rulesenforcement, 51–52examples, 43–44
Business Rules Group, 37, 50–52Business rules management system,
20, 42, 55, 58–59, 61–62, 66, 68, 87, 98, 109, 116–118, 124–126, 130, 135–136, 142, 147
Business rules manifesto, 50–52
CC4.5, 58C5.0, 58Categorical decision, 136–139Chaining, 45–47, 117–118,
124, 142Champion-challenger, 144–147Change management, 26–27, 105Characteristic. See Scorecard
characteristicCollaborative decision-making. See
Decision-making, collaborativeCompleteness, 50, 58, 110–113,
136. See also Rule set characteristics
Conflict resolution, 50, 110Conciseness, 110–111, 113. See also
Rule set characteristics
Confidentiality agreement. See Secrecy
Conjunction, 129Consistency:
of decision-making, 10–13, 18, 22, 25–26. See also Decision yield
of rules, 50, 58, 90, 110–111, 150–151. See also Rule set characteristics
Constraints:business rules as, 50–52imposed on user by decision
service, 150–152imposed on decision service by
user, 151–153Construction phase. See Rational
Unified ProcessConsultee. See Decision rolesCopyright, 5Cost of decision-making, 9–13, 15,
25, 35. See also Decision yieldCredit reference agency, 5, 10, 35–
36, 59, 62Credit score, 5, 10Credit scorecard. See Scorecard, credit
DData-directed inference. See ChainingData warehouse, 65–68Davenport, Tom, 56–57, 69Debevoise, Tom, 6, 14Decision:
implementation type, 124–126, 135–147
operational vs. strategic, 7–9, 15Decision flow, 117–119, 133Decision-making:
automated, 6–7, 9–13, 15–18, 20, 22, 25–28, 33–36, 42, 65, 82, 93–96, 101, 105, 113, 135, 147
collaborative, 147–153
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Index ◾ 175
human, 12, 22–25, 28, 32, 74, 89, 147–149
Decision management, 1, 7–13, 15–17, 20, 25–26, 37–38, 65–68, 73, 82, 90, 113, 126
Decision management cycle, 65–68Decision manager. See Decision rolesDecision Model, 74Decision patterns, 135–153Decision point, 17–20, 29–36, 51–
52, 66, 81–84, 87, 89, 136, 145rationalization, 29–33
Decision Process Specification, 22–25Decision Requirements Analysis,
71–91, 93–133, 148, 151Decision Requirements Analysis
Workshop, 79–91, 94–96, 105–107
method, 81–89resources, 79–80scheduling, 80–81
Decision Requirements Diagram, 72–81, 85–89, 93, 96–97, 99–103, 105–109, 112–113, 115–119, 121, 123–124, 126–127, 132–133, 138, 140–143, 145–147
boundaries, 77–78, 88–89, 96partitioning into increments, 77–
78, 101–103, 107, 132–133subgraphs, 116–118, 133
Decision roles, 22–27. See also Decision Process Specification
Decision service, 16–22, 25–28, 32, 35–39, 42, 46, 52–53, 57, 66–68, 72–74, 77, 79–83, 88–89, 93–99, 106–107, 112–113, 116–125, 127–128, 130–133, 135–137, 140, 145–153
design, 115–124design goals, 20–22implementation, 124–133
Decision support, 148–153Decision table, 46–48, 50, 61, 74,
76, 85, 111, 125, 145–147Decision tree, 46–50, 57–59, 61,
111–112Decision yield, 10–13, 25, 95, 126Deduction, 57. See also InferenceDe Ferranti, Sebastian, 62–63Deployment phase. See Project
management, waterfall approach
Design:of business processes. See Business
process designof decision services. See Decision
service designpatterns. See Decision patterns
Design phase. See Project management, waterfall approach
Development phase. See Project management, waterfall approach
Diminishing returns, law of, 2, 4Discovery. See Knowledge discoveryDisjunction, 110, 129DRA. See Decision Requirements
AnalysisDRAW. See Decision Requirements
Analysis WorkshopDRD. See Decision Requirements
DiagramDWH. See Data warehouse
EEAR. See Effective Annual Percentage
RateEconomic growth theory. See Growth
theory, economicEDM. See Decision managementEffective Annual Percentage Rate,
54–55
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176 ◾ Index
Elaboration phase, 104–107, 125, 128. See also Rational Unified Process
Encapsulation, 10–13, 15, 17–18, 21–22, 36–37, 39, 41–68, 93, 99, 106, 115, 124, 132
Enforcement. See Business rules, enforcement
Enterprise decision management. See Decision management
Estimation, 94–99, 104EU-Rent, 52Exceptions, 25–26, 87, 91, 136,
138–142, 147Excludability of goods, 4–5Exclusions. See Scorecard exclusionsExecutable model, 17, 42, 44–45,
58–59, 61–62, 76, 99, 126Explanation. See Reasons
FFact model. See Object modelFair, Bill, 59Fair Isaac Corporation, 10, 59,
94–95Fair Isaac Rational Unified Process,
94Feasibility assessment, 79, 94–97FICO. See Fair Isaac CorporationFIRUP. See Fair Isaac Rational Unified
ProcessFord, Henry, 131Forgy, Charles, 46, 69
GGilovich, Thomas, 69Goal-directed inference. See ChainingGoldberg, Larry, 74, 91Graham, Ann, 57Graham, Ian, 20, 39, 44, 69Griffin, Dale W., 69Growth theory, economic:
neoclassical, 1–2new, 1–5
HHarris, Jeanne, 57, 69Hinton, Geoffrey E., 69Human roles:
in business processes. See Decision roles
in collaborative decision-making. See Decision-making, collaborative
remapping in automation, 22, 26–27, 32. See also Training
IID3, 58IKBS. See Knowledge-based systemILP. See Inductive logic programmingImplementation. See Decision service
implementationImplementation type. See Decision,
implementation typeInception phase. See Rational Unified
ProcessIncrement. See Project management,
iterative approachIndependence, 44, 50, 110–111,
137, 140. See also Rule set characteristics
Induction, 57–59, 65Inductive logic programming, 57–58Inference:
data-directed vs goal-directed. See Chaining
engine. See Business rule enginestrategy, 45–46
Informee. See Decision rolesInheritance, 45Initial operational capability
milestone. See Milestone, initial operational capability
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Index ◾ 177
Inspector. See Decision rolesInstantiation, 45Integration testing. See Testing,
integrationIntellectual property right, 5Intelligent knowledge-based system.
See Knowledge-based systemInteraction between variables, 61IPR. See Intellectual property rightIsaac, Earl, 59Iteration. See Project management,
iterative approachIterative project management. See
Project management, iterative approach
JJones, Charles, 4, 14
KKahneman, Daniel, 69KBS. See Knowledge-based systemKey performance indicator, 13Knowledge, 1–13, 15, 17–18, 20–
22, 25, 37–39, 41–68, 71–79, 85–89, 93, 96–100, 102–103, 106, 115–118, 120, 124–125, 131, 136, 138, 141–146
Knowledge-based system, 42Knowledge configuration, 126–128Knowledge discovery, 38, 72–74,
88–90, 97, 99–103, 106–115algorithms, 109, 113analytic models, 109, 113–115business rules, 109–113workbook, 108–109
Knowledge economy, 5–7Knowledge maintenance, 44, 46,
88, 98, 106, 110, 115, 120, 123–128, 131–132
Knowledge production line, 131–133
Konnersman, Paul, 23–25, 39Kotter, John, 26, 39KPI. See Key performance indicator
LLevels of authority. See Authority
levelLifecycle architecture milestone.
See Milestone, Lifecycle architecture
Lifecycle objectives milestone. See Milestone, Lifecycle objectives
Lucas, Robert, 2–5, 14
MMachine learning, 6–7, 42Macroeconomics. See Growth theory,
economicMeta-ideas, 7Methodology. See Decision
Requirements AnalysisMilestone. See also Rational Unified
Processinitial operational capability,
105lifecycle architecture, 105, 128lifecycle objectives, 104product release, 105
MLP. See Multi-layer PerceptronMONIAC, 2–3Morison, Robert, 57, 69Muggleton, Stephen, 57, 69Multi-layer Perceptron, 63–64
NNash, John, 13–14, 57, 59, 69Neoclassical growth theory. See
Growth theory, economicNeural network, 57, 62–64New growth theory. See Growth
theory, economicNon-linear model, 64
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178 ◾ Index
OObject Management Group, 16–17,
39, 52, 69Object model, 44–45, 47, 52, 88, 95,
112, 115, 119–125, 131, 138–139, 141, 143–144, 146, 153
design, 119–124OMG. See Object Management GroupOntology. See Object modelOperational decision. See Decision,
operational vs. strategicOrchestration, 17. See also Business
process management systemOriginations, 12, 33–36, 81–82,
95, 136process template, 33–36, 82, 136
Outside-in approach, 37–39Override. See Constraints imposed on
decision service by user
PPatent, 5, 7Patterns. See Decision patternsPerceptron. See Multi-layer
PerceptronPhillips, Bill, 2–3Planning. See Project management,
project planningPrecision:
of decision making, 10–13, 25–26. See also Decision yield
of rules, 110. See also Rule set characteristics
Predictive analytics, 6, 42, 56–68. See also Analytic model
Procedure. See AlgorithmProcedure, successive approximation,
53–55Product release milestone. See
Milestone, product releaseProduction line. See Knowledge
production line
Production rule, 50–52. See also Business rules
Project management, 71–72, 77–79iterative approach, 94, 98–99,
101–109, 132project planning, 67–68, 72, 77,
89, 99–107waterfall approach, 94, 99–101,
106Pseudocode, 53, 56
QQuinlan, Ross, 58, 69
RRadar chart, 10–11Raden, Neil, 37Rational Software, 104, 133Rational Unified Process, 94, 104–
107, 125, 128, 132–133Reasons, 18, 23, 136–141Referral, 22, 28–36, 50, 84, 130,
136–137, 141, 147–148. See also Routing
Requirements phase. See Project management, waterfall approach
Reuse, 95, 113, 115–117, 120, 125–126, 131, 135–136, 138, 144
Rete algorithm, 46Return on investment, 9–10, 13Rhode, Frank, 9, 14Rivalry of goods, 4–5ROI. See Return on investmentRomer, Paul, 4–5, 7, 14Rosenberger, Larry, 13–14, 57,
59, 69Ross, Ronald, 37–39, 44, 68–69,
109, 133Routing, 18, 29, 32, 36, 43, 50–52,
83–84, 136–138, 148. See also Referral, Triage
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Index ◾ 179
Rule. See Business rulesRule flow. See Decision flowRule induction. See InductionRule metaphor, 46–50, 61, 73, 111–
112, 125, 136Rule service. See Decision serviceRule set, 44, 46–50, 52–53, 57–59,
61–62, 76, 103, 110–113, 125, 133, 136–138, 141, 144–145
characteristics, 110–111Rummelhart, David, 69RUP. See Rational Unified Process
SSBVR. See Semantics of Business
Vocabulary and Business RulesSchwartz, Mort, 59Scoping:
automation, 67–68, 71–72, 77–79, 88–89, 94–99, 101, 104–107, 112–113
contractual, 94–95document, 89–91, 95–96, 106–
107, 133Score. See Credit scoreScorecard, 57–62, 64, 76, 108,
114–115, 142–144application, 61–62behavioral, 62credit, 62segmented, 142–144. See also
SegmentationScorecard characteristic, 59–62Scorecard exclusions, 115Secrecy, 5–6Segmentation, 48, 61. See also
Scorecard, segmentedSemantics of Business Vocabulary
and Business Rules, 52, 69Service:
stateless, 18–19, 119stateful, 19
web. See Web serviceService-oriented architecture, 19–20SME. See Subject matter expertSpeed of decision-making, 10–13,
25. See also Decision yieldSOA. See Service-oriented
architectureSolow, Robert, 2,14Straight-through processing, 25–28,
33–35, 136, 148Strategic decision. See Decision,
operational vs. strategicStrategy. See Champion-challengerSubgraphs. See Decision
Requirements Diagram, subgraphs
Subprocess, 16, 18Successive approximation. See
Procedure, successive approximation
Subject matter expert, 89–91, 98, 112, 124, 126–127, 131–132
Symmetry of rules and trees, 48Swan, Trevor, 2, 14
TTaylor, James, 7, 13–14, 37, 39Testing, 64, 66, 97–102, 105–107,
112, 123–125, 127–131, 144integration, 125, 128unit, 128–130user, 112, 130
Testing phase. See Project management, waterfall approach
Text mining, 6Top-down approach, 38, 68, 72–72,
87, 115, 121, 125, 135with look-ahead, 38, 87, 121, 125
Towers, Steve, 37–39Traceability, 94, 132–133Trade secret. See Secrecy
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180 ◾ Index
Training, 8, 12, 26–27, 105–106Transition phase. See Rational
Unified ProcessTriage, 148. See also Routing
UUML. See Unified Modeling LanguageUnified Modeling Language, 74Unit testing. See Testing, unitUser testing. See Testing, user
VValue of knowledge:
in economic theory, 1–7. See also Growth theory, economic
in decision-making, 7–13. See also Decision yield
Von Halle, Barbara, 44, 69, 74, 91
WWaterfall. See Project management,
waterfall approachWeb service, 20, 125Web Services Description Language,
125Williams, Ronald J., 69Workshop. See Decision
Requirements Analysis Workshop
WSDL. See Web Services Description Language
XXML Schema Definition, 121–122,
139, 141, 143, 145XSD. See XML Schema Definition
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