best practices in policies and regulations in europe
TRANSCRIPT
“Best Practices in Policies and Regulations in Europe”
National Workshop: Accelerating Clean Energy Deployment through
Innovative Policies & Regulations
New Delhi, 8th April 2015
Harald Proidl, Head of Renewables and Energy Efficiency
E-Control Austria
Agenda
2
• Some key figures
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Motivation and
Processes
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Results and lesson
learned
Agenda
3
• Some key figures
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Motivation and
Processes
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Results and lesson
learned
The European Union
4
Members: 28
Population: 507 Mio.
Languages: 24
GDP per capita: € 28.000,--
Unemployment: 11 %
Euro: 19 members
Energy demand: 3.318 kgoe/capita
Electricity demand: 5.515 kWh/capita
Energy in Europe (EU 28)
5
Two main drivers for policies and regulations in
Europe:
- High import dependency (> 50%)
- High share of fossil fuels (> 70 %)
Electricity in Europe (EU 28)
6
Solid Fuels, 901.8
Nuclear, 882.4
Renewables, 798.7
Gases, 614.7
Petroleum and
Products, 72.5
Wastes non-RES,
20.6
Total installed capacity: 952.137 MW
Total annual generation: 3.295 TWh
The main driver for policies: single
European electricity market
Agenda
7
• Some key figures
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Motivation and
Processes
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Results and lesson
learned
Energy Policies and regulation in
Europe – the main drivers
8
• Environmental impact:
reduction of CO2
Support and increase of renewable energy sources (= RES)
Increase of efficiency (= EE): generation, transport and
distribution, supply and demand
• Security of Supply and reduction of import dependency:
• Economical impact:
Affordable energy prices for residential and commercial
customers
Competition on the energy markets
EE and RES as a boost for the European economy
Targets in Europe
9
Year 2020: 20-20-20 =
reduction of CO2 by 20 %
share of renewables 20 %
increase of energy efficiency by 20 %
Year 2030: 40-27-27 =
reduction of CO2 by 40 %
share of renewables 27 %
increase of energy efficiency by 27 %
How policies are implemented -
summary
10
European political
framework European
legislation National legislation
and policies
Actions
Measures
- Green papers =
summary of
discussion points
- White papers =
summary of
specific proposals
and
recommendations
- Overall European
aims
- Directives (for EE,
RES, CHP, internal
electricity and gas
market, Building
standards, etc.)
- Secondary
legislation
- guidelines
- Supporting
schemes
- Financing
- Energy
Consultation
- National legislation
- Regional legislation
- Secondary legislation
- Strategies, Action
Plans
- Etc.
Process of several years
How policies are implemented – one
example: energy efficiency act in Austria
11
European political
framework
European
legislation
National legislation
and policies
Real Actions and
measures
- Year 2020: 20-20-
20 = increase of
energy efficiency
by 20 %
- Energy efficiency
directive
- Consulting
schemes for
residential and
commercial
customers
- Financing schemes
for energy
efficiency
investments
- Etc.
Energy efficiency act:
- Obligation scheme
for energy retailers
- Industry: obligation
to implement energy
management
systems
- Rules for public
sector for
procurement and
efficiency of
buildings
- Etc.
2008 2012 2014 2015/16
Agenda
12
• Some key figures
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Motivation and
Processes
• Policies for Renewables and Energy
Efficiency in Europe – Results and lesson
learned
Policies and regulations in place
European level National/Regional level
Market based instrument:
- CO2-Emission-Trading-System
Regulated instruments:
- Energy efficiency standards for
buildings
- Energy efficiency standards for
vehicles, household appliances,
machines, tools, etc.
Market based instrument:
- Energy efficiency certificate trading schemes
(„white certificates“)
- RES-certificate trading schemes
- Quota schemes for RES
Regulated instruments:
- Voluntary agreements between industry
and/or energy sector with government
- Renewable Energies Acts
- FiT for green electricity
- Investment supporting schemes for all kind
of RES and EE
- Housing schemes
- Energy efficiency obligations for energy
retailers or distributors
- Public procurement
- Obligations for industry to implement
energymanagement systems
- Europe wide roll-out of Smart Meters
- Etc.
Successful or not? RES
14
0
5
10
15
20
25
2006 2010 2011 2012
Shar
e o
f R
ES i
n %
Overall RES in EU-28
RES Electricity generation
Successful or not? Energy Efficiency
15
Successful or not? CO2-Emissions
16
Successful or not? Reduction of
dependency
17
Not successful
The developments of
RES and EE are too
slow
Successful or not? Economic (EU 28)
18
Green jobs = all jobs related to RES and EE (e.g.
manufacturing of parts and components for PV and Wind
power, construction of Wind Parks, energy consulting
companies, ESCOS, etc.)
Mainly in the service sector:
ESCOS
Installers
Construction sector
Energy services
R&D
+ 1 Mio. in period 2000 - 2010
Successful or not? Development: RES and
EE sector vs. total economy (Austria)
19
Change in %
2000 -
2010
GDP sector
RES and
EE
Employment
sector RES
and EE
Total GDP
Total
Employment
GDP sector RES and EE Total Economy
Overall interim results
20
- Total EU aims: on track
- Most of the former
eastern block countries
are on track
- Major countries like
Germany, France and
Spain struggle
Hint: ESD = Effort Sharing Decision
Lessons learned (1/2)…
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- The pure market approach: there is no “invisible hand“ for RES and
EE
- Market based instruments (Emission trading or “white certificates“):
limited success – the design of the systems itself, economical
developments, etc. often reduced the effectiveness of such
instruments
- What was successful in the past?
Regulation: legislation, obligation schemes, fixed and long term
supporting schemes, housing schemes – it is not efficient in terms of the
market, but it is successful in terms of increasing EE and RES
Automation: the less a consumer has to act, the more success is
possible – standards for vehicles/appliances/machines, support for home
automation technologies, etc.
Lessons learned (2/2)…
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Some closing remarks:
Clear strategy with measureable targets
For crossregional or crosscountry actions: a homogenous
approach is fundamental
Solid and reliable financing systems
Strong incentives for investors
Aggregated aims and regulations are important, but:
transformation into „real-life-projects“ – no success without
acceptance and participation of energy market players
RES and EE are a boost for the economy – in particular for
regional and local companies
All available technologies should be used – automation, flexibility
in supply and demand, “smartness”
23
Harald Proidl
Head of Renewabels and Energy Efficiency
E-Control Autstria
+43 1 24 7 24 707
www.e-control.at
Contact
Vienna, 03122014