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Bike Sharing Systems Lecture: Intelligent Transport Systems MSc Presenter: Tamás Mátrai BME DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS

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Page 1: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Bike Sharing Systems

Lecture: Intelligent Transport Systems MSc

Presenter: Tamás Mátrai

BME

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS

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1. Bike sharing in general

2. Basics of MOL Bubi

3. Parts of MOL Bubi

4. Interesting facts

Outline

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Basics of bike sharing

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Importance of the topic

People lives in urban area will grow from 3,3 to 6,4

billion until 2050.

In several of her presentation Robin Chase quoted

Stanford professor Banny Banerjee : "You can’t

solve exponential problems with linear solutions.„

Sharing economy can be this non-linear solution.

Until 2001 only some systems exist around the

world, while in 2012 this number increased over 400,

in 2014 the number climbed up over 800, therefore it

shows a non-linear growth.

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Definition of PBS

ECF: “a self-service, short-term, one-way

capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for

several target groups, with network

characteristics”

Mol-Bubi: “Public Bike Sharing (PBS) system is a

new kind of alternative public transport service,

which is an extension of the conventional public

transport system. This service can provide

flexibility to users same as private transport

options. PBS systems provide public bikes for

free or very small fee in the frequently used

urban spaces. The system can be used for one

way trip by anyone.”

Other: “Bike-share programs are networks of

public use bicycles distributed around a city for

use at low cost. Bicycles can be picked up at any

self-serve bike-station and returned to any other

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Comparison of different transport modes

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Bike sharing in the world

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Bike sharing in the world

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Bike sharing in the world

Intelligent Transport Systems

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015*

Nu

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Bike sharing in the world

Intelligent Transport Systems

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

0

200

400

600

800

1 000

Nu

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1. and 2. generations

Intelligent Transport Systems

First generation- Free systems (1965)

•e.g.: White bikes - Amsterdam

•Regular bikes with diferentiating colour

•Free access (Anonim)

•Free usage

•No fix stations

Second generation- Coin based systems (1995)

•e.g.: Bycyklen - Coppenhagen

•Custom bikes

•Access with coin (Anonim)

•Free usage

•Fix stations

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3. and 4. generations

Intelligent Transport Systems

Third generation- ICT based systems (1998)

•e.g.: Vélos á la Carte, Rennes

•Custom bikes

•Access with user card (User identification - registration required)

•Free (usually in the first 30 minutes)

•Fix station

Fourth generation systems - Complex, integrated systems(2005)

•e.g.: Mol-Bubi, Budapest

•Custom bikes

•Access with mobile device (User identification - registrationrequired)

•Free (usually in the first 30 minutes)

•Real time information provision

•Large scale integration with different systems

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high level of integration

urban system,

transport system,

informatics

Modularity

easy adaptation to different events

docks can easily be repositioned,

demand-responsive approach

redistribution,

bonus-malus systems

increased use of environmental-friendly technologies

solar powered station,

electric vehicles

Intelligent Transport Systems

Novelties of the 4th generation systems

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Potential 5th generation

Intelligent Transport Systems

Fifth generation - dockless and smart bikes (2016)

• E.g.: Mobike, Urbo, LimeBike etc. in various cities

• Dockless bicycles without dedicated stations (there are some exceptions)

• Privately funded start-ups and companies

• Access with smartphone (all functions covered by an application)

• Multi-operator model

• May include pedal-assisted bicycles

• Deposit and usage fee (pay per use)

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MOL Bubi

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Alternative of the existing transport supply

Cycling for those who

Do not own a bike

Arriving outside downtown

Change from other transport mode

Increase cycling in downtown

Reduce environmental harm

Enhance the PT experience and accessibility

Introduction of an easy to use and loveable system

Enhance the mobility culture

Goals of MOL Bubi

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Main operating partners

Intelligent Transport Systems

Közbringa Kft.

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MOL Bubi base data

Intelligent Transport Systems

15 km2 service area

1486 bikes

124 docking station

2159 dock

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Maintenance and logistics

Maintenance: Közbringa Kft.

Small scale maintenance on-site,

Large scale on the depot

Logistics

HGV

Trailers

Small bike trailers

Users

Stringbike

Redistribution with bikes

BKK

Coordination

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Pricing

Total fee = Access fee + usage fee

Intelligent Transport Systems

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MOL Bubi system component

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How to hire?

Terminal

Card

PIN

On-board computer

Card

PIN

App

QR code

Intelligent Transport Systems

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IDSignature

MOL Bubi Card

RFID card

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Érintőképernyő

POS

Mol Bubi

kártyaolvasó

Érintésmentes

bankkártya

olvasó

Gyűjtőállomás

megnevezése

Térkép

Hasznos

tippek

Touchscreen terminal

Intelligent Transport Systems

Napelem

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Azonosító

Dokkoló zár

Elérési út

Dock

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Kerékpár

Azonosító

Skálázott

nyeregcső

Elektronikus

lakatFedélzeti

számítógép

Szárny

Agydinamós lámpa

Dokkoló szem

Mol Bubi

kártya olvasó

PIN PAD

Lakathasználati

útmutató

Bike

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Interesting facts

Page 28: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 29: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 30: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 31: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 32: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 33: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 34: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 35: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems (Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

Page 36: Bike Sharing Systems - BME KUKGkukg.bme.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/04/Bike... · 2019. 4. 24. · capable bike rental offer in public spaces, for several target groups,

Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems

(Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Mol-Bubi (Budapest, HU)

Santander Cycle Hire (London, UK)

Vélib (Paris, FR)

Bicing (Barcelona, SP)

BiciMAD (Madrid, SP)

Citibike (New York City, US)

Capital BikeShare (Washington DC, US)

Bixi (Montreal, CA)

EcoBici (Mexico City, ME)

Dockless bikesharing systems

(Shanghai)

Selected systems

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Thank you for your kind

attention!Tamás Mátrai

Research assistant, BME Department of Transport Technology and Economics

+36-20-260-6171

[email protected]

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Források

http://bikes.oobrien.com/global.php#zoom=3&lon=60.0000&lat=40.0000

hvg.hu

http://molbubi.bkk.hu/dokumentumok.php

Radics Miklós: Dockless Bike-sharing Systems in Future Sustainable Cities

– Research and Possible Applications in Budapest and Valencia (MSc

thesis)

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Növekszik a kerékpározás részaránya

1-1,5%-kal olyan városokban, ahol megelőzően kifejezetten alacsony volt

Barcelona (BiBiNg): 0,75% (2005) 1,76% (2007)

Párizs (Vélib’): 1,00% (2001) 2,5% (2007)

Kerékpárhasználat jellege változik

Párizs: első két évben 50 millió utazás

2008-ban a megkérdezettek 28%-a szívesebben használja a Vélib’-et, mint saját

kerékpárját

2009-ben ez az arány 46%

21-28% kombinált utazásra használja (B+R, R+B, P+R+B)

Környezeti hatások

Montreal (Bixi): 6 000 tonnával csökkent az üvegházhatású gázok kibocsátása

2009 májusa óta

Lyon (Velo’v): 35 000 tonna CO2 egyenértékű kibocsátást spóroltak meg

Nemzetközi tapasztalatok

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Informatic system of MOL Bubi

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Informatikai rendszer sémája

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Felhasználó kezelés

Superuser

Legmagasabb jogosultsági szint

Létrehozhat bármilyen szintű felhasználót

Minden felhasználó adatát látja

Adminisztrátor

Második jogosultsági szint

Létrehozhat ügyfél kapcsolati szintet vagy ügyfelet

Csak az általa létrehozott felhasználókhoz kapcsolódó ügyfeleket látja

Ügyfél kapcsolati munkatárs

Harmadik jogosultsági szint

Ügyfélközpontokban dolgozók

Ügyfél

Regisztrált használók

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Felhasználói felületek

Weblap

Applikáció

Érintőképernyős terminál

Egyszerű terminál

Kerékpár pinpad

Minden felhasználói felület a nemzetközi

NextBike központba fut be

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Weblap: molbubi.bkk.hu

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Applikáció

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Adminisztrátori felületek

Nextbike adminisztrátori felület

Minden a rendszerhez kapcsolódó információ

Bérlések

Kerékpárok

Felhasználók

Terminálok

Előfoglalási rendszer, jelenleg nincs aktiválva

Bika – Bicikli karbantartó rendszer

T-system fejlesztés

Hibajegy kezelés

SLA mérést is végez

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Adatbázisok

Kerékpár

ID, telep töltöttsége, helye, stb.

Dokkoló

ID, foglaltság, melyik terminálhoz

tartozik, stb.

Terminálok

ID, foglaltsági adatok, online, stb.

Ügyfelek

ID, Elsődleges kulcs: telefonszám

Másodlagos kulcs: e-mail cím

Minden személyes adat

Bérlések

Honnan, hova, időpontok, pénzügyi

tranzakció, melyik kerékpár, melyik

felhasználó

Tranzakciók

Melyik felhasználó, mikor, milyen

módon, mennyit fizetett

Hibajegyek

Automatikus vs. Kézi

Típus, nyitás, zárás, Megjegyzés

Intelligent Transport Systems

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Adatkommunikáció

Kerékpár

Minden kerékpár külön SIM kártya, GPRS adatkapcsolattal

Board Computer – vékonykliens, nem tárol adatot

DSRC, RFID kommunikáció a dokkolóval vagy a terminállal

Dokkoló

A dokkoló csak egy RFID olvasó és egy fizikai zár

DSRC, RFID kommunikáció a kerékpárral és a terminállal

Vékony kliens, csak adattovábbításra való

Nincs internet elérés

Terminál

Minden terminál külön SIM kártya, GPRS adatkapcsolattal

Összegyűjti a dokkolók adatait és továbbítja a szervernek

Működteti a POS terminált, ez az egyetlen ami adatot tárol

Intelligent Transport Systems