Bill of Rights ReviewBill of Rights Review FIRST AmendmentFIRST Amendment Freedom of SpeechFreedom of Speech Freedom of PressFreedom of Press Freedom of people to Freedom of people to

peaceably assemblepeaceably assemble Freedom to petition Freedom to petition

government for a redress of government for a redress of grievancesgrievances

Fifth AmendmentFifth Amendment No person may be compelled No person may be compelled

to be a witness against himselfto be a witness against himself Fifth & Sixth AmendmentsFifth & Sixth Amendments Trial by JuryTrial by Jury

The Red Scare and The Red Scare and McCarthyismMcCarthyism

Events leading the Red ScareEvents leading the Red ScareChina falls to Communism (1949)China falls to Communism (1949)Soviets acquire nuclear bomb (1949)Soviets acquire nuclear bomb (1949)Revelations about Spies/EspionageRevelations about Spies/Espionage

Alger Hiss (accused in 1948)Alger Hiss (accused in 1948)Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (arrested 1950)Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (arrested 1950)

Korean War (1950-1953)Korean War (1950-1953)Climate of fear and paranoiaClimate of fear and paranoia

The Red Scare in Full ForceThe Red Scare in Full Force

Truman creates Federal Employee Truman creates Federal Employee Loyalty Program (1947)Loyalty Program (1947)

House Un-American Activities House Un-American Activities Committee (1947) and Hollywood TenCommittee (1947) and Hollywood TenLeads to Hollywood BlacklistsLeads to Hollywood Blacklists

State Loyalty Programs (loyalty oaths)State Loyalty Programs (loyalty oaths)Truman uses Smith Act to attack Truman uses Smith Act to attack

Communist Party (1949)Communist Party (1949)

Enter Joe McCarthy

I have a list of 205…

of 57…

Of 81…

McCarthy’s RiseMcCarthy’s RiseAccuses former Sec. of Accuses former Sec. of

State Acheson of allowing State Acheson of allowing 205 communists in State 205 communists in State Dept.Dept.

Accuses former Sec. of Accuses former Sec. of State George C. MarshallState George C. Marshall

Eisenhower’s handling of Eisenhower’s handling of McCarthy?McCarthy?

1954 – McCarthy accuses 1954 – McCarthy accuses Army of harboring spiesArmy of harboring spies

McCarthy’s McCarthy’s DownfallDownfall

Army hearings are Army hearings are televisedtelevised

Scrutiny of McCarthyScrutiny of McCarthyEd Murrow’s broadcastEd Murrow’s broadcastMurrow’s Murrow’s final responsefinal response

Censured by Senate (67-Censured by Senate (67-22)22)

Dies of alcoholism in 1957Dies of alcoholism in 1957 Watkins v. US (1957)Watkins v. US (1957) HUAC can’t force people to HUAC can’t force people to

name radicalsname radicals

The Museum of Broadcast Communications Archives.url

Edward Murrow

Watch video: “Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency” - Joseph Welch (Counsel for Army)

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

In your opinion, which civil liberties (Bill of Rights) In your opinion, which civil liberties (Bill of Rights) were violated?were violated?

How should we balance national security with civil How should we balance national security with civil liberties? (What safeguards should be used when liberties? (What safeguards should be used when trying to expose spies, yet protecting ideals “Innocent trying to expose spies, yet protecting ideals “Innocent until Proven Guilty” and the Bill of Rights?until Proven Guilty” and the Bill of Rights?

What lessons would you take from this era?What lessons would you take from this era?

What should government policy have been toward What should government policy have been toward members of the members of the Communist partyCommunist party??

How can we apply any of these ideas to the War on How can we apply any of these ideas to the War on Terrorism today? Are there any parallels?Terrorism today? Are there any parallels?