best practices in addressing npdes and other water quality issues in highway system management nchrp...
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Best Practices in Best Practices in Addressing NPDES and Addressing NPDES and Other Water Quality Issues in Other Water Quality Issues in Highway System Highway System ManagementManagement
NCHRP 20-68A, Scan 08-03NCHRP 20-68A, Scan 08-03DOMESTIC SCAN PROGRAMDOMESTIC SCAN PROGRAM
Scan OverviewScan Overview
Domestic Scan ProgramDomestic Scan Program
►Purpose: Technology transferPurpose: Technology transfer►ApproachApproach
Develop ‘study’ questions and Develop ‘study’ questions and review the programs at high-review the programs at high-performing agenciesperforming agencies
Develop education materials for Develop education materials for public disseminationpublic dissemination
►Summary ReportSummary Report►PresentationPresentation►Scan ReportScan Report
ImplementationImplementation
Implementation Implementation Outcomes Outcomes
► Report/ catalogue of ready to Report/ catalogue of ready to implement technologies, methods and implement technologies, methods and processesprocesses
► Applied Studies to examine specific Applied Studies to examine specific practices in greater depthpractices in greater depth
► Influence on agency business practices Influence on agency business practices
► Suggestions for national regulatory Suggestions for national regulatory procedures developmentprocedures development
Scan 08-03 TeamScan 08-03 Team► Scott McGowenScott McGowen- AASHTO Chair, - AASHTO Chair, Caltrans Caltrans ► Brian SmithBrian Smith – Co-Chair, FHWA – Co-Chair, FHWA► Scott TaylorScott Taylor – Subject Matter Expert, RBF – Subject Matter Expert, RBF
Consulting Consulting ► Vince Davis, Vince Davis, Delaware DOTDelaware DOT► Frannie Brindle,Frannie Brindle, Oregon DOT Oregon DOT► Matt Lauffer,Matt Lauffer, North Carolina DOT North Carolina DOT► Mark Hemmerlein, Mark Hemmerlein, New Hampshire DOTNew Hampshire DOT► Patricia CazenasPatricia Cazenas, FHWA, FHWA► Rachel HerbertRachel Herbert, EPA, EPA► Jeff LewisJeff Lewis, FHWA, FHWA► Tom RipkaTom Ripka, Illinois DOT, Illinois DOT► Mandeep AroraMandeep Arora, Arora & Associates, Arora & Associates
Scan SitesScan Sites►Buffalo, NYBuffalo, NY
► Washington Washington DCDC
►Baltimore, Baltimore, MDMD
► Raleigh, NCRaleigh, NC
►Austin, and Austin, and College College Station, TXStation, TX
►Orlando, FLOrlando, FL
Scan Focused on Four Scan Focused on Four Topic Areas Topic Areas
1.1. Total Maximum Daily Loads Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)(TMDLs)
2.2. Best Management Practices Best Management Practices (BMPs)(BMPs)
3.3. DOT Practices/ProceduresDOT Practices/Procedures
4.4. Regulatory (e.g., 401s)Regulatory (e.g., 401s)
Topic A: TMDLsTopic A: TMDLs
► TMDL ImplementationTMDL Implementation TMDLs in MS4 Permits DOT implementation strategies
► Source control► BMP retrofit
► Water Quality Credit TradingWater Quality Credit Trading Credit trading for TMDL complianceCredit trading for TMDL compliance Impervious area credit tradingImpervious area credit trading
Topic A TMDLs - ResultsTopic A TMDLs - Results
►Currently no credit trading Currently no credit trading programs but they will be important programs but they will be important as a compliance strategyas a compliance strategy
►DOTs are uniquely impacted by DOTs are uniquely impacted by TMDLsTMDLs
►DOTs must support the TMDL DOTs must support the TMDL process with good science and dataprocess with good science and data
►A clear TMDL compliance pathway A clear TMDL compliance pathway is essentialis essential
►TMDLs must be integratedTMDLs must be integrated
Topic B: BMPsTopic B: BMPs► Water Quality Traditional and Innovative Water Quality Traditional and Innovative
Best Management Practices (BMPs)Best Management Practices (BMPs) Construction and post-construction Construction and post-construction
emerging BMPsemerging BMPs LID for highways – what are the LID for highways – what are the
opportunitiesopportunities Jurisdictional wetland issues and Jurisdictional wetland issues and
treatment devicestreatment devices
► Non-structural and Source Control Non-structural and Source Control Management OptionsManagement Options
Source of pollutants within the ROW and Source of pollutants within the ROW and relative loadrelative load
Source control programsSource control programs
Topic B BMPs - ResultsTopic B BMPs - Results
► DOTs pursuing applied studies in DOTs pursuing applied studies in partnership with Universitiespartnership with Universities Polyacrylamide applicationPolyacrylamide application Nutrient removal BMPsNutrient removal BMPs Batch detentionBatch detention Permeable Friction Course (PFC) overlayPermeable Friction Course (PFC) overlay
► Source and institutional controlsSource and institutional controls MowingMowing Traction aidesTraction aides Herbicide/pesticide Herbicide/pesticide
applicationapplication Public educationPublic education
Topic C: DOT Topic C: DOT Practices/ProceduresPractices/Procedures
► Agency Maintenance and Operations Agency Maintenance and Operations PracticesPractices
Tracking and maintaining treatment Tracking and maintaining treatment BMPsBMPs
O&M processes that improve water O&M processes that improve water qualityquality
► Program compliance reporting and Program compliance reporting and trackingtracking
Program reportingProgram reporting Incident reportingIncident reporting Compliance reportingCompliance reporting Program effectiveness assessmentProgram effectiveness assessment
Topic C DOT Practices and Topic C DOT Practices and Procedures - ResultsProcedures - Results
►Construction Site BMP InspectionConstruction Site BMP Inspection Priority for many DOTsPriority for many DOTs Innovative methods for complianceInnovative methods for compliance
►Treatment BMP TrackingTreatment BMP Tracking Comprehensive database toolsComprehensive database tools
►Design, Build, Operate and Design, Build, Operate and MaintainMaintain New delivery method for BMPsNew delivery method for BMPs
Topic D: RegulatoryTopic D: Regulatory
► Coordination with Local and Federal Coordination with Local and Federal RegulatorsRegulators
Approach to communication with Approach to communication with regulatorsregulators
Structure of DOT staff vs. regulatory Structure of DOT staff vs. regulatory agencyagency
► 401 Certifications401 Certifications Consistent with MS4 Permit Consistent with MS4 Permit
requirementsrequirements Compliance issuesCompliance issues
Topic D Regulatory - Topic D Regulatory - ResultsResults
►PartnershipsPartnerships►Culture of environmental Culture of environmental
stewardship within the DOTstewardship within the DOT►Structure of DOTStructure of DOT►DOT funded positionsDOT funded positions►Program flexibilityProgram flexibility►Program costsProgram costs►OutreachOutreach
DOTs are DifferentDOTs are Different
►DOTs have unique challenges in DOTs have unique challenges in implementing an NPDES implementing an NPDES stormwater program as well as in stormwater program as well as in responding to TMDL requirements. responding to TMDL requirements. DOTs:DOTs: Cross multiple watersheds and Cross multiple watersheds and
jurisdictional boundariesjurisdictional boundaries Control a very small portion of the Control a very small portion of the
watershedwatershed DOTs have safety as a high priorityDOTs have safety as a high priority DOTs are passive and uniformDOTs are passive and uniform
Study Findings
► DOTs should refine their approach to program implementation Hydromodification Particulates Other constituents DOTs can control
► Modify other traditional MS4 elements: Public Education Runoff Characterization Illicit Connections
Other FindingsOther Findings
►DOT Business PracticesDOT Business Practices Commitment from the topCommitment from the top Continued dialogueContinued dialogue Partnerships and communicationPartnerships and communication Evaluate programs based on Evaluate programs based on
cost/benefitcost/benefit Incorporate stormwater early in Incorporate stormwater early in
project delivery processproject delivery process
Scan Recommendations
►TS4 PermitTS4 Permit Create a model permit for use by Create a model permit for use by
statesstates►National Guidance on DOT TMDL
Application Credit trading
►New Emphasis on Source Control►Annual DOT Stormwater Conference►Integrate Stormwater Program
Responsibility with the DOT
Scan Recommendations – Scan Recommendations – Con’tCon’t
► Invest in pooled-fund studiesInvest in pooled-fund studies►Collect Cost Data for Program Collect Cost Data for Program
ElementsElements► Invest in BMPs for Highway Invest in BMPs for Highway
Maintenance ActivitiesMaintenance Activities►Develop a Stormwater Track for Develop a Stormwater Track for
TRBTRB