EARTHQUAKEARTHQUAKEE

When did it occur ?When did it occur ?

Bhuj earthquake occurred on Bhuj earthquake occurred on January January 26,2001 26,2001 when the nation was celebrating when the nation was celebrating the 51the 51stst Republic Day . Republic Day .

The location of epicentre was The location of epicentre was Bhuj ,Gujarat, IndiaBhuj ,Gujarat, India..

How did it happen ?How did it happen ?

It happened because of tectonic plates It happened because of tectonic plates releasing pressure in the area of a collision releasing pressure in the area of a collision margin.margin.

A collision margin is where two continental A collision margin is where two continental plates collide and begin to rub.plates collide and begin to rub.

This creates lots of pressure, until This creates lots of pressure, until eventually it is released and creates an eventually it is released and creates an earthquake.earthquake.

Collision of tectonic platesCollision of tectonic plates

The Effects and it’s MagnitudeThe Effects and it’s MagnitudeThe magnitude was7.7 and the The magnitude was7.7 and the

duration was 98 seconds which duration was 98 seconds which resulted in the maximum resulted in the maximum destruction. destruction.

There was loss of nearly 20,000 lives There was loss of nearly 20,000 lives and 1,16,000 people were and 1,16,000 people were injured .Many were reported to be injured .Many were reported to be missing .missing .

There was huge loss to the property There was huge loss to the property which includes many historical which includes many historical buildings and tourist attractions. buildings and tourist attractions.

For example – Julta Minar made by For example – Julta Minar made by AshokaAshoka

At least a hundred and fifty buildings At least a hundred and fifty buildings have fallen in the city of have fallen in the city of Ahmedabad . Ahmedabad .

In these ,there are a dozen multi-In these ,there are a dozen multi-storeyed buildings .storeyed buildings .

By this evening ,around 250 bodies By this evening ,around 250 bodies have been removed from these have been removed from these buildings .buildings .

It is feared that several thousand It is feared that several thousand people may still be trapped.people may still be trapped.

There was huge loss to the There was huge loss to the propertyproperty

Earthquake ProofingEarthquake Proofing

Technology cannot prevent earthquakes Technology cannot prevent earthquakes but it can help limit their damage, in but it can help limit their damage, in building design .building design .

Most loss of life is caused not by the Most loss of life is caused not by the shaking ground, but by the collapse of shaking ground, but by the collapse of buildings and roads ,and fires started by buildings and roads ,and fires started by damage to electrical equipment . damage to electrical equipment .

Technology cannot prevent Technology cannot prevent earthquakes but it can help limit earthquakes but it can help limit their damage, in building designtheir damage, in building design

This is a model of a house which is This is a model of a house which is earthquake proof .earthquake proof .

Building DesignBuilding Design

Pyramid – shaped, curved, and fire – Pyramid – shaped, curved, and fire – resistant buildings and structures bend resistant buildings and structures bend rather than break during an earthquake .rather than break during an earthquake .

Mounting foundations on rubber also helps Mounting foundations on rubber also helps absorb some of the earthquake shocks.absorb some of the earthquake shocks.

..Pyramid – shaped, curved, and fire – Pyramid – shaped, curved, and fire – resistant buildings and structures bend resistant buildings and structures bend rather than break during an earthquakerather than break during an earthquake

People had to leave their villages People had to leave their villages because of the earthquakebecause of the earthquake