better together: advancing stormwater practice · nchrp report 792: long-term bmp performance and...
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Better Together: Advancing Stormwater Practice
through CollaborationJane Clary, Vice President
Wright Water Engineers, Inc.Denver, CO USA
Stories of Collaboration
1. Political: Environmental legislation in 1960s-1970s in U.S.
2. Regulatory: Colorado Water Quality Forum3. Professional: Urban Water Resources Research
Council4. Watershed/Regional: Urban Drainage and Flood
Control District (Denver Metro Area) 5. Research: International Stormwater BMP Database
Political: Original Environmental Legislation in the U.S.
Regulatory: Colorado Water Quality
Colorado Water Quality Control Commission
Good Water = Good Beer!
• Clean Water• Safe Drinking
Water• Rulemakings/
standards• 9 members—
diverse perspectives
Professional Collaboration• Multi-disciplinary
collaboration• Varied perspectives• Altruistic investment in
advancement of the profession
Welcoming the “Youngers”Building Leaders and Mentoring
Watershed/Regional: Urban Drainage and Flood Control District (UDFCD) and Oak Gulch
• Why isn’t the 4-Step Process happening?
• Work with:• Developer• Developer’s Engineer• Local government• UDFCD (regional)
• What are the economics?• When/what are the key steps in
the process?• What needs to change?
UDFCD’s 4-Step Process
Need to Understand Development Process• Listen to all involved• Understand process• Provide guidance• Engage earlier• Provide “proof”—
data/modeling
Subdivision/Site Layout
Sketch Plan
Stormwater Master Plan
Annexation Agreements/ Pre-Development Agreements
Preliminary Plat
Final Plat
Construction
Laying Out the Land:
Curb outfalls rather than inlets and laterals
Laying Out the Land:
Grass swales rather than storm sewers
Downstream Regional
Detention
Truncated and Impacted Stream Network
Urban Development
Traditional Urban Scale (A Scale)100 to 130 ac
Traditional approach
Laying Out the Land: Traditional Approach
Distributed Detention
Preserved Stream NetworkClustered Urban
Development
Recommended approach
Neighborhood Scale(B Scale)10 to 40 ac
Laying Out the Land: Recommended Approach
SHOW ME THE DATA!
• What is the BMP Database?• What kinds of performance data does it contain?• How do I access these data sets?• How is the BMP Database being used?• Highlights of companion databases.
>20 Years of Collaboration• 1994: Birth of an idea
• Phase 1 Stormwater Regulation• Phase 2 Stormwater Regulation
• 1996-2002: EPA and ASCE grow the tool
• 2004-2018: WERF takes the lead of sponsor coalition ASCE-EWRI, FHWA & others
• …but none of it would be possible without researchers who share data.
www.bmpdatabase.org
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Project is “More than a Database”
Clean Water Act GoalsFishable &
Swimmable
Agricultural BMPs
Urban Stormwater BMPs
(Structural, GI/LID, Source Controls)
Stream Restoration
Urban Stormwater
Runoff Characterization
(NSQD)
International Users and Interest• Australia• New Zealand• China (“Sponge Cities”)• Canada
What is the Urban Stormwater BMP Database?• ~700 BMP performance
studies with metadata
• Voluntary data submittal
• Excel data entry spreadsheets
• Master database
• On-line statistical tools
• Summary reports
• Publicly available at www.bmpdatabase.org
More than % Removal
• Test Site/Location
• Watershed/Land Use
• BMP Design & Maintenance
• Monitoring Methods
• Event-Based Data: Precip, Flow, WQ
• Cost
BMP
SCM
GI/ GSI/ LID
WSUDS/ SUDS
What kinds of Stormwater BMPs are in the BMPDB?
BMP Summary • 18 general BMP categories • Most recent version posted: August
2018• Most recent summary statistics
update October 2018• Hundreds of Green Infrastructure
practices• Over 110 manufactured devices• Transportation-related studies are a
key focus area (FHWA/NCHRP)
BMP Category Nbr.Bioretention 71Grass Strips 47Grass Swales 45Detention Basins (Ext. Dry) 53Media Filters 41Green Roofs 18Infiltration Basins 4Infiltration Trench/ Drywell 13LID Sites 10Manufactured Devices (var.) 112Permeable Pavements (var.) 49Retention Ponds (Wet) 84Rainwater Harvesting 3Wetland Basins 42Wetland Channels/Swales 23Composite (train) 29Other (unique) 6Non-structural 29Total BMPs 679Control Sites 32
Five Ways to Access Urban BMP Database Information1. Overall Performance Summary
Technical Papers2. On-line Interactive Google Earth
Map Interface3. On-line “Retrieve Studies” Tool4. On-line Dynamic Statistical Analysis
Tool5. Download Microsoft Access
Database
Other Important Resources on www.bmpdatabase.org:
• Stormwater BMP Monitoring Guidance• Data Entry Spreadsheets and User’s
Guide
1. Performance Summary Statistics
How well do various BMP work?Example Summary Statistics for TSS (mg/L)
• How many sites?• How many EMCs?• How variable is the
data?• What is the effluent
concentration?• Is there a
statistically significant difference between inflow and outflow?
TSS (mg/L)
Influent-Effluent Boxplots for TSS
Volume Reduction Analysis—Important for LID/GI
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2. BMP Mapping Tool Study Retrieval
3. Retrieve Studies Tool
4. On-line Statistical Analysis Tool
• Enables custom queries for selected data sets• Returns summary statistics and allows download of a CSV data file• Newest tool—continuing to refine
Royal Melbourne Golf Club Biofilter E. coli Performance
Royal Melbourne Golf Course Bioretention Precip and Flow
Kuranda Manufactured Device: SSC Performance• Strong performance shown for SSC
for 6 events.• BMP Database does not “certify” or
“endorse” propriety devices.• BMP Database does provide data for
objective evaluations.
Retention Pond Performance for Total Phosphorus (mg/L)• How does the entire retention
pond (wet pond) data set perform?
Runoff Characterization: NSQD ToolsTotal Phosphorus (mg/L)
Example/Potential Uses of the BMP Database
• Storm Drainage Criteria Manuals• Effluent Quality Analyses for Biological
Opinions, Permit Benchmarks, etc.• BMP Performance Modeling• Design Enhancement Evaluations• TMDL Development and Implementation
Planning• Water Quality Crediting/Trading
City and County of Denver Green Infrastructure BMP Implementation Plan • Both NSQD and BMPDB used as part of
“scorecard” prioritization process to prioritize locations, select BMP types and set expectations for performance.
• Using 2009 Stormwater Monitoring Guidance and BMP Reporting Protocols on new BMP monitoring program.
Rainwater HarvestingUDFCD-LIFT-Opti-RTC
• BMPDB is able to store innovative/evolving practices.
• Denver Green School’s rainwater harvesting project utilized advanced technology.
• Study included in BMPDB.
Informing Guidance on Challenging Water Quality IssuesFecal Coliform
NCHRP Report 792: Long-term BMP Performance and Life Cycle Costs
• Developed guidance and decision support tools for state DOTs
• BMPDB and NSQD data used to predict pollutant load removals
• Tools can be used estimate performance and life-cycle costs of stormwater BMPs for highway runoff
• http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3192
Used in MANY Theses an Dissertations!• Colorado State University• Colorado School of Mines• U. of Alabama• Villanova University• North Carolina State U.• Pennsylvania State• U. of Texas-Austin• U. of California-Los
Angeles
• U. Massachusetts-Amherst
• Portland State U.• …Many others
Dr. Bill Hunt and North Carolina State graduate students.
Stream Restoration Database and Crediting Guidance
• WERF-U5R14: Stream Restoration BMP Database Module
• WERF-IT13 Stream Restoration as a BMP (Crediting)
1.Stabilization/Erosion Protection2.Riparian Buffers3.Floodplain Reconnection4.Instream Enhancement
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Agricultural BMP Database• Increasing attention to
national scale agricultural water quality
• Gulf Hypoxia• Chesapeake Bay• Central Valley, CA• CO nutrient regs
• Local TMDLs/non-point source issues
Source: State-EPA Nutrient Innovations Task Group 2009. “An Urgent Call to Action.”
O&M Reporting Protocols
• Goals• Improve O&M
tracking/cost data• Compile data to support
better maintenance planning
• Created Excel tool to use in tracking
• Has played a significant role for WRF-led CLASIC project
Funded by EWRI, serving as matching funds for EPA National Priorities Grant #836173
Community-enabled Lifecycle Analysis of Stormwater Infrastructure
Costs (CLASIC)• Web-based screening tool utilizing a lifecycle cost framework. • Supports evaluation of stormwater management alternatives
including green, gray and green-gray systems.• Lifecycle costs and performance.• Co-benefits analysis.
Conclusion: We ARE better together!• Some of the reasons that science does or does
not advance are not technical—listening to understand is important for change and progress.
• BMP Database is a source of evidence-based stormwater BMP performance information that can support better BMP selection and design.
• Better understanding maintenance requirements and costs of all stormwater practices is important for long-term success.