binary code - beginning
DESCRIPTION
This is a powerpoint to help students learn a little about binary code. Learn to count in binary and learn how the alphabet is coded in binary.TRANSCRIPT
Binary CodeBinary CodeThe Language of Your ComputerThe Language of Your Computer
Input/OutputInput/Output
Input is whatever is put into a computer. Input is whatever is put into a computer.
Input can be data, letters, numbers, symbols, Input can be data, letters, numbers, symbols, shapes, sounds, pressure, light beams or shapes, sounds, pressure, light beams or whatever material needs processing. whatever material needs processing.
Output hardware consists of devices that Output hardware consists of devices that translate information processed by the translate information processed by the computer into a form humans can understand - computer into a form humans can understand - print, sound, graphics, or video, for example.print, sound, graphics, or video, for example.
The Binary SystemThe Binary System
The base of all programs is the binary system, The base of all programs is the binary system, a number system of two - 1 and 0.a number system of two - 1 and 0.
These represent On and Off - the position for These represent On and Off - the position for an electrical signal to pass through (or not) a an electrical signal to pass through (or not) a transistor.transistor.
All data and program instructions that go into All data and program instructions that go into the computer to be processed and stored, are the computer to be processed and stored, are represented by these binary numbers. represented by these binary numbers.
Decimal SystemDecimal System
To understand the binary system, we need to To understand the binary system, we need to review our Base 10, decimal system.review our Base 10, decimal system.
The prefix The prefix ““dec-dec-”” means 10 means 10
Our decimal system is based on 10 numbersOur decimal system is based on 10 numbers
(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
When counting, using place value, we fill the When counting, using place value, we fill the ones place and then move to the tens place.ones place and then move to the tens place.
For example:For example:When you count in the When you count in the decimal system (base 10) decimal system (base 10) you fill the oneyou fill the one’’s place, s place, then move to the tenthen move to the ten’’s s place. place.
Only the numbers 0 - 9 are Only the numbers 0 - 9 are used. used.
As each place value is As each place value is filled with the numbers, we filled with the numbers, we continue to the next place continue to the next place value. Each place value is value. Each place value is 10x the previous place.10x the previous place.
1010’’ss 11 ’’ss
99
11 00
11 11
11 22
11 33
100100’’ss 1010’’ss 11 ’’ss
99 99
11 00 00
11 00 11
Counting in Binary Counting in Binary (Base 2)(Base 2)
The prefix The prefix ““bi-bi-”” means two. means two.
The binary system uses only two numbers - 0 and 1.The binary system uses only two numbers - 0 and 1.
We count in the binary system the same as in the We count in the binary system the same as in the decimal system by filling in the place values and decimal system by filling in the place values and moving up the place value chart. moving up the place value chart.
If the decimal system, base 10 has place values 10x If the decimal system, base 10 has place values 10x the previous place - How do you think the place the previous place - How do you think the place values for the binary system are determined?values for the binary system are determined?
Counting in BinaryCounting in Binary
00
11
11 00
11 11
11 00 00
11 00 11
11 11 00
11 11 11
11 00 00 00
Do you see Do you see a pattern?a pattern?
Counting in BinaryCounting in Binary6464’’ss 3232’’ss 1616’’ss 88 ’’ss 44 ’’ss 22 ’’ss 11 ’’ss
00
11
11 00
11 11
11 00 00
11 00 11
11 11 00
11 11 11
11 00 00 00
Each place Each place value is 2x the value is 2x the
previous previous place.place.
DecimDecimalal
00
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
Counting in BinaryCounting in Binary6464’’ss 3232’’ss 1616’’ss 88 ’’ss 44 ’’ss 22 ’’ss 11 ’’ss
00
11
11 00
11 11
11 00 00
11 00 11
11 11 00
11 11 11
11 00 00 00
110 = 110 = 66one 4, one 2 = one 4, one 2 =
661000 = 1000 = 88
one 8one 8
DecimDecimalal
00
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
Counting in BinaryCounting in Binary6464’’ss 3232’’ss 1616’’ss 88 ’’ss 44 ’’ss 22 ’’ss 11 ’’ss
11 00 11 00 00 11
What is this What is this binary binary
number?number?
What is this What is this binary binary
number?number?
Counting in BinaryCounting in Binary6464’’ss 3232’’ss 1616’’ss 88 ’’ss 44 ’’ss 22 ’’ss 11 ’’ss
11 00 11 00 00 11
((3232) ) ++
((00) +) + ((88) +) + ((00) + ) + ((00) +) + 1=1=
Determine Determine the place the place
values and values and add them add them together.together.
Determine Determine the place the place
values and values and add them add them together.together.
41414141
Try Try countincounting to 20.g to 20.
Try Try countincounting to 20.g to 20.
Counting to 20 in binaryCounting to 20 in binaryBinaryBinary DecimalDecimal
11 11
1010 22
1111 33
100100 44
101101 55
110110 66
111111 77
10001000 88
10011001 99
10101010 1010
BinaryBinary DecimalDecimal
10111011 1111
11001100 1212
11011101 1313
11101110 1414
11111111 1515
1000010000 1616
1000110001 1717
1001010010 1818
1001110011 1919
1010010100 2020
Bits and BytesBits and Bytes
Bit - In the binary system, each 0 or 1 is called Bit - In the binary system, each 0 or 1 is called a bit - short for binary digit.a bit - short for binary digit.
Byte - A group of eight bits. The letter Byte - A group of eight bits. The letter ““GG ”” is a is a representation of 1 byte (eight bits).representation of 1 byte (eight bits).
There are 256 combinations of bits available There are 256 combinations of bits available 2288=256=256
The alphabet in binaryThe alphabet in binaryBinaryBinary AlphabetAlphabet
O11OOOO1O11OOOO1 aa
O11OOO1OO11OOO1O bb
O11OOO11O11OOO11 cc
O11OO1OOO11OO1OO dd
O11OO1O1O11OO1O1 ee
O11OO11OO11OO11O ff
O11OO111O11OO111 gg
O11O1OOOO11O1OOO hh
O11O1OO1O11O1OO1 ii
Can you read this?Can you read this?
O11O1OOO_O11O1OO1O11O1OOO_O11O1OO1
Binary code is the base code of Binary code is the base code of computer language. computer language. Once you understand the patterns and Once you understand the patterns and the rules, you can learn other the rules, you can learn other programming languages. programming languages.
Have fun coding!Have fun coding!
SourcesSources
Adapted from, Adapted from, Using Information Technology,Using Information Technology, Williams/SawyerWilliams/Sawyer
Additional Teaching Additional Teaching LinksLinksText to Binary and Back AgainText to Binary and Back Againhttp://www.roubaixinteractive.com/PlayGround/Binary_Conversion/Binary_To_Text.asp
The Alphabet in BinaryThe Alphabet in Binaryhttp://www.tekmom.com/buzzwords/binaryalphabet.html
Cisco Binary GameCisco Binary Gamehttp://forums.cisco.com/CertCom/game/binary_game_page.htm
http://www.networkclue.com/hardware/computer/binary.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_numeral_system