bergapur - speerstra feed ingredients bv€¦ · · 2015-02-04bergapur in a broiler trial ......

BergaPur Application B, L, P…

Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

BergaPur (pure lecithin powder)

The Metabolism Activator

for

Broilers, Layers and Pigs


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

nature proves importance of PLs

• milk

• egg yolk

• plant seeds

• reproduction organs

• liver, heart, muscle, nerve system


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

CH2 - Fatty acid

│

CH - Fatty acid

│

CH2 – PO4 – X

Choline

│

CH2 – PO3 – O-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)3

Ethanolamine

│

CH2 – PO3 – O-CH2-CH2-NH3

Serine

NH3

│ │

CH2 – PO3 – O-CH2-CH-COO

Inositol

│

CH2 – PO3 – C6H11O6


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

CH2 - Fatty acid

│

CH - Fatty acid

│

CH2 – PO4 – X

Phospholipid

(with X = e.g. Choline or

Ethanolamine or Serine or

Inositol)

lipophilic

hydrophilic


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

digestion scheme


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

digestion scheme

sugar

peptides

fatty acids

amino acids

minerals

feed

bile salts

phospholipids

micelles absorption enzymatic

digestion


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Specification of the used pure Lecithin

pure lecithin

Phospholipids PL

(aceton insoluble,AI) [%] 97

• Soy oil [%] 2

• Moisture [%] 1

• Fat [%] 95

• Kcal per 100 g 760

• Fatty Acids g/100g Fat 54

Relative Fatty Acid Composition

[%] of Total Fatty Acids

• Stearic Acid 5

• Palmitic Acid 20

• Oleic Acid 9

• Linoleic Acid 59

• Linolenic Acid 7

Major Phospholipids

• Phosphatidylcholin (PC) [%] 23

• Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) [%] 20

• Phosphatidylinositol (PI) [%] 14

• Phosphatidic Acid (PA) [%] 8

• Choline [%] 3.1

• Inositol [%] 3.4


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Phospholipids in feed and in feeding

• emulsifier (feed and nutrients)

• digestion enhancer

(nutrients bloodstream/animal tissue)

• PLs have synergistic effect together with

vitamin C and the fat soluble vitamins (A, D,

E, K)

• special nutrient natural supply of choline,

inositol, available P, unsaturated fatty acids


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Physiological function

• ⇩ disturbances of digestion

• ⇧ disease resistance

• ⇧ condition and constitution

• ⇧ vitality

• ⇩ mortality


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Physiological function

• ⇧ digestibility of nutrients and energy

• ⇧ feed conversion

• ⇧ deposition of nutrients and energy

• ⇧ weight gain


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Experiment design

• Growth experiment with broilers (Ross 308)

• 2 test groups (A and B) with 2 replications of 45 animals

each

– group A: control (without BergaPur supplementation)

– group B: with BergaPur supplementation.

• Starter period (SP): day 1 – 21

– With 0.2% BergaPur supplemantation

• Fattening period (GP): day 22 – 35

– With 0.2% BergaPur supplemantation


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Data collection

• Weekly record of:

– Feed consumption

– Live weight

• Feed input and live weight development

• Digestibility measurement

• Slaughter:

– Carcass weight

– Carcass quality


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Results - Feed intake, Day 1 – 35 (p = 0.012)

106.2

107.2

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

Feed

in

take [

g/d

]

control BergaPur suppl.

control

BergaPur suppl.


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Results – Final weight Day 35 (p = 0.013)

2423

2475

2200

2300

2400

2500

fin

al w

eig

ht

[g]

Control Bergapur

Control

Bergapur


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Results – Feed Conversion Ratio Day 1 – 35 (p = 0.035)

1.58

1.53

1.28

1.33

1.38

1.43

1.48

1.53

1.58

1.63

1.68

FC

R

Control BergaPur

Control

BergaPur


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Results – Mortality Day 1 – 35

3.3

2.2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Mo

rtali

ty [

%]

Control BergaPur

Control

BergaPur


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Results – digestibility of Nutrients [%] (p = 0.005)

96

98

100

102

104

106

108

OM CP CF NFE

Rela

tive d

igesti

bil

ity [

%]

control

BergaPur suppl.

OM=organic matter, CP=Crude Protein, CF=Crude Fat, NFE=Carbohydrates


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Results – Carcass Quality [%] (p = 0.635)

85

90

95

100

105

CY AF BMqu

ali

ty s

lau

gth

er

para

mete

rs [

%]

control

BergaPur suppl.

CY=Carcase yield, AF=Abdominal fat, BM=Breast muscle


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Ration (data in g/kg)

Components

Starter period Grower period

A B A B

wheat 335 335 367.50 367.50

maize 250 250 250 250

HP-soy bean 320 320 280 280

CaCO3 15 15 13 13

DCP 14 14 12 12

NaCl 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Premix 10 10 10 10

L-Lysin-HCl 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5

DL-Methionin 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5

L-Threonin 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0

BergaFat 46.00 44.00 60 58.0

BergaPur - 2.0 - 2,0


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Feed value data1)

Starter period Fattening period

A B A B

ME (MJ/kg) 12.18 12.10 12.66 12.61

Crude protein 210 210 194 194

crude fat 71 71 84 84

Crude fibre 26 26 25 25

Ca 10.1 10.1 8.8 8.8

P 6.3 6.3 5.8 5.8

Lys 12.5 12.5 10.8 10.8

Met + Cys 10.1 10.1 8.7 8.7

Thr 9.4 9.4 8.3 8.3

Trp 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.5

1) calculated accounts based on the analysed components (in g/kg)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

control BergaPur

1 MT feed costs € 230 240

broiler produced kg 632.91 653.59

extra production kg

20.68

extra income (0.90 €/kg)

18,61

extra costs

10

extra profit (€/MT)

8.61

Benefit calculation


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

BergaPur

in a broiler trial

with a duration of 35 days

University of Berlin, Prof. Männer ( 2012 )


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

BergaPur in broilers

• Location Trial station at University of Berlin

supervision: Prof. Männer, Free University Berlin

• Animals male Cobb broiler chicks, split by random 4 hours after hatching,

280 animals per group

• Time frame spring 2012

starting weight : 48 g

fattening period : 35 days

• Feed ad lib. feeding for all groups with the same pelleted broiler feed

according to recommendations of „Society of Nutrition Physiology“

(split in fattening periods starter with days 1 – 14,

grower with days 15 – 28, finisher with days 29 – 35).

In the treatment group the trial component BergaPur

replaced the equivalent amount of soybean oil

• Groups Control BergaPur

- 1 kg / ton

Trial specification


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Feed composition

Days 1 - 14 Days 15 - 28 Days 29 – 35

ME MJ / kg 12.65 13.12 13.34

Crude protein g / kg 222.1 200.0 190.0

Crude fibre g / kg 24.3 23.5 23.3

Crude fat g / kg 82.7 96.6 101.8

Lysine g / kg 12.9 12.0 11.1

Methionine/Cystin

e

g / kg 9.7 9.5 9.0

Tryptophane g / kg 2.6 2.3 2.1

Threonine g / kg 8.7 8.1 7.3

Ca g / kg 9.0 8.8 8.6

P g / kg 7.0 6.7 6.4


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Biological Parameters

Control BergaPur

1 kg / ton

Number of animals (n) 280 280

Start weight (g) 43.7 43.8

Final weight (g) 1970.9 2018.4

Weight gain (g) 1927.2 1974.5

Daily weight gain (g) 55.06 (100 ) 56.41 (102.5)

Feed consumption (g) 2757.6 2696.2

Feed conversion ( 1 : ) 1. 432 a (100) 1.366 b (95.4)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Weight Gain (+%) and Feed Conversion ( 1 : )


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Conclusion - Zoo-technical Parameters

1 kg/ton BergaPur

improved daily weight gains by 2.5 %.

improved feed conversion significantly by 4.6 %


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

The purpose of fat application in the broiler feed is to increase its energy level

and, thus its efficacy to achieve the best performance and the highest possible

benefit. Broiler feed has, depending on region and feed quality, an energy content of

3000 – 3500 kcal/kg final feed. A broiler feed may include up to 10 % fat in the

formulation. Young chicks are immature in terms of their physiology and immune

responses so delivering the right combination of nutrients in a readily digestible

form is vital.

The bile salts produced in the body are not sufficient to emulsify the whole fat

being supplied through feed and cause a reduced energy utilization. This may

result in reduced absorption of nutrients and bad performance in terms of low

nutrient digestibility, high feed consumption, poor digestion and high mortality.

This makes the application of emulsifiers into the feed more and more necessary.

Emulsifiers are effective in dispersing and transporting fat bodies in nature. The

unique structure of lecithin and its main component, the phospholipids, give these

fats excellent dispersion and nutritional characteristics.

Outlook


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Experimental Objectives

To evaluate effects of supplemental BergaPur in diets with normal and lower nutrient levels on:

growth performances of broilers

nutrient intakes of broilers

Trial Bergapur in Least Cost Formulation

Ajinomoto, Thailand


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Growth Trial Conducted at

Bangkok Animal Research Center, Ajinomoto Co. Ltd., Bangkok

10400, Thailand

1. Trial animals:

600 male DOC broilers (Arbor Acres Plus)

25 chicken/pen, 6 pens/diet treatment, 4 treatments;

A randomized complete block design

2. Diet treatments:

corn-soybean meal-palm oil basal diets (starter and grower)

NL diets: Normal levels of AME and Crude protein (CP)

LL diets: Lower levels of AME and CP (2.5% reduction)

NL+ diets: as NL diets + at 2 g BergaPur kg-1 feeds

LL+ diets: as LL diets + at 2 g BergaPur kg-1 feeds


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Compositions of basal experiment diets (%)

Ingredients

Starter (0-21 days) Grower (22-42 days)

NL LL NL LL

Corn 7.7% 51.51 55.26 56.10 59.74

Soybean meal 47% 32.29 30.34 26.62 24.82

Palm oil 5.64 3.72 6.47 4.53

Corn gluten meal 60% 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00

Rapeseed meal 37.5% 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00

MDCP 1.78 1.80 1.58 1.60

Limestone 1.57 1.58 1.43 1.44

L-Lys HCl/DL-Met 0.31/0.25 0.37/0.26 0.17/0.14 0.22/0.15

Others 1.65 1.67 1.48 1.51

NL: Normal Levels of AME and Crude protein;

LL: Lower Levels of AME and crude protein (by 2.5% reduction)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Nutrient levels in basal experiment diets

Nutrients

Starter (0-21 days) Grower (22-42 days)

NL LL NL LL

AME, Kcal kg-1 3000 2925 3100 3022.5

Crude protein, % 22.00 21.45 20.00 19.50

Crude fat, % 8.54 6.76 9.06 7.25

Linoleic acid, % 1.98 1.83 2.11 1.96

Lysine 1.38 1.12

Methionine /(M +C), % 0.59 /(0.97) 0.47 / (0.83 )

Calcium, % 1.00 0.90

Total phosphorus 0.74 0.68

Available phosphorus, % 0.50 0.45




Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Growth performances during the overall period (Day 0-42)

NL LL NL+ LL+ P-value

Initial weight, g 41 41 41 41

Final weight, g 2892 2844 2907 2889 0.282

Weight gain, g 2850 2803 2866 2848 0.282

Feed intake, g/bird 4977 4921 4934 4986 0.484

Feed conversion ratio 1.749 b 1.759 b 1.723 a 1.753 b 0.016

Converted FCR 2 kgs 1.392 1.421 1.360 1.397

Livability, % 97.33 98.00 98.67 98.00 0.907




Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Experiment II : – AME and Digestibility Trial

1. Trial animals:

120 male broilers (Arbor Acres Plus) at 21 days old;

5 chicken/cage, 6 cages/diet treatment, 4 treatments;

2. Diet treatments:

Four grower diets same as these used in the growing period in Experiment I.

3. Excreta collection:

after three days adaptation, all excreta were collected daily during the following 96 hours.


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

2836

2904

2824

2904NL+

NL

LL+

LL 54,67

57,27

54,99

56,25

AME as fed (Kcal/kg) Fat retention (%) Protein retention

(%)

Effects of supplemental BergaPur on AME, protein and fat retention

during the growing period

61,07

67,82

58,66

64,65

+80

Kcal/kg

+68

Kcal/kg

+2.3%

+4.6% +11.0

%

+10.2%


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Effects of supplemental BergaPur on amino acid retentions

Amino acids NL LL NL+ LL+

P-

value

Cystine 72.16 71.63 75.19 73.22 0.159

Methionine 87.21a 87.03a 89.79 b 91.08b 0.001

Aspartic acid 77.45ab 77.21a 80.07 c 79.71bc 0.034

Threonine 71.79 a 72.12b 74.31b 74.65b 0.001

Serine 77.26 77.36 79.76 79.53 0.060

Glutamic acid 84.57 84.83 86.80 86.92 0.059

Glycine 67.96 68.59 70.33 71.07 0.094

Alanine 77.55a 77.74a 80.03ab 82.15b 0.005

Valine 75.57a 76.04ab 78.61bc 80.10c 0.010

Isoleucine 78.33a 78.35a 80.96b 81.57b 0.025

Leucine 79.37 81.40 81.99 82.30 0.337

Tyrosine 78.45 a 78.86ab 81.43b 81.33b 0.049

Phenylalanine 78.55 a 78.98 ab 81.07bc 81.50c 0.036

Histidine 81.23 81.08 82.66 83.31 0.153

Lysine 82.82 83.21 84.25 83.93 0.363

Arginine 89.28a 89.67 ab 90.54bc 90.86c 0.039

Proline 78.73 79.04 80.98 81.30 0.073


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Conclusions:

1. Broilers fed LL diets tended towards poor performances;

2. Supplemental BergaPur into NL diets at 2 g Kg-1 diet significantly improved FCR of broilers;

3. No significant differences were observed in growth of broilers between NL group and LL+ group;

4. Inclusion of BergaPur at 2 g Kg-1 diet numerically increased AME by 68-80 kcal Kg-1 diet;

5. BergaPur are beneficial for improving retentions of dietary nutrients, such as fat and amino acids;

6. Supplementation of BergaPur in high-energy feeds could be one of practical approaches to feed cost-saving


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Trial Bergapur in Layer

India


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Field trial on Layers : Verma and Sons

• Flock size : 3500 birds of same age and hatch each in control and treatment group.

• Age : 71 weeks.

• Dosage : 1 kg per tonne for 1st 15 days and then 500 gms per tonne.

• Highlights :Average laying % improved by 3.58 % over 7 weeks feed per egg

reduced by 7.67 gms per egg.

• The laying curve with BergaPur was better than the control group.


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

78

80

82

84

86

88

90

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70

Bergapur

Control

66.3

66.4

66.5

66.6

66.7

67.1

67.2

67.3

67.4

67.5

67.6

67.7

68.1

68.2

68.3

68.4

68.5

68.6

68.7

69.1

69.2

69.3

69.4

69.5

69.6

69.7

70.1

70.2

70.3

70.4

70.5

70.6

70.7

71.1

71.2

71.3

71.4

71.5

71.6

71.7

72.1

72.2

72.3

75.4

72.5

72.6

72.7

73.1

73.2

73.3

73.4

73.5

73.6

73.7

74.1

74.2

74.3

74.4

74.5

74.6

74.7

75.1

75.2

75.3

75.4

75.5

75.6

75.7

76.1

76.2

76.3

Berg

aP

ur


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Experiment design • Trial Site:

University of Rostock, Germany

• Animals:

weaned Hybrid piglets at 28 days

• Trial Duration

a) 26.06.2008 – 30.07.2008 (35 days)

• Feed:

One diet has been fed throughout prestarter period (day 1 – 14, after weaning)

One diet has been fed throughout piglet rearing period (trial day 15 – 35, after weaning)

• Trial groups

– group A: control (conv. feed WITHOUT BergaPur supplementation)

– group B: with 0.1% BergaPur supplementation.

– group C: with 0.2% BergaPur supplementation)

– group D: with 0.2% BergaPur supplementation but WITHOUT

fat supplementation (-2%)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Growth / Performance Data (Control = 100%)

Group

A

B

C

D

Feed intake (FI)

[g/d]

100

=

721

98 101 99

Average daily weight gain (AGD)

[g/d]

100

=

415

101 104 102

Feed conversion ratio (FCR)

[g feed/g gain]

100

=

1.74

98 97 97

Energy need (EN)

[MJ ME/kg gain]

100

=

23.7

98 97 92


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Relative comparison of performance parameter [A=100%]

86

88

90

92

94

96

98

100

102

104

106

FI [g/d] ADG [g/d] FCR EN MJ ME/kg G

performance data

Gro

up

A =

100%

A (control)

B (+0.1% B'Pur)

C (+0.2% B'Pur)

D (ER+0.2% B'Pur)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Body weight development (groups A vs. C)

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6

weeks

bo

dy w

eig

ht

(kg

)

A (control)

C (+0.2% B'Pur)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Body weight development (groups A vs. D)

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6

weeks

bo

dy w

eig

ht

(kg

)

A (control)

D (ER+0.2% B'Pur)


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Growth data [kg]

Group

A

B

C

D

Body weight at trial begin

9.2

9.2

9.1

9.2

Body weight at trial end

23.3

23.4

23.8

23.5

Total feed consumption

24.5

24.1

24.6

24.3


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Benefit calculation / Piglet

A A B B C C D D

1. Weight in Kg 9.2 9.2 9.1 9.2

2. Weight out (d 35) Kg 23.3 23.4 23.8 23.5

3. Weight difference Kg 14.1 14.2 14.7 14.3

4. Feed conversion ratio 1: 1.74 1.70 1.69 1.69

5. Feed consumption / piglet Kg 24.5 24.1 24.6 24.3

6. Sales price/piglet in the market

a) 2,00 €/kg live weight € 46.6 46.8 47.6 47.0

b) 3,00 €/kg live weight € 69.9 70.2 71.4 70.5

7. Medication costs BergaPur

(Feedconsumption x Xg/ton x 4 € /kg= € € 0.09 0.09 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19

8. Piglet feed costs (25,00 € / 100 kg) € 6.13 6.13 6.03 6.03 6.15 6.15 5.8 5.8

9. Surplus piglet sales minus feeding

costs € 40.47 63.77 40.69 64.09 41.28 65.08 41.03 64.56

10. Additional benefit of BergaPur

supplementation/pig

a) 2,00 €/kg live weight € 0.20 0.80 0.54

b) 3,00 €/kg live weight € 0.30 1.29 0.77


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Component Groups

Day 1 - 14 Day 15 – 35

[%] A B C D A B C D

Wheat 42.50 42.40 42.30 42.48 28.60 28.50 28.40 28.52

Barley 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 29.00 29.00 29.00 29.00

Soy oil 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

Herbavital 2.00 2.00

Suppl.

Concentrate

40.00 40.00 40 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00

Methionine 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.15

Threonin 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.13

L-Lysin HCL 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.06

BergaPur 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Feed composition [%]

HerbaVital: depectinized apel pomace


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Component Groups

Day 1 - 14 Day 15 – 35

[g/kg] A B C D A B C D

Dry matter 883 880 880 880 880 880 880 880

Crude protein 196 195 195 196 193 193 193 194

Crude fat 40 38 40 19 38 39 39 21

Lysin 13.5 13.4 13.4 12.8 13.0 13.0 13.1 12.6

Methionine/

Cystein

8.12 8.1 8.1 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.6

Threonine 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.3 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.2

Tryptophan 2.6 2,6 2,6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

Drude fiber 31 31 31 37 35 35 35 40

ME [MJ/kg] 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.1 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.0

Ca 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3

P 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4

Digestible P 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1

Feed Value Data [g/kg]


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

conclusions, relating to economical improvement

potential

• in growth

• in digestibility

• in mortality

• in carcass yield

• in management (reduced fattening time)

• in economy


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Why BergaPur?

technical:

• easy storage and handling

• simple and loss-free dosing

• better pellet quality

• higher stability and longer shelf life of feed

• high temperature resistance


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

Why BergaPur?

Animal oriented:

• more efficient energy utilization

• higher feed consumption

• better feed conversion and more effective nutrient utilization

• faster growth and shorter fattening periods

• higher carcass dressing percentage

• less drip loss

• longer shelf life of the slaughter products


Dr. Ibrahim Kadrieh

With using 0.2 % of BergaPur in trial group C, the positive effect was pronounced most clearly in improving daily weight gain by 4 % relatively and reducing feed input by 3 % compared to the control group. The significantly lower energy input in trial group D (8 % relatively) is important for feed economics. Just as the zoo-technical parameters of trial group C especially, it indicates an intermediary effect of the lecithin supplement as there could not be found an influence onto nutrient digestibility. Imaginable is a supportive effect of the transport-lipo-protein VLDL (Very Low Density Lipo-protein) and its metabolites mainly LDL (Low Density Lipo-protein) within the metabolism of lipid and energy respectively. Lecithin-containing VLDL transport triglycerides and cholesterol from the liver into extra-hepatic tissues. Particularly during simultaneous competition for methionine and choline (liver factor) with other tissues, they can release the liver metabolism (prevention of fatty liver). Under interference of the enzyme Lecithin-Cholesterol-Acyltransferase (LCAT), HDL (or more precisely HDL3) take cholesterol out of the tissues but also from other lipo-proteins, and transport it back to the liver for final degradation.

Outlook

bergapur - speerstra feed ingredients bv€¦ · · 2015-02-04bergapur in a broiler trial ......

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