benzodiazepines: patterns and trends in scotland
DESCRIPTION
Benzodiazepines: Patterns and Trends in Scotland. Lynne Jarvis, Substance Misuse Team, ISD Scotland. Clients entering treatment. All illicit use: 3,558 diazepam 209 temazepam 221 other benzodiazepines Main illicit drug: 639 diazepam 12 temazepam 23 other benzodiazepines - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Benzodiazepines: Patterns and Trends in Scotland
Lynne Jarvis, Substance Misuse Team, ISD Scotland
Clients entering treatment
• All illicit use:– 3,558 diazepam– 209 temazepam– 221 other benzodiazepines
• Main illicit drug:– 639 diazepam– 12 temazepam– 23 other benzodiazepines
ISD: Scottish Drug Misuse Database
All illicit drugs reported as a benzodiazepine, by benzodiazepine type, by new patient/ clients to the SDMD;
2005/06
5%6%
89%
Diazepam
Temazepam
Other Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines reported as main illicit drug by clients reporting to the SDMD, by gender; 1995/96 - 2005/06
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
Financial Year
Per
cen
tag
e o
f C
lien
ts
Male
Female
Benzodiazepines reported as an illicit drug by clients reporting to the SDMD, by gender; 1995/96 - 2005/06
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Financial Year
Per
cen
tag
e o
f C
lien
ts
Male
Female
Proportion of clients who use benzodiazepines as a main illicit drug by age group; 1995/96 - 2005/06
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Financial Year
Per
ceta
ge
of
'Ben
zod
iaze
pin
e'
Cli
ents
Aged 16 or Under
17-24 Years
25-29 Years
30-34 Years
35-39 Years
40 Years and Above
Proportion of benzodiazepines reported by clients to the SDMD by age group; 1995/96 - 2005/06
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Financial Year
Per
cen
tag
e o
f 'B
enzo
dia
zep
ine'
C
lien
ts
Aged 16 or Under
17-24 Years
25-29 Years
30-34 Years
35-39 Years
40 Years and Above
Other drugs used by clients who reported benzodiazepines as their main drug; 2005/06
31%
22%13%
9%
8%
6%
4%3%1%3%
Cannabis
Heroin
Alcohol
Cocaine
Dihydrocodeine
Amphetamines
Methadone
Ecstasy
Crack cocaine
Other Drugs
Prescriptions• 1,621,378 prescriptions last year
– 811,519 diazepam– 376,200 temazepam
ISD Prescribing Statistics
Benzodiazepines prescribed between 1993 and 2006
-
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
1993
/94
1994
/95
1995
/96
1996
/97
1997
/98
1998
/99
1999
/00
2000
/01
2001
/02
2002
/03
2003
/04
2004
/05
2005
/06
Year
Num
ber
of p
resc
ript
ions
Temazepam
Diazepam
Nitrazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
Total
Benzodiazepines reported as a prescribed drug by clients reporting to the SDMD, by gender; 2001/02 - 2005/06
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06
Financial Year
Per
cen
tag
e o
f C
lien
ts
Male
Female
Proportion of benzodiazepines reported as a prescribed drug by clients reporting to the SDMD by age group; 2001/02 -
2005/06
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06
Financial Year
per
cen
tag
e o
f 'B
enzo
dia
zep
ines
'C
lien
ts
Aged 16 or Under
17-24 Years
25-29 Years
30-34 Years
35-39 Years
40 Years and Above
Drug related deaths• 90 deaths in 2005 involving diazepam
• 7 deaths in 2005 involving temazepam
GRO Scotland
GRO Scotland; drug related deaths 2005
Drug related deaths involving diazepam and temazepam, Scotland 1996 - 2005
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Year
Nu
mb
er o
f d
eath
s
diazepam
temazepam
All drug related deaths
GRO Scotland
Drug related deaths
Sources of benzodiazepines• Benzodiazepines increasing in lab
submissions
• Diazepam - 95% of all pharmaceutical tablets submitted in 2005– 1.1 million tablets– 96% not UK licensed products
Scottish Crime and Drug Enforcement Agency, 2005
SeizuresSeizures made by police forces in Scotland;
1995/96 - 2005/06
0200400600800
10001200140016001800
1995
/96
1996
/97
1997
/98
1998
/99
1999
/00
2000
/01
2001
/02
2002
/03
2003
/04
2004
/05
2005
/06
Year
nu
mb
er
of
se
izu
res
Benzodiazepines
Tem azepam
Scottish Executive Drug Seizures; 2005/06
Scottish Executive Drug Seizures; 2005/06
Quantity of se izures made by police forces in Scotland; 1995/96 - 2005/06
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1995
/96
1996
/97
1997
/98
1998
/99
1999
/00
2000
/01
2001
/02
2002
/03
2003
/04
2004
/05
2005
/06
Year
Qua
ntity
sei
zed
(kg)
Benzodiazepines
Tem azepam
