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Re-Orienting Asia Annotated Bibliography 

Family name:Ta Week: 8 Date:5/5/2011Given name:Hai Minh Student no: 1171472 Other name: Workshop (circle one): Tue 1-3, Thur 10-12, 12-2, 2-4

Research Question

Karshi () in urban workforce. What is the cause behind this social negative impact in

Japanese workers and its long term solution?

 Annotated Bibliography 

1. Type of Reference: Research paper  

The dark side of Japanese management in the 1990s: Karoshi and ijime in the Japanese workplace",

Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 19 Iss: 3, pp.312 ± 331

This research paper provides an in depth analysis of Japanese working condition through the 30years time frame with reference to social context in the booming economy period .

The findings in this article includes the avoidance of the government system and cost of 

termination, many employers have adopted the tactics of overeworking employees with unpaid

hours, which essentially lead to karoshi .

The paper also suggest that keeping outdated principles of moral economy is considered no longer 

suitable for the employees,which ,in fact were efficient in the past can no longer be applied in the

current situation and comprehensive welfare is needed .

2. Type of Reference: Research Paper 

Kanai, A. and Wakabayashi, M. (2004) ³Effects of economic environmental changes on job

demands and workaholism in Japan´, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 17 No.5, pp. 537. 

This paper essentially provides descriptions of macro economy situation in Japan and together with

this , establish the link between employment workaholism trend among Japanese employees . As inthe period of 1990s when the bubble economy collapsed and throughout the 1990s leads to

significant decreasing level regarding the enjoyment. The fear of being made redundant causing theworkaholic tendencies to become worse. Moreover, the level of work overload actually increased

for engineers and workers in their 30s and 40s in the middle of the economic depression. Based onthese results, economic changes and job demand interaction mechanism was plotted and suggestion

of a new employee-based support policy is necessary to prevent this social epidemic.

3. Type of Reference: Conference Paper 

Budd, Darlene. "Protecting Japanese Work ers f rom Death by Overwork : The Role of theState?" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association,

 Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois, Apr 20, 2006 

Annotation

This paper reviews Merit-Based Salary System , stress and causes of stress .The findings also useful

as they suggest ways to improve working condition in order to prevent karoshi in the future based

on the statistics figures . Those suggestions include corporate reform, better communication system,

evaluation of employees and utter most , the implementing of policies . The responds also suggest

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government taking active steps into shorten working hours. The comment also emphasise the

effectiveness of working, not the amount of working hours, the ultimate cause of karoshi.

4. Type of reference: Newspaper article

Bibliographical details:

Japanese salarymen fight back T he New York T imes - Wednesday, June 11, 2008 

AnnotationThis article provides a successful of how Japanese workers are suing their companies for better 

treatment. Work ethics and corporate loyalty, in the past, essentially boosted the Japan recovery.However, the economy reached its peak in 1990s and witnessed downturn together with job

insecurity and unpaid overtime has caused negative impacts upon Japanese workers. The articleshows how Hiroshi Takano legal actions against Mc Donaldµs Company.

5. Type of reference: Website

Bibliographical details:

http://karoshi.jp/english/overwork1.html

Annotation (1 paragraph) 

The website provides real data regarding Trend in suicide deaths in postwar Japan. In addition, it

also provides cases received by Karoshi Hotline within the past three years . Age group , industry

sector in which it receives report of work related suicides . This represents the argument that

karoshi varies in different age group and sectors.

Word length total: 631