BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE HISTORY AND

PHILOSOPHY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS

Compiled by: DONALD RICHARD NILSON

This bibliography brings together a large mass of works on the history and philosophy of quantum theory, the latter being emphasized. This emphasis on works concerned with the philosophy, rather than the his­tory, of quantum physics is not indicated by pride of place, but rather by sheer volume of entries. It goes almost without saying that the large body of writings relevant to the study of the history and philosophy of quantum theory is by no means exhausted by the present listing, which consists of almost a thousand entries.

Furthermore, many of the articles and books mentioned here do not fit neatly into the topical categories that I have chosen to use. I have included a limited amount of cross-referencing in order to compensate for this fact In some cases, and for the above reason, I have duplicated a few entries (e.g., Blokhintsev [43] and Blokhintsev [266]). Another nonstandard device utilized in this work is intentional deviations from alphabetical order. In a few cases rather than ordering works in a strictly alphabetical fashion, I have clustered articles which are closely related to one another. Many of these form the now overly familiar constellation of article, reply, rejoinder, and so on It is hoped that this device will save, rather than cost, time on the user's part Works on the philosophy of quantum physics which did not fit well into any of the other classifications are grouped together at the end of the bibliography in category XVII.

Now for some procedural matters: the abbreviations QM (for quantum mechanics) and QL (for quantum logic) are used throughout. The refer­ence numbers prefaced by the letter H indicate a work primarily on the history of quantum physics (e.g., Jammer [H-29]~ Other works are primarily of use in studying the philosophical foundations of QM.

Finally, note that useful supplementary bibliographic material on the history of quantum theory may be found in Heilbron [H-9], a biblio­graphic essay; in Kuhn et aL [H-IO]; and in Jammer [H-29], a virtual gold mine of footnotes. Additional bibliographies on the philosophy of quantum physics (and, incidentally, works of great value to me in the

P. Suppes (ed.) , Logic and Probability in Quantum Mechanics, 457-520. All Rights Reserved Copyright © 1976 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht-Holland

458 BIBLIOGRAPHY

preparation of this bibliography) may be found in Bunge [5]; DeWitt & Graham [143]; Hooker [15] and [180]; and Scheibe [97], which is especially valuable on German works on QM On quantum measure­ment, consult Reece [778]; and on QL also see Gudder [431]; Greechie & Gudder [525]; and Heelan [534].

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I am grateful to Professor Wesley C. Salmon, of the University of Ari­zona, for his encouragement and suggestions in the initial preparation of this bibliography. Without his continuing interest and support, I would not have undertaken the project. In addition, I am indebted to the following people for their much appreciated aid at various stages in the preparation of this work: Lu Burke, Rose Bode, David Pistolesi, James Kiersky, Brian Benson, Dennis Martin, and Diane Nilson.

Emory University

BIBLIOGRAPHY 459

CONTENTS

HISTORY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS

I. General and/or More Popularized Accounts of the Development of QT 460 II. Guides to Historical Source Material 460

III. The Old Quantum Theory and Its Background 460 IV. Quantum Mechanics 461

PHILOSOPHY OF QUANTUM THEORY 462

I. Philosophy and Physics 462 II. General Foundational and Philosophical Studies of Quantum Theory 464

III. Some Texts in Quantum Physics Relevant to Foundational Studies 468 IV. Anthologies with Writings on Quantum Theory 469 V. Interpretations ofQM 470

A. General 470 B. Bohr, Heisenberg, and the Copenhagen Interpretation 471 C. Complementarity 474 D. Statistical Interpretations 475

I. General 475 2. Margenau 476 3. Popper 476 4. Lande 477

E. Marxism and the Interpretation of QM 478 F. Phenomenology and the Interpretation ofQM 478 G. Process Philosophy and the Interpretation ofQM 479 H. Bohm, the Concept of Order, and the Interpretation of QM 479 I. Hidden-Variable Interpretations ofQM 480 J. The Many-Worlds Interpretation ofQM 480

K. Einstein on the Interpretation ofQM 481 L. The Einstein-Bohr Debate 481

VI. The Completeness Problem of QM 482 A. The E-P-R Paradox 482 B. Experiment and the E-P-R Paradox 484 C. Hidden Variables in QM 485 D. Experiments on Hidden Variable Theories 487

VII. Probability Theory and Quantum Theory 487 VIII. Quantum Logic 491

IX. Causality and Determinism in QM 500 X. Time and Energy in Quantum Physics 503

XI. The Observation and Measurement Problems of QM 503 A. The Observation Problem 503 B. The Measurement Problem 503

XII. 'Consciousness' and Quantum Theory 511 XIII. The Bearing of QM on the Question of Human Freedom 512 XIV. Axiomatic Foundations for QM 512 XV. The Uncertainty Relations 514

XVI. Faster-Than-Light Particles: The Question of Tachyons 515 XVII. Miscellaneous Topics in the Foundations ofQM 516

460 BIBLIOGRAPHY

HISTORY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS

I. GENERAL AND/OR MORE POPULARIZED ACCOUNTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF

QUANTUM THEORY

[H-l] Boorse, H. A., and Matz, L. (eds.) The World of the Atom. 2 volumes. New York: Basic Books, 1966.

[H-2] Cline, B. Men Who Mack a New Physics: Physicists and the Quantum Theory. New York: New American Library, 1969. (Originally published by Crowell, New York, 1965, under the title The Questioners.)

[H-3] Crombie, A. C. (ed.) Turning Points in Physics. New York: Harper Torchbook, 1961.

[H-4] Cropper, W. The Quantum Physicists. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.

[H-S] D'Abro, A. The Rise of the New Physics. New York: Dover, 1951.

[H-6] Guillemin, V. The Story of Quantum Mechanics. New York: Scribner's, 1968.

[H-7] Heisenberg, W. Physics and Beyond: Encounters and Conversations. New York: Harper & Row, 1971.

[H-8] Hund, F. The History of Quantum Theory. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1974.

II. GUIDES TO HISTORICAL SOURCE MATERIAL

[H-9] Heilbron, J. 'Quantum Historiography and the Archive for History of Quantum Physics'. History of Science 7 (1968): 90-111.

This is an excellent, short, source guide; it is a good supplement to, and is much more extensive than, the present bibliography.

[H-IO] Kuhn, T. S., Heilbron, J. L., Forman, P., and Allen, L. Sources for the History of Quantum Physics: An Inventory and Repert. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1967.

See also DeWitt & Graham [143], Part I.

III. THE OLD QUANTUM THEORY AND ITS BACKGROUND

[R-ll] Anderson, D. L. The Discovery of the Electron. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1964.

[H-12] Bohr, N. On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules: Papers of 1913 Reprinted from the Philosophical Magazine (Introduction by L. Rosenfeld). Copenhagen: Munksgaard,1963.

[H-l3] Heilbron, J. L. 'A History of the Problem of Atomic Structure from the Discovery of the Electron to the Beginnings of Quantum Mechanics'. UnpUblished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, 1964.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 461

[H-14] Heilbron, J. L. 'The Scattering ofoc andf3 Particles and Rutherford's Atom'. Archive for the History of Exact Science 4 (1967): 247-307.

[H-15] Heilbron, J. L. The Kossel-Sommerfeld Theory and the Ring Atom'. Isis 58 (1967): 451-485.

[H-16] Heilbron, J. L., and Kuhn, T. S. 'The Genesis of the Bohr Atom'. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 1 (1969): 211-290.

[H-17] Hermann, A. The Genesis of Quantwn Theory: (1899-1913). Cambridge: M.LT. Press, 1971.

[H-18] Hirosige, T., and Nixio, S. 'Formation of Bohr's Theory of Atomic Constitution'. Japanese Studies in the History of Science 3 (1964): 6-28.

[H-19] Klein, M. J. 'Max Planck and the Beginnings of Quantum Theory'. Archivefor the History of Exact Science 1 (1962): 459-479.

[H-20] Klein, M. J. Thermodynamics in Einstein's Thought'. Science 157 (1967): 509-516.

[H-21] Klein, M. J. 'Einstein, Specific Heats, and the Early Quantum Theory'. Science 148 (1965): 173-180.

[H-22] Klein, M. J. 'Einstein's First Paper on Quanta'. The Natural Philosopher 2 (1963): 57-86.

[H-23] Klein, M. J. 'Einstein and Wave-Particle Duality'. The Natural Philosopher 3 (1964): 3-49.

[H-24] Reiche, F. The Quantwn Theory. New York: Dutton, 1930. (First edition, in Ger­man, was published 1922.)

[H-25] Rosenfeld, L., 'La premiere phase de l'evolution de la theorie des quanta'. Osiris 2 (1936): 149-196.

[H-26] Sommerfeld, A. Atombau und Spektrallinien. Braunschweig, 1919. (English trans­lation of third edition: London, 1923.)

[H-27] Ter Haar, D. (ed.) The Old Quantwn Theory. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1967. Con­tains an essay by the editor on the development of the older quantum theory and also collects a few of the early papers of Planck, Rutherford, Bohr, and others.

[H-28] Thomson, G. 'The Septuagenarian Electron'. Physics Today 20 (1967): 55-61.

IV. QUANTUM MECHANICS

[H-29] Jammer, M. The Conceptual Development of Quantwn Mechanics. New York: McGraw Hill, 1966. This is the best extended account of the history of quantum

462 BIBLIOGRAPHY

physics published to date; it contains a wealth of references to original and secondary sources.

[H-30] Hanson, N. R. The Concept of the Positron. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.

[H-31] Ludwig, G. (ed.) Wave Mechanics. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1968.

[H-32] Przibram, K. (ed.) Letters on Wave Mechanics. N.Y.: Philosophical Library, 1967.

[H-33] Raman, V. V., and Forman, P. 'Why Was It Schrodinger Who Developed de Broglie's Ideas?' Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 1 (1969): 24IT.

[H-34] Scott, W. T. E. Schrodinger: An Introduction to His Writings. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1967.

[H-35] Van der Waerden, B. L. (ed.) Sources of QM. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1967. (Also in Dover paperback.) This is a collection of original sources with an historical introduction by the editor. Part I is on the older quantum theory; Part II concen­trates on quantum mechanics, mostly matrix mechanics (for a collection of papers on wave mechanics, see Ludwig [H-31]).

[H-36] Weiner, C. '1932 - Moving into the New Physics'. Physics Today 25 (1972): 4()..49.

[H-37] Whittacker, E. T. A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity, Vol. 2. New York: Harper Torchbook, 1960.

Also consult: Tomonga [120]; Meyer-Abich [183]; De Broglie [51]; Jammer [68]; Heisen­berg [147]; and Strauss [34].

PHILOSOPHY OF QUANTUM THEORY

I. PHILOSOPHY AND PHYSICS

[1] Beth, E. W. 'Towards an Up-to-date Philosophy of Natural Science'. Methodos 1 (1949): 178-185.

[2] Beth, E. W. 'Semantics of Physical Theories'. Synthese 12 (1960): 172-175.

[3] Born, M. 'The Concept of Reality in Physics'. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 14 (1958): 313 IT.

[4] Buchel, W. Philosophische Probleme der Physik. Freiburg: Herder, 1965.

[5] Bunge, M. Foundations of Physics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1967.

[6] Bunge, M. 'Philosophy and Physics'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy: A Survey, Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 463

[7] Bunge, M. 'What Are Physical Theories About?' In N. Rescher (ed.), Studies in the Philosophy of Science (American Philosophical Quarterly Monograph No.3). Ox­ford: Blackwell, 1969. Pp. 61-99.

[8] Bunge, M. Philosophy of Physics. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1973.

[9] Carnap, R. Philosophical Foundations of Physics. New York: Basic Books, 1966.

[10] D'Espagnat, B. Conceptions de fa physique contemporaine. Paris: Hermann, 1965.

[11] Destouches-Fevrier, P. La structure des theories physiques. Paris: Presse Universi­taire de France, 1951.

[12] Destouches, J. L., and Fevrier, P. 'Remarques sur certains aspects formels des theories physiques'. In Le raisonnement en mathematiques et en sciences experi­mentales, Colloques internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Paris: Chatelet, 1958.

[13] Einstein, A. 'Physics and Reality'. Journal of the Franklin Institute 221 (1936): 349-382.

[14] Hesse, M. B. Forces and Fields. London: Nelson, 1961.

[15] Hooker, C. 'Metaphysics and Modem Physics: A Prolegomena to the Under­standing of Quantum Theory'. In Hooker [129].

[16] Hooker, C. 'Systematic Realism'. Synthese 26 (1974): 409-497. (See correction: Synthese 27 (1974): 535-536.)

[17] Ludwig, G. EinjUhrung in die Grundlagen der Theoretischen Physik. Band I: Raum, Zeit, Mechanik; Band 2: Elektrodynamik, Zeit, Raum, Kosmos. Bertelsmann Universitiits-Verlag, 1974.

[18] MacKinnon~ E. 'Atomic Physics and Reality'. The Modern Schoolman 38 (1960): 37-59. Also in MacKinnon [19].

[19] MacKinnon, E. (ed.) The Problem of Scientific Realism. New York: Appleton­Century-Crofts, 1972.

[20] Maxwell, G. 'The Ontological Status of Theoretical Entities'. In H. Feigl and G. Maxwell (eds.), Minnesota Studies in Philosophy of Science, Vol. 3. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1962.

[21] Margenau, H. The Nature of Physical Reality. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1950.

[22] Mehlberg, H. Time, Causality and the Quantum: Studies in the Philosophy of Science. (Forthcoming, D. Reidel.)

[23] Mehlberg, H. 'The Problem of Physical Reality in Contemporary Science'. In Bunge [123].

464 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[24] Mittelstaedt. P. Philosophische Probleme der modernen Physik. Mannheim: Biblio­graphisches Institut, 1968. (English translation forthcoming, D. Reidel.)

[25] Pauli, W. 'Phiinomen und physikalische Realitiit.' Dialectica 11 (1957): 36-48.

[26] Popper, K. Physics and Philosophy. (Forthcoming, Oxford University Press.)

[27] Popper, K. R. The Logic oj Scientific Discovery. London: Hutchinson, 1959.

[28] Putnam, H. 'Philosophy of Physics'. In F. H. Donnell, Jr. (ed.), Aspects oj Contem­porary American Philosophy. Wiirzburg-Wien: Physica-Verlag, 1965.

[29] Reichenbach, H. Experience and Prediction. Chicago: University Press, 1938.

[30] Reichenbach,H. 'Philosophy and Physics'. In Faculty Research Lectures-University oj California, No. 19. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1946.

[31] Scheibe, E. Die Kontingenten Aussagen in der Physik. Frankfort and Bonn, 1964.

[32] Schilpp, P. A. (ed.) The Philosophy oj Karl Popper. 2 volumes. La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1974.

[33] Sneed, J. D. The Logical Structure oj Mathematical Physics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1,971.

[34] Strauss, M. Modem Physics and Its Philosophy. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1972.

[35] Suppe, F. (ed.) The Structure oj Scientific Theories. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1974.

[36] Suppes, P. Set Theoretical Structures in Science. Offprint, Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., 1970.

[37] Toraldo di Francia, G. 'Induction in Physics'. Revista del Nuovo Cimento 4 (1974): 144-165.

[38] Van Fraassen, B. V. 'On the Extension of Beth's Semantics of Physical Theories'. Philosophy oj Science 37 (1970): 325-339.

[39] Von Weiziicker, C. F. Die Einheit der Natur. Miinchen: Carl Hanser Verlag, 1971.

[40] Weyl, H. Philosophy oj Mathematics and Natural Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949.

II. GENERAL FOUNDATIONAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES

OF QUANTUM THEORY

[41] Audi, M. The Interpretation oJQuantum Mechanics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 465

[42] Bergstein, T. Quantwn Physics and Ordinary Language. New York: Humanities Press, 1973.

[43] Blokhintsev, D. 1. The Philosophy of Quantwn Mechanics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1968.

[44] Bub, J. 'Review of Blokhintsev's The Philosophy of QM.' Philosophy of Science 37 (1970): 153-156.

[45] Blokhintsev, D. I. Space and Time in the Microworld. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.

[46] Bohm, D. Causality and Chance in Modern Physics. New York: Harper & Row Torchbook, 1961.

[47] Bub, J. The Interpretation of Quantwn Mechanics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974.

[48] Buchel, W. 'Quantenphysik und Kritischer Realismus'. Philosophia Naturalis-5 (1958): 3-54.

[49] Bunge, M. 'Quanta and Philosophy'. Proceedings of the Seventh Inter-American Congress of Philosophy (1967): 1-18.

[50] Bunge, M. 'A Philosophical Obstacle to the Rise of New Theories in Microphysics'. In Bastin [122].

[51] De Broglie, L. New Perspectives in Physics. New York: Basic Books, 1962. (Especially Part II.)

[52] Cantore, E. Atomic Order: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Microphysics. Cam­bridge: M.1.T. Press, 1969.

[53] Datzeff, A. 'Sur I'interpretation de la mecanique quantique'. Comptes Rendues hebdomadaires de l'Academie des Sciences 246 (1958): 1502-1'505.

[54] D'Espagnat, B. Conceptual Foundations of QM. Menlo Park, Calif.: W. A. Benjamin, 1971.

[55] Destouches-Fevrier, P. L'interpretation physique de la mecanique ondulatoire et des theories quantiques. Paris : Gauthier-Villars, 1956.

[56] Elsasser, W. M. 'A Natural Philosophy of QM Based on Induction'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 117-137.

[57] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Problems of Microphysics'. In R. Colodny (ed.), Frontiers of Science and Philosophy. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962.

[58] Fine, A. 1. 'Some Conceptual Problems of Quantum Theory'. In Colodny [125].

[59] Fock, V. 'Quantum Physics and Philosophical Problems'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1971): 293-306.

466 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[60] Giles, R. 'Foundations for QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 11 (1970): 2139-2160.

[61] Hanson, N. R. 'Philosophical Implications of QM'. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy 7 (1967): 41-49.

[62] Harre, R. 'Philosophy and Quantum Physics'. Philosophy 25 (1960): 341ff.

[63] Heisenberg, W. Physics and Philosophy. New York: Harper & Row Torchbook, 1966.

[64] Hermann, G. 'Die Naturphilosophischen Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik'. Ab­handlungen der Friesschen Schule 6 (1937): 69-152.

[65] Horz, H. Atome. Kausalitiit. QuantensprUnge. Quantentheorie. Philosophischbetrach­tet. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1964.

[66] Hooker, C. 'The Metaphysics of Science: Atoms vs. Plena. International Logic Review. (Forthcoming. )

[67] Hiibner, K. 'Zur gegenwiirtigen philosophischen Diskussion der Quantenmechanik'. Philosophia Naturalis 9 (1965): 3--21.

[68] Jammer, M. The Philosophy of QM: The Interpretations of QM in Historical P~r­spective. New York: Wiley, 1974.

[69] Jauch, J. M. Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1968.

[70] Jauch, J. M. 'Foundations of QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[71] Jauch, J. M. Are Quanta Real? Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1973.

[72] Kemble, E. C. 'Operational Reasoning, Reality, and QM'. Journal of the Franklin Institute 225 (1938): 263-275.

[73] Krips, H. 'Foundations of Quantum Theory, I and II'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 18J-l94, 381-394.

[74] Lamb, W. E. 'An Operational Interpretation of Non-Relativistic QM'. Physics Today 22 (1969): 23-28.

[75] Lenzen, V. F. 'Concepts and Reality in QM'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 279-286

[76] Mackey, G. The Mathematical FoUndations of Quantum Mechanics. New York: Benjamin, 1963.

[77] MacKinnon, E. [19] 'Introduction': 3-71 (especially pp. 51-53).

BIBLIOGRAPHY 467

(78) MacKinnon, E. 'Ontic Commitments of QM'. In Cohen and Wartofsky (eds.), Logical and Epistemological Studies in Contemporary Physics. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 13) Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974. See also comments by J. Stachel.

(79) Margenau, H. 'Physics and Ontology'. Philosophy of Science 19 (1952): 342-345.

(80) Margenau, H. 'The Philosophical Legacy of the Quantum Theory'. In R. Colodny (ed.), Mind and Cosmos. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1966.

(81) Margenau, H., and Compton, J. 'Report on Recent Developments in the Philosophy of QM'. Synthese 8 (1950/51): 260-271.

(82) Margenau, H., and Park, J. 'Objectivity in Quantum Mechanics'. In Delaware Semi­nar in the Foundations of Physics, Vol. 1. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1967.

(83) Mehlberg, H. 'The Idealistic Interpretation of Atomic Physics'. Studio Philosophica 4 (1949/1950): 171-235.

(84) Mehra, J. 'The Quantum Principle: Its Interpretation and Epistemology'. Diolectica 27 (1973): 75-157.

(85) Miiller, A. Quantum Mechanics: A Physical World Picture. (International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy, Vol. 64.) Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973.

[86] Petersen, A. Quantum Theory and the Philosophical Tradition. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1968.

[87] Piron, C. 'Survey of General Quantum Physics'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 287-314.

(88) Post, H. R. 'The Trouble with Quanta (Review of R. G. Colodny (ed.), Paradigms and Paradoxes),. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 277-282.

(89) Reichenbach, H. Philosophical Foundations of QuantUm Mechanics. Los Angeles and Berkeley: University of California Press, 1944 ..

(90) Nagel, E. 'Book Review: Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics by H. Reichenbach'. Journal of Philosophy 42 (1945): 437-444.

(91) Reichenbach, H. 'Reply to Ernest Nagel's Criticism of My Views on Quantum Mechanics'. Journal of Philosophy 43 (1946): 239-247.

(92) Nagel, E. 'Professor Reichenbach on Quantum Mechanics: A Rejoinder'. Journal of Philosophy 43 (1946): 247-250.

(93) Feyerabend, P. K. 'Review of Reichenbach Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics'. British Journalfor Philosophy of Science 17 (1966-67): 326--328.

468 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[94] Pauli, W. 'Reviewing Study of Hans Reichenbach's Philosophical Foundations of Quanrum Mechanics'. In R. Kronig and V. F. Weisskopf (eds.), Collected Scientific Papers, Vol. 2. New York: lnterscience Publishers, 1964.

[95] Turquette, A. R. 'Review of Reichenbach's Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophical Review 54 (1945): 513-516.

[96] Rubin, H. 'On the Foundations ofQM'. In L. Henkin, P. Suppes, and A. Tarski (eds.), The Axiomatic Method. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1959.

[97] Scheibe, E. 'Bibliographie zu Grundlagenfragen der Quantenmechanik'. Philosophia Natura/is 10 (1968): 249-290.

[98] Scheibe, E. The Logical Analysis of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973.

[99] Shimony,A. 'Philosophical Comments on QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[100] Stein, H. 'On the Conceptual Structure of QM'. In Colodny [125].

[101] Van Fraassen, B. 'A Formal Approach to the Philosophy of Science'. In Colodny [125].

[102] Von Neumann, J. Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Translated by R. T. Beyer. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1955.

[103] Werkmeister, W. H. 'An Epistemological Basis for Quantum Physics'. Philosophy of Science 17 (1950): 1-25.

[104] Wigner, E. 'The Subject of Our Discussions'. In D'Espagnat [126].

III. SOME TEXTS IN QUANTUM PHYSICS RELEVANT TO FOUNDATIONAL STUDIES

[105] Bohm, D. Quantum Theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1961.

[l06J Dirac, P. A. M. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1958.

[107] Eisenbud, L. The Conceptual Foundations of QM. Seattle: Monograph from a series produced by the Conference on the New Instructional Materials in Physics, Uni­versity of Washington, 1965.

[108] Fano, G. Mathematical Methods of Quantum Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971.

[109] Feynman, R. P. Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1965.

[110] Gillespie, D. T. A Quantum Mechanics Primer. Scranton: International Textbook, 1970.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 469

[Ill] Gottfried, K. Quantwn Mechanics. New York: Benjamin, 1966.

[112] Green, H. S. Matrix Methods in Quantwn Mechanics. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1965.

[113] Heisenberg, W. The Physical Principles of the Quantwn Theory. Translated by Eckart and Hoyt. New York: Dover Publications, 1949.

[114] Kampffer, F. A. Concepts ofQuantwn Mechanics. New York: Academic Press, 1965.

[115] Kemble, E. C. Fundamental Principles of Quantwn Mechanics. New York: McGraw­Hill, 1937.

[116] Ludwig, G. Die Grundlagen der Quanten-mechanik. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1954.

[117] Messiah, A. Quantwn Mechanics. 2 volumes. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1964.

[118] Prugovecki, E. QM in Hilbert Space. New York: Academic Press, 1971.

[119] Tolman, R. The Principles of Statistical Mechanics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1938.

[120] Tomonaga, S. Quantwn Mechanics. 2 volumes. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1962.

[121] Van Kampen, N. G. 'Fundamental Problems in Statistical Mechanics of Irreversible Processes'. In E. G. D. Cohen (ed.), Fundamental Problems in Statistical Mechanics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1962.

IV. ANTHOLOGIES WITH WRITINGS ON QUANTUM THEORY

[122] Bastin, T. (ed.) Quantwn Theory and Beyond·: Essays and Discussions Arising from a Colloquium. Cambridge: University Press, 1971.

[123] Bunge, M. (ed.) Quantwn Theory and Reality. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1967.

[124] Caldirola, P. (ed.) Proceedings of the International School of Theoretical Physics 'Enrico Fermi': Ergodic Theories. New York: Academic Press, 1960.

[125] Colodny, R. (ed.) Paradigms and Paradoxes: The Philosophical Challenge of the Quantwn Domain. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1972.

[126] D'Espagnat, B. (ed.) Foundations of QM. Proceedings of the International School of Theoretical Physics 'Enrico Fermi' - Course 49. New York: Academic Press, 1972.

[127] Enz, C. P., and Mehra, J. (eds.) Physical Reality and Mathematical Description. (J. M. Jauch Festschrift) Dordrecht: Reidel, "974.

[128] Feigl, H., and Maxwell, G. (eds.) Current Issues in the Philosophy of Science. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, 1961. ("Symposium on Philosophical Issues of Quantum Theory," pp. 349-445.)

470 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[129] Hooker, C. A. (ed.) Contemporary Research in the Foundations and Philosophy oj Quantum Theory. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.

[130] Korner, S. (ed.) Observation and Interpretation in the Philosophy oj Physics. New York: Dover Publications, 1962.

[131] Mehra, J. (ed.) The Physicist's Conception oj Nature. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974.

[132] Schilpp, P. A. (ed.) Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist. 2 volumes. New York: Harper & Row Torchbooks, 1959.

[133] Toulmin, S. (ed.) Quanta and Reality. New York: Meridian Books, 1962.

[134] Toulmin, S. (ed.) Physical Reality. New York: Harper Torchbook, 1970.

[135] Wartofsky, M., and Cohen, R. S. (eds.) Logical and Epistemological Studies in Con­temporary Physics. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 13) Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974.

[136] Yourgrau, W., and van der Merwe (eds.) Perspectives in Quantum Theory. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1971.

V. INTERPRETATIONS OF QM

A. General

[137] Born, M. 'The Interpretation of QM'. British Journal Jor Philosophy oj Science 4 (1953): 95-106.

[138] Born, M. Natural Philosophy oj Cause and Chance. New York: Dover Publications, 1964.

[139] Bub, J. 'Towards the Interpretation of QM'. (Unpublished.)

[140] Bunge, M. 'Survey of the Interpretations gfQuanturn Mechanics'. American Journal oj Physics 24 (1956): 272-286.

[141] De Broglie, L. The Current Interpretation oj Wave Mechanics, A Critical Study. New York: Elsevier, 1964.

[142] Destouches, J.-L. 'Sur l'interpretation physique des theories quantiques'. Journal de Physique et Ie Radium 13 (1952): 385-391.

[143] DeWitt, B. S., and Graham, R. N. 'Resource Letter IQM-l on the Interpretation of QM'. American Journal oj Physics 39 (1971): 725-738. This is an annotated bibliography on the foundations of Q M ; it is a useful supplement to the present bibliography. (I believe that it is still available as a reprint from: American Association of Physics Teachers, 1785 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 471

[144] Dirac, P. A. M. 'The Physical Interpretation of the Quantum Dynamics'. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (A) 113 (1926): 621-641.

(145] Erlichson, H. 'Interpretation and Models in the Philosophy of QM'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, 1968.

[146] Fock, W. A. 'Dber die Interpretation der Quantenmechanik'. In H. Ley (ed.), Philo­sophische Probleme der moderne Naturwissenschaften. Berlin: 1962.

[147] Heisenberg, W. 'The Development of the Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. In W. Pauli (ed.), Niels Bohr and the Development of Physics. London: Pergamon Press, 1955.

[148] Janossy, L. 'The Physical Interpretation of Wave Mechanics, 1'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 185-202.

[149] Margenau, H. 'Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Interpretations of the Quantum Theory'. Physics Today 7 (1954): 6-13.

[150] Putnam, H. 'A Philosopher Looks at Quantum Mechanics'. In R, Colodny (ed.), Beyond the Edge of Certainty. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1963.

[151] Rayski, J. 'The Possibility of a More Realistic Interpretation of QM'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 89-110.

[152] Rosen, N. 'A Classical Picture of QM'. II Nuovo Cimento 19B (1974): 90-98.

[153) Selleri, F. 'Realism and the Wave-Function ofQM'. In D'Espagnat [126).

[154) Stapp, H. P. 'S-Matrix Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. Physical Review D3 (1971): 1303-1320.

[155) Stein, H. 'Is There a Problem ofInterpreting Quantum Mechanics?' NoUs 4 (1970): 93-104.

[156) Vigier, J.-P. Structure des microobjets, dans /'interpretation causale de la theorie des quanta. Paris: 1956.

[157) Weidlich, W. 'Zur Interpretation der QM'. Zeitschriftfiir Naturforschung lSa (1960): 651---{i54.

B. Bohr, Heisenberg, and the Copenhagen Interpretation

[158) Bohr, N. 'The Quantum Postulate and the Recent Development of Atomic Theory'. Nature 121 (1928): 580-590. Reprinted in Bohr [163].

[159) Bohr, N. 'The Causality Problem in Atomic Physics'. In New Theories in Physics. Paris: International Institute of Scientific Cooperation, 1939.

[160) Bohr, N. 'On the Notions of Causality and Complementarity'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 312-319.

472 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[161] Bohr, N. 'Mathematics and Natural Philosophy'. Scientific Monthly 82 (1956): 85-88.

[162j Bohr, N. 'Quantum Physics and Philosophy: Causality and Complementarity'. In Niels Bohr, Essays 1958-1962 on Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. New York: Interscience, 1963.

[163] Bohr, N. Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1961.

[164] Bohr, N. Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. New York: Wiley, 1958.

[165] Bohr, N. Essays 1958-1962 on Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1963.

[166] Bub, J. 'Under the Spell of Bohr (Review of Bastin (ed.), Quantum Theory and Beyond)'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 78-90.

[167] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Niels Bohr's Interpretation of the Quantum Theory'. In Feigl & Maxwell [128]. (See also Hanson/Feyerabend exchange, pp. 371-390.)

[168] Feyerabend, P. K. 'On a Recent Critique of Complementarity'. Philosophy of Science 3S (1968): 309-331 (Part I), and 36 (1969): 82-105 (Part II).

[169] Hall, R. 'Philosophical Basis of Bohr's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. American Journal of Physics 33 (1965): 624-627.

[170] Hanson, N. R. 'Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics r1 (1959): 1-15.

[171] Hanson, N. R. 'Five Cautions for the Copenhagen Interpretation's Critics'. Philoso­phy of Science 26 (1959): 325-337.

[172] Hanson, N. R. Concept of the Positron. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.

[173] Heelan, P. A. Quantum Mechanics and Objectivity. The Hague: Nijhotr, 1965.

[174] Heelan, P. 'Heisenberg and Radical Theoretic Change'. Zeitschriji jUr Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie. (Forthcoming.)

[175] Heisenberg, W. Philosophic Problems of Nuclear Science. New York: Fawcett World Library, 1966.

[176] Heisenberg, W. Physics and Philosophy. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1962.

[177] Heisenberg, W. Across the Frontiers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

[178] Horz, H. 'Bemerkungen zum Begrift'des Faktischen in der Kopenhagener Deutung der QM'. Deutsche Zeitschrift jUr Philosophie 10 (1962): 75-84.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 473

(179) Horz, H. Werner Heisenberg und die Philosophie. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag der Wissen­schaften, 1966.

(180) Hooker, C. A. 'The Nature of Quantum Mechanical Reality: Einstein versus Bohr'. In Colodny (125).

(181) Komar, A. 'The Quantitative Epistemological Content of Bohr's Correspondence Principle'. Synthese 21 (1970): 83-92.

(182) Losee, J. 'The Use of Philosophical Arguments in Quantum Physics'. Philosophy of Science 31 (1964): 10-17.

(183) Meyer-Abich,K. Korrespondenz, Individualitiit, Komplementaritiit. Wiesbaden: 1965.

(184) Petersen, A. 'The Philosophy of Niels Bohr'. Bulletin of Atomic Scientists 19 (Sep­tember 1963): 81r.

(185) Petersen, A. 'Bohr and Philosophy of Science'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968.

(186) Petersen, A. Quantum Theory and the Philosophical Tradition. Cambridge: M.l.T. Press, 1968. (See also the review by J. Bub, Philosophy of Science 37 (1970): 156-158.)

(187) Rosenfeld, L. Niels Bohr: An Essay Dedicated to him on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1961.

(188) R(lzenthal, S. (ed.) Niels Bohr: His Life and Work. New York: Wiley, 1967.

(189) Schlegel, R. 'Statistical Explanation in Physics: The Copenhagen Interpretation'. Synthese 21 (1970): 65-82.

(190) Stapp, H. P. 'The Copenhagen Interpretation'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 1098-1116.

(191) Ballentine, L. 'Comments on Stapp's 'Copenhagen Ipterpretation' and the Signifi­cance of Bell's Theorem'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 81-83.

(192) Stapp, H. P. 'Reply to Ballentine's Comments'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 83-85.

(193) Stapp, H. P. 'The Copenhagen Interpretation and the Nature of Space-Time'. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Report, UCRL-20294.

(194) Von Weizsiicker, C. F. 'The Copenhagen Interpretation'. In Bastin (122)

(195) Weingarten, D. 'Two Interpretatious of QM; 1.' II Nuovo Cimento 228 (1974): 293-327.

(196) Witt-Hansen, J. 'The Impact of Niels Bohr's Thought on Danish Philosophy'. In

474 BIBLIOGRAPHY

R. E. Olson and A. M. Paul (eds.), Contemporary Scandinavian Philosophy. Balti­more: Johns Hopkins Press, 1972.

C. Complementarity

[197] Agassi, J. 'A Hegelian View of Complementarity'. British Journalfor Philosophy of Science 9 (1958/59): 57--63

[198] Bedau, H., and Oppenheim, P. 'Complementarity in QM: A Logical Analysis'. Synthese 13 (1961): 201-232.

[199] Bergstein, T. 'Complementarity and Philosophy'. Nature 222 (1969): 1033-1035.

[200] Bernays, P. 'Uber die Ausdehnung des Begriffs der Komplementaritiit'. Synthese 7 (1948/49): 66-70.

[201] Bunge, M. 'Strife About Complementarity'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 6 (1955): 141-154.

[202] Destouches, J.-L. 'Quelques aspects theoriques de la notion de compU:mentarite'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 351-382.

[203] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Manifestations et sens de la notion de compU:mentarite'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 383-412.

[204] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Contradiction et complementarite'. Synthese 7 (1948/49): 173-182.

[205] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Complementarity'. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. 32 (1958): 75-104.

[206] Griinbaum, A. 'Complementarity in Quantum Physics and Its Philosophical Gener­alizations'. Journal of Philosophy 54 (1957): 713-729.

[207] Heelan,.P. A. 'The Logic of Framework Transpositions'. International Philosophical Quarterly 11 (3) (1971): 314-334.

[208] Holton, G. 'The Roots of Complementarity'. Daedalus 99 (1970): 1015-1055.

[209] Mackay, D. M. 'Complementarity'. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. 32 (1958): 105-122.

[210] Pauli, W. 'Die philosophische Bedeutung der Idee der Komplementaritiit'. Expe­rientia 6 (1950): 73-75.

[211] Rosenfeld, L. 'Strife About Complementarity'. Science Progress 41 (1953): 393-410.

[212] Rosenfeld, L. 'Foundations of Quantum Theory and Complementarity'. Nature 190 (1961): 384-388.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 475

[213] Rosenfeld, L. 'Niels Bohr's Contribution to Epistemology'. Physics Today 16 (1963): 47-54.

[214] Schumacher, D. L. 'Time and Physical Language'. In T. Gold (ed.), The Nature of Time. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1967.

[215] Strauss, M. 'Komplementaritat und Kausalitat im Lichte der logischen lilyntax'. Erkenntnis 6 (1936): 335-339.

On complementarity, Bohr, Heisenberg, and the Copenhagen Interpretation, also see: Audi [41]; Bub [380]; D'Espagnat [54]; Mehra [84]; MUller-Markus [272]; Scheibe [98]; and Strauss [34].

D. Statistical Interpretations

1. General

[216] Albertson, J. 'The Statistical Nature of QM'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 13 (1962): 229-233.

[217] Ballentine, L. E. 'The Statistical Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Reviews of Modern Physics 42 (1970): 358-381.

[218] Bergmann, P. G. 'The Quantum State Vector and Physical Reality'. In Bunge [123].

[219] Born, M. 'Die statistische Deutung der QM'. Physikalische Blatter 2 (1955): 193-202.

[220] Born, M. 'Bemerkungen zur statistischen Deutung der QM'. In F. Bopp (ed.), W. Heisenberg und die Physik Unserer Zeit. Braunschweig, 1961.

[221] Groenewold, H. J. 'Foundations of Quantum Theory: Statistical Interpretation'. In P. Weingartner and G. Zecha (eds.), Induction, Physics, and Ethics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1970.

[222] Hooker, C. 'The Statistical Interpretation of QM'. (Unpublished.)

[223] Lenzen, V. F. 'Philosophical Problems of ~e Statistical Interpretation of QM'. In J. Neyman (ed.), Proceedings of the Second Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.

[224] Maxwell, N. 'Does the Minimal Statistical Interpretation of QM Resolve the Measurement ProblemT (Unpublished.)

[225] Rothstein, J. 'Information, Measurement, and Quantum Mechanics'. Science 114 (1951): 171-175.

[226] Van Vleck, J. H. 'The Correspondence Principle in the Statistical Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 14 (1928): 178-188.

[227] Van Vleck, J. H. 'The Statistical Interpretation of Various Formulations of QM'. Journal of the Franklin Institute 2(Y7 (1929): 475-494.

476 BIBLIOGRAPHY

See also: Born [138], Born-Einstein [309], and Hooker [180].

2. Margenau

[228] Margenau, H. 'Reality in QM'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 287-302.

[229] Werkmeister, W. H. 'Professor Margenau and the Problem of Physical Reality'. Philosophy of Science 18 (1951): 183-192.

[230] Margenau, H. 'Measurements and Quantum States'. Philosophy of Science 30 (1963): 1-16, 138-157.

[231] Margenau, H. 'Reality in QM'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 287-302.

[232] Griinbaum, A. 'Realism and Neo-Kantianism in Professor Margenau's Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 17 (1950): 26-34.

[233] Park, J. L., and Margenau, H. 'Simultaneous Measurability in Quantum Theory'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 211-283.

[234] Park, J. L., and Margenau, H. 'The Logic of Noncommutability of Quantum­Mechanical Operators and Its Empirical Consequences'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [80].

[235] Park, J. L. 'Nature of Quantum States'. American Journal of Physics 36 (1968): 211-226.

[236] Park, J. L. 'The Concept of Transition in Quantum Mechanics'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 23-33.

Also see: Margenau [21]. [79], [80], [149], [315], [641], [642], [643]; Margenau & Park [82]; and Margenau & Compton [81].

3. Popper

[237] Popper, K. [27]: 'Appendices and New Appendices'.

[238] Popper, K. 'QM Without "The Observer'~'. In Bunge [123].

[239] Bub, J. 'Review of Bunge, Quantum Theory and Reality'. Philosophy of Science 35 (1968): 425-429.

[240] Sneed, J. D. 'Review of Bunge, Quantum Theory and Reality'. Synthese 18 (1968): 464-467.

[241] Aggassi, J. 'Discussion Review: The Interface of Philosophy and Physics'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 263-265.

[242] Bub, J. 'Popper's Propensity Interpretation of Probability and QM'. (Unpublished.)

[243] Sklar, L. 'Is Probability a Dispositional Property?' Journal of Philosophy 67 (1970): 355-366.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 477

[244] Suppes, P. 'Popper's Analysis of Probability in QM'. In Schilpp [32]. See also Popper's reply.

For more works concerning Popper's approach to QM consult: Popper [26], [448], [449], [572], [573], [859]; Feyerabend [168]; Gardner [389]; Grossman [428]; Von Weizsacker [860].

4. Lande

[245] Lande, A. 'Continuity, a Key to QM'. Philosophy of Science 20 (1953): 101-109.

[246] Lande, A. Foundations of Quantum Theory. A Study in Continuity and Symmetry. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1955.

[247] Lande, A. ''''-Superposition and Quantum Rules'. American Journal of Physics 24 (1956): 56-59.

[248] Lande, A. 'From Dualism to Unity in QM'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 10 (1959): 16-24.

[249] Yourgrau, W. 'Challenge to Dualism'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 12 (1961/62): 158-166.

[250] Lande, A. 'Heisenberg's Contracting Wave Packets'. American Journal of Physics 27 (1959): 415-417.

[251] Feyerabend, P. 'Prof. Lande on the Reduction of the Wave Packet'. American Journal of Physics 28 (1960): 507-508.

[252] Lande, A. 'Unitary Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 29 (1961): 403-407.

[253] Lande, A. 'The Case Against Quantum Dualiti. Philosophy of Science 29 (1962): 1-6.

[254] Lande, A. New Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. London: Cambridge University Press, 1965.

[255] Lande, A. 'Non-quantal Foundations for QM'. Dialeetica 19 (1965): 349-357.

[256] Lande, A. 'From Duality to Unity in QM'. In Feigl & Maxwell [128]. See also reply to Lande by H. Mehlberg.

[257] Lande, A. 'New Foundations for Quantum Physics'. Physics Today 21 (1967): 55-58.

[258] Born, M., and Biem, W. 'Dualism in Quantum Theory'. Physics Today 22 (1968): 51-55.

[259] Lande, A., Born, M., and Biem, W. 'Dialog on Dualism'. Physics Today 22 (1968): 55-56.

[260] Lande, A. 'The Decline and Fall of Quantum Dualism'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 221-223.

478 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[261] Lande, A. 'Albert Einstein and the Quantum Riddle'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 459-464.

[262] Audi, M. 'Review of Yourgrau and van der Merwe (eds.), Perspectives in Quantum Theory'. Philosophy of Science 40 (1973): 323-324.

[263] Erlichson, H. 'Simultaneous Measurability in QM'. American Journal of Physics 38 (1970): 933-934.

[264] Gardner, M. 'A. Lande Festschrift (Review ofW. Yourgrau and A. van der Merwe (eds.), Perspectives in Quantum Theory),. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 72-78.

[265] Shimony, A. 'Basic Axioms of Microphysics (Review of New Foundations of QM by A. Lande)'. Physics Today 20 (1966): 85-91.

Also see: Lande [639], [856]; Hinshaw [640]; Fisk [667]; and references to reviews in Shimony [265].

E. Marxism and the Interpretation of QM

[266] Blokhintsev, D. Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1968.

[267] Feyerabend, P. 'Quantum Theory and Dialectical Materialism'. Slavic Review (Sept. 1966). .

[268] Graham, L. Science and Philosophy in the Soviet Union. New York: Knopf, 1972.

[269] Kuznetsov, I., and Omel'yanovskii, M. (eds.) Philosophical Problems of Elementary Particle Physics. New York: Daniel Davey, 1966.

[270] Kuznetsov, B. G., et al. 'Soviet Symposium on Logic and QM'. Soviet Studies in Philosophy 9 (1970/71): 203-236 ..

[271] Levy, E. 'Interpretations of Quantum Theory and Soviet Thought'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1969.

[272] Muller-Markus, S. 'Niels Bohr in the Darkness and Light of Soviet Philosophy'. Inquiry 9 (1966): 73-93.

[273] Omeljanowski, M. E. 'W. I. Lenin und die philosophischen Fragen der modemen Physik'. In H. Ley (ed.), Philosophische Probleme der modernen Naturwissenschaften. Berlin: 1962.

[274] Omelyonovsky, M. E. 'Dialectical Contradictions in Quantum Physics'. In Proceed­ings: Thirteenth International Congress of Philosophy. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 1963.

F. Phenomenology and the Interpretation of QM

[275] Heelan, P. A. 'QM and Objectivity: Ontological Structure of Physical Reality'. In MacKinnon [191.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 479

[276] Heelan, P. A. 'Horizon, Objectivity and Reality in the Physical Sciences'. Inter­national Philosophical Quarterly 7 {1967}: 375-412.

Heelan, P. A. 'Henneneutics of Experimental Science in the Context of the Life­World'. Philosophia Mathematica (1972): 101-144.

See also: Heelan [173], [174], and [207]; as well as MacKinnon [19], Introduction and Bibliographic Essay.

G. Process Philosophy and the Interpretation of QM

[277J Capek, M. Philosophical Impact of Contemporary Physics. New York: Van Nostrand, 1961.

[278] Finkelstein, D. 'Quantum Physics and Process Metaphysics'. In Enz & Mehra [127].

[279] Palter, R. Whitehead's Philosophy of Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960, Chapter 10.

[280] Shimony, A. 'Quantum Physics and the Philosophy of Whitehead'. In R. S. Cohen and M. Wartofsky (eds.), Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 2. New York: Humanities Press, 1965.

[281] Burgers, J. M. 'Comments on Shimony's Paper'. In volume cited in [280].

See also Bub [380] and Bohm [292].

H. Bohm, the Concept of Order, and the Interpretation of QM

[282] Bohm, D. 'Classical and Non-Classical Concepts in the Quantum Theory.' British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 12 (1962): 265-280.

[283] Feyerabend, P. 'Professor Bohm's Philosophy of Nature'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 10 (1960): 321-338 ..

[284] Bohm, D. 'A Proposed Topological Fonnulation of the Quantum Theory'. In I. J. Good (ed.), The Scientist Speculates. London: 1962.

[285] Bohm, D. 'Space, Time, and the Quantum Theory Understood in Tenns of Discrete Structural Process'. In T. Tanikawa (ed.), Proceedings of the International Con­ference on Elementary Particles (Kyoto, 1965). Kyoto: Publications Office of Progress of Theoretical Physics, 1966.

[286] Bohm, D. 'Some Remarks on the Notion of Order', 'Further Remarks on Order', 'Addendum on Order and Neo-Darwinism'. All in C. H. Waddington (ed.), Towards a Theoretical Biology. Chicago: Aldine, 1969. See also comments by Grene, Wadding­ton, and others.

[287] Bohm, D. 'Quantum Theory as an Indication of a New Order in Physics. Part A. The Development of New Orders as Shown Through the History of Physics'. Foun­dations of Physics 1 (1971): 359-381.

480 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[288] Bohm, D. 'Quantum Theory as an Indication of a New Order in Physics. Part B. Implicate and Explicate Order in Physical Law'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 139-168.

[289] Bohm, D. 'Quantum Theory as an Indication of a New Order in Physics'. In D'Es­pagnat [126].

[290] Bohm, D. 'Fragmentation and Wholeness'. (Preprint.)

[291] Bohm, D. 'Science as Perception-Communication'. In Suppe [35].

[292] Bohm, D. 'Reality and Knowledge Considered as Process'. (Unpublished.)

[293] Bohm, D. 'Holography and a New Order in Physics'. (Preprint.)

[294] Bohm, D., and Schmacher, D. L. 'On the Role of Language Forms in Theoretical and Experimental Physics'. (Unpublished.)

Also consult: Bohm [46], [308], [376], and [377]; Bohm & Bub [378] and [379].

I. Hidden-Variable Interpretations ofQM

See below: VI.C and VI.D.

J. The Many-Worlds Interpretation ofQM

[295] Everett, H., III. '''Relative State" Formulation of QM'. Reviews of Modem Physics 29 (1957): 454-462. Also in DeWitt & Graham [305].

[296] Wheeler, J. A. 'Assessment of Everett's "Relative State" Formulation of Quantum Theory'. Reviews of Modem Physics 29 (1957): 463-465. Also in DeWitt & Graham [305].

[297] Allen, R. E. 'Remarks on the Everett-Wheeler Interpretation of QM'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 842-843.

[298] DeWitt, B. S. 'QM and Reality'. Physic~ Today 23 (1970): 30-35. Also in DeWitt & Graham [305].

[299] DeWitt, B. S. 'The Everett-Wheeler Interpretation of QM'. In C. M. DeWitt and J. A. Wheeler (eds.), Battelle Rencontres: 1967 Lectures in Mathematics and Physics. New York: Benjamin, 1968.

[300] DeWitt, B. S. 'The Many-Universes Interpretation of QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[301] Graham, R. N. 'The Everett Interpretation of QM'. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 1971.

[302] Ballentine, L. E. 'Can the Statistical Postulate of Quantum Theory Be Derived?-

BIBLIOGRAPHY 481

A Critique of the Many-Universe Interpretation'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 229-240.

[303] Everett, H., III. 'The Theory of the Universal Wave Function'. In DeWitt & Graham [305].

[304] Graham, N. 'The Measurement of Relative Frequency'. In DeWitt & Graham [305].

[305] DeWitt, B., and Graham, N. The Many-Worlds Interpretation of QM. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973.

On the Many-Worlds Interpretation, see also D'Espagnat [54]; Grossman [722]; and J. L. Borges, 'The Garden of Forking-Paths'. In Labyrinths. New York: New Directions, 1964.

K. Einstein on the Interpretation of QM

[306] Ballentine, L. E. 'Einstein's Interpretation of QM'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 1763-1771.

[307] Bernstein, J. Einstein. New York: Viking Press, 1973.

[308] Bohm, D. 'A Discussion of Certain Remarks by Einstein on Born's Probability Interpretation of the ",-function'. In Scientific Papers Presented to Max Born. New York: Hafner, 1953.

[309] The Born-Einstein Letters: Correspondence 1916-1955. London: Macmillan, 1971.

[310] Einstein, A. 'Physics and Reality'. Journal of the Franklin Institute 221 (1936): 349-382.

[311] Einstein, A. 'Quanten-Mechanik und Wirklichkeit'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 320ff.

[312] Einstein, A. 'Elementare Oberlegungen zur Interpretation der Grundlagen der Quanten-mechanik'. In volume cited in [308] above.

[313] Einstein, A., Tolman, R. C., and Podolsky, B. 'Knowledge of Past and Future in QM'. Physical Review, Ser. 2, 37 (1931): 780-781.

[314] Klein, M. J. 'Thermodynamics in Einstein's Thought'. Science 157 (1967): 509-516.

[315] Margenau, H. 'Einstein's Conception of Reality'. In Schilpp [132].

[316] Shankland, R. S. 'Conversations with Albert Einstein, II'. American Journal of Physics 41 (1973): 895-901.

Also see Lande [261].

L. The Einstein-Bohr Debate

[317] Klein, M. J. The First Phase of the Bohr-Einstein Dialogue'. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 2 (1970): 1-39.

[318] Bohr, N. 'Discussions with Einstein on Epistemological Problems of Atomic Physics'. In Schilpp [132], pp. 201-241. Also in Bohr [164].

482 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[319] Einstein, A. 'Remarks Concerning the Essays Brought Together in this Co-operative Volume'. In Schilpp [132], pp. 665-688.

[320] Bohm, D., and Schumacher, D. L. 'On the Failure of Communication Between Bohr and Einstein'. (Unpublished.)

[321] Hooker, C. See [180].

[322] Kuznetsov, B. 'Einstein et Bohr'. Organon (Warsaw) 2 (1965): 105-121.

[323] Treder, H.-J. 'The Einstein-Bohr Box Experiment'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].

VI. THE COMPLETENESS PROBLEM OF QM

A. The E-P-R Paradox

[324] Einstein, A., Podolsky, B., and Rosen, N. 'Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?' Physical Review 47 (1935): 777-780.

[325] Bohr, N. 'Can Quantum Mechanical Description of Physical Reality be Considered Complete?' Physical Review 48 (1935): 696-702.

[324] and [325] also appear in Toulmin [134}.

[326] Furry, W. H. 'Note on the Quantum Mechanical Theory of Measurement'. Physical Review 49 (1936): 393-399.

[327] Furry, W. H. 'Remarks on Measurement in Quantum Theory'. Physical Review 49 (1936): 476.

[328] Bub, J. 'On the Completeness ofQM'.1n Hooker [129].

[329] Bell, J. S. 'On the E-P-R- Paradox'. Physics 1 (1965): 195-200.

[330] Capasso, V., Fortunado, D., and Selleri, F. 'Sensitive Observables of QM'. Inter­national Journal of Theoretical Physics 7:(1973): 319-326.

[331] Cooper, J. L. B. 'The Paradox of Separated Systems in Quantum Theory'. Proceed­ings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 46 (1959): 620-625.

[332] Costa de Beauregard, O. 'Le "paradoxe" des correlations d'Einstein et de Schro­dinger et I'epaisseur temporelle de Ia transition quantique'. Dia!ectica 19 (1965): 280-289.

[333] Fries, H. S. 'Is the ",-Function Description "Complete"? A Layman's Question'. Philosophy of Science 19 (1952): 166-169.

[334] Herbut, F., and Vujicic, M. 'On a New Development in the Description of Corre­lations Between Two Quantum Systems'. In D'Espagnat [126].

BIBLIOGRAPHY 483

[335] Hooker, C. A. 'Concerning Einstein's, Podolsky's and Rosen's Objection to Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 38 (1970): 851-857.

[336] Schlegel, R. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 458.

[337] Hooker, C. A. 'Re: Schlegel's Bohrian Reply to EPR: A Comment'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 633-634.

[338] Erlichson, H. 'Einstein and the E.P.R. Criterion of Reality'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 359-360.

[339] Erlichson, H. 'Bohr and the E.P.R. Paradox'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 634-636.

[340] Schlegel, R. 'Reply to Hooker and Erlichson'. American Journal of Physics 40 {I 972) : 636-637.

[341] Inglis, D. R. 'Completeness of QM and Charge-Conjugation Correlations of Theta Particles'. Reviews of Modern Physics 33 (1961): 1-7.

[342] Janossy, L., and Nagy, K. 'Uber eine Form des Einsteinschen Paradoxons der Quantentheorie'. Annalen der Physik 17 (1956): 115-121.

[343] Mirman, R. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. II Nuovo Cimento 168 (1973): 398-403.

[344] Mittelstaedt, P. 'Uber das Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradoxon'. Zeitschri[t for Naturforschung 29A (1974): 539-548. (Abstract in English.)

[345] Moldauer, P. A. 'Reexamination of the Arguments of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 195-206.

[346] Nagasaka, G.-I. 'The E-P-R Paradox Reexamined'. In Cohen and Wartofsky (eds.), PSA 1970. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 8) Dordrecht: Reidel, 1971.

[347] Nelson, E. Dynamical Theories of Brownian Motion. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967.

[348] Reisler, D. L. 'The Epistemological Basis of Einstein's, Podolsky's, and Rosen's Objection to Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 821-831.

[349] Reisler, D. L. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. Unpublished Ph.D. Disser­tation, Yale University, 1967.

[350] Ruark, A. E. 'Is the Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Com­plete?' Physical Review 48 (I 935): 466-467.

484 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[351] SchrOdinger, E. 'Discussion of Probability Relations Between Separated Systems'. Proceedings of Cambridge Philosophical Society 31 (1935): 555-563.

[352] SchrOdinger, E. 'Probability Relations Between Separated Systems'. Proceedings of Cambridge Philosophical Society 32 (1936): 555-563.

[353] Sharp, D. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox Reexamined'. Philosophy of Science 28 (1961): 225-233.

[354] Hooker, C. A. 'Sharp and the Refutation of the E-P-R Paradox'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971):224-233.

[355] Krips, H. P. 'Two Paradoxes in QM'. Philosophy of Science 36 (1969): 145-152.

[356] Hooker, C. A. 'Discussion: Against Krips' Resolution of Two Paradoxes in QM'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 418-428.

[357] Erlichson, H. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 83-85.

[358] Vigier, J.-P. 'Hidden Parameters Associated with Possible Internal Motions of Elementary Particles'. In Bunge [123].

[359] Zweifel, P. F. Z. 'Measurement in QM and the EPR Paradox'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 10 (1974): 67-72.

B. Experiment and the E-P-R Paradox

[360] Bohm, D., and Aharanov, Y. 'Discussion of Experimental Proof for the Paradox of E. P. and Ro'. Physical Review lOll (1957): 1070-1076.

[361] ·Bohm, D., and Aharanov, Y. 'Further Discussion of Experimental Tests for the Paradox ofE. P. and Ro'. n Nuovo Cimento 17 (1960): 964-976.

[362] Kasday, L. 'Experimental Test of QM ·Predictions for Widely Separated Systems'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[363] Kocher, C. A., and Commins, E. D. 'Polarization Correlation of Photons Emitted in an Atomic Cascade'. Physical Review Letters 18 (1967): 575-577.

[364] Peres, A., and Singer, P. 'On Possible Experimental Tests for the Paradox of E. P. and Ro'. n Nuovo Cimento 15 (1960): 907-915.

[365] Popper, K. R. 'Particle Annihilation and the Argument ofE. P. and Ro'.ln Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].

[366] Sachs, M. 'On Pair Annihilation and the E.P.R. Paradox'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 398-407.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 485

C. Hidden Variables in QM

[367] Albertson, J. 'Von Neumann's Hidden-Parameter Proof. American Journal of Physics 29 (1961): 478--484.

[368] Bell, J. S. 'On the Problem of Hidden Variables in QM'. Reviews of Modern Physics 38 (1966): 447--452.

[369] Bell, J. S. 'Introduction to the Hidden-Variable Question'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[370] Belinfante, F .. J. A Survey of Hidden Variable Theories. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973.

[371] Ballentine, L. E. 'Review ofF. J. Belinfante - A Survey of Hidden-Variable Theories'. Physics Today 27 (October, 1974): 53-55.

[372] Bocchieri, V., and Loinger, A. 'Einige Bernerkungen iiber die Frage der verborgenen Parameter'. ZeitschriftFw- Physik 48 (1957): 308-313.

[373] Bohm, D. 'A Suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables'. Physical Review 85 (1952): 166--193.

[374] Bohm, D. 'Reply to a Criticism of a Causal Re-Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. Physical Review 87 (1952): 389-390.

[375] Bohm, D. 'Comments on a Letter Concerning the Causal Interpretation of the Quantum Theory'. Physical Review 89 (1952): 319-320.

[376] Bohm, D. 'Hidden Variables in the Quantum Theory'. In D. R. Bates (ed.), Quantum Theory, Vol. 3. New York: 1962. pp. 345-387.

[377] Bohm, D. 'On the Role of Hidden Variables in the Fundamental Structure of Physics'. In Bastin [122].

[378] Bohm, D., and Bub, J. 'A Proposed Solution ofthe Measurement Problem in Quan­tum Mechanics by a Hidden Variable Theory'. Reviews of Modern Physics 38 (1966): 453--469.

[379] Bohm, D., and Bub, J. 'A Refutation of the Proof by Jauch and Piron That Hidden Variables Can Be Excluded in Quantum Theory'. Reviews of Modern Physics 38 (1966): 470--475.

[380] Bub, J. 'Hidden Variables and the Copenhagen Interpretation - A Reconciliation'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 19 (1968): 185-210.

[381] Bub, J. 'What Is a Hidden Variable Theory of Quantum Phenomena?' International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 101-123.

[382] Bub, J. 'Hidden Variables and Quantum Logic'. (Unpublished.)

486 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[383] Bub. J. 'On the Possibility of a Phase-Space Reconstruction of Quantum-Statistics: A Refutation of the Bell-Wigner Locality Argument'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 29-44.

[384] Freedman. S .• and Wigner. E. 'On Bub's Misunderstanding of Bell's Locality Argu­ment'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 457-458.

[385] Capasso. V .• Fortunado. D .• and Selleri. F. 'Von Nl"umann's Theorem and Hidden­Variable Models'. Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 2 (1970): 149-199.

[386] Feyerabend. P. 'Eine Bemerkung zum Neumannschen Beweis·. ZeitschrijtjUr Physik 145 (1956): 421-423.

[387] Fine. A. 'Probability and the Interpretation ofQM·. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 1-37.

[388] Freistadt, G. 'The Causal Formulation ofQM of Particles'. II Nuovo Cimento. Suppl. 5 (1957): 1-70.

[389] Gardner. M. 'Quantum-Theoretical Realism: Popper and Einstein v. Kochen and Specker'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 23 (1972): 13-23.

[390] Gudder. S. P. 'Hidden Variables in QM Reconsidered'. Reviews of Modem P~ysics 40 (1958): 229-231.

[391] Gudder. S. P. 'On Hidden Variable Theories'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 11 (1970): 431-436.

[392] Gutkowski. D .• and Masotto. G. 'An Inequality Stronger Than Bell's Inequality'. II Nuovo Cimento 22B (1974): 121-130.

[393] Hubner. K. 'The Philosophical Background of Hidden Variables in QM·. Man and World' (1973): 421-440.

[394] Jauch. J. M .• and Piron. C. 'Can HiddeJ;l Variables Be Excluded in QM?' Helvetica Physico Acta 36 (1967): 827-837.

[395] Keller. J. B. 'Bohm's Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of "Hidden Variables· ... Physical Review 89 (1953): 1040-1041.

[396] Kershaw. D. 'Theory of Hidden Variables'. Physical Review 136B (1964): 1850-1856.

[397] Kochen. S .• and Specker. E. 'The Problem of Hidden Variables in Quantum Me­chanics'. Journal of Mathematics and Mechanics 17 (1967): 57-87.

[398] Misra, B. 'When Can Hidden VaJIlables Be Excluded in QM?' II Nuovo Cimento 47A (1967): 841-859.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 487

[399] Oehs, W. 'On Gudder's Hidden-Variable Theorems'. R Nuovo Cimento lOB (1972): 172-184.

[400] Selleri, F. 'A Stronger Form of Bell's Inequality'. Lettere al Nuovo Cimento 3 (1972): 581ft".

[401] Tutsch, J. H. 'Simultaneous Measurement in the Bohm-Bub Hidden Variable Theory'. Physical Review 183 (1969): 1116-1131.

[402] Vigier, J.-P. 'Hidden Parameter Theory'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].

[403] Von Neumann [102].

[404] Wiener, N., and Siegel, A. 'A New Form for the Statistical Postulate ofQM'. Physical Review 9 (1953): 1551-1560. Also see: Physical Review 101 (1956): 429-432.

[405] Wigner, E. P. 'On Hidden Variables and Quantum Mechanical Probabilities'. American Journal of Physics 38 (1970): 1005-1009.

[406] Clauser, J. F. 'Von Neumann's Informal Hidden Variable Argument'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 1095-1096.

[407] Wigner, E. P. 'Rejoinder'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 1097-1098.

[408] Clauser, J. F. 'Reply to Dr. Wigner's Objections'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 1098-1099.

[409) Yoshida, R. M. 'Von Neumann's Proof and Hidden Variables'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington, 1971.

[410) Zinnes, J. J. 'Hidden Variables in QM'. American Journal of Physics 26 (1958): 1-4.

D. Experiments on Hidden Variable Theories

[411) Papaliolios, C. 'Experimental Test of a Hidden Variable Theory'. Physical Review Letters 18 (1967): 622.

[412) Clauser, J. F., Home, M. A., Shimony, A., and Holt, R. A. 'Proposed Experiment to Test Local Hidden-Variable Theories'. Physical Review Letters 23 (1969): 880.

[413) Freedman, S. J., and Clauser, J. F. 'Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories'. Physical Review Letters 28 (1972): 938-941.

Also relevant to the topic of hidden variables and the completeness problem are: Audi [41); Bub [47]; Blokhintsev [43); D'Espagnat [54); Gleason [520); Scheibe [98]; Turner [603]; Van Fraassen [478]; and Wiener et al. [463).

VII. PROBABILITY THEORY AND QUANTUM THEORY

[414) Baker, G. A. 'Formulations of QM Based on the Quasi-Probability Distribution Induced in Phase Space'. Physical Review 109 (1958): 2198-2206.

488 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[415] Bartlett, M. S. 'Negative Probability'. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 41 (1945): 71-73.

[416] Bodiou, G. 'Recherches sur les fondements du calcul quantique des probabilites dans les cas purs'. Annales de Physique, Ser. 12,5 (1950): 451-536.

[417] Bohm, D., and Schiitzer, G. 'The General Statistical Problem in Physics and the Theory of Probability' . II Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 2 (1955): 1004-1047.

[418] Cartwright, N. 'Correlations Without Joint Distributions in QM'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 127-136.

[419] Chari, C. T. K. 'Towards Generalized Probabilities in Quantum Mechanics'. Syn­these 22 (1971): 438-447.

[420] Cohen, L. 'Can QM Be Reformulated as a Classical Probability Theory?' Philosophy of Science 33 (1966): 317-322.

[421] Cohen, L. 'Joint Probability Distributions in QM'. In Hooker [129].

[422] Feynman, R. P. 'The Concept of Probability in Quantum Mechanics'. In Proceedings of the Second Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability. Berkeley: University of California Press,1951.

[423] Fine, A. I. 'Logic, Probability, and Quantum Theory'. Philosophy of Science 35 (1968): WI-Ill.

[424] Fine, A. I. 'Probability in QM and in Other Statistical Theories'. In M. Bunge (ed.), Problems in the Foundations of Physics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1971. pp. 79-92.

[425] Fine [387]; also see 'Letter to A. Fine from B. C.Van Fraassen on "Probability and the Interpretation of QM'" circulated August 1972.

[426] Giere, R. N. 'Objective Single Case Probabilities and the Foundations of Statistics'. In L. Henkin, A. Joja, G. C. Moisil, and P. Suppes (ed8.1 Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science IV: Proceedings of tlie Fourth International Congress for Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Bucharest, 1971. Amsterdam: North­Holland, 1973.

[427] Grenander, U. Probabilities on Algebraic Structures. New York: Wiley, 1963.

[428] Grossman, N. 'QM and Interpretations of Probability Theory'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 451-460.

[429] Gudder, S. 'Joint Distributions of Observables'. Journal of Mathematics and Me­chanics 18 (1968): 325-335.

[430] Gudder, S. 'Quantum Probability Spaces'. Proceedings of the American Mathe­matical Society 21 (1969): 296-302.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 489

[431] Gudder, S. P. 'Axiomatic Quantum Mechanics and Generalized Probability Theory'. In A. T. Bharucha-Reid (ed.), Probabilistic Methods in Applied Mathematics, Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press, 1970.

[432] Gudder, S. 'Generalized Measure Theory'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 399-411.

[433] Ralmos, P. R. 'Foundations of Probability'. American Mathematical Monthly 51 (1944): 493-510.

[434] Jauch [69].

[435] Jeffrey, H. 'Probability and Quantum Theory'. Philosophical Magazine, Ser. 7, 33 (1942): 815-831.

[436] Jeffreys, H. Scientific Inference. (3rd ed.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.

[437] Koopman, B. 'Quantum Theory and the Foundations of Probability'. Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics 7 (1957).

[438] Kuryshkin, V. V. 'Some Problems of QM Possessing a Non-Negative Phase-Space Distribution Function'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 7 (1973): 451-466.

[439] Lande, A. 'Probability in Classical and Quantum Theory', In Scientific Papers Presented to Max Born. New York: Haffner, 1953.

[440] Margenau, H. 'Probability, Many-Valued Logics, and Physics'. Philosophy of Science 6 (1939): 65-87.

[441] Margenau, H., and Cohen, L. 'Probabilities in QM'. In Bunge [123].

[442] Mayants, L. S. 'On Probability Theory and Probabilistic Physics - Axiomatics and Methodology'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 413-433.

[443] Moyal, J. 'Quantum Mechanics as a Statistical Theory'. Proceedings of the Cam­bridge Philosophical Society 4S (1949): 99-124.

[444] Neubrunn, T. 'A Note on Quantum Probability Spaces'. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 2S (1970): 672-675.

[445] Northrop, F. S. C. 'The Philosophical Significance of the Concept of Probability in QM'. Philosophy of Science 3 (1936): 215-232.

[446] Ochs, W. 'Lassen sich Quantenzustiinde als Ensembles streufreier Zustiinde dar­stellen?' Zeitschriji fliT Naturforschung 2Sa (1970): I 54(r1 555.

[447] Ochs, W. 'Can Quantum Theory Be Presented as a Classical Enselnble Theory?' Zeitschriftfiir Naturforschung 2Sa (1971): 1740-1753.

490 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[448] Popper, K. R. 'The Propensity Interpretation of Probability'. British Journal for Philosophy of Science 10 (1959): 25-42.

[449] Popper, K. R. 'The Propensity Interpretation of the Calculus of Probability and the Quantum Theory'. In Komer [130].

[450] Scoledes, A. G. 'The Determinism of Quantum-Mechanical Probability Statements'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 195-203.

[451] Sneed, J. D. 'QM and Classical Probability Theory'. Synthese 21 (1970): 34-64.

[452] Suppes, P. 'Probability Concepts in Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 28 (1961): 378-389.

[453] Suppes, P. 'The Role of Probability in Quantum Mechanics'. In B. Baumrin (ed.), Philosophy of Science: The Delaware Seminar, Vol. 2. New York: Wiley, 1963.

[454] Takabayashi, T. "'Quantum Condition" in the Phase Space Representation ofQM'. Progress of Theoretical. Physics 10 (1953): 119-120.

[455] Takabayashi, T. 'Subsidiary Conditions in the Phase Space Representation ofQM'. Progress of Theoretical Physics 10 (1953): 122-124.

[456] Takabayashi, T. 'The Formulation of QM in Terms of Ensemble in Phase Space'. Progress of Theoretical Physics 11 (1954): 341-:-373.

[457] Varadarajan, V. 'Probability in Physics and a Theorem on Simultaneous Measur­ability'. Communications in Pure and Applied Mathematics 15 (1962): 189-217.

[458] Varadarajan, V. Geometry of the Quantum Theory. 2 volumes. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1968.

[459] Vigier, J.-P. 'The Concept of Probability in the Frame of the Probabilistic and the Causal Interpretation of QM'. In Komer [130].

[460] Von Weizsacker, C. F. 'Probability and Quantum Mechanics'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 321-337.

[461] Watanabe, S. 'Conditional Probability in Physics'. Progress in Theoretical Physics, Suppl. vol. (1965): 135-160.

[462] Watanabe, S. Knowing and Guessing: A Quantitative Study of Inference and Infor­mation. New York: Wiley, 1969.

[463] Wiener, N., et al. Differential Space, Quantum Systems, and Prediction. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1966.

[464] Wigner, E. P. 'Quantum-Mechanical Distribution Functions Revisited'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe[136].

BIBLIOGRAPHY 491

See also: Bub [47] and [242); Bunge [5); Fine [58] and [387]; Margenau [642); Popper [238], [572] and [573); Scheibe [98]; Sklar [243]; Strauss [34]; Suppes [244) and [600]; Van Fraassen [478]; and Wigner [405].

VIII. QUANTUM LOGIC

[465] Abbott, J. C. (ed.) Trends in Lattice Theory. New York: Van Nostrand, Reinhold, 1970.

[466] Ackermann, R. An Introduction to Many-Valued Logics. London: Routledge & Kegan-Pauf, 1967.

[467] Adjukiewicz, K. 'Logic and Experience'. Synthese 8 (1949/51): 289-299.

[468] Araki, H. 'Product States'. In D. Kastler (ed.), Cargese Lectures in Physics, Vol. 4. New York: Gordon & Breach, 1970, Pp. 1-30.

[469] Banks, P. 'On the Philosophical lnterpretation of Logic: An Aristotelian Dialogue'. In A. -Menne, Logico-Philosophical Studies. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1962.

[470] Basson, A. H. 'Logic and Fact'. Analysis 8 (1947/48): 81-87.

[471] Beltrametti, E. G., and Cassinelli, G. 'QM and p-adic Numbers'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 1-7.

[472] Beltrametti, E. G., and Cassinelli, G. 'On the Logic of QM'. Zeitschriji fur Natur­forschung Sa (1973): 1516-1530.

[473] Birkhoff, G. 'Lattices in Applied Mathematics'. In American Mathematical Society Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics, Vol. 2. Providence, R.I.: American Mathematical Society, 1961.

[474] Birkhoff, G., and Von Neumann, J. 'The Logic of Quantum Mechanics'. Annals of Mathematics 37 (October 1936): 823-843.

[475] Church, A. 'Review ofG. Birkhoffand J. Von Neumann, The LogicofQM'. Journal of Symbolic Logic 2 (1937): 44-45.

[476] Britton, K. 'Empirical Foundations for Logic'. Analysis 2 (1933/34): 37-42.

[477] Bub, J. 'On the Completeness of QM'. In Hooker [129].

[478] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'Bub on the Completeness ofQM'. (Unpublished.)

[479] Bub, J., and Demopoulos, W. 'The Interpretation of QM'. In M. Wartofsky and R. S. Cohen (eds.), Logical and Epistemological Studies in Contemporary Physics. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 13) Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974. pp. 92-122.

492 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[480] Butrick, R. 'Discussion: Putnam's Revolution'. Philosophy of Science 38 (June 1971): 290-292.

[481] Catlin, D. 'Spectral Theory in Quantum Logics'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 285-298.

[482] Church, A. 'On the Law of Exc1uded Middle'. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 34 (1928): 75-78.

[483] Church, A. 'A Set of Postulates for the Foundation of Logic'. Annals of Mathematics 33 (1932): 346-366.

[484] Cirelli, R., and Cota-Ramusino, P. 'On the Isomorphism of a "Quantum Logic" with the Logic of the Projections in a Hilbert Space'. International Journal of Theo­retical Physics 8 (1973): 11-29.

[485] Clark, I. D. 'An Axiomatization ofQL'. Journal of Symbolic Logic 38 (1973): 389-392.

{486] Cole, E. A. B. 'Perception and Operation in the Definition of Observable'. Inter­national Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 155-170.

[487] Costa de Beautregard, O. 'Extension d'une theorie de J. de Neumann au cas des projecteurs non commutables'. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de I'Academie des Sciences 21 (1945): 230-231. '

[488] Crawley, P., and Dilworth, R. P. Algebraic Theory of Lottices. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1973.

[489] Curry, H. B. 'Logic as a Mathematical Science'. Japanese Journal of Philosophy of Science 2 (1963), 1-13.

[490] Curry, H. B. 'The Relation of Logic to Science'. In S. Dockx and P. Bemays, Infor­mation and Prediction in Science. New York: Academic Press, 1965.

[491] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Logique et t~eories physiques'. Synthese 7 (1948/49): 400-410.

[492] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Applications des logiques modales en physique quantique'. Theoria 1 (1952): 167-169.

[493] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'La logique de propositions experimentales'. In Applications scientifiques de /a logique mathematique. Paris: 1954.

[494] Dishkant, H. 'Semantics of the Minimal Logic of QM'. Studia Logica 30 (1972): 23-32.

[495] Donnellan, T. Lottice Theory. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1968.

[496] Dummett, M. Frege: Philosophy of Longuage. London: Duckworth, 1973. Chapter 17, esp. pp. 603-607.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 493

[497] Emch, G., and Jauch, J. M. 'Structures logiques et mathematiques en physique quantique'. Dialectica 19 (1965): 259-279.

[498] Erwin, E. 'QL and the Status of Classical Logic'. (Unpublished, a version read at the American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division, spring 1974.)

[499] Erwin, E. 'Are the Notions "A Priori Truth" and "Necessary Truth" Extensionally Equivalent?' Canadian Journal of Philosophy 3 (1974): 591-602.

[500] Farber, M. 'Logical Systems and the Principles of Logic'. Philosophy of Sicience 9 (1942): 40-54.

[501] Fevrier, P. 'Les relations d'incertitude de Heisenberg et la logique'. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de I'Academie des Sciences 204 (1937): 481--483.

[502] Fevder, P. 'Logical Structures of Physical Theories'. In L. Henkin, P. Suppes, and A. Tarski (eds.), The Axiomatic Method with Special Reference to Geometry and Physics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1959.

[503] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Reichenbach's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Philo­sophical Studies 9 (1958): 47-59.

[504] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Bemerkungen zur Verwendung nichtklassischer Logiken in der Quantentheorie'. In P. Weingartner (ed.), Deskription Analytizitiit und Existenz. Salzburg, Munchen: Pustet, 1966.

[505] Finch, P. D. 'On the Lattice Structure of Quantum Logic'. Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 1 (1969): 333-340.

[506] Finch, P. D. 'On the Structure of Quantum Logic'. Journal of Symbolic Logic 34 (1969): 275-282.

[507] Finch, P. D. 'Quantum Logic as an Implication Algebra'. Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 2 (1970): 101-106.

[508] Finkelstein, D. 'The Logic of Quantum Physics'. Transactions of New York Academy of Sciences 25, No.6 (April 1965): 621-637.

[509] Finkelstein, D. 'Matter, Space, and Logic'. In R. S. Cohen and M. Wartofsky (eds.), Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 5. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1970.

[510] Finkelstein, D. 'The Physics of Logic'. In Colodny [71].

[511] Finkelstein, D. 'Space-Time Code'. Physical Review 184 (1969): 1261-1271.

[512] Finkelstein, D. 'Space-Time Code, II'. Physical Review D5 (1972): 320-328.

[513] Finkelstein, D. 'Space-Time Code, III'. Physical Review D5 (1972): 2922-2931.

494 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[514] Fisk, M. "The Logic of Either-Or'. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 6 (1965): 39-50.

[515] Friedman, M., and G1ymour, C. 'If Quanta Had Logic'. The Journal of Philosophical Logic 1 (1971): 16-28.

[516] Fuchs, W. R. 'Ansatze zu einer Quantenlogik'. Theoria 30 (1964): '137-140.

[517] Gallone, F., and Zecca, A. 'Quantum Logic Axioms and the Proposition-State Structure'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 51-63.

[518] Gardner, M. 'Is Quantum Logic Really Logic?' Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 508-529.

[519] Gardner, M. 'Two Deviant Logics for Quantum Theory: Bohr and Reichenbach'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 23 (1972): 89-109.

[520] Gleason, A. M. 'Measures on the Closed Subspaces of a Hilbert Space'. Joumalof Mathematics and Mechanics 6 (1957): 885-893.

[521] Goldblatt, R. 1. 'Semantic Analysis of Orthologic'. Journal of Philosophical Logic 3 (1974): 19-35.

[522] Gonseth, F. 'La logique en tant que physique de l'objet quelconque'. In Act~s du Congres Int. de Philos. Sci. Paris: Librairie Scientifique, 1936.

[523] Graves, J. C. 'Review of Cohen and Wartofsky (eds.) Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 5'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 183-190.

[524] Greechie, R. 'Orthomodular Lattices Admitting No States'. Journal of Combinatorial Theory 10 (1971): 119-132.

[525] Greechie, R. J., and Gudder, S. P. 'Quantum Logics'. In Hooker[129].

[526] Greechie, R. J., and Gudder, S. P. 'Is Quantum Logic a Logic?' Helvetiil Physica Acta 44 (1971): 238-240:

[527] Gudder, S. P. 'On the Quantum Logic Approach to Quantum Mechanics'. Com­munications in Mathematical PhysicS" 12 (1969): 1-15.

[528] Gudder, S. 'Partial Algebraic Structures'. University of Denver, Department of Mathematics Publication MS-R 7102.

[529] Gudder, S. P., and Boyce, L. 'Projective Representations of Quantum Logics'. Inter­national Journal of Theoretical Physics 3 (1970): 99-108.

[530] Gudder, S., and Piron, C. 'Observables and the Field in QM'. Journal of Mathe­matical Physics 12 (1971): 1583-1588.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 495

[531] Hardegree, G. 'Logic and the Semantic View of Theories'. (Unpublished.)

[532] Hardegree, G. 'A Note on the Conditional in QL'. Paper presented at the 1974 Philosophy of Science Association Meeting, University of Notre Dame.

[533] Hardegree, G. 'Quasi-Implication and QL'. (Unpublished.)

[534] Heelan, P. A. 'Quantum and Classical Logic: Their Respective Roles'. Synthese 21 (1970): 2-33. Also appears in Wartofsky & Cohen [135].

[535] Heelan, P. A. 'Complementarity, Context Dependence, and Quantum Logic'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 95-110.

[536] Henkin, L. 'Review of Putnam, "Three-Valued Logic"; Feyerabend, "Reichenbach's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics" ; and Levi, "Putnam's Three Truth-Values" '. Journal of Symbolic Logic 25 (1960): 289-291.

[537] Hockney, D. 'Conceptual Structures'. In Pearce and Maynard (eds.), Conceptual Change. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.

[538] Hooker, C. A. (ed.) The Logico-Algebraic Approach to QM. (Forthcoming.)

[539] Hubner, K. 'Dber den Begriff der Quantenlogik'. Sprache im Technischen Zeitalter 12 (1964): 925-934. .

[540] Husirni, K. 'Studies on the Foundation of Quantum Mechanics,!'. Proceedings of the Physical-Mathematical Society of Japan 19 (1937): 766-789.

[541] Jauch, J. M., and Piron, C. 'What is "Quantum Logic"?' In P. Freund, C. Goebel, and Y. Nabir (eds.), Quanta. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.

[542] Jordan, P. 'Quantenlogik und das Kommutative Gesetz'. In L. Henkin, P. Suppes, and A. Tarski (eds.), The Axiomatic Method with Special Reference to Geometry and Physics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1959.

[543] Jordan, P., Von Neumann, J., and Wigner, E. 'On ail Algebraic Generalization of the Quantum Mechanical Formalism'. Annals of Mathematics 35 (1934): 29ff.

[544] Kochen, S., and Specker, E. 'The Calculus of Partial Propositional Functions'. In Y. Bar-Hillel (ed.), Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1965.

[545] Kochen, S., and Specker, E., 'Logical Structures Arising in Quantum Theory'. In J. Addison et at. (eds.), The Theory of Models. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1965.

[546] Komer, S. 'Logic and Conceptual Change'. In Pearce and Maynard (eds.), Concep­tual Change. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.

[547] Kotas, J. 'An Axiom System for the Modular Logic'. Studia Logica 21 (1967): 17-38.

496 BIBLIOGRtAPHY

[548] Kotas, J. 'The Modular Logic as a Calculus of Logical Schemata'. Studia Logica 27 (1971): 73-79.

[549] Krips, H. P. 'Quantal Quandries', Australasian Journal of Philosophy 52 (1974): 133-145.

[550] Kronfli, N. S. 'Atomicity and Determinism in Boolean Systems'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 4 (1971): 141-143.

[551] Kunsemiiller, H. 'Zur Axiomatik der Quantenlogik'. Philosophia Naturalis 8 (1964): 363-376.

[552] Lambert, K. 'Logical Truth and Microphysics'. In K. Lambert (ed.), The Logical Way of Doing Things. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969.

[553] Levi, I. 'Putnam's Three Truth Values'. Philosophical Studies 10 (1959): 65-69.

[554] Maeda, F., and Maeda, S. Theory of Symmetric Lattices. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1970.

[555] Mackey, G. W. 'QM and Hilbert Space'. American Mathematical Monthly 64 (1957): 45-57.

[556] Marlow, A. R. 'Implications of a New Axiom Set for QL'. In Wartofsky & Cohen [135], 350-360.

[557] Mielnik, B. 'Quantum Logic and Evolution'. Annales Institut de Henri Poincare 9 (1968): 1-5.

[558] Mittelstaedt, P. 'Untersuchungen zur Quantenlogik'. Sitzungsberichte der Preus­• sischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (1959): 321-386.

[559] Mittelstaedt, P. 'Uber die Giitligkeit der Logik in der Natur'. Die Naturwissenschaften 47 (1960): 385-391.

[560] Mittelstaedt, P. 'Quantenlogik'. Fortschritt der Physik 9 (1961): 106-147.

[561] Mittelstaedt, P. 'Quantenlogische Interpretation orthokomplementarer quasimodu­larer Verbande'. Zeitschriftfor Naturforschung 25A (1970): 1773-1778.

[562] Mittelstaedt, P. 'On the Interpretation of the Lattice of Subspaces of the Hilbert Space as a Propositional Calculus'. Zeitschrift fUr Naturforschung 27A (1972): 1358-1362.

[563] Mittelstaedt, P., and Stachow, E. W. 'Operational Foundation of QL'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 355-366.

[564] Miiller, H. 'Mehrwertige Logik und Quantenphysik'. Physikalische Blatter 10 (1954): 151-157.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 497

[565] Ochs, W. 'On the Covering Law in Quantal Proposition Systems'. Commwzications in Mathematical Physics 25 (1972): 245· 252.

[566] Ochs, W. 'On the Foundation of Quantal Proposition Systems'. Zeitschrift.flir Natur­forschung 27A (1972): 893-900.

[567] Piron, C. 'Survey of General Quantum Physics'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 287-314.

[568] Piron, C. 'Observables in General Quantum Theory'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[569] Pool, J. 'Semimodularity and the Logic of QM'. Commwzications in Mathematical Physics 9 (1968): 212ff.

[570] Pool, J. C. T. 'Baer* - Semigroups and the Logic of QM'. Commwzications in Mathe­matical Physics 9 (1968): 118ff.

[571] Pool, J. 'Events, Observables, and Operations and the Mathematical Approach to Quantum Theory'. Lecture Notes in Physics (Berlin). (Forthcoming.) A set oflectures presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on QM and Ordered Linear Spaces (1973).

[572] Popper, K. R. 'Birkhoffand Von Neumann's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Nature 219 (August 17, 1968): 682-685.

[573] Popper, K. R. 'Quantum Theory, Quantum Logic and the Calculus of Probability'. In Akten des XIV Internationalen Kongressesfor Philosophie, Vol. 3. Wien: Herder, 1969.

[574] Prugovecki, E. 'On a Theory of Measurement of Incompatible Observables in QM'. Canadian Journal of Physics 45 (1967): 2173-2219.

[575] Przelecki, M. The Logic of Empirical Theories. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969.

[576] Putnam, H. 'Three-Valued Logic'. Philosophical Studies 8 (1957): 73-80.

[577] Putnam, H. 'Is Logic Empirical?' In R. S. Cohen and M. Wartofsky (eds.), Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 5. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1970.

[578] Pyatnitsyrn, V. N., and Meskov, V. S. 'On the Status of Logic in QM'. (In Russian) Teorie a Metoda 4 (1972): 111-129.

[579] Quine, W. V. O. From a Logical Point of View. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Uni­versity Press, 1961. Chapter 2.

[580] Quine, W. V. O. Philosophy of Logic. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1970. Chapter 6.

498 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[581] Randall, C. H. 'A Mathematical Foundation for Empirical Science - With Special Reference to Quantum Theory - Part I, A Calculus of Experimental Propositions'. Knolls Atomic Power Lab Report KAPL-3147, June 1966.

[582] Reichenbach, H. [89], Part 3.

[583] Reichenbach, H. 'Les fondements logiques de la theorie des quanta: Utilisation d'une logique a trois valeurs'. Applications scientifiques de Ia logique mathe­matique, Acte du 2eme Colloque Inter. de Logique Mathematique, Paris, 1952.

[584] Reiser, O. L. 'Non-Aristotelian Logic and the Crisis in Science'. Scientia 61 (1937): 137-150.

[585] Rescher, N. Many-Valued Logic. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969.

[586] Richter, E. 'BemerkungenzurQuantenlogik'. Philosophia Naturalis8(1964): 225-231.

[587] Rosser, J. B. 'On the Many-Valued Logics'. American Journal of Physics 9 (1941): 207-212.

[588] Rosser, J. B., and Turquette, A. R. Many-Valued Logics. Amsterdam: North-Hol­land, 1952.

(589) Rutherford, D. E. Introduction to Lottice Theory. Edinburgh and London: Oliver & Boyd,1968.

[590] Ruttiman, G. T. 'On the Logical Structure ofQ.M.'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 173-182.

[591] Salmon. W. C. 'Verifiability and Logic'. In P. K. Feyerabend and G. Maxwell (eds.), Mind. Matter. and Method. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1966.

[592] Scheibe, E., Sussman, G., and von Weizsacker, C. F. 'Komplementaritlit und Logik III'. Zeitschriftfor Naturforschung 13A (1958): 705-721.

[593] Scheurer, P. B. 'Logique Fermionique et Logique Bosonique'. International Logic Review 3 (1972): 188-206.

[594] She, C. Y., and Heffner, H. 'Simultaneous Measurement of Noncommuting Observ­ables~. Physical Review 151 (1966): 1103-1110.

[595] Shimony, A. 'Filters with Infinitely Many Components'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1972): 325-328.

[596] Stenius, E. 'The Semantic Status of Laws of Logic'. In Critical Essays. (Acta Philo­sophica Fennica, Fasc. 25.) Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1972.

[597] Straus, M. 'Mathematics as Logical Syntax'. Erkenntnis 7 (1937/38): 147-153.

[598] Strauss, M. 'Logics for QM'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 265-276.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 499

[599] Suppes, P. 'Logics Appropriate to Empirical Theories'. In J. Addison et al. (eds.), The Theory of Models. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1965.

[600] Suppes, P. 'The Probabilistic Argument for a Non-Classical Logic in Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 23 (1966): 14-21.

[601] Suppes, P., and McKinsey, J. C. C. 'Review of Destouches-Fevrier, La Structure des Theories Physiques'. Journal of Symbolic Logic 19 (1954): 52-55.

[602] Tornebohn, H. !On Two Logical Systems Proposed in the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics'. Theoria 3 (1957): 84-101.

[603] Turner, J. 'Violation of the Quantum Ordering of Propositions in Hidden Variable Theories'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 9 (1968): 1411ff.

[604] Van Fraassen, B. 'Meaning Relations Among Predicates'. Now 1 (1967): 161-179.

[605] Van Fraassen, B. 'Meaning Relations and Modalities'. Now 3 (1969): 155-167.

[606] Wessels, L. 'Laws and Meaning Postulates in Van Fraassen's View of Theories' . • Paper presented at the 1974 Philosophy of Science Association Meeting, University of Notre Dame.

[607] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'The Formal Representation of Physical Quantities'. In War­tofsky & Cohen [135].

[608] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'The Labyrinth of Quantum Logics'. In Wartofsky & Cohen (135).

[609] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'Semantic Analysis of Quantum Logic'. In Hooker [129].

[610] Von Neumann, J. 'Strict and Probability Quantum Logics'. (Unpublished manuscript in Von Neumal1ll' Collection at Princeton University Library.) Reviewe4 by A. Taub in Collected Works of John Von Neumann, Vol. 4. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

[611] Von Weizsiicker, C. F. 'Komplementaritiit und Logik'. Naturwissenschaften42 (1955):521-529,545-555.

[612] Von Weizsiicker, C. F., Scheibe, E., and Siissmann, G. 'Komplementaritiit und Logik III'. Zeitschriftflir Naturforschung 13A (1958): 705-721.

[613] Waismann, F. 'Are There Alternative Logics?' Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 46 {I 946) : 103ff.

[614] Watanabe, S. 'Algebra of Observation'. Progress of Theoretical Physics, Suppl. 37 (1966): 350-367.

[615] Zawirski, Z. 'Attempts at Application of Many-Valued Logic to Contemporary Natural Science'. Sprawozdania Poznanskiego Towarzystwa 2 (1931).

500 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[616] Zierler, N., and Schlesinger, K. 'Boolean Embeddings of Orthomodular Sets and Quantum Logic'. Duke Mathematical Journal 32 (1965): 251-262.

[617] Zinov'ev, A. A. Philosophical Problems of Many-Valued Logic. Rev. ed. Edited and translated by Kiing and Comey. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1963.

For further works on QL, also consult the following: Audi [41]; Beth [1] and [2]; Bunge [5], [6], and [49]; Bub [47], [166], and [382]; Destouches-Fevrier [11]; Fine [58], [423], and [425]; Gardner (389); Gudder [431); Gudder & Boyce [825]; Heelan [207); Heisenberg [63); Hooker [180); Jauch [69); Kochen & Specker [397); Kuznetsov et al. [270]; Mackey [76); Mittelstaedt [24); Nagel [90) and [92); Nilson [760]; Park & Margenau [233] and [234]; Pauli [94]; Piron [87]; Reichenbach [91]; Scheibe [98]; Strauss [34]; Turquette [95]; Van Fraassen [38]; Varadarajan [457] and [458]; Von NeUmann [102]; and Watanabe [462].

IX. CAUSALITY AND DETERMINISM IN QM

[618] Bergmann, H. 'The Controversy over Causality in Contemporary Physics'. In Wartofsky & Cohen [135].

[619] Bernays, P. 'Causality, Determinism, and Probability'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].

[620] Bohr, N. 'The Causality Problem in Atomic Physics'. In New Theories in Physics. Paris: International Institute of Scientific Cooperation, 1939.

[621] Born, M. 'Continuity, Determinism and Reality'. Kg/. Danske Videnskab. Selskab. Mat-Fys. Medd. 30, No.2 (1955).

[622] Born, M. '1st die klassische Mechanik tiitsachlich deterministisch?, Physikalische Bliitter 11 (1955): 49-54.

[623] von Laue, M. '1st die klassische Physik· wirklich deterministisch?, Physikalische Bliitter 11 (1955): 269-270.

[624] Born, M. 'Zur Frage des Determinismus'. Physikalische Bliitter 11 (1955): 314-315.

[625] Bradley, R. 'Determinism or Indeterminism in Microphysics'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 13 (1963-64): 193-215.

[626] De Broglie, L. Non-Linear Wave Mechanics: A Causal Interpretation. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1960. (Orig. in French, 1956.)

[627] Bunge, M. Causality. New York: World Publishing, 1959.

[628] Bunge, M. 'Conjunction, Succession, Determinism, and Causation'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 205ff.

[629] Cap. F. 'Une interpretation causale de la theorie quantique est-elle possible?' Annales de {'Institute Henri Poincare 15 (1956): 113-122.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 501

[630] Cassirer, E. Determinism and Indeterminism in Modem Physics. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1956.

[631] Caws, P. 'A Quantum Theory of Causality'. Synthese 15 (1963): 317ff.

[632] Dear, G. F. 'Determinism in Classical Physics'. British Joumalfor the Philosophy of Science 11 (1960): 289-304.

[633] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Sur l'impossibilite d'un retour au determinisme en micro­physique'. Comtes Rendue Hebdomadoires de I'Acadbnie des Sciences 220 (1945): 587-589.

[634] Destouches-Fevrier, P. Determinisme et indeterminisme. Paris: Presse Universitaire de France, 1951.

[635] Earman, J., Glymour, c., and Bendall, K. 'Symposium: Determinism'. Journal of Philosophy 68 (November 4, 1971): 729-761.

[636] Feyhman, R. P. 'Causality in Quantum Mechanics'. Reviews of Modem Physics 20 (1948), 367ff.

[637] Jauch, J. M. 'Determinism in Classical and Quanta! Physics'. Dialectica 27 (1973): 13-26.

[638] Kellner, G. 'Die Kausalitat in der Quanten-mechanik, II'. Zeitschriji fUr Physik 59 (1930): 820--835.

[639] Lande, A. 'Determinism vs. Continuity in Modem Science'. Mind 67 (1958): 174-181.

[640] Hinshaw, V., Jr. 'Determinism vs. Continuity'. Philosophy of Science 26 (1959): 310-324.

[641] Margenau, H. 'Causality and Modem Physics'. Monist 41 (1931): 1-36.

[642] Margenau, H. 'Probability and Causality in QM'. Monist 42 (1932): 161-188.

[643] Margenau, H., and Van Fraassen, B. 'Causality'. In R. Klibansky(ed.), Contemporary Philosophy, Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968.

[644] Mehlberg, H. 'The Problem of Causality in an Indeterministic Science'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 351-372.

[645] Mehlberg, H. 'Indeterministic Causality'. (Unpublished.)

[646] Mercier, A. 'Forms of Determinism, Objectivity, and the Classification of Sciences'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].

[647] Nagel, E. The Structure of Science. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961. Chapter 10.

502 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[648] Polikarov, A. 'Zum Kausalitatsproblem'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy. Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968: 298-318.

[649] Polikarov, A. 'Determinism in Physics'. Soviet Studies in Philosophy 13 (1974): 67-85.

[650] Popper, K. R. 'Indeterminism in Quantum Physics and in Classical Physics'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 1 (1950): 1l7-133, 173-195.

[651] Rosenfeld, L. 'Unphilosophical Considerations on Causality in Physics'. In Your­grau & van der Merwe [136].

[652] Rybakov, Y. P. 'On the Causal Interpretation of QM'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 149-162.

[653] Schiller, R. 'Deterministic Interpretations of the Quantum Theory'. In M. Wartofsky (ed.), Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1963.

[654] Schlick, M. 'Die Kausalitat in der gegenwartigen Physik'. Die Naturwissenschaften 19 (1931): 145-162.

[655] Schlick, M. 'Causality in Contemporary Physics'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 12 (1961/62): 177-193,281-298.

[656} Schulz, G. 'Kritik des von Neumannschen Beweises gegen die Kausalitat in'der Quantenmechanik'. Annalen der Physik 3 (1959): 94--104.

[657] Scriven, M. 'The Present Status of Determinism in Physics'. Journal of Philosophy 54 (1957): 727fI.

[658] Solomon, J. 'Sur l'indeterminisme de la mecanique quantique'. Journal de Physique et Ie Radium 4 (1933): 34--37.

[659] Suppes, p.l Probabilistic Theory of Causality. (Acta Philosophica Fennica, Fasc. 24.) Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1970.

[660] Bunge, M. 'Review of Suppes' A Probabilistic Theory of Causality'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 409--410.

[661] Waismann, F. 'The Decline and Fall of Causality'. In Crombie [H-3]: 84--154.

[662] Workman, R. W. 'Is Indeterminism Supported by Quantum Theory?' Philosophy of Science 26 (1959): 251-259.

[663] Yevick, M. L. 'Probability and Determinism'. American Journal of Physics 25 (1957): 570--580.

Also see: Audi [41]; Blokhintsev [43]; Bohm [46]; Bohr [160]; Born [138]; Freistadt [388]; Kronfli [550]; Scheibe [98]; Van Fraassen [101]; Vigier [156] and [459].

BIBLIOGRAPHY 503

x. TIME AND ENERGY IN QUANTUM PHYSICS

[664] Aharanov, Y., and Bohm, D. 'Time in the Quantum Theory and the Uncertainty Relation for Time and Energy'. Physical Review 122 (1961): 1649-1658.

[665] FocIe, W. A. 'Criticism of an Attempt to Disprove the Uncertainty Relations Between Time and Energy'. Jurnal Eks. Theor. Fiz. 42 (1962): 1135-1139.

[666] Aharanov, Y., and Bohm, D. 'Answer to Fock Concerning the Time Energy In­determinacy Relation'. Physical Review 134 (1964): BI417-BI418.

[667] Fisk, M. 'Cause and Time in Physical Theory'. Review of Metaphysics 16 (1963): 522-549. (Contains a review of Schlegel [672].)

[668] Hooker, C. 'Energy and the Interpretation ofQM'. Australasian Journal of Philosophy 49 (1971): 262-270.

[669] Phipps, T. E., Jr. 'Time Asymmetry and Quantum Equations of Motion'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 435-455.

[670] Rankin, B. 'Quantum Mechanical Time'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 6 (1965): 1057-1071. .

[671] Reichenbach, H. The Direction of Time. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1956.

[672] Schlegel, R. Time and the Physical World. New York: Dover Publications, 1968. Chapter 9.

[673] Taylor, J. G. 'Time in Particle Physics'. Studium Generak 23 (1970): 1102-1107.

[674] Zimmerman, E. J. 'Time and the Quantum Theory'. In J. T. Fraser (ed.), The Voices of Time. New York: George Braziller, 1966.

See the collection by Mehlberg [22] (forthcoming), which contains papers relevant to this topic. Also consult: Blokhintsev [45]; Chew [880]; and Yukawa [944].

XI. THE OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENT PROBLEMS OF QM

A. The Observation Problem

[675] Mehlberg, H. 'The Observational Problem in Quantum Theory'. Proceedings of the 12th International Congress of Philosophy 5 (1960): 385-391.

[676] Mehlberg, H. 'Space, Time, Relativity'. In Y. Bar-Hillel (ed.), Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science: Proceedings of the 1964 International Congress. Amster­dam: North-Holland, 1965.

B. The Measurement Problem

[677] Aharonov, Y., Bergmann, P. G., and Lebowitz, J. L. 'Time Symmetry in the Quantum Process of Measurement'. Physical Review B 134 (1964): 1410-1416.

504 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[678] Amai, S. 'On Observation in QM'. Progress in Theoretical Physics 28 (1962): 401-402.

[679] Amai, S. 'Theory of Measurement in QM'. Progress in Theoretical Physics 30 (1963): 550-562.

[680] Andrade e Silva, J. 'Pure States, Mixtures, and Reduction of the Wave Packet'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 245-256.

[681] Andrade e Silva, J. 'Une formulation causale de la theorie quantique de la mesure'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[682] Araki, R., and Yanase, M. 'Measurement of QM Operators'. Physical Review 120 (1960): 622-626.

[683] Baracca, A., et af. 'Statistics of Observations for "Proper" and "Improper" Mixtures in QM'. Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 4 (1974): 169-188.

[684] Bocchieri, P., and Prosperi, G. M. 'Recent Developments in Quantum Ergodic Theory'. In T. A. Bak (ed.), Statistical Mechanics: Foundations and Applications. New York: Benjamin, 1967.

[685] Bub, J. 'The Daneri-Loinger-Prosperi Quantum Theory of Measurement'. II Nuovo Cimento 57B (1968): 503-520.

[686] Bub, J. 'Comment on the Daneri-Loinger-Prosperi Quantum Theory of Measure­ment'. In Bastin·[122].

[687] Burgers, J. M. 'The Measurement Process in Quantum Theory'. Reviews of Modern Physics 35 (1963): 145-150.

[688] Caldirola, P. (ed.) Proceedings of the International School of Physics 'Enrico Fermi': Ergodic Theories. New York: Academic Press, 1960.

[689] Caldirola, P. 'Physics and Philosophy in Italy'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy - Philosophy of Science, Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova ItaliaEditrice, 1968.

[690] Cartwright, N. 'A Dilemma for the Traditional Interpretation of Quantum Mixtures'. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, Lansing, Michigan, 1972.

[691] Cartwright, N. 'Review of Bastin (ed.), Quantum Theory and Beyond'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 558-560.

[692] Cartwright, N. 'Discussion: Van Fraassen's Modal Model of QM'. Philosophy of Science 42 (1974): 199-202.

[693] Clarke, C. J. S. 'Smoothing the Quantum Collapse'. International Journal of Theo­retical Physics 8 (1973): 231-235.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 505

[694] Cooper, L. N., and van Vechten, D. 'On the Interpretation of Measurement within the Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 'Y1 (1969): 1212-1220.

[695] Daneri, A., Loinger, A., and Prosperi, G. M. 'Quantum Theory of Measurement and Ergodicity Conditions'. Nuclear Physics 33 (1962): 297-319.

[696] Daneri, A., Loinger, A., and Prosperi, G. M. 'Further Remarks on the Relations Between Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Theory of Measurement'. II Nuovo Cimento 44B (1966): 119-127.

[697] Degasperis, A., Fonda, L., and Ghirardi, G. C. 'Does the Lifetime of an Unstable System Depend on the Measuring Apparatus l' n Nuovo Cimento 21A (1947): 471-484

[698] D'Espagnat, B. 'Mesure et non separabilite'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[699] D'Espagnat, B. 'On Measurement in General Quantum Theory'. n Nuovo Cimento 21B (1974): 233-257.

[700] Dorling, J. 'Review of Bastin (ed.), Quantum Theory and Beyond. Theoria to Theory 5 (1971): 80--90.

[701] Durand, L. 'On the Theory of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 27(1970): 115-133.

[702] Barman, J., and Shimony, A. 'A Note on Measurement'. II Nuovo Cimento S4B (1968): 332-334.

[703] Elsasser, W. 'On Quantum Measurements and the Role of the Uncertainty Relations in Statistical Mechanics'. Physical Review 52 (1937): 987-999.

[704] Fano, U. 'Description of States in QM by Density Matrix and Operator Techniques'. Reviews of Modem Physics 19 (1957): 74-93.

[705] Feyerabend, P. 'Zur Quantentheorie der Messung'. Zeitschriftfilr Physik 148 (1957): 551-559.

[706] Feyerabend, P. K. 'On the Quantum-Theory of Measurement'. In S. Komer (ed.), Observation and Interpretation in the Philosophy of Physics. New York: Dover Publications, 1962.

[707] Fine, A.I. 'Realism in Quantum Measurements'. Methodology and Science 1 (1968): 22Off.

[708] Fine, A. I. 'On the General Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 6S (1969): 111.,.121.

[709] Fine, A. I. 'Insolubility of the Quantum Measurement Problem'. Physical Review 2D (1970): 2783-2787.

506 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[710] Fine, A. 'The Two Problems of Quantum Measurement'. In L. Henkin, A. Joja, G. C. Moisil, and P. Suppes (eds.), Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science IV: Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress for Logic, Methodology and Philoso­phy of Science. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1973.

[711] Fonda, L., Ghirardi, G. C., and Rimini, A. 'Evolution of Quantum Systems Subject to Random Measurements'. II Nuovo Cimento 18B (1973): 1-10.

[712] Frisch, R. O. 'Observation and the Quantum'. In M. Bunge (ed.), The Critical Ap­proach to Science and Philosophy. New York: Free Press, 1964.

[713] Fujiwara, l. 'Quantum Theory of State Reduction and Measurement'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 83-110.

[714] Furry, W. H. 'Some Aspects of the Quantum Theory of Measurement'. In Lectures in Theoretical Physics, Vol. 8-A. Denver: University of Colorado Press, 1966.

[715] Garstens, M. A. 'Measurement Theory and Complex Systems'. In Bastin [122].

[716] Green, H. S. 'Observation in Quantum Mechanics'. II Nuovo Omento 9 (1958): 880-889.

[717] Groenewold, H. 'Objective and Subjective Aspects of Statistics in Quantum Descrip-tion'. In Korner [130]. '

[718] Groenewold, H. 'Information in QuantUm Measurements'. Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen BSS (1952): 219-227.

[719] Groenewold, H. Foundations of Quantum Theory. Preprint of Institute for Theo­retical Physics, Groningen University, The Netherlands, 1969.

[720] Groenewold, H. 'Quantal Observation in Statistical Interpretation'. In Bastin [122].

[721] Groenewold, H. 'Skeptical Quantum Theory'. Paper delivered at the International Colloquium on Issues in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy of Science, and Their Relevance for Our Society, Pennsyl~ania State University, 1971. (U npublished.)

[722] Grossman, N. 'The Problem of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics: A Critical Survey'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1970.

[723] Hooker, C. A. 'Concerning Measurements in Quantum Theory: A Critique of a Recent Proposal'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 5 (1972): 231-250.

[724] Jauch, J. M. 'The Problem of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics'. Helvita Physica Acta 37 (1964): 293-316.

[725] Jauch, J. M., Wigner, E. P., and Yanase, M. M. 'Some Comments Concerning Measurements in Quantum Mechanics'. II Nuovo Omento 48B (1967): 144--151.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 507

[726] Jordan, P. 'On the Process of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 269-278.

[727] Kemble, E. C. 'Reality, Measurement and the State of the System in QM'. Philosophy of Science 18 (1951): 273-299.

[728] McKinney, I. P. 'Comments on a Paper by Prof. Kemble'. Philosophy of Science 20 (1953): 227-231.

[729] Kemble, E. C. 'Reply to Mr. McKinney'. Philosophy of Science 20 (1953): 232-235.

[730] Komar, A. 'Indeterminate Character of the Reduction of the Wave Packet in Quan­tum Theory'. Physical Review 126 (1962): 365-369.

[731] Krips, H. 'Theory of Measurement'. II Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 6 (1968): 1127-1135.

[732] Krips, H. 'Fundamentals of Measurement Theory'. II Nuovo Cimento 60B (1969): 278-290.

[733] Krips, H. 'Axioms of Measurement Theory'. II Nuovo Cimento 61B (1969): 12-24.

[734] Krips, H. 'Defence of a Measurement Theory'. II Nuovo Cimento IB (1971): 23-33.

[735] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'On Krips' Interpretation ofQM'. (Unpublished mimeo note.)

[736] Lande, A. 'Zur Quantentheorie der Messung'. Zeitschriji flir Physik 153 (1959): 389-393.

[737] Lanz, L., Lanz, G. R., and Scotti, A. 'Considerations on the Problem of Deriving the Master Equation and Characterizing Macroscopic Observables'. In T. A. Bak (ed.), Statistical Mechanics; Foundations and Applications. New York: Benjamin, 1967.

[738] Lanz, L., Prosperi, G. M., and Sabbadini, A. 'Time Scales and the Problem of Mea­surement in Quantum Mechanics'. II Nuovo Cimento 'B-l~-2 (1971): 184-192.

[739] Loinger, A. 'A Study of the Quantum Ergodic Problem'. In P. Caldirola (ed.), Proceedings of the Intetnational School of Physics, XIV, 'Enrico Fermi'; Ergodic Theories. New York: Academic Press, 1960.

[740] Loinger, A. 'Comments on a Recent Paper Concerning the Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Nuclear Physics AI08 (1968): 245-249.

[741] London, F., and Bauer, E. La tMorie de l'observation en mechanique quantique. Paris: Herman, 1939.

[742] Ludwig, G. 'Des Messprozess'. Zeitschriftflir Physik 135 (1953): 483-511.

[743] Ludwig, G. 'Gelaste und ungelaste Probleme des Messprozesses in der Quanten­mechanik'. In F. Bopp (ed.), Werner Heisenberg and die Physik unserer Zeit. Braun­schweig: Friendrich Vieweg, 1961.

508 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[744] Ludwig, G. 'The Measuring Process and an Axiomatic Foundation of QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[745] Liiders, G. 'Uber die Zustandsanderung durch den Messprozess'. Annalen der Physik 8 (1951): 322-328.

[746] Margenau, H. 'Quantum Mechanical Descriptions'. Physical Review 49 (1936): 240--242.

[747] Margenau, H. 'Measurements in Quantum Mechanics'. Annals of Physics 23 (1963): 469--485.

[748] Margenau, M., and Hill, R. N. 'Correlations Between Measurements in Quantum Theory'. Progress in Theoretical Physics (Kyoto) 26 (1961): 722-738.

[749] Margenau, H., and Park, J. L. 'The Physics and Semantics of Quantum Measure­ment'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 19-28.

[750] Maxwell, N. 'A New Look at the QM Problem of Measurement'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 1413-1435.

[751] Band, W., and Park, J. L. 'Comments Concerning "A New Look at the Quantum Mechanical Problem of Measurement'''. American Journal of Physics 41 (1~73): 1021-1022.

[752] Maxwell, N. 'The Problem of Measurement-Real or Imaginary?' American Journal of Physics 41 (1973): 1022-1025.

[753] McKnight, J. 'The Quantum Theoretical Concept of Measurement'. Philosophy of Science 24 (1957): 321-330.

[754] McKnight, J. L. 'The Quantum Theoretical Concept of Measurement'. In W. Churchman and P. Ratoosh (eds.), Measurement, Definition and Theories. New York: Wiley, 1959.

[755] McKnight, J. 'An Extended Latency Interpretation of Quantum Mechanical Mea­surement'. Philosophy of Science 25 (1958): 209-222.

[756] Mould, R. A. 'Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Annals of Physics 176 (1962): 404--417.

[757] Moldauer, P. A. 'A Reinterpretation of von Neumann's Theory of Measurement'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 41--47.

[758] Moldauer, P. A. 'Is There a Quantum Measurement Problem?' Physical Review 5D (1972): 1028-1032. .

[759] Fine, A. I. 'There is a Measurement Problem: A Comment'. Physical Review 5D (1972): 1033.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 509

[760] Nilson, D. 'Quantum Logic, Quantum Probability, and Quantum Measurement: A Philosophical Perspective on the Quantum Theory'. Unpublished Ph.D. Disser­tation, Indiana University, 1972.

[761] Park, J. L. 'Quantum Theoretical Concepts of Measurement'. Philosophy of Science 35 (1968): I: 205-231, and II: 389-411.

[762] Park, J. L. 'The Concept of Transition in QM'. Founckltions of Physics 1 (1970): 23-33.

[763] Park, J. L. 'The Self-Contradictory Foundations of Formalistic Quantum Measure­ment Theories'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 211-218.

[764] Park, J. L., and Band, W. 'QM State Preparation: A Simple Model'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 6 (1972): 9-29.

[765] Peres, A. 'Quantum Measurements Are Reversible'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 886--891.

[766] Peres, A., and Rosen, N. 'Measurement of a Quantum Ensemble by a Classical Apparatus'. Annals of Physics 29 (1964): 366--377.

[767] Peres, A.,lj.nd Rosen, N. 'Macroscopic Bodies in Quantum'Theory'. Physical Review 1358 (1964): 1486--1488.

[768] Prosperi, G. M. 'Quantum Theory of Measurement'. In J. Thewlis (ed.), Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Physics, Suppl. Vol. 2. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1967.

[769] Prosperi, G. M. 'Macroscopic Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Theory of Measurement'. In Bastin (68).

[770] Prosperi, G. M. 'Macroscopic Physics and the Problem of Measurement in QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[771] Prugovecki, E. 'On a Theory of Measurement of Incompatible Observables in QM'. Canadian Journal of Physics 4S (1967): 2173-2219.

[772] Prugovecki, E. 'A Postulational Framework for Theories of Simultaneous Measure­ment of Several Observables'. Founckltions of Physics 3 (1973): 3-18.

[773] Prugovecki, E. 'Fuzzy Sets in the Theory of Measurement of Incompatible Observ­abies'. Founckltions of Physics 4 (1974): 9-18.

[774] Putnam, H. 'Comments on the Paper of D. Sharp'. Philosophy of Science 28 (1961): 234--237.

[775] Margenau, H., and Wigner, E. 'Comments on Professor Putnam's Comments'. Philosophy of Science 29 (1962): 292-293.

510 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[776] Putnam, H. 'Comments on Comments on Comments: A Reply to Margenau and Wigner'. Philosophy of Science 31 (1964): 1-6.

[777] Margenau, H., and Wigner, E. 'Reply to Professor Putnam'. Philosophy of Science 31 (1964): 7-9.

[778] Reece, G. 'The Theory of Measurement in QM'. International Journal of Theoretical PhYSics 7 (1973): 81-117.

This article contains an extensive annotated bibliography on QM measurement.

[779] Reichenbach, H. 'The Principle of Anomaly in QM'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 337-350.

[780] Renninger, M. 'Messung ohne Storung des Messobjekts'. Zeitschrift for Physik 158 (1960): 417-421.

[781] Rosenfeld, L. The Measuring Process in Quantum Mechanics'. In Progress in Theo­retical Physics: Supplementary Issuefor the 30th Anniversary of the Meson Theory by H. Yukawa (196~): 222-231.

[782] Rosenfeld, L. 'Questions of Method in the Consistency Problem of Quantum Mechanics'. Nuclear Physics AI08 (1968): 241-244.

[783] SchrOdinger, E. 'Die Gegenwlirtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik'. Die Nfltur­wissenschaften 23 (1935): 807-812, 823-828, 844-849.

[784] Schrodinger, E. 'Are There Quantum Jumps?' British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 3 (1952): 109-123,233-242.

[785] Schulman, L. S. 'Measurement and Interference'. American Journal of Physics 37 (1969): 1220-1221.

[786] Schwinger, J. 'The Algebra of Microscopic Measurement'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences-U.S. 45 (1959): 1542-1553.

[787] Scott, W. 'The Conseque~ces of Measur~ment in QM'. Annals of Physics 46 (1968): 577-592.

[788] Shimony, A. 'Role of the Observer in Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 31 (1963): 755-773.

[789] Sperber, G. 'On Measurement and Irreversible Processes'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 163-180.

[790] Stein, H., and Shimony, A. 'Limitations on Measurement'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[791] Teller, E. 'Der quantenmechanische Messprozess und die Entropie'. In F. Bopp (ed.), W. Heisenberg und die Physik unserer Zeit. Braunschweig: 1961.

[792] Van Fraassen [101].

BIBLIOGRAPHY 511

[793] Wakita, H. 'Measurement in QM'. Progress of Theoretical Physics 23 (1960): 32-40.

[794] Wakita, H. 'Measurement in QM, II and III.' Progress of Theoretical Physics 27 (1962): 139-144, 1156-1164.

[795] Weidlich, W. 'Problems of the Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Zeitschrift for Physik 205 (1967): 199-220.

[796] Wbiteman, M. 'The Phenomenology of Observation and Explanation in Quantum Theory'. In Bastin [122].

[797] Wigner, E. [S09].

[79S] Yanase, M. 'Optimal Measuring Apparatus'. Physical Review 123 (1961): 666-{)6S.

[799] Yanase, M. 'Remarks on the Theory of Measurement in QM'. American Journal of Physics 32 (1964): 20S-211.

[SOO] Yanase, M. 'Optimal Measuring Apparatus'. In D'Espagnat [126].

[801] Zeh, H. D. 'On the Interpretation 6fMeasurement in Quantum Theory'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 69-76.

[S02] Zeh, H. D. 'Toward a Quantum Theory of Observation'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 109-116.

[S03] Zeh, H. D. 'On the Irreversibility of Time and Observation in Quantum Theory'. In D'Espagnat [126].

Concerning measurement in QM, also consult: Blokhintsev [43]; Bohm [105]; Bohm & Bub [378]; Bub [47]; D'Espagnat [54]; DeWitt [298]; Everett [295]; Feyerabend [57], [16S], and [251]; Furry [327] and [32S]; Gottfried [Ill]; Hooker [ISO] and [356]; Jauch [69], Chapter II; Krips [355]; Lande [250]; Ludwig [116]; Margenau [230]; Margenau & Park [233]; Mehra [84]; Mittelstaedt [24]; Prugovecki [574]; Putnam [150] and [2S]; Scheibe [98]; Stapp [154]; Van Kampen [121]; Wigner [SOS], [SI0], [SI1], [812], and [S13]; and Zweifel [359].

XII. 'CONSCIOUSNESS' AND QUANTUM THEORY

[S04] Bass, L. 'The Mind ofWigner's Friend'. Hermathena 112 (1971): 52-6S.

[S05] Bell, J. S., and Nauenberg, M. 'The Moral Aspect ofQM'. In Preludes in Theoretical Physics: Essays in Honor of v. Weisskopf Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1966.

[806] Freundlich, Y. 'Mind, Matter, and Physicists'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 129-148.

[S07] Walker, E. H. 'Consciousness as a Hidden Variable'. Physics Today 24 (1971): 39ff.

[SOS] Wigner, E. P. 'Remarks on the Mind-Body Question'. In i. J. Good (ed.), The Scien­tist Speculates. London: Heinemann, 1961.

512 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[809] Wigner, E. P. 'The Problem of Measurement'. American Journal of Physics 31 (1963): 6-15.

[810] Wigner, E. P. Symmetries and Reflections: Scientific Essays. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1967.

[811] Wigner, E. 'Epistemology of Quantum Mechanics: Its Appraisals and Demands'. Psychological Issues 6 (1969): 22-36.

[812] Wigner, E. P. 'Physics and the Explanation of Life'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 35-45.

[813] Wigner, E. P. 'Epistemological Perspective on Quantum Theory'. In Hooker [129].

XIII. THE BEARING OF QM ON THE QUESTION OF HUMAN FREEDOM

[814] Jordan, P. 'Quantenphysikalische Bermerkungen zur Biologie und Psychologie'. Erkenntnis 4 (1934): 215-252.

[815] Frank, P. Philosophy of Science: The Link Between Science and Philosophy. Engle­wood Clift's, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1957. Chapter 10.

[816] Margenau, H. 'QM, Free Will, and Determinism'. Journal of Philosophy 64 (1,967): 714-725.

[817] Scriven, M. Primary Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966. Pp. 200-201.

[818] Sellars, W. 'Fatalism and Determinism'. In K. Lehrer (ed.), Freedom and Deter­minism. New York: Random House, 1966. P. 145.

XIV. AXIOMATIC FOUNDATIONS FOR QM

[819] Bunge, M. 'Physical Axiomatics'. Reviews of Modern Physics 39 (1967): 463ft'.

[820] Bunge, M. 'A Ghost-Free Axiomatizatiqn ofQM'. In Bunge [123].

[821] Davidson, W. C., and Ekstein, H. 'Observables in QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 5 (1964): 1588-1594.

[822] Gauthier, Y. 'Discussion: The Use of the Axiomatic Method in Quantum Physics'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 429-437.

[823] Gudder, S. P. 'Coordinate and Momentum Observables in Axiomatic Quantum Mechanics'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 8 (1967): 1848-1858.

[824] Gudder, S. P. 'Systems of Observables in Axiomatic QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 8 (1967): 2109-2113.

[825] Gudder, S. P., and Boyce, L. 'A Comparison of the Mackey and Segal Models for QM'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 3 (1970): 7-21.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 513

[826] Guenin, M. 'Axiomatic Foundations of QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 7 (1966): 271-282.

[827] Jordan, P. 'Zur axiomatischen Begriindung der Quantenmechanik'. Zeitschriji for Physik 133 (1952): 21-29.

[828] Ludwig, G. 'Versuch einer axiomatischen Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik und allgemeinerer physikalischen Theorien'. Zeitschriftfor Physik 181 (1964): 233-260.

[829] Ludwig, G. 'Attempt of an Axiomatic Foundation of Quantum Mechanics and More General Theories, II'. Communications in Mathematical Physics 4 (1967): 331-348.

[830] Ludwig, G. 'An Axiomatic Foundation ofQM on a Non-subjective Basis'. In Bunge [123].

[831] Maczynski, M. 1. 'A Remark on Mackey's Axiom System for QM'. Academie Polo­naise des Sciences Bulletin 15 (1967): 583-587.

[832] Maczynski, M. 1. 'Hilbert Space Formalism ofQM without the Hilbert Space Axiom'. Reports on Mathematical Physics 3 (1972): 209-219.

[833] Maczynski, M. J. 'The Orthogonality Postulate in Axiomatic QM'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 353-360.

[834] Piron, C. 'Axiomatique Quantique'. Helvetica Physica Acta 37 (1964): 439-468.

[835] Prugovecki, E. 'Axiomatic Approach to the Formalism of QM'. Journal of Mathe­matical Physics 7 (1966): 1054-1069, 1070-1090.

[836] Salt, D. 'Physical Axiomatics: Freudenthal vs. Bunge'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1971): 307-313.

[837] Segal, l. E. 'Postulates for General Quantum Mechanics'. Annals of Mathematics 48 (1947): 930-948.

[838] Segal, l. E. Mathematical Problems of Relativistic Physics. Providence: American Mathematics Society, 1963.

[839] Segal, l. E. 'Abstract Probability Spaces and a Theorem of Kolmogorov'. American Journal of Mathematics 76 (1954): 712-732.

[840] Sherman, S. 'On Segal's Postulates for General Quantum Mechanics'. Annals oj Mathematics 64 (1956): 593-601.

[841] Stolz, P. 'Attempt of an Axiomatic Foundation of Quantum Mechanics and More General Theories'. Communications in Mathematical Physics 11 (1968): 303-313.

[842] Wigner, E. P. 'The Use of the Axiomatic Method in Quantum Physics'. (Unpub­lished.)

514 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Also consult: Bunge [5]; Gleason [520]; Giles [60]; Gudder [431]; Jauch [69]; Ludwig [744]; Mackey [76]; Rosenfeld [781]; Scheibe [98]; Von Neumann [102]; and Varadarajan [458].

XV. THE UNCERTAINTY RELATIONS

[843] Beck, G., and Nussenzweig, H. M. 'Uncertainty Relations and Diffraction by a Slit'. II Nuovo Cimento 9 (1958): 1068-1076.

[844] Bligh, P. H. 'Note on the Uncertainty Principle and Barrier Penetration'. American Journa/ of Physics 42 (1974): 337-338.

[845] Carella, M. 'Classical Dualism and the Uncertainty Principle'. The Modern Schoo/­man 49 (1972): 125-134.

[846] Condon, E. U. 'Remarks on Uncertainty Principles'. Science 69 (1929): 573-574.

[847] Datzeff, A. 'Sur l'interpretation de la mechanique quantique. Relations d'incerti­tude'. Comptes Rendue Hebdomadaires de I'Academie des Sciences 251 (1960): 1462-1464.

[848] Ditchbum, R. W. 'The Uncertainty Principle in QM'. Proceedings of the Roya/Irish Academy 39 (1930): 73-80.

[849] Fenyes, I. 'Stochastischer Abhiingigkeitscharakter der Heisenbergschen Ungerrauig­keits-relation'. Die Naturwissenschaften 39 (1952): 568.

[850] Gomide, F. M., and Braga Rego, G. 'On Heisenberg's Proof of the Uncertainty Re­lations'. Anais de Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 28 (1956): 179-181.

[851] Herdan, G. 'Heisenberg's Uncertainty Relation as a Case of Stochastic Dependence'. Die Naturwissenschajien 39 (1952): 350.

[852] Horz, H. 'Die philosophische Bedeutung der Heisenbergschen Unbestimmtheits­relation'. Deutsche Zeitschriji for Phi/osophie 8 (1960): 702-709.

[853] Judge, P. 'On th~ Uncertainty Relation for Angle Variables'. II Nuovo Cimento 31 (1964): 332-340.

[854] Kennard, E. H. 'Note on Heisenberg'S Indetermination Principle'. Physical Revielv 31 (1928): 344-348.

[855] Kirschenmann, P. 'Reciprocity in the Uncertainty Relations'. Philosophy of Science 40 (1973): 52-58.

[856] Lande, A. 'Quantum Indeterminacy, a Consequence of Cause-Effect Continuity'. Dia/ectica 8 (1954): 199-209.

[857] Landesberg, P. T. 'The Uncertainty Principle as a Problem in Philosophy'. Mind 56 (1947): 260-266.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 515

[858] Levy-Leblond, J.-M. 'Uncertainty Relations for Nonsimultaneous Measurements'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 899-901.

[859] Popper, K. R. 'Zur Kritik der Ungenauigkeitsrelationen'. Die Naturwissenschaften 22 (1934): 807-808.

[860] Von Weizsacker, C. F. 'Antwort auf Popper'. Die Naturwissenschaften 22 (1934): 808.

[861] Robinson, M. 'A Thought Experiment Violating Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle'. Canadian Journal of Physics 47 (1969): 963-968.

[862] Ryason, P. R. 'Proposed Direct Test of the Uncertainty Principle'. Physical Review lIS (1959): 784-785.

[863] Schrodinger, E. 'Zum Heisenbergschen Unscharfeprinzip'. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (1930): 296-303.

[864] Tyagi, U. K. 'New Derivation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle'. American Journal of Physics 31 (1963): 624.

[865] van Vleck, J. H. 'Note on Liouville's Theorem and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle'. Philosophy of Science 8 (1941): 275-279.

Also see Aharanov & Bohm [664] and [666]; Elsasser [703]; Fock [665]; Griinbaum, [206]; Heisenberg [113]; Popper [237] and [238].

XVI. FASTER-THAN-LIGHT PARTICLES: THE QUESTION OF TACHYONS

[866] Feldman, L. M. 'Short Bibliography on Faster-Than-Light Particles (Tachyons)'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 179-182.

This rather lengthy bibliography may be supplemented with the following papers:

[867] Fitzgerald, P. 'Tachyons, Backwards Causation, and Freedom'. In Cohen & War­tofsky (eds.), PSA 1970. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 8). Dordrecht: Reidel, 1971.

[868] Fitzgerald, P. 'On Retrocausality'. Philosophia 4 (1974): 513-551.

[869] Kreisler, M. N. 'Are There Faster-Than-Light Particles?' American Scientist 61 (1973): 201-208.

[870] Shankara, T. S. 'Tachyons via Supersonics'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 97-104.

[871] Recami, E., and Mignani, R. 'Classical Theory of Tachyons (Special Relativity Extended to Superluminal Frames and Objects)'. Revista del Nuovo Cimento 4 (1974): 209-290. (See also Erratum note: 4 (1974): p. 398.) Pp. 285-290: 'Bibliography on Tachyons'. This is a useful supplement to item [866].

[872] Sigal, R., and Shamaly, A. 'Tachyon Behavior in General Relativity'. Physical Review DlO (1974): 2358-2361.

516 BIBLIOGRAPHY

XVII. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS IN THE FOUNDATIONS OF QM

[873] Bergmann, G. 'The Logic of Quanta'. American Journal of Physics 15 (1947): 497-508.

[874] Bertotti, B. 'QM and the Uniqueness of the World'. II Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 17 (1960): 1-7.

[875] Born, M. 'Physical Aspects of QM'. Nature 119 (1926): 354-357.

[876] DeBroglie, L. 'Strong Processes and Transient States'. Foundations of Physics 4 {I 974): 321-334.

[877] Bunge, M. 'Analogy in Quantum Theory: From Insight to Nonsense'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 18 (1967): 265-286.

[878] Chari, C. T. K. 'Philosophic Issues about Irreversibility in Classical and Quantum Physics'. Methodos 15 (1963): 205-218.

[879] Chari, C. T. K. 'Information Theory, QM, and "Linguistic Duality'''. Dialectica 20 (1966): 66--88.

[880] Chew, G. 'The Dubious Role of the Space-Time Continuum in Microscopic Physics'. Science Progress 51 (1963): 529-539.

[881] Chew, G. F. 'The Bootstrap Idea and the Foundations of Quantum Theory'. In Bastin [122].

[882] Gale, G. 'Chew's Monadology'. Journal of the History of Ideas 35 (1974): 339-348.

[883] Cortes, A. 'Identity in Quantum Mechanics'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1971.

[884] Cranston, J. B. 'Quantum Theory and the Mechanistic Paradigm'. Proceedings of the "New Mexico- West Texas Philosophical Society (1972): 4-11.

[885] Day, T. 'Demonstration ofQM in the L¥ge'. Physical Review 121 (1961): 1204-1206.

[886] Dirac, P. A. M., and Perlman, S. 'Equivalence of the Schrodinger and Heisenberg Pictures'. Nature 204 (1964): 771-772.

[887] Elsasser, W. 'QM, Amplifying Processes, and Living Matter'. Philosophy of Science 18 (1951): 300-326.

[888] Emch, G., and Piron, C. 'Symmetry in Quantum Theory'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 4 (1963): 469-473.

[889] Feigl, H. 'Matter Still Largely Material'. Philosophy of Science 29 (1962): 39--46.

[890] Freundlich, Y. 'Objects and Their Attributes: A Physicist's Point of View'. Founda­tions of Physics 4 (1974): 1-8.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 517

[891] Gerjuoy, E. 'Is the Principle of Superposition Really Necessary?' In Hooker [129].

[892] Gilson, J. 'Subquantum Dynamics'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 281-292.

[893] Glimm, J. 'The Foundations of Quantum Field Theory'. Advances in Mathematics 3 (1969): IOlff.

[894] Goldman, S. 'The Mechanics of Individuality in Nature, II: Barriers, Cells, and Individuality'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 203-228.

[895] Grgin, E., and Petersen, A. 'Relation Between Classical and Quantum Mechanics'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 6 (1972): 325-337.

[896] Gruber, G. R. 'Comments on the Correspondence Principles of Quantum Mechanical Operators'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 19-22.

[897] Gudder, S. 'A Transient Quantum Effect'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 413--416.

[898] Gudder, S. P., and Boyce, L. 'A Superposition Principle in Physics'. Journal of Math­ematical Physics 11 (1970): 1037-1040.

[899] Hanson, N. R. 'Picturing Atomic Particles'. Scientia 53 (1959): 149-157.

[900] Paul, A. M. 'Hanson on the Unpicturability of Micro-entities'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 23 (1972): 50-53.

[901] Noren, S. J. 'The Picturability of Micro-Entities'. Philosophy of Science 40 (1973): 234-241.

[902] Hanson, N. R. 'Are Wave Mechanics and Matrix Mechanics Equivalent Theories?' In Feigl & MaxweU [128].

[903] Hartshorne, C. 'Charles Peirce and Quantum Mechanics'. Transactiqns of the Charles S. Peirce Society 9 (1973): 191-201.

[904] Hellwig, K.-E. 'Coexistence Effects in QM'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 147-155.

[905] Hill, E. L. 'Quantum Physics and the Relativity Theory'. In Feigl & Maxwell [128].

[906] Hill, E. L. 'Classical Mechanics as a Limiting Form of QM'. In P. Feyerabend and G. Maxwell (eds.), Mind. Matter. and Method. Minneapolis: University of Minne­sota, 1966.

[907] Hooker, C. A. 'The Impact of QM on the Conceptual Bases for the Classification of Knowledge'. (Unpublished.)

[908] Janossy, L. 'The Physical Aspects of the Wave Particle Problem'. Acta Physica Aca­demiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 1 (1952): 423--467.

518 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[909] Jauch, J. M., and Baron, J. G. 'Information Theory and Thermodynamics'. Helvetica Physica Acta 4S (1972): 220ff.

[910] Costa de Beauregard, 0., and Tribus, M. 'Information Theory and Thermodynamics'. Helvetica Physica Acta 47 (1974): 238-247.

[911] Jonsson, C. 'Electron Diffraction at Multiple Slits'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 4ff.

[912] Knight, B. 'Alternative Formulation of QM'. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philo­sophical Society 61 (1965): 917-921.

[913] Kobe, D. H. 'Comments on the Classical Limit ofQM'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 73-74.

[914] Koga, T. 'The Motion of Wavelets - An Interpretation of the Schrodinger Equation'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 49-78.

[915] Kyrala, A. 'Selection Rules, Causality, and Unitarity in Statistical and Quantum Physics'. FoundationS of Physics 4 (1974): 31-52.

[916] Magyar, G. 'On the Dual Nature of Light'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 16 (1965/66): 44-49.

[917] McMillan, E. M. 'Current Problems in Particle Physics'. Science 152 (1966): 121Off.

[918] Mehra, J. 'QM and the Explanation of Life'. American Scientist 61 (1973): 722-728.

[919] Mirman, R. 'Experimental Meaning of the Concept of Identical Particles'. II Nuovo Cimento 18B (1973): 110--122.

[920] Nelson, E. 'Derivation of the SchrOdinger Equation from Newtonian Mechanics'. Physical Review 1SOB (1966): 1079ff.

[921] Papp, E. 'Peculiarities of the Quanto-l\1.echanical Space-Time Description'. Inter­national Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 429-441.

[922] Peat, F. D. 'Quantum Physics and General Relativity: The Search for a Deeper Theory'. In Hooker [129].

[923] Rosen, N. 'Identical Motion in Quantum and Classical Mechanics'. American Journal of Physics 32 (1964): 377-379.

[924] Sachs, M. 'Is Quantization Really Necessary?' British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 21 (1970): 359-370.

[925] Sachs, M. 'A New Theory of Elementary Matter'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics I, 4 (1971): 433-451; 11,4 (1971): 453-476; III, 5 (1972): 35-53; IV, 5 (1972): 161-197.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 519

[926] Leiter, D. 'Difficulties in Sach's New Theory of Elementary Matter'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 7 (1973): 199-203.

[927] Sachs, M. The Searchfor a Theory of Matter. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971.

[928] Sachs, M. The Field Concept in Contemporary Science. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1973.

[929] Sachs, M. 'On the Nature of Light and the Problem of Matter'. In Hooker [129].

[930] Salker, H., and Wigner, E. 'Quantum Limitations of the Measurement of Space­Time Distances'. Physical Review 109 (1958): 571ff.

[931] Schlegel, R. 'QM and the Paradoxes of Zeno'. American Scientist 36 (1948): 396ff.

[932] Schlegel, R. 'Quantum Physics and Human Purpose.' Zygon 8 (1973): 200-220.

[933] Schlieder, S. 'Einige Bemerkungen zur Zustandsanderung von relativistischen quan­tenmechanischen Systemen durch Messungen und zur Lokalitatsforderung'. Com­munications in Mathematical Physics 7 (1968): 305-331.

[934] Siegel, A. 'Distinguishable Equivalent Particles with Symmetrized Wave Functions'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 57-{)8.

[935] Sneed, J. 'Von Neumann's Argument for the Projection Postulate'. Philosophy of Science 33 (1966): 22-39.

[936] Stueckelberg, E. C. G. 'Quantum Theory in Real Hilbert Space'. Helvetio Physica Acta 33 (1960): 727-752.

[937] Stueckelberg, E. C. G., and Guenin, M. 'Quantum Theory in Real Hilbert Space, II'. Helvetia Physica Acta 34 (1961): 621-{)28.

[938] Stueckelberg, E. C. G., Guenin, M., Piron, C., and Ruegy, H. 'Quantum Theory in Real Hilbert Space, III'. Helvetia Physica Acta 34 (1961): 675-698.

[939] Stueckelberg, E. C. G., and Guenin, M. 'Theorie des quanta dans l'espace de Hil­bert reel, IV'. Helvetia Physica Acta 35 (1962): 673-{)95.

[940] Vigier, J.-P. 'Possible Internal Subquantum Motions of Elementary Particles'. In Yourgrau and Breck (eds.), Physics, Logic, and History. New York: Plenum Press, 1970.

[941] Weyl, H. Gruppentheorie und Quanten-mechanik. Leipzig: 1928. (Also in English translation, Dover Publications.)

[942] Levy-Leblond, J.-M. 'The Pedagogical Role and Epistemological Significance of Group Theory in QM'. Revista del Nuovo Cimento 4 (1974): 99-143.

520 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[943] Woodward, J. F., de Klerk, A., et al., 'Photon Consciousness: Fact or Fancy?' Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 241-244.

[944] Yukawa, H. 'Atomistics and the Divisibility of Space and Time'. Progress of Theo­retical Physics (Kyoto), Supp\. 37 (1966): 5l2ff.

INDEX OF NAMES

Abbott, J. C., 491 Ackermann, R., 491 Adjukiewicz, K., 491 Agassi, J., 474 Agassi, J., 476 Aharanov, Y., 484, 503, 515 Albertson, J., 475, 485 Allen, L., 460 Allen, R. E., 480 Amai, S., 504 Amson, J. C., 215 Anderson, D. L., 460 Andrade e Silva, J., 504 Ar'nold,7 Araki, H., 250, 280, 491, 504 Arthurs, E., 186, 192 Ashby, W. R., 209, 218 Audi, M., 465, 475, 478, 487,500,502

Baker, G. A., 487 Ballentine, J. E., 225, 234, 251, 252, 280 Ballentine, L. E., 473, 475, 480, 481, 485 Band, W., 508 Banks, P., 491 Baracca, A., 504 Baron, G., 145 Baron, J. G., 518 Bartlett, M. S., 316, 321, 488 Bass, L., 511 Basson, A. H., 491 Bastin, E. W., 195, 199,207,209,210,215,

218,469,485 Beck, G., 514 Bedau, H., 474 Belinfante, F. J., 145, 146, 403, 419, 485 Bell, J. S., 205, 207, 208, 218, 249, 256,

257, 260, 261, 262, 267, 268, 269, 271, 276, 279, 280, 324, 325, 363, 408, 412, 414, 418, 419, 445, 447, 452, 455, 482, 485,511

Beltrametti, E. G.,. 491

Bendall, K., 501 Benioff, P., 190, 192 Bennett, M. K., 115, 119 Bergmann, H., 500 Bergmann, P. G., 475, 503, 516 Bergstein, T., 465, 474 Bernays, P., 474, 500 Bertotti, B., 516 Beth, E. W., 462, 500 Biem, W.,477 Birkhoff, G., 91, 102, 119, 161, 176, 179,

192, 235, 236, 238, 244, 491 Bjlilrnestad, 0.,235 Black, M., 244 Bligh, P. H., 514 Blokhintsev, D.l., 457, 465, 478, 487,502,

503,511 Bocchieri, P., 504 Bocchieri, V., 485 Bodiou, G., 488 Bohm, D., 402, 408, 419, 465, 468, 479,

480, 481, 482, 484, 485, 488, 502, 503, 511, SIS

Bohr, N., 142, 196,270,436,442,460,471, 472,481,482,500,502

Bondi, H., 214, 218 Boorse, H. A., 460 Borges, J. L., 481 Born, M., 179, 180, 187, 192, 212, 213,

217,222,288,291,421,422,430,462, 470, 475, 476, 478, 481, 500, 502, 516

Boyce, L., 494, 500, 512 Bradley, R., 500 Braga Rego, G., 514 Brillouin, L., 243, 244 Brittin, W. E., 145, 146 Britton, K., 491 Brouwer, L. E. J., 8, 9 Brown, 308 Bub, J., ISO, 176,222,234,264, 265, 280,

283, 327, 363, 397, 402, 412, 419, 420,

522 INDEX OF NAMES

423, 425, 426, 429, 430, 465, 470, 472, 476, 479, 480, 482, 485, 486, 487, 491, 500, 504, 511

Biichel, W., 462, 465 Bunge, M., 458, 462, 463, 465, 469, 470,

474, 489, 491, 500, 502, 512, 514, 516 Burgers, J. M., 479, 504 Burnside, W., 85, 102 Butrick, R., 492

Caldirola, P., 469,504 Cantore, E., 465 Cap, F., 500 Capasso, V., 482, 486 Capek, M., 479 Carella, M., 514 Camap, R., 465 Cartwright, N. D., 221, 287, 300, 325, 363,

488,504 Cassinelli, G., 491 Cassirer, E., 501 Catlin, D., 492 Caws, P., 501 Chappell, W. R., 145, 146 Chari, C. T. K., 488, 516 Chew, G. F., 503, 516 Church, A., 243, 244, 491, 492 Cirelli, R., 492 Clark, I. D., 492 Clarke, C. J. S., 218, 504 Clauser, J. F., 412, 420, 445, 453, 455, 487 Cline, B., 460 Cohen, L., 280, 325, 363, 488, 489 Cohen, R. S., 470 Cole, E. A. B., 492 Colodny, R., 469 Commins, E. D., 484 Compton, J., 289, 467, 476 Condon, E. U., 514 Cooper, J. L. B., 482 Cooper, L. N., 505 Cortes, A., 516 Costa de Beauregard, 0., 482, 492, 518 Cota-Ramusino, P., 492 Cranston, J. B. 516 Crawley, P., 492 Crombie, A. C., 460 Cropper, W., 460 Curry, H. B., 492

D'Abro, A., 460 D'Espagnat, B., 463, 465, 469, 475, 480,

481, 482, 487, 505, 511 Dacey, J. C., 91, 102, 116 Daneri, A., 222, 230, 232, 234, 505 Datzeff, A., 465,514 Davidson, W. C.,512 Day, T., 516 Dear, G. F., 501 de Broglie, L., 22, 34, 37, 46, 436, 462,

465,470,500,516 Dedekind, R., 9 Degasperis, A., 505 de Klerk, A., 521 de Luca, A., 149, 176 Demopoulos, W., 421, 491 Destouches-Fevrier, P., 463, 465, 474,

492,500,501 Destouches, J. L., 463, 470, 474 De Witt, B. S., 19,46,458,460,480,481,

511 Dirac, P. A. M., 101, 102, 333, 363, 468,

471,516 Dishkant, H., 492 Ditchbnm, R. W., 514 Domotor, Z., 147 Donio, J., 321, 322 Donnellan, T., 492 Dorling, J., 293, 300, 505 Dummett, M., 492 Dunford, N., 243, 244 Durand, L., 505 Dyson, F. J., 217, 218

Earman, J., 501, 505 Eddington, 214 Ehrenfeucht, A., 17 Einstein, A., 21, 22, 37, 125, 179, 186,

192, 200, 249, 251, 280, 283, 308, 325, 359, 363, 421, 431, 433, 437, 442, 444, 463, 476, 481, 482

Eisenbud, L., 468 Ekstein, H., 512 Elsasser, W. M., 465, 505, 515, 516 Emch, G., 493, 516 Enz, C. P., 469 Erlichson, H., 471, 478, 483, 484 Erwin, E., 493 Everett, H., 19,46,480,481,511

INDEX OF NAMES 523

Fano, G., 468 Fano, U., 227, 234, 505 Farber, M., 493 Farquhar, I. E., 232, 234 Fay, G., 243, 244 Feigl, H., 469,516 Feldman, L. M., 515 Fenyes, I., 514 Fevrier, P., 463, 493 Feyerabend, P. K., 465, 467, 472, 474,

477, 478, 479, 486, 493, 505, 511 Feynman, R. P., 180, 192, 468, 488, 501 Finch, P. D., 55, 71, 149, 171, 177, 493 Fine, A. I., 190, 221, 226, 229, 234, 249,

250, 274, 275, 280, 465, 486, 488, 491, 500, 505, 506, 508

Fine, T. L., 176, 179, 181, 183, 184, 190, 192

Finkelstein, D., 481, 493 Fisk, M., 478, 494, 503 Fitzgerald, P., 515 Fock, V., 465 Fock, W. A., 471, 503, 515 Fonda, L., 505, 506 Forman, P., 460, 462 Fortunado, D., 482, 486 Foulis, D. J., 64, 73, 78, 85,90,91,92,95,

96,98, 102, 103, 180, 193 Fraisse, R., 19 Frank, P., 512 Freedman, S. J., 411, 412, 420, 486, 487 Frege, G., 9 Freistadt, D., 486, 502 Freundlich, Y., 511, 516 Friedman, M., 494 Fries, H. S., 482 Frisch, R. 0., 506 Fuchs, W. R., 494 Fujiwara, I., 506 Furry, W. H., 482, 506, 511

Gale, G., 516 Galindo, A., 146 Gallone, F., 494 Gandy, R. 0.,17,18 Gardeil, H.-D., 243, 244 Gardner, M., 477, 478, 486, 494, 500 Garstens, M. A., 506 Gauthier, Y., 512

Gerelle, E. R., 105, 117, 119 Gerjuoy, E., 517 Ghirardi, G. C., 505, 506 Giere, R. N., 488 Giles, R., 466, 514 Gillespie, D. T., 468 Gilson, J., 517 Ginsberg, R., 320, 322 Gleason, A. M., 102, 103, 135, 145, 146,

235, 258, 280, 426, 431, 487, 494, 514 Glimm, J., 517 Glymour, C., 494, 501 Gnedenko, B. V., 313, 322 Godel, K., 10, 11 Goldblatt, R. I., 494 Goldman, S., 517 Gomide, F. M., 514 Gonseth, F., 494 Gordon, J. P., 186, 193 Gottfried, K., 469, 511 Graham, L., 478 Graham, N., 19, 46 Graham, R. N., 458, 460, 470, 480, 481 Graves, J. c., 494 Greechie, R. J., 55, 71, 95, 103, 105, 108,

111, 112, 119, 150, 177,427,431,458, 494

Green, H. S., 469, 506 Grenander, U., 488 Grgin, E., 517 Griffiths, J. H. E., 335, 363 Groenewold, H. J., 221, 225, 226, 234,

288,476,506 Grossman, N., 287, 300, 477, 481, 488,506 Gruber, G: R., 517 Griinbaum, A., 474, 476, 515 Gudder, S. P., 55, 71, 105, Ill, 119, 145,

146, 148, 150, 152, 161, 177, 427, 431, 458, 486, 488, 489, 494, 500, 512, 514, 517

Guenin, M., 513, 519 Guillemin, V., 460 Gutkowski, S. P., 486

Hadamard, J., 4 Hall, R., 472 Haimos, P. R., 351, 363, 489 Hanson, N. R., 462, 466, 472, 517 Hardegree, G. M., 55, 495

524 INDEX OF NAMES

Harre, R., 466 Hartshorne, C., 517 Hartshorne, R., 1I8, 119 Haskins, L., 1I8, 1I9 Heelan, P. A., 458, 472, 478, 479, 495, 500 Heffner, H., 186, 187, 193,498 Heider, L. J., 100, 103 Heilbron, J. L., 457, 460, 461 Heisenberg, W., 212, 442, 460, 462, 466,

469,471,472,500,515 Hellwig, K.-E., 517 Helstrom, C. W., 186, 193 Henkin, L., 495 Herbut, F., 482 Herdan, G., 514 Herman, L., 70, 71 Hermann, A., 437, 444, 461 Hermann, G., 466 Hesse, M. B., 463 Hilbert, D., 125 Hill, E. L., 517 Hill, R. N., 508 Hinshaw, V., 478, 501 Hirosige, T., 461 Hockney, D., 495 Holland, S. P., 64, 71 Holt, R. A., 487 Holton, G., 474 Hooker, C. A., 287, 300, 458, 466, 470,

473, 475, 476, 482, 483, 484, 488, 495, 500,503,506, 51I, 517

Home, M. A., 445, 453, 455, 487 Horz, H., 466, 472, 473, 514 Hubner, K., 466, 486, 495 Hund, F., 460 Husimi, K., 495

Inglis, D. R., 483 Ito, K., 308, 322

Jammer, M., 179, 193,212,218,457,461, 462,466

Janossy, L., 471,483,517 Jauch, J. M., 55, 56, 72, 91, 103, Ill, 1I4,

119, 123, 145, 146, 180, 193, 229, 234, 235, 236, 241, 243, 244, 300, 326, 363, 415, 466, 486, 489, 493, 495, 500, 501, 506,511,514,518

Jeffcott, B., 90, 91, 103

Jeffrey, H., 489 Jeffrey, R., 176 Jeffreys, H., 489 Jonsson, C., 518 Jordan, P., 495, 507, 512, 513 Judge, P. 514

Kampffer, F. A., 469 Kan, D., 165, 177 Kaplan, M. A., 183, 193 Karlin, S., 308, 309, 322 Kasday, L., 484 Keller, J. B., 486 Kelley, J. L., 186, 192 Kellner, G., 501 Kemble, E. C., 466, 469, 507 Kennard, E. H., 514 Kennedy, R. S., 186, 193 Kershaw, D., 486 Khinchine, A., 313 Kilmister, C. W., 215, 218 Kirschenmann, P., 514 Klein, F., 153 Klein, M. J., 461, 481 Knight, B., 518 Kobe, D. H., 518 Kochen, S., 148, 177,221,229, 234, 256,

257, 259, 276, 280, 323, 325, 327, 329, 331, 333, 336, 339, 344, 357, 363, 400, 408, 415, 417, 418, 419, 420, 423, 427, 429,431,486,495,500

Kocher, C. A., 484 Koga, T., 518 Kolmogorov, A. N., 79, 98, 100, 103, 125,

145, 146, 179, 193, 419, 420 K-omar, A., 473, 507 Koopman, B., 489 Komer, S., 244, 470, 495 Kotas, J., 55, 72, 495, 496 Kraft, C., 182, 193 Krantz, D., 183, 193 Kreisel, G., 3, 4, II, 17, 18 Kreisler, M. N., 515 Krips, H. P., 466, 484, 496, 507, 511 Kronfii, N. S., 496, 502 Kuhn, T. S., 457, 460, 461 Kunsemuller, H., 55, 72, 496 Kuryshkin, V. V., 489 Kuznetsov, B. G., 478, 482, 500

INDEX OF NAMES 525

Kuznetsov, I., 478 Kyrala, A., 518

Lamb, W. E., 466 Lambert, K., 496 Landau, L., 250, 280 Lande, A., 197, 218, 433, 437, 441, 442,

444,477, 478, 481, 489, 501, 507, 511, 514

Landesberg, P. T., 514 Landsberg, P. T., 232, 234 Lanz, G. R., 507 Lanz, L., 507 Laplace, P. S., 123 Latzer, R. W., 323,455 Lebowitz, J. L., 503 Leighton, R., 192 Leiter, D., 519 Lenzen, V. F., 466, 475 Levi, I., 496 Levy, E., 478 Levy-Leblond, J.-M., 515, 519 Loinger, A., 222,234, 485, 505, 507 London, F., 507 Losee, J., 473 Louisell, W. H., 186, 193 Luce, R. D., 193 Luders, G., 508 Ludwig, G., 222, 243, 244, 462, 463, 469,

507,508, 5Il, 513, 514

Mackay, D. M., 474 Mackey, G. W., 91, 98, 103, 235, 244,

467,496,500,514 MacKinnon, E., 463, 466, 467 MacLaren, M. D., 91, 103 Maczynski, M. J., 148, 177,400,408,414,

418,419,420,513 Maeda, F., 496 Maeda, S., 496 Magyar, G., 518 Marchand, J. P., 145, 146 Margenau, H., 140, 141, 142, 145, 146,

225, 226, 250, 280, 288, 289, 290, 300, 325, 363, 368, 385, 395, 463, 467, 471, 476, 481, 489, 491, 500, 501, 508, 509, 510,511,.512

Margenau, M., 508 Marlow, A. R., 496

Marsden, E., 71 Masotto, G., 486 Matyasevic, J. V., 12, 17 Matz,L.,460 Maxwell, G., 463, 469 Maxwell, N., 475, 508 Mayants, L. S., 489 McKean, H. P., 308, 322 McKinney, I. P., 507 McKinnon, E., 479 McKinsey, J. C. C., 499 McKnight, J. L., 508 McMillan, E. M., 518 Mehlberg, H., 463, 467, 501, 503 Mehra, J., 467, 469, 470, 475, 511, 518 Mercier, A., 501 Meskov, V. S., 497 Messiah, A., 180, 185, 193,469 Meyer-Abich, K., 462, 473 Mielnik, B., 496 Mignani, R., 515 Miller, F. R., 105, 1I2, 1I9 Mints, G. E., 17, 18 Mirman, R., 483, 518 Misra, B., 145, 486 Mittelstaedt, P., 55, 72, 464, 483, 496,500,

511 Moldauer, P. A., 483, 508 Moser, J., 16, 18 Moulde, R. A., 508 Moyal, J. E., 145, 146, 316, 321,489 Muller, A., 467 Milller, H., 49 Millier-Markus, S., 475, 476

Nagasaka, G.-I., 483 Nagel, E., 467, 500, 501 Naimark, M. A., 333, 363 Nauenberg, M., 511 Nelson, E., 280, 310, 316, 322, 483, 518 Neubrunn, T., 489 Nilson, D. R., 457, 500, 509 Nixio, S., 461 Noren, S. J., 517 Northrop, F. S. C., 489 Noyes, P., 216, 217, 218 Nussenzw~ig, H. M., 514

Dchs, W., 487, 489, 497

526 INDEX OF NAMES

Odegard, Do, 244 Omel'yanovskii (Omeljanowski,

Omelyonovsky), Mo Eo 478 Oppenheim, Po, 474 Orevkov, Vo Po, 9, 18 Owen, Jo, 335, 363 Owens, Jo, 243, 244

Palter, Ro, 479 Papaliolios, Co, 487 Papp, Eo, 519 Park, Jo L., 140, 141, 142, 145, 146, 368,

385, 395, 467, 476, 500, 508, 509, 511 Parker-Rhodes, Ao Fo, 215 Paul, Ao Mo, 517 Pauli, Wo, 31,46, 187,250,280,422,464,

468,474,500 Peat, Fo Do, 518 Peieris, Ro, 250, 280 Peres, Ao, 484, 509 Perlman, So, 516 Peter, Mo, 145 Petersen, Ao, 467, 473,517 Phipps, To Eo, 503 Piron, Co, 55, 56, 72, 145, 146, 235, 236,

238,241, 242, 243, 245, 326, 363, 415, 467, 486, 494, 495, 497, 500, 513, 516, 519

Piziak, Ro, 71, 72 Planck, Mo, 212, 436 Podolsky, Bo, 192,280,283,300,359,363,

481,482 Poincare, Ho, 442 Polikarov, Ao, 502 Pool, Jo Co To, 326, 363,497 Popper, Ko Ro, 180, 193, 197, 218, 239,

243, 244, 245, 368, 395, 464, 476, 477, 484,490,491,497,502,515

Post, Ho Ro, 300, 301, 467 Pratt, Jo, 193 Prosperi, Go Mo, 222, 231, 234, 504, 505,

507,509 Prugovec~Eo,469,497, 509, 511, 513 Pryce, Mo Ho L., 335, 363 Przelecki, Mo, 497 Przibram, Ko, 462 Putnam, Ho, 47, 48, 53, 222, 234, 283, 464,

471,497, 509, 510, 511 Pyantnitsym, Vo No, 497

Quine, Wo Vo 00, 497

Raman, Vo Vo, 462 Randall, Co Ho, 73, 85, 91, 92, 95, 96, 98,

102, 103, 180, 193, 498 Rankin, Bo, 503 Rayski, Jo, 471 Recami, Eo, 515 Reece, Go, 458, 510 Reiche, Fo, 461 Reichenbach, Ho, 48, 464, 467, 498, 500,

503,510 Reiser, 00 L., 498 Reisler, Do L., 290, 301, 483 Renninger; Mo, 5Hl Renyi, Ao, 125, 145, 146, 180, 193 Rescher, No, 498 Richardson, Do, 14, 17, 18 Richter, Eo, 498 Rimini, Ao, 506 Robinson, Mo, 515 Rollins, Co Do, 244, 245 Rosen, No, 192, 280, 283, 300, 359, ~63,

471,482, 509,518 Rosenfeld, L., 195, 196, 218, 461, 473,

474,475,502,510,514 Ross, Do Jo, 365 Rosser, Jo Bo, 498 Rothstein, Jo, 475 Rozenthal, So, 473 Ruark, Ao Eo, 483 Rubin, Ho, 468 Ruegy, Ho, 519 Russell, Bo, 123 Rutherford, Do Eo, 498 Ruttiman, Go To, 498 Ryason, Po Ro, 515 Rybakov, Yo Po, 502

Sachs, Mo, 484, 518, 519 Salker, Ho, 519 Salmon, Wo Co, 498 Salt, Do, 513 Sands, Mo, 192 Scarpellini, Bo, 14, 18 Scheibe, Eo, 150, 177,458,464,468,475,

487, 491, 498, 499, 500, 502, 511, 514 Scheurer, Po Bo, 498 Schiff, L.I., 307, 314, 322, 395

INDEX OF NAMES 527

Schiller, R., 502 Schilpp, P. A., 464 Schlegel, R., 473, 483, 503, 519 Schlesinger, K., 500 Schlick, M., 502 Schlieder, S., 519 SchiIpp, P. A., 481, 482 SchrOdinger, E., 179, 221, 249, 280, 285,

286, 287, 288, 290, 291, 299, 301, 437, 484,510,515

Schulman, L. S., 510 Schulz, G., 502 Schumacher, D. L., 475, 480, 482 Schiitzer, G., 488 Schwartz, J. T., 243, 244 Schwinger, J., 510 Scoledes, A. G., 490 Scott, W. T., 462, 510 Scotti, A., 231, 234, 507 Scriven, M., 502, 512 Segal, I. E., 513 Seidenberg, A., 193 Sellars, W., 227, 512 Selleri, F., 471, 482, 486, 487 Shamaly, A., 515 Shankara, T. S., 515 Shankland, R. S., 481 Sharp, D., 484 She, C. Y., 186, 187, 193, 498 Sherman, S., 513 Shimony, A., 255, 261, 279, 280, 324, 363,

402, 419, 468, 478, 479, 487, 498, 505, 510

Siegel, A., 487,519 Sigal, R., 515 Sikorski, R., 157, 177,419,420 Simons, 289 Singer, P., 484 Sklar, L., 476, 491 Sneed, J. D., 150, 176, 177,250,280,300,

301, 476, 490, 519, 563 Solomon, J., 502 Solvay, C., 22 Sommerfeld, A., 437, 461 Specker, E. P., 8,12,13,18,148,177,221,

229, 234, 256, 257, 259, 276, 280, 323, 325, 327, 329, 331, 333, 336, 339, 344, 357, 363, 400, 408, 415, 417, 418, 419, 420, 423, 427, 429, 431, 486, 495, 500

Sperber, G., 510 Stalnaker, R., 66, 72 Stapp, H. P., 252, 261, 280, 471, 473, 511 Stegmuller, W., 242, 244, 245 Stein, H., 279, 468, 471, 510 Stenius, E., 498 Stevens, K. W. H., 335, 338, 363 Stolz, P., 513 Straus, M., 498 Strauss, M., 462, 464, 475, 491, 498, 500 Stueckelberg, E. C. G., 519 Suppe, F., 464 Suppes, P., 17, 145, 146, 148, 154, 155,

176, 177, 186, 187, 193,303, 320,321, 322, 325, 363, 445, 464, 477, 490, 491, 499,502

Sussman, G., 498 Sussmann, G., 499

Takabayashi, T., 490 Tarski, A., 10, 243, 245 Taylor, J. G., 503 Teller, E., 510 Teller, P., 281 Ter Baar, D., 461 Termini, S., 149, 176 Thomason, R., 66, 72 Thomson, G., 461 Tolman, R., 469 Tomonaga, S., 462, 469 Toraldo di Francia, G., 464 Tornebohn, H., 499 Toulmin, S., 470, 482 Treder, H.-J., 482 Tribus, M:, 518 Tupper, B. O. J., 218 Turing, 3, 7 Turner, J., 487, 499 Turquette, A. R., 468, 498, 500 Tutsch, J. H., 487 Tversky, A., 193 Tyagi, U. K., 516

van der Merwe, 470,482,484 vander Waerden, B. L., 462 van Fraassen, B. C., 56, 57, 60, 61, 66, 67,

72, 222, 226, 229, 230, 234, 250, 280, 283, 287, 288, 297, 299, 300, 301, 430, 431, 464, 468, 487, 491, 499, 500, 501,

528 INDEX OF NAMES

502, 507, 510 van Kampen, N. G., 234, 469, 51l van Vechten, D., 505 van Vleck, J. H., 475, 515 Varadarajan, V. S., 145, 146, 148, 149,

ISO, 177, 326, 333, 363,490, 500, 514 Vigier, J.-P., 471, 484, 487, 490, 502, 519 von Laue, M., 500 von Mises, R., 179 von Neumann, J., 50, 90, 101, 103, 145,

161, 176, 179, 187, 192,221,222,231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 243, 244, 245, 277, 281, 288, 289, 295, 301, 325, 326, 327, 328, 334, 363, 366, 395, 415, 424, 431, 439, 468, 487, 491, 495,499, 500, 514

von Weizsiicker, C. F., 196,207,219,473, 477, 490, 498, 499, 515

Vujicic, M., 482

Waismann, F., 499, 502 Wakita, H., 511 Walker, E. H., 511 Wartofsky, M., 470 Watanabe, S., 490, 499, 500 Weaver, R. J., 92, 103 Weidlich, W., 471, 511 Weiner, C., 462 Weingarten, D., 473 Werkmeister, W. H., 468, 476 Wessels, L., 499

Weyl, H., 464, 519 Wheeler, J., 19,46, 198, 219. 480 Whiteman, M., 511 Whittacker, E. T., 462 Wick, G. c., 217, 219 Wiener, N., 487, 490, 491 Wigner, E. P., 124, 125, 144, 145, 146,

206, 219, 221, 249, 250, 256, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 267, 268, 269, 271, 275, 279, 281, 325, 364, 411, 412, 415,420, 445, 447, 452, 455, 468, 486, 487, 490, 495, 506, 509, SIl, 512, 513, 519

Witt-Hansen, J., 473 Woodward, J. F., 520 Workman, R. W., 502

Yanase, M., 250, 280, 504, 506, 51l Yevick, M. L., 502 Yoshida, R. M., 489 Yourgrau, W., 470, 477, 482, 484 Yukawa, H., 217, 219, 503, 520

Zanotti, M., 303, 444 Zawirski, Z., 499 Zecca, A., 494 Zeh, H. D., 51l Zierier, N., 500 Zimmerman, E. J., 503 Zinnes, J. J., 487 Zinov'ev, A. A., 500 Zweifel, P. F. Z., 484, 51l

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Abelian family of observables, 271 Acceleration, 211 Action at a distance, 288, 298 Additive functional, 326 Almost-everywhere equivalence, 356 Analogues of physical concepts, 216 Antiautomorphism, 93 Approximate measurement, 368 Approximating probabilities, 182 Approximation, 240 Aristotelian-Thomistic doctrine of actus

and potentia (subjectiva), 238 Aristotle's Primary Philosophy, 243 Atomic measure, 400 Atomic system, 422 Automorphism, 93, 105, 118

of a graph, 117 lattice, 118

Axial symmetry, 447 Axiomatic theories of specific mathe­

matical structures Dedekind's,9 Fege's,9

Background, 197, 205, 239 classical, 206, 208 mathematical,201 nature of, 205 state of, 205

Background mechanism, 210 Bad set, 109 Baire measurable function, 99 Base manual, 80--81 Basic inequality, 451 Bell-Clauser construction, 413 Bell's inequality, 262, 445 Bell-Wigner contradiction, 452 Bijective map, 82, 97 Binary algebra, 198 Bivalence, 67--68 Black box, 382

Block,99-102, 106, 116 Boolean algebra, 57-58, 91, 99-102, 417 Boolean atlas, 147-150, 162, 167, 171 Boolean chart, 163, 167 Bbolean coordinate domain, 163 Boolean lattice, 51, 63 Boolean representation, 407, 417 Borel function, 230 Borel measurable set, 351 Borel probability measure, 100, 345 Borel set, 56, 99, 101 Born's interpretation, 212, 223, 381 Born rule, 226, 291, 295 Bose statistics, 337 Bounded configuration, 111 Brouwer degree of a point, 9 Brouwer's fixed-point theorem, 8 Brownian motion, 303, 308

Calculus classical, 132 quantal, 132

Calculus of experimental propositions, 55 Cancellation, 192 Canonical selection function, 67-70 Canonical variable, 141-142 Causality,,453 Certainty, 241 Choice axiom, 273 Choice disjunction, 57, 68, 69 Choice negation, 57 Classical approximation, 368 Classical celestial mechanics, 270 Classical conditional, 64 Classical connective, 68 Classical dynamical variable, 256 Classical dynamics, 214, 236 Classical manual, 79 Classical material conditional, 56, 59, 61,

63,65,67 Classical mechanics, 360

530 INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Classical probability calculus, 124 Classical probability space, 255, 417 Classical theory of permutation groups,

85 Closed operational proposition, 88, 89 Coarse graining of Hilbert space, 231 Coherence, 78-79 Coherent premanual, 79 Coin flipping, 304 Collection, 79, 84, 101 Collective, 179 Collective potential, 337 Collision, 201 Collision problem, 15 Column, 203 Combinatorial, 105

design, 105 scheme, 215 structure, 200 theory, 216

Combinatorial design, 105 Comeasurability,259 Commeasurability, 323, 327, 332 Commutative algebra, 331 Commutativity, 139, 323, 332 Commuting operator, 335 Commuting proposition, 91 Comparative probability, 184 Comparative probability of joint events,

189 Comparative probability order

additive, 184 nonadditive, 184

Compatibility, 63, 64, 133, 139, 423 Compatibility relation, 172 Compatible event, 78 Compatible observable, 324 Compensating uncertainties, 186 Complement, 62, 90 Complementarity, 50, 53, 179, 185-187,

195,207 Complementary observable, 188 Complete function, 352 Complete lattice, 106 Completeness, 249, 273, 303, 418, 423

nondeterministic, 304 of quantum theory, 249 of statistical theory, 423 stochastic, 303, 316

Composite system, 290 Composition, 284, 291 Compound manual, 91, 95-96 Compound operation, 80--82

mUltistage, 81 one-stage, 80 two-stage, 80, 81

Compound physical operation, 74 Compounding of manuals, 80 Concept

loose empirical, 241 precise theoretical, 241

Conditional, 55, 59, 63 classical, 64 classical material, 56, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67 counterfactual, 61, 66, 69, 70 material, 55, 62, 68, 69, 71 modal,61 quantum logical, 56, 58, 61-70 Stalnaker, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 Stalnaker (counterfactual), 55 standard material, 56 subjunctive, 66 weakened, 66

Conditional certainty, 285, 290, 298 Conditional determinism, 445 Conditional measure, 404 Conditional operation, 55 Conditional probability, 398 Conditional statistical independence, 445 Conditionalization, 265 Conditioning, 96 Confined configuration, 11 0 Confirmation set, 87 Connected sequences, 80 Connection, 441 Connective, 56

classical, 68 general implication, 61 intensional, 68 modal,68 truth-functional, 69

Consistency proof, 288 Constraint on mathematical structure,

199 Contextualistic, 324, 403 Contextualistic equivalence, 354 Contextualistic theory, 268, 346 Continuity, 434

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 531

Continuum background, 200 physical, 200

Contrafactual, 361 Contrafactual observation statement, 324 Contraposition, 56, 65

laws of, 61-64 Convex set, 105 Copenhagen interpretation, 252, 407, 417 Copenhagen principle, 292 Correlated systems, 365 Correspondence, 185, 187, 437 Correspondence postulate, 441 Correspondence principle, 235 Countable partition, 100 Counterfactual conditional, 61, 66, 69,

70,242 Coupled systems, 422 Coupling constant, 217 Covariance, 437, 445 Crypto-deterministic, 316 Cubic structure space, 106, lIS

Dacey manual, 91-100 conjunctive, 95

Decomposition, 85 Deduction, 433 Deduction theorem, 59

weak, 60 de Morgan's laws, 93 Desarguesian projective plane, \09 Determinism, 435, 445 Determinism doctrine, 433 Deterministic prediction, 336 Diffusion process, 316 Dirac measure, 330 Direct successor, 81 Discrete processes, 215 Disjunction, 90

choice, 68-69 quantum logical, 68-69

Dispersion-free state, 327, 330, 341, 421 Distribution function, 127 Distributive law, 49-51, 60, 64 Disturbance theory, 406, 412, 418 Dynamic model, 229 Dynamical scheme, 215 Dynamical variable, 359, 360

Eddington's conjecture, 214 Eigenvalue, 58 Eigenvector, 52-53 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox, 205,

210, 249, 283, 325, 359, 365, 454 Electric field, 338 Electron

rest mass of, 239 Element (axiom), 69 Elementary particle event, 216 Elementary propositions of a theory, 56 Elementary quantum theory, 380 Elementary statement, 56, 66 Energy, 223 Energy measurement, 339 Engine, 203, 209 Entropy law of thermodynamics, 439 Equal almost everywhere, 349 Equilibrium, 230 Equilibrium distribution, 405 Equivalence class, 84 Equivalence relation, 78, 84 Ergodic hypothesis, 222 Ergodic theory, 230 Ergodicity, 230, 238 Euclidean space, 424 Event, 77-79

compatible, 78 observable, 100

Event collection, 188 Evolution, 284, 291 Evolution operator, 229, 231 Evolution of system, 231-234 Exchangeability, 448 Excluded middle

law of, 68 Exclusion disjunction, 57 Exclusion negation, 57 Expanded action, 85 Expanded manual, 95-97 Expectation, 445 Expectation function, 326 Expectation value, 100, 126-128 Experimental observable, 324 Exper.imental outcome, 346. 359 Experimental proposition, 327, 350 Experimental result, 73

Fermi statistics, 337

532 INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Fiber product, 166-168 Field, 48, 202, 216 Field theory, 48 Filter (theory), 69 Filtering operation, 74 Force, 202 Formal product, 80 Formalist view, 381 Foulis-Holland theorem, 64 Fourier transform, 143-145 Free action, 83 Free monoid, 80 Free semigroup, 80 Free union of classical manuals, 79 Frequency approach, 196 Frequentist interpretation, 180, 184 Full measure, 349 Function

almost constant observation, 353 Borel measurable, 353 . canonical selection, 67-70 complete, 352 distance, 67 nonconstant, 353 norm, 67 selection, 70 Stalnaker selection, 66, 70 Van Fraassen selection, 70

Functional composition, 327-331, 344 Fuzzy event, 149, 165

Gedankenexperiment, 186 General distributive law, 92 General implication connective, 61 General implication operation, 63 General orthomodular lattice, 63 Geometry, 125

classical, 48 Euclidean, 47, 48 laws of. 47 non-Euclidean, 125 of physical space, 125 of space-time, 125

Gleason's theorem, 102, 135-136, 276, 408,427

Godel's completeness theorem, 10 Godel's incompleteness theorems, 10 Grand canonical operation, 79 Graph, 105-106

Groundstate, 294 Group, 82-85

automorphism, 116

Hadamard's principle, 4,11,15,16 Hamiltonian, 225, 231,316,372 Heisenberg representation, 229 Heisenberg's S-matrix theory, 252 Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, 212 Helium atom, 336 Here/there conditional, 250 Here/there correlation, 270 Hermitian operator, 186, 223, 366, 369,

377,380 Hidden parameter, 256, 269, 454 Hidden state, 332 Hidden variable, 253, 256, 265, 273, 278,

327, 359 Hidden variable theory, 50, 145,204, 249,

255, 268, 279, 303, 324, 331. 336, 339, 345,401,445 local, 269,445 strict, 409

Hierarchical algebra, 215 Hilbert space, 51, 52, 58, 67, 68, 71, 101,

106,118,134,137,187,221,223,235, 239, 296, 312, 323, 332, 358, 384, 397 infinite-dimensional complex, 57 vector of, 57

Holistic theory, 268 Homeostasis, 209 Homomorphic relation, 331 Homomorphism, 345

Idealization, 240 formal criterion for, 240

Idempotent magnitude, 424 Identically true proposition, 59 Identity transformation, 80 Ignorance, 287, 291 Ignorance interpretation, 287, 290, 298 Image, 56 Image space, 286 Implication connective, 60, 65, 70

weakly transitive, 60 Implication relation, 58 Implicative lattice, 60 Imprimitivity, 85, 86 Incompatibility, 48, 417

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 533

Incompatible observable, 295 Incompatible proposition, 326 Incompleteness, 249, 303, 421

in quantum mechanics, 303 of quantum theory, 249 stochastic, 303, 316

Inconsistency proof, 365, 371, 380 Independence, 129,449,453 Independent event, 435 Independent trials, 74 Indeterminate, 87 Indeterminism, 317, 417 Indexing set, 86 Indicator state, 292 Indistinguishability, 231 Indistinguishability proof, 222 Induced submanual, 86, 95 Induction, 433 Infimum, 91, 92 Information theory, 243 Initial operation, 81 Instruction, 73, 81, 84 Instrumentalism, 381 Instrumentalist interpretation, 270 Intensional connective, 68 Interaction, 201 Interference, 439 Interference effect, 222, 229 Interference term, 397 Interpolated value, 258, 272, 278 Interpretation

modal,283 quantum logical, 283 statistical, 283

Interpretative postulate, 291 Irredundancy,79 Irredundant premanual, 79 Isolated point, 116 Isolated system, 129 Isomorphic logics, 93 Isotropy group, 86

Join, 58, 62 Joint conditional distribution, 450 Joint distribution, 133, 141, 270, 303, 325

proper, 314 Joint Distribution Rule, 262 Joint measurement, 186, 188 Joint observation, 185

Kochen and Specker's helium atom, 336 Kochen and Specker's no-hidden-varia­

ble proof, 323 Kochen and Specker theorem, 417 Kolmogorov single-operation manual, 79

Language-entry rule, 227 Language-exit rule, 227 Large ensembles, 50, 51 Lattice, 51, 326

atomic orthomodular, 57 Boolean, 51, 63 general orthomodular, 63 of general quantum mechanics, 55 implicative, 60 orthocomplemented, 63 orthomodular, 62, 63, 90, 101, 105 orthomodular theory, 64 quantum, 63 of quantum logical propositions, 60 of quantum mechanical projections, 60

Lattice operation, 59 standard, 62

Lattice order relation, 61 Lattice of projections, 90 Lattice of projections on Hilbert space, 55 Lattice of quantum logical propositions,

55,60 Lattice of quantum mechanical projec-

tions,60 Lattice structure, 317 Lattice theoretic operation, 58 Lattice theoretic relation, 58 Lattice theory, 235 Learning, 3-17

all-or-none, 317 incremental, 317

Learning curve, 317 Learning model

continuous-time, 321 Lebesgue measure, 129, 144.236,351 Linear harmonic oscillator, 303, 306, 308,

310,316,318 Linear spaces, 51 Linearity condition, 326 Liouville's theorem, 129 Local causality, 261 Local covering, 163 Locality, 249, 261, 269, 279, 397, 408, 418,

534 INDEX OF SUBJECTS

449 Locality condition, 408 Locality postulate, 412 Logic, 55, 93, 94, 100

Aristotelian, 47 classical, 48, 49,59 empirical, 100 isomorphic, 93 laws of, 47 operational, 94 quanturn, 48, 49, 50, 65

Logical space, 50, 56, 427 Logical structure of quantum mechanics,

57 Logical structure of a theory, 56 Logical symmetry, 93

regular, 93 Logically strongest consistent proposi­

tion, 50, 51, 52 Low-energy state, 338

Mackey observable, 99, 100, 101, 102 Mackey variable, 98 Macroscopic experience, 201 Macroscopic object, 221 Macroscopic observable, 223, 228 Macroscopic observation, 221 Macroscopic state, 221, 223 Macrostate, 228 Macrovariable, 228 Maczynski's result, 408 Manual, 75-86, 102

action of a group on, 86 base, 80 classical, 79 compound, 91, 95, 96 conjunctive, 92 conjunctive Dacey, 95 Dacey, 91-93,98, 100 expanded, 95, 97 Kolmogorov single-operation, 79 logic of, 86, 90 nonisomorphic, 93 operational logic of, 89 operational symmetry of, 97 physical, 75-79, 86 semiclassical, 79, 83, 91-95 stochastic symmetry of, 97

Manual of operations, 75

Manual of transformations, 83 Manuals, 79

compounding of, 80 free union of classical, 79

Many-body approximation, 336 Many-body system, 296 Many-to-one correspondence, 323, 331,

343 Margenau's interpretation, 288 Marginal, 265 Marginal expansion, 265 Marginal probability condition, 265, 274 Markov process, 407 Martingale, 407 Material conditional, 55, 62, 69, 71

classical, 65 Material conditional connective, 59 Materia1 implication, 55

positive paradox of, 64 Mathematical psychology, 303, 308, 317

mean learning curves in, 317 Mathematical structure, 200 Maximal experiment, 355 Maximal magnitude, 400, 408

locally, 408 Maximal observable, 295 Measurability, 351 Measurable set, 350 Measurable space, 101, 126, 345 Measure, 98

projection-valued, 98 proposition-valued, 98

Measure theory, 125, 350 Measure zero, 349 Measurement, 49, 75, 195, 199, 207, 221,

230,293 physical, 237

Measurement apparatus, 289, 295 Measurement chart, 174 Measurement independency, 269 Measurement operation, 74, 82 Measurement problem, 224 Measurement theory, 250, 384 Measuring apparatus, 294 Mechanical theory, 235 Mechanics, 79

classical (statistical), 79 Mechanistic theory, 3 Meet, 58, 62

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 535

Metalanguage, 243 Microprocesses, 47 Microsystem, 206 Minimal cycle, 106

order of, 106 Mirror-image correlation, 410 Missing physicaI operation, 78 Mixed state, 71, 227, 286 Mixnue,221,227,327,341 Modal conditional, 61 Modal connective, 68 Modal interpretation, 283, 291, 299 Modal logic

strict implications of, 60 Model,75

world picture, 75 Modus ponens deduction scheme, 55-56,

69 Modus ponens inference scheme, 69 Molecular disorder, 435 MonnentUEn,49-53,79,186,293,303,314,

360,368,436 angular, 223 linear, 223

MonnentUEn observable, 366 Monoid, 80

free, 80 Motion, 202

Hanniltonian, 50 Lagrangian, 50 laws of, 50

Multistage connpound operation, 81 Mutually orthogonal, 88

Nearness ordering annong worlds, 55. Necessity,242 Negation, 87

choice, 57 exclusion, 57

Negation nnapping, 93 Nickel Tutton salts, 335 No-hidden-variable proof, 221, 257, 323 Nonnological law, 242 Non-Desarguesian plane, 118 Non-Desarguesian proposition system,

106, lll, 114 NoncoIDIDutativity, 266 NoncoIDIDuting observable, 259-260, 314 NoncoIDIDuting quantity, 271

Noncontextua1istic, 403 Noncontextualistic theory, 255, 269 Nonfrequentist interpretation, 185 Nonnnaximal nnagnitude, 403 Nonnneasurable set, 351 Nonnnechanistic theory, 9 Norm. function, 67 Norm.al (Gaussian) distribution, 309 Norm.ed nneasure, 179 Noyes's argunnent, 216 NUEnerology, 215

Object language, 239, 243 Object-property idionn, 74, 87 Object-system observable, 233 Objective statistical analysis, 73 Objectivist, 195 Objectivist probability, 199 Observable, 100, 199

allowed value for, 223 hidden-variable, 331 physical,101 quantUEn, 331 sharp value for, 223

Observation, 195, 207 Observation function, 348, 361 Observation report, 292 One-body system, 296 One-diIDensional subspace, 52 One-one correspondence, 58, 78,86, 101,

102,331 One-stage connpound operation, 80 Operation, 56, 73-82, 87

basic, 80 connplement, 56 connpound, 80, 82 connpound physical, 74 filtering, 74 general implication, 63 grand canonical, 79 implication, 60, 62 initial, 81 join,56 nnea.surennent, 74 nneet, 56 nnissing physical, 78 one-stage connpound, 80 pairwise disjoint, 79 physical,73-79

536 INDEX OF SUBJECTS

preparation, 74 primitive physical, 74, 80 redundant physical, 77 special implication, 63 trivial physical, 80 two-stage compound, 80

Operation system of imprimitivity, 85 Operational logic, 94 Operational proposition, 87-99 Operational statistics, 73 Operational symmetry, 82 Operational system of imprimitivity, 86 Operator-observable correspondence,

365,385 Opposite measurement, 448 Ordering relation, 48 Orevkov'sf, 9 Orthoautomorphism, 117 Orthocomplemented lattice, 63, 106 Orthocomplemented projective plane,

106,109 Orthoconsistent, 88 Orthoconsistent operational proposition,

88 Orthogonal complement, 57 Orthogonal decomposition, 287, 295 Orthogonal expansion, 284 Orthogonal outcome, 79 Orthogonal projection, 67 Orthogonal set, 79 Orthogonality,89 Orthogonality relation, 82 Orthologic, 89-95, 102

center of, 91 conjunctive, 92 strong set of states on, 95 strong set of weights on, 95 symmetry of, 93

Orthomodular lattice, 62, 63, 90, 101, 105, 106, III

Orthomodular lattice theory, 64, 70 Orthomodular law, 63 Orthomodular law of conventional quan-

tum logic, 56 Orthomodular poset, 90, 93, 95, 99 Orthomodularity, 105 Orthonegation, 88 Oscillator, 303, 306, 308, 310, 316, 318 Outcome, 73-82, 85-87, 93, 95

experimental,346 identification, 82 orthogonal, 79

Outcome identification, 82-85 physically significant, 85

Outcome set, 73-84, 88, 94, 100 disjoint, 75 overlap, 82 overlapping, 75

Outcome sets collection of, 86

Outcomes, 75, 76, 83 pairs of, 75 physical equivalence of, 83

Paramagnetic resonance, 335 Partial algebra, 323, 329, 344, 357, 423 Partial order, 181 Partial plane, 118 Participating observer, 197 Particle, 48, 195, 197, 199, 203, 21l, 217,

~18 instantaneous velocity of, 240 motion of, 303 primacy of, 197

Particle processes, 20 I, 215 Particle theory, 48 Pauli exclusion principle, 337,443 Permutation groups, 85

classical theory of, 85 Perspectivity, 118 Phase, 228, 275 Phase space, 51, 187, 255, 262, 264, 272,

273 Physical description, 191 Physical equivalence, 75 Physical equivalence of outcomes, 83, 84 Physical geometry, 55 Physical interpretation, 139, 308 Physical laws, 53 Physical manual, 75-79, 86 Physical observable, 101 Physical operation, 73-84, 90, 94, 376

compound, 74 missing, 78 primitive, 74, 80 redundant, 77 trivial,80

Physical proposition, 51

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 537

Physical system, 82, 83, 299 physical transformation of, 82 preliminary transformation of, 83

Physical theories Logic inherent to, 56 Van Fraassen's view of, 56

Physical theory, 324 abstract, 327, 339, 358 arbitrary, 345 classical, 325, 339, 342 extension of, 339

Physical transformation in space-time, 75 Physics, 47

axiomatization of, 49 quantum, 73, 74

Planck's constant, 211, 213, 436, 443 Point mass, 240 Pointer observable, 224 Pointer position, 224, 228, 251,255 Polarizer, 206, 403 Position, 49,50--33,79, 186,223,293,303,

314, 360, 368 Position measurement, 49 Position observable, 366 Positive paradox of material implication,

64 Positivist instrumentalism, 252 Positivistic view, 305, 316, 381 Precision in measurement, 236 Predicted distribution, 232 Prediction, 94 Premanual, 79

coherent, 79 irredundant, 79

Preparation operation, 74 Primitive physical operation, 74, 80 Probabilistic chart, 174 Probabilistic ground structure, 438 Probabilistic mechanics, 441 Probabilistic particle argument, 213 Probabilistic theory, 187 Probability, 50, 100, 195, 197, 204, 213,

226,303,438 in classical physics, 50 classical theory of, 100, 124 comparative, 181, 188, 190 conditional, 125 empirical interpretation of, 196 objective, 124

objectivist, 199 propensity view of, 180 quantitative, 179-181, 188, 190 in quantum theory, 50, 124,211

Probability amplitude, 439 Probability assignment, 254, 273 Probability calculus, 123, 124, 263

classical, 124, 126, 129, 133, 136 generalized, 124 quantum, 123, 130, 133, 143, 145

Probability density, 307, 308 Probability density function, 310, 314 Probability distribution, 327, 374

time-dependent, 306 Probability distribution function, 126 Probability measure, 100, 101, 126, 254,

255,340 Borel, 100, 340 countablyadditive, 100 finitely additive, 100

Probability space, 100, 126, 400 classical, 417 .

Probability statement, 123 Probability theory, 79, 124, 145 Probability theory of particles, 303 Product, 80

formal, 80 Product Rule, 257, 270, 275

inconsistency of, 261, 267 Projection, 58, 284, 291 Projection operator, 230, 333 Projection postulate, 114, 250, 259, 288,

290,291,298 Projection-valued measure, 98 Projective geometry, 106 Projective plane, 106, 108 Property, 75 Proposition, 87, 88, 89, 91, 94

closed operational, 88 commuting, 91 infimum of, 91 operational, 87, 94 orthoconsistent operational, 88 quantum mechanical, 101 self-consistent operational, 87 supremum of, 91 testable operational, 88

Proposition system, 115 Proposition-valued measure, 98

538 INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Propositional algebra, 56, 57, 66 Propositional calculus, law of, 49 Propositions, 92

collection of, 101 conjunction of, 92 disjunction of, 92

Psi-function (see also state vector, state function), 52

Pure state, 283, 341

Qualitative postulate, 306 Quantization, 4, 48 Quantization of action, 217 Quantum algorithm, 208 Quantum complement, 57 Quantum event, 154, 163, 167 Quantum field theory, 333, 365 Quantum lattice, 63 Quantum logic, 51-55, 65, 68, 101, 105,

154,180,187,196,283,317,325 Quantum logic homomorphism, 154 Quantum logical conditional, 58, 61--64 Quantum logical disjunction, 68, 69 Quantum logical interpretation, 50-53,

283 Quantum logical interrelation, 48 Quantum logical proposition, 58 Quantum logical view of the world, 49 Quantum logics, 90, Ill, ll5 Quantum measurement, 256, 283 Quantum mechanical description, 50 Quantum mechanical interpretation, 298 Quantum mechanical probability, 400 Quantum mechanical proposition, 57, 59 Quantum mechanical pure states, 56, 71 Quantum mechanical system, 399 Quantum mechanics, 51, 52, 57, 66, 73,

100,303,433,442 foundations of, 235 laws of, 50 orthodox, 90, 100, 101 quantum logical interpretation of, 47 theory of, 303

Quantum object, 196 Quantum observable, 156,221 Quantum particle, 197 Quantum physics, 50, 73, 74, 198 Quantum probability, 251 Quantum probability calculus, 123

Quantum problem, 436 Quantum riddle, 433 Quantum simplex, 155 Quantum state, 155

statistical interpretation for, 225 Quantum statistics, 398 Quantum theory, 195, 197, 256, 275, 325

elementary, 283 Hilbert space, 139 interpretation of, 249 lattice-theoretic, 139 semantics for, 255 statistical interpretation, 251

Quantum thermodynamics, 222 Quantum world, 433 Quaternion field, 134

Random measure, 404 Random variable, 98-102, 126, 127, 255,

445 classical, 100 in Hilbert space, 134

Random variable formula, 256 Random Variable Rule, 255 Randomization process, 405, 412 Randomness, 100, 397 Reduction, 291 Reduction postulate, 286, 290, 296, 298,

299 Reduction principle, 294 Refinement, 98, 349, 352, 354

maximal, 350 Refutation set, 87 Regularity rule, 278 Reject, 77, 78

operationally, 77,78 Relation, 78, 79, 82

equivalence, 78, 79 implication, 48 incompatibility, 48 lattice order, 61 orthogonality, 82 strict comparability, 117

Relative frequency, 94-96 long-run, 94-96

Relative measure, 404 Relativity

generaltheory of, 125 Representation, 97, 295

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 539

induced, 97 stochastic, 97

Representation problem, 398,418 Riemannian world, 48

Sample space chart, 171 Satisfaction function, 56, 66 Schr6dinger analysis, 226 Schr6dinger's Cat, 249, 250, 365 SchrOdinger equation, 288, 306, 310, 437,

443 Schr6dinger evolution, 221 Schr6dinger's interpretation, 285 Second-order axioms, 9

Dedekind's axioms (for continuum), 9 Peano's axioms (for arithmetic), 9

Selection function, 70 canonical quantum mechanical, 70 Stalnaker, 70 Van Fraassen, 70

Self-adjoint linear operator, 327 Self-consistent operational proposition,

87 Semantical metalanguage, 239 Semantics, 253

for quantum theory, 253, 255 Semi-interpreted language, 56 Semiclassical manual, 91, 95 Semigroup, 80

free, 80 Semimodular lattice, 106 Separability, 332 Set

orthogonal, 79 Set-theoretic complement, 57 Set-theoretic union, 57 Set-theoretical intersection, 57 Simultaneous measurability, 369, 380 Simultaneous measurement, 278 Simultaneous value assignment, 274, 275 Simultaneously observable quantities, 334 Simultaneously testable, 88, 91 Space, 275

Hilbert (see also Hilbert space), 51 inner product, 67 linear, 51 logical, 51, 56 measurable, 101 state, 56

Space-time, 47,75, 198, 199,205 geometry, 198 topology, 198

Space-time continuum, 212 Special implication operation, 63 Spectral measure, 135 Spectral projection, 144 Spectral theorem, 98,101,135 Spectrum Rule, 254, 256, 273, 276

extended, 276 Spin measurement, 448 Spin state, 209 Spin vector, 204 Splitting of observables, 331, 339, 344, 362 Stalnaker conditional, 56, 65-71 Stalnaker conditional (counterfactual), 55 Stalnaker selection function, 66 Standard deviation, 445 Standard lattice operation, 62 Standard material conditional, 56 State, 94, 95, 99, 100, 111

countablyadditive, 102 hidden, 332 nonreguIar, WI pure, 283, 341 quantum mechanical, 102 regular, 95, 101, 102 strong set of, 102

State ascription, 223 State attribution, 292 State function, 52 State/observable, 252 State space, 56,66 State-transition probability, 291 State vector, 52, 53 States, 95

full set of, 112 mixed, 71 quantum mechanical (pure), 57, 71 strong set of, 95, 102, 112

Static model, 229 Statistical analysis, 73 Statistical distribution, 51 Statistical equivalence, 425 Statistical hypothesis, 94 Statistical independence, 449

conditional, 445 Statistical interpretation, 252, 283, 298,

383

540 INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Statistical laws, 51 Statistical mechanics, 235

classical, 421 Statistical particle argument, 213 Statistical pattern, 435 Statistical state, 397, 417

pure, 421 Statistical symmetry, 434 Statistical theory, 421

algebraic structure of, 425 fundamental,421

Statistical variable, 273 Stem-Gerlach analyses, 206 Stem-Gerlach apparatus, 360 Steven's symmetry conditions, 338 Stieltjes-Lebesgue measure, 133 Stochastic independence, 407, 417 Stochastic model, 94, 95, 97

complete, 94, 95 Stochastic modelS, 94 Stochastic process, 309, 310, 316

continuous-state, 304 continuous-time, 304 Markov, 310

Stochastic theory of quantum mechanics, 316

Stone space, 98, 99 Strict correlation, 445 Strict implications of modal logic, 60 Strictness condition, 411 Structure space, 106, 109 Subject-predicate idiom, 87 Subjectivist, 195 Subjectivist observer, 198 Subjunctive conditional, 66 Submanual, 85, 86, 95

induced, 85, 86, 95 Successor, 81

direct, 81 Sum Rule, 257, 271, 275 Superposition, 221, 224, 228, 251, 258,

376 of eigenstates, 278

Supremum, 91, 92, 98 disjunctive, 92

Symmetric difference, 350 Symmetry, 82, 93, 97, 113,437

logical, 93 operational, 82

regular logical, 93 regular stochastic, 97 statistical, 434 stochastic, 97

Symmetry of an orthologic, 93 Symmetry principle, 378

Tarski's elimination of quantifiers, 10 Temporal order, 96 Temporal symmetry, 96 Temporal transformation, 75 Test confirmation, 89, 94 Test of observables, 232 Test operation, 88, 89, 94, 95 Testable, 101, 102 Testable operational proposition, 88 Theory, 341

a priori, 215 classical extension of, 347 extension of, 342 faithful extension of, 343, 347 faithful restriction, 343 nonfaithfu1 classical extension of, 344 observables of, 341 restriction of, 342 states of, 341

Three-body problem, 15 Three-valued logic, 436 Threshold, 184, 192 Tight structure space, 106 Time-development laws, 51 Time-evolution, 421 Time-evolution operator, 384 Time of tlight, 368 Trace condition, 138 Transformation, 74, 75, 80, 83, 96

identity, 80 physical, in space-time, 75 as single-outcome operation, 83 temporal, 75

Transformations, 85, 97 nonempty collection of, 97

Transitivity, 56, 61, 65, 192 law of, 62, 64

Truth assignment, 256 Truth condition, 253, 254 Truth-functional connective, 69 Truth value, 58, 61, 87 Two-body system, 296

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Two-slit experiment, 226 Two-stage compound operation, 80, 81,

83 Two-way symmetry, 439

Uncertainty, 307 quantization of, 183, 184

Uncertainty principle, 368 Uncertainty relation, 141, 142

Validity, 60 Value assignment, 253 Value attribution, 292 Van Fraassen selection function, 70 Van Fraassen's view of physical theories,

56 Variable, 98

Mackey,!?8 random, 98

Variance, 128,307,445 Velocity,211 Verificationism, 422 Virtual operation, 98 Von Neumann's density operator, 102 Von Neumann's experimental proposi-

tion, 236

Von Neumann's proof, 323

Wave function, 206, 337, 384 Wave length, 437 Wave packet, 299, 360 Wave state, 374 Weak deduction theorem, 60 Weakened conditional, 66 Weakening, 56, 65

lawof,64 laws of, 61, 62

Weight, 94, 96, 102, 111,228 pure,96

Weight function, 94, 95, 96 for a manual, 94

Weights, 95 full set of, 112 strong set of, 95, 112

Wide structure space, 106 Wiper anomaly, 124 Wiper's Friend, 365

Yes~no experiment, 131,235,241 meaningfulness of, 236 truth of, 235, 241

541

SYNTHESE LIBRARY

Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the

Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences

Managing Editor: JAAKKO HINTIKKA (Academy of Finland and Stanford University)

Editors: ROBERT S. CoHEN (Boston University)

DONALD DAVIDSON (The Rockefeller University and Princeton University) GABRIiiL NUCHELMANS (University of Leyden) WESLEY C. SALMON (University of Arizona)

1. J. M. BOCHENSKI, A Precis of Mathematical Logic. 1959, X+ 100 pp. 2. P. L. GUlRAUD, Problemes et methodes de fa statistique linguistique. 1960, VI+ 146 pp. 3. HANS FREUDENTHAL (ed.), The Concept and the Role of the Model in Mathematics and

Natural and Social Sciences, Proceedings of a Colloquium held at Utrecht, The Nether­lands, January 1960. 1961, VI+ 194 pp.

4. EVERT W. BETH, Formal Methods. An Introduction to Symbolic Logic and the Study of Effective Operations in Arithmetic and Logic. 1962, XIV + 170 pp.

5. B. H. KAzEMIER and D. VUYSJE (eds.), Logic and Language. Studies dedicated to Profes­sor Rudolf Carnap on the Occasion of his Seventieth Birthday. 1962, VI + 256 pp.

6. MARX W. WARTOFSKY (ed.), Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, 1961-1962, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume 1.1973, VIII +212 pp.

7. A. A. ZINOV'EV, Philosophical Problems of Many-Valu..ed Logic. 1963, XIV + 155 pp. 8. GEORGES GURVITCH, The Spectrum of Social Time. 1964, XXVI + 152 pp. 9. PAUL LoRENZEN, Formal Logic. 1965, VIII + 123 pp.

10. ROBERT S. COHEN and'MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), In Honor of Philipp Frank, B.oston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume II. 1965, XXXIV +475 pp.

11. EVERT W. BETH, Mathematical Thought. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathe­matics. 1965, XII +208 pp.

12. EVERT W. BETH and JEAN PiAGET, Mathematical Epistemology and Psychology. 1966, XII + 326 pp.

13. GUIDO KliNG, Ontology and the Logistic Analysis of Language. An Enquiry into the Contemporary Views on Universals. 1967, XI+2io pp.

14. ROBERT S. COHEN and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Collo­quiumfor the Philosophy of Science 1964-1966, in Memory of Norwood Russell Hanson, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume III. 1967, XLIX + 489 pp.

15. C. D. BROAD, Induction, Probability, and Causation. Selected Papers. 1968, XI + 296 pp. 16. GiiNmER PATZIG, Aristotle's Theory of the Syllogism. A Logical-Philosophical Study

of Book A of the Prior Analytics. 1968, XVII +215 pp. 17. NICHOLAS REscHER, Topics in Philosophical Logic. 1968, XIV +347 pp. 18. ROBERT S. CoHEN and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Collo­

quium for the Philosophy of Science 1966-1968, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume IV. 1969, VIII + 537 pp.

19. ROBERT S. CoHEN and MARX W. W ARTOFSKY (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Collo­quium for the Philosophy of Science 1966-1968, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume V. 1969, VIII +482 pp.

20. J. W. DAVIS, D. J. HOCKNEY, and W. K. WILSON (eds.), Philosophical Logic. 1969, VIII + 277 pp.

21. D. DAVIDSON and J. HINTIKKA (eds.), Words and Objections: Essays on the Work of W. V. Quine. 1969, VIII+366 pp.

22. PATRICK SUPPES, Studies in the Methodology and Foundotions of Science. Selected Papers from 1911 to 1969, 1969, XII + 473 pp.

23. JAAKKO HiNTIKKA, Modelsfor Modalities. Selected Essays. 1969, IX+220 pp. 24. NICHOLAS RESCHER et al. (eds.~ Essays in Honor of Carl G. Hempel. A Tribute on the

Occasion of his Sixty-Fifth Birthday. 1969, VII +272 pp. 25. P. V. TAVANEC(ed.), Problems of the Logic of Scientific Knowledge. 1969, XII +429 pp. 26. MARSHAlL SWAIN (ed.~ Induction, Acceptance, and Rational Belief 1970, VII+232 pp. 27. ROBERT S. CoHEN and RAYMOND J. SEEGER (eds.), Ernst Mach; Physicist and Philos­

opher, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume VI. 1970, VIII+295 pp.

28. JAAKKO HiNTIKKA and PATRICK SUPPES, Information and Inference. 1970, X+336 pp. 29. KAREL LAMBERT, Philosophical Problems in Logic. Some Recent Developments. 1970,

VII + 176 pp. 30. ROLF A. EBERLE, Nominalistic Systems. 1970, IX+217 pp. 31. PAUL WEINGARTNER and GBRHARD ZBcHA (eds.), Induction, Physics, and Ethics, Pro­

ceedings and Discussions of the 1968 Salzburg Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science. 1970, X + 382 pp.

32. EVERT W. BBTH, Aspects of Modem Logic. 1970, XI+ 176 pp. 33. RISTO HILPINEN (ed.), Deontic Logic: Intr.oductory and Systematic Readings. 1971,

VII+182pp. 34. JEAN-LoUIS KRiVlNB, Introduction to Axiomatic Set Theory. 1971, VII+98 pp. 35. JOSBPH D. SNEED, The Logical Structure of Mathematical Physics. 1971, XV +311 pp. 36. CARL R. KORDlG, The Justification of Scientific Change. 1971, XIV + 119 pp. 37. Mille CAPEK, Bergson and Modem Physics, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of

Science(ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume VII. 1971, XV +414 pp.

38. NORWOOD RUSSBLL HANSON, What I do not Believe, and other Essays, (ed. by Stephen Toulmin and Harry Woolf), 1971, XII + 390 pp.

39. ROGER C. BUCK and ROBERT S. CoHEN (eds.), PSA 1970. In Memary of Rudolf Carnap, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume VIII. 1971, LXVI + 615 pp. Also available as a paperback.

40. DONALD DAVIDSON and GILBERT HARMAN (eds.), Semantics of Natural Language. 1972, X + 769 pp. Also available as a paperback.

41. YEHOSHUA BAR-HILLEL (ed.), Pragmatics of Natural Languages. 1971, VII+231 pp. 42. SOREN STBNLUND, Combinators. A.-Terms and Proof Theory. 1972, 184 pp. 43. MARTIN STRAUSS, Modern Physics and Its Philosophy. Selected Papers in the Logic.

History. and Philosophy of Science. 1972, X+297 pp. 44. MARIO BUNGE, Method. Model and Matter. 1973, VII + 1% pp. 45. MARIO BUNGE, Philosophy of Physics. 1973, IX+248 pp. 46. A. A. ZINOV'EV, Foundations of the Logical Theory of Scientific Knowledge (Complex

Logic~ Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume IX. Revised and enlarged English edition with an appendix, by G. A. Smirnov, E. A. Sidorenka, A. M. Fedina, and L. A. Bobrova. 1973, XXII + 301 pp. Also available as a paperback.

47. LADISLAV TONDL, Scientific Procedures, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume X. 1973, XII+268 pp. Also available as a paperback. .

48. NORWOOD RUSSELL HANSON, Constellations and Conjectures, (ed. by Willard C. Humphreys, Jr.), 1973, X+282 pp.

49. K. J. J. HINTIKKA, J. M. E. MORAVCSIK, and P. SUPPES (eds.), Approaches to Natural Language. Proceedings of the 1970· Stanford Workshop on Grammar and Semantics. 1973, VIII + 526 pp. Also available as a paperback.

SO. MARIO BUNGE (ed.), Exact Philosophy -Problems. Tools. and Goals. 1973, X+214 pp. 51. RADU J. BOGDAN and ILKKA NIINILUOTO (eds.), Logic. Language. and Probability. A

selection of papers contributed to Sections IV, VI, and XI o(the Fourth International Congress for Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Bucharest, September 1971. 1973, X+323 pp.

52. GLENN PEARCE and PATRICK MAYNARD (eds.), Conceptual Chance. 1973, XII +282 pp. 53. ILKKA NIINILUOTO and RAIMO TuOMELA, Theoretical Concepts and Hypothetico-Induc­

tive Inference. 1973, VII +264 pp. 54. ROLAND FRAissi!, Course of Mathematical Logic - Volume I: Relation and Logical

Formula. 1973, XVI + 186 pp. Also available as a paperback. 55. ADOLF GRONBAUM, Philosophical Problems of Space and Time. Second, enlarged edi­

tion, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky); Volume XII. 1973, XXIII + 884 pp. Also available as a paperback.

56. PATRICK SUPPES (ed.), Space. Time. and Geometry. 1973, XI +424 pp. 57. HANS KELSEN, Essays in Legal and Moral Philosophy, selected and introduced by Ota

Weinberger. 1973, XXVIII + 300 pp. 58. R. J. SEEGER and ROBERT S. CoHEN (eds.~ Philosophical Foundations of Science. Pro­

ceedings of an AAAS Program. 1969. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XI. 1974, X+545 pp. Also available as paperback.

59. ROBERT S. CoHEN and MARX W. W ARTOFSKY (eds.), Logical and Epistemalogical Studies in Contemporary Physics, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XIII. 1973, VIII +462 pp. Also available as paperback.

60. ROBERT S. CoHEN and Marx W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Methodological and Historical Essays in the Natural and Social Sciences. Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science. 1969-1972, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky~ Volume XIV. 1974, VIII +405 pp. Also available as paperback.

61. ROBERT S. CoHEN, J. J. STACHEL and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), For Dirk Struik.

Scientific, Historical and Political Essays in Honor of Dirk J. Struik, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XV. 1974, XXVII+652 pp. Also available as paperback.

62. KAzIMIERz AJDUKIEWJCZ, Pragmatic Logic, transl. from the Polish by Olgierd Wojta­siewicz. 1974, XV +460 pp.

63. SOREN STENLUND (ed.), Logical Theory and Semantic Analysis. Essays Dedicated to Stig Kanger on His Fiftieth Birthday. 1974, V +217 pp.

64. KENNImI F. SCHAFFNER and ROBERT S. CoHEN (eds.), Proceedings of the 1972 Biennial Meeting, Philosophy of Science Association, Boston Studies in the Philosophy. of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XX. 1974, IX +444 pp. Also available as paperback.

65. HENRy E. KYBURG, JR., The Logical Foundations of Statistical Inference. 1974, IX + 421 pp.

66. MARJORIE GRENll, The Understanding of Nature: Essays in the Philosophy of Biology, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXIII. 1974, XII + 360 pp. Also available as paperback.

67. JAN M. BROBKMAN, Structuralism: Moscow, Prague, Paris. 1974, IX+ 117 pp. 68. NORMAN GIlSCHWIND, Selected Papers on Longuage and the Brain, Boston Studies in

the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XVI. 1974, XII + 549 pp. Also available as paperback.

69. ROLAND FRAIssE, Course of Mathematical Logic - Volume II: Model Theory. 1974, XIX+192pp.

70. ANDRZEJ GRZEGORCZYK, An Outline of Mathematical Logic. Fundamental Remlli and Notions Explained with All Details. 1974, X+596 pp.

71. FRANZ VON KUTSCHERA, Philosophy of Longuage. 1975, VII + 305 pp. 72. JURA MANNINEN and RAIMo TuoMBLA, Essays on Explanation and Understanding.

Studies in the Foundations of Humanities and Social Sciences. VII + 435 pp. 75. JAAKKO HINTIKKA and UNTO REMEs, The Method of Analysis. Its Geometrical Origin

and Its General Significonce. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXV. 1974, XVIII + 144 pp. Also available as paperback.

76. Jo~ EMBRY MURDOCH and EDITH DUDLEY SYLLA, The Cultural Context of Medieval Learning. Proceedings of the First International Colloquium on Philosophy, Science, and Theology in the Middle Ages - Septemb.er 1973. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXVI. 1975, X + 566 pp. Also available as paperback.

77. STEFAN AMsTmu>AMSKI, Between Experience and Metaphysics. Philosophical Problems of the Evolution of Science. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXXV. 1975, XVIII+193 pp. Also available as paperback.

80. JOSEPH AGASSI, Science in Flux. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXVIII. 1975, XXVI+553 pp. Also available as paperback.

85. E. FISCHBEIN, The Intuitive Sources of Probabilistic Thinking in Children. 1975, XIII + 204 pp. .

86. ERNEST W. ADAMS, The Logic of Conditionals. An Application of Probability to De­ductive Logic. 1975, XIII + 155 pp.

90. JAAKKO HINTIKKA, The Intentions of Intentionality and Other New Models for Modalities. 1975, XVIII +262 pp.

SYNTHESE HISTORICAL LIBRARY

Texts and Studies in the History of Logic and Philosophy

Editors:

N. KRETZMANN (Cornell University) G. NUCHELMANS (University of Leyden) L. M. DE RIJK (University of Leyden)

1. M. T. BEONIO-BROCCHIERI FUMAGALLI, The Logic of Abelard. Translated from the Italian. 1969, IX+101 pp.

2. GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEmNITZ, Philosophical Papers and Letters. A selection translated and edited, with an introduction, by Leroy E. Loemker. 1969, XII + 736 pp.

3. ERNST MALLY, Logische Schriften, ed. by Karl Wolf and Paul Weingartner. 1971, X+340 pp.

4. LEWIS WroTE BECK (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. 1972, XI+718pp.

5. BERNARD BOLZANO, Theory of Science, ed. by Jan Berg. 1973, XV + 398 pp.

6. J. M. E. MORAVCSIK (ed.), Patterns in Plato's Thought. Papers arising out of the 1971 West Coast Greek Philosophy Conference. 1973, VIII+212 pp.

7. NABIL SHEHABY, The Propositional Logic of Avicenna: A Translationfrom al-Shifii: al­Qiyiis, with Introduction, Commentary and Glossary. 1973, XIII + 296 pp.

8. DESMOND PAUL HENRY, Commentary on De Grammatico: The Historical-Logical Dimensions ofa Dialogue of St. Anselm's. 19-74, IX+345 pp.

9. JOHN CORCORAN, Ancient Logic and Its Modern Interpretations. 1974, X+208 pp.

1 G. E. M. BARTH, The Logic of the Articles in Traditional Philosophy. 1974, XXVII + 533 pp.

11. JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Knowledge and the Known. Historical Perspectives in Epistemology. 1974, XII + 243 pp.

12. E. J. AsHWORTH, Longuageand Logic in the Post-Medieval Period. 1974, XIII + 304 pp.

13. ARisTOTLE, The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated with Commentaries and Glossary by Hypocrates G. Apostle. 1975, XXI + 372 pp.

14. R. M. DANCY, Sense and Contradiction: A Study in Aristotle. 1975, XII + 184 pp.

15. WILBUR RICHARD KNORR, The Evolution of the Euclidean Elements. A Study of the Theory of Incommensurable Magnitudes and Its Significance for Early Greek Geometry. 1975, IX + 374 pp.

16. AUGUSTINE, De Dialectica. Translated with the Introduction and Notes by B. Darrell Jackson. 1975, XI + 151 pp.