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Better Health. Better Environment. Sustainable Choices.
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Are we at a turning point for Global Health and the Environment?
Dr Maria Neira Director, Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Outdoor air pollution World population living in areas with WHO air quality guidelines levels not met in 2014: 92% Data: WHO, Global Health Observatory
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Mexico City, Mexico
Lima, Peru Lagos, Nigeria Beijing, China
Air pollution: urban crises
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Indoor air pollution
Proportion of population relying on solid fuel worldwide: 41% Data: WHO, Global Health Observatory
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
The burden of household air pollution
Deaths due to ambient air pollution: 4.3 million/year
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Population growth
World population by 2050: 9.7 billion
Data: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Urban development
60 million additional urban residents per year worldwide
Data: UN-Habitat
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Slums and informal settlements
One in three urban dwellers lives in slums or informal settlements
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Climate change: emerging health crisis Climate change might jeopardize all efforts and progress made in the field of health and development in the last decades.
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Desertification and food security • Higher threats of
malnutrition from reduced food and water supplies
• More water- and foodborne diseases from lack of clean water
• Respiratory diseases caused by atmospheric dust
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Water, sanitation, hygiene 842 000 Diarrhoeal diseases deaths per year resulting from lack of safe drinking-water and inadequate sanitation and hygiene 58% Proportion of the total diarrhoeal deaths that could be averted through safe drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene Open defecation perpetuates a vicious cycle of disease and poverty.
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Increasing exposure to chemicals
3m deaths and 43m DALYs attributed to selected chemicals
Source: OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The Consequences of Inaction, (Chapter 6: Health and
Environment)
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Obesity and lifestyles
39% of adults worldwide were overweight in 2014 – that is more than 1.9 billion
Data: WHO, Global Health Observatory
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Global and environmental health
Many of the global health challenges we face today are linked to the decline of biodiversity and ecosystems.
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Environmental health risks and burden of disease
12.6 million deaths/year attributable to the environment 596 million DALYs/year attributable to the environment
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
We need to move on from inconvenient truths to convenient actions!
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
What and where are the opportunities?
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
1) The SDGs: intersectoral action for health
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
WHO - custodian for the SDGs WHO is the custodian agency for SDG indicators (number of targets): SDG 2 malnutrition (1)
SDG 3 health (8), health services (4), and health impacts from determinants (3)
SDG 6 access to water and sanitation (6)
SDG 7 access to modern energy (1)
SDG 11 air pollution in cities (1)
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Intersectoral action: air pollution
Disease burden
attributable to air pollution
Limited capacity and
resources
Additional capacity
and resources
Only 3% for prevention
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Game changer for health: energy
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
2) The health sector: leading by example
• A healthy and “green” health sector
• Health based targets and monitoring for other sectors policies (water, etc.)
• Guidance on health implication of other sectors’ policies
• Assessment of costs of other sectors policies and decisions
• Health sectors community engagement and advocacy
• Capacity building
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
3) Are we using international treaties and conventions sufficiently?
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
From convention to action!
• Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution, 1979
• Aarhus convention, 1998
• Rio political declaration on social determinants of health, 2011
• Minamata convention on Mercury, 2013
• Paris agreement, 2015
• A new urban agenda, 2016
• …
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
4) Are we doing enough on urban environments?
HOUSING
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017 Healthy Urban Planning
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Game changer for health: housing
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
5) Global Coalition: Health, Environment,Climate Change WHO-UNEP-WMO Member States Launched at COP November 2016
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
6) The underexploited potential of primary prevention
Expenditure on Prevention and Public Health
Services accounted for an
estimated 3.6% of total health
expenditures worldwide in 2013
Source: WHO GHO, OECD , UK NHS, EIU, PHE Estimates
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2017
Thank you !
More information:
World Health Organization http://www.who.int/
Public Health and Environment
http://www.who.int/phe/en/
Climate Change http://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/
Health in Sustainable Develompment/Green Economy
http://www.who.int/hia/green_economy/en/ http://www.who.int/hia/health_indicators/en/index.html