berries romanian germplasm fund and its use in the ... · the climate neighbouring rifg pitesti is...
TRANSCRIPT
Monica STURZEANU
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Berries Romanian germplasm fund and its use in the
breeding program
RIFGPitesti
/BERRIES
RSFG
Voinesti
RSFG
Bistrita
RSFG
Iasi
RSFG
Constanţa
Romaniamap
RSFG Cluj
/BERRIES
HISTORY OF BERRY COLLECTIONS
1908 - “Pomology courses” by Knechtel W.
1953 – Research Center at Cluj
1962 – First Berries collection at RSFG Cluj(297 genotypes)
1967 – First Berries collection at RIFG Pitesti (about 300 genotypes)
2006 – Berries collection at RIFG Pitestiand RSFG Cluj (560 genotypes)
2020 – presently Berries collection at RIFG Pitesti (362 genotypes)
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
The climate neighbouring RIFG Pitesti is favorable for growing deciduous fruit species and small fruits. The average multi-annual temperature is 9.9°C, the maximum temperature is 38.8°C, whereas the minimum temperature is –24.4°C; total annual rainfalls recorded is 677 mm. The early autumn frosts usually occur at the end of October and the latest about mid April.
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Fruit growing research topics at RIFG Pitesti
Zoning of the fruit species and varieties
Sustainable fruit technologies and environment protection
Studies of genetic variability and inheritance of major characteristics in fruit trees and berries
Preservation and evaluation of the fruit germplasm ex situ and possibly in situ;
over 5,000 accessions
Breeding of new cultivars and rootstoks
Nursery techniques – macro and micro propagation, virology
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Fruit crop species cultivated in Romania
Pome Apple Malus domesticaPear Pyrus communisQuince Cydonia
StoneEuropean plums Prunus domesticaPeach Prunus persicaApricot Prunus armenicaCherry Prunus asiumSour cherry Prunus cerasus
NutsWalnut Juglans regiaHazelnut Corylus avellanaAlmond Prunus amigdalusChestnut Castanea sativa
BerryStrawberry Fragaria x anananssaBlueberry Vaccinum corymbosumRaspberry Rubus ideusBlackberry Rubus spp.Gooseberry Ribes uva-crispaCurrant species Ribes nigrum/rubrum/ sativumSeabuchthorn Hippophae rhamnoidesRose hip Rosa caninaCornelian cherry Cornus massBlack chockeberry Aronia melanocarpaElderberry Sambucus nigraDamask rose Rosa damascena
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Fruit germplast evaluation
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Species No. genotypes
Strawberry Fragaria x ananassa Duch. - 107
Fragaria chiloensis -1
Fragaria moschata -1
Fragaria viridis -1
Fragaria nubicola -1
Currant Ribes nigrum L. - 68
Ribes rubrum L. - 38
Ribes sativum L. - 3
Gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa L. -14
Raspberry Rubus idaeus - 22
Blackberry Rubus spp. - 21
Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum - 45
Vaccinium myrtillus -1
Vaccinium angustifolium – 1
Berries genetic resources preserved at RIFG Pitesti
Species No. genotypes
Sea buchthorn Hippophae rhamnoides - 5
Blue honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea edulis -10
Black chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa – 2
Elderberry Sambucus nigra - 3
Cornelian cherry Cornus mass - 12
Rose hip Rosa canina – 4
Rosa rugosa – 2
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Origin of cultivars in genetic resources preserved at RIFG Pitesti
Black currant = 68
Bulgaria
Canada
England
Finland
France
Germany
Hungary
Netherlands
Poland
Romania
Russia
Slovenia
3
4
15
1
2
3
2
5
7
6
15
5
Raspberry = 22
Bulgaria
England
Hungary
Poland
Romania
Russia
Sweden
USA
1
2
1
2
6
2
2
6
Blueberry = 45Strawberry = 107
Belarus
Canada
England
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Romania
Spain
USA
2
7
12
14
3
30
3
3
7
1
25
Austria
Germany
Poland
Romania
USA
1
4
1
9
30
Gooseberries = 14
Moldavia
Romania
Russia
Slovenia
1
2
10
1
Blackberry = 26
England
Romania
SUA
3
2
21
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
EvaluationPomological traits of the plant and fruit (based on UPOV descriptors)
Strawberry
• Plant yield• Fruit size • Fruit firmness• Fruit color• Time of beginning of flowering• Time of beginning of fruit ripening• Susceptibility todiseases
Blueberry
• Plant yield• Fruit size • Fruit firmness• Fruit sweetness• Fruit acidity• Time of beginning of flowering• Time of beginning of fruit ripening
Blackberry
• Plant yield• Fruit weight• Fruit width• Fruit length• Fruit colour• Spines presence• Time of beginning of flowering• Time of beginning of fruit ripening
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Raspberry
• Plant yield• Fruit weight• Fruit width• Fruit length• Fruit colour• Fruit firmness• Spines presence• Time of beginning of flowering• Time of beginning of fruit ripening
EvaluationPomological traits of the plant and fruit (based on UPOV descriptors)
Currant
• Plant yield• Fruit size • Fruit colour- Time of beginning of flowering• Time of beginning of fruit ripening
Gooseberry
• Plant yield• Fruit size • Fruit colour-Time of beginning of flowering• Time of beginning of fruit ripening
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
STRAWBERRY
Objectives Genitor
Disease resistance
(anthracnose,
red stele)
BentonIdeaMira
Fruit quality
(size, shape,
firmness, colour)
Queen ElisaMiraCleryGardaTeclaAsia
Early season
Late season
Day neutral
PremialAlbaCleryArgenteraMiraAlbionSan Andreas
Genitors for breeding (1)
Premial Magic
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
BLUEBERRY
Objectives Genitor
Adaptability to local
conditions of soil
and climate
Simultan
Azur
Augusta
Safir
Bluecrop
Blueray
Fruit quality
(size, appearance)
Bluecrop
Spartan
Simultan
Delicia
Augusta
Wide ripening
season
Simultan
Duke
Bluecrop
Blueray
Berkeley
Genitors for breeding (2)
Simultan Delicia
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
CURRANT
Objectives Genitors
Productivity
Tsema
Kantata 50
Abanos
Geo
Deea
Fruit quality and
chimical content
Tsema
Kantata 50
Poli 51
Deea
Perla Neagră
Processing
Perla Neagră
Poli 51
Abanos
Genitors for breeding (3)
Abanos GeoBerries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
RASPBERRY
Objectives Genitors
Frost resistance
Opal
Star
Gustar
Ruvi
Citria
Fruit quality
(size, color,
firmness)
Latham
Polka
Polana
Benefis
Wide ripening
season
Heritage
Citria
Opal
Ruvi
Genitors for breeding (4)
Citria Opal
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
BLACKBERRY
Objectives Genitors
Frost resistance
Darrow
Dar 8
Dar 24
Fruit quality
(size, taste and
content)
Darrow
Dar 8
Dar 24
Thornfree
Arapaho
Navaho
Triple Crown
Chester
Genitors for breeding (6)
Dar 8 Dar 24
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Species Cultivar Genitors Year of registration
Strawberry
(7)
Premial NJ–306 (open pollination) 1989
Coral (Sunrise x Gorella) x Earlyglow 1993
Real Premial x Brio 1998
Magic Cardinal x MDUS 4044 1998
Floral Red Gaunthlet x Irvine 2004
Sarom Mira x Real 2018
Ireal Mira x Queen Elisa 2019
Blueberry
(9)
Azur Berkeley x Bluecrop 1998
Safir Pemberton x Bluray 1998
Augusta Berkeley x Bluecrop 1999
Delicia Patriot (open pollination) 2001
Simultan Spartan (open pollination) 2001
Lax Spartan (open pollination) 2002
Prod Patriot (open pollination) 2008
Vital Spartan (open pollination) 2008
Pastel Spartan (open pollination) 2019
Black currant
(6)
Abanos Tsema x Kantata 50 1999
Deea Tsema x Kantata 50 2000
Ronix Tsema x Kantata 50 2000
Geo Tsema x Kantata 50 2004
Padina 5/24-77(Brodtorp x Cotswold Cross) x 2/50 -79 (Kantata-50 x Brodtorp) 2003
Poli 51 Tsema x Kantata 50 2010
Berry cultivars released at RIFG Pitesti (1)
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Species Cultivar Genitors Year of registration
Gooseberry
(2)
Verda Malahit (open pollination) 2007
Virens Malahit (open pollination) 2007
Raspberry
(6)
Citria Cayuga x Orss Seedling 1996
Ruvi Rubin bulgăresc x Viking 1996
Star Cayuga x Orss Seedling 2000
Gustar Babie Leto x Ljulin 2003
Opal Heritage x Zeva Herbsternte 2004
Vely [(Veten x Glen Lyon) x Glen Lyon] 2008
Blackberry (2)Dar 8 Darrow (open pollination) 2006
Dar 24 Darrow (open pollination) 2006
Sea buckthorn (4)
Șerpeni 11 selection from wild flora 1984
Pitești 1 selection from wild flora 2006
Pitești 2 selection from wild flora 2006
Carina selection from wild flora 2016
Blue honeysuckle (3)
Loni selection from wild flora 2004
Cera selection from wild flora 2006
Kami selection from wild flora 2012
Black chokeberry (2) Melrom Nero (open pollination) 2016
Rose hip (1) Can selection from wild flora 1996
Elderberry (2)Brădet selection from wild flora 1984
Elrom selection from wild flora 2019
Cornelian cherry (1) Bordo selection from wild flora 2012
Berry cultivars released at RIFG Pitesti (2)
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
CONCLUSIONS
At RIFG Pitesti, the existing collections are maintained in open field, with a minimum of 4-5
plants for each genotype.
The RIFG Pitesti contributes:
(i) to the sustainable preservation of berries in Romania;
(ii) to the preservation of biodiversity of small berry species;
(iii) to ensure the availability of this biological material for distinct user purposes.
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020
Thank you
Monica STURZEANU
Berries Working Group, Dresden, January, 2020