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Press freedom in Benazir Bhutto era 1988-1991

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Page 1: Benazir era

Press freedom in Benazir Bhutto era 1988-1991

Page 2: Benazir era

Introduction• Benazir Bhutto became 11th prime minister of

Pakistan on December 2, 1998.• In her first speech, she promised that all the press laws curtailing press freedom

would be abolished. Freedom of press and protection of basic

human rights would be the priority of the government

Job security of working journalists would be ensured.

• Benazir Bhutto said

“we cannot establish the free society if

the people were afraid to speak truth,

therefore we welcome dissent”.

Page 3: Benazir era

Violation of government• Government ignored the promise related

to freedom of press and thoughts• For Instance Incident on eve of international day of

volunteers, Professor Rasheed ch was subjected to violence.

Photographer and APP correspondent ware threatened.

• Punjab government of Nawaz Sharif curtailed 50% quota of official advertisements of the Pakistan times and daily Mashriq.

• Benazir Bhutto centre and Nawaz Sharif in Punjab their rules of 1988 took every strict measure for controlling the press.

Page 4: Benazir era

Violation of Political parties• Mutahida Quami movement criticized the

policy of Jang and Dawn related to the coverage of party.

• Altaf Hussain appealed muhajir community not to purchase Jang newspaper.

• Owner of jang had to change their policy toward MQM

• The workers of IJI, on the eve of by election in jahanian city looted and physically tortured four photographers and two reporters.

Page 5: Benazir era

Attack on Newspaper offices and journalists• Offices of daily Jang Lahore Quetta were

attacked by workers of MSF, BSF, PSF, APMSO.

• Workers of PMLN warned daily Jang news Rawalpindi to change policy against their chief minster of Punjab.

• Three journalists were killed in khair pur and Larkana.

• On May 31,1990 Rahat Kazi the correspondent

• On June 2, 1990 Ahmed khan of PPI and Mutahir Naqvi of Nawa-e-waqt were assassinated in Larkana.

• On July 3, 1990 Mansoor Khan was died due to acid attack

Page 6: Benazir era

Registration of printing press and publication• RPPO was introduced by the interim

government, but not put forward for formal legislation in NA .

• Government had no interest in the affairs related to legal obligations about Press laws.

• RPPO was reintroduced in Jan 1989 then again n 1990.

• This reintroduction , in the light of verdict of supreme court was illegal and unconstitutional.

Page 7: Benazir era

Press freedom in Benazir Bhutto era in 1993-1996

Page 8: Benazir era

Introduction

• Benazir Bhutto took oath of prime minister on October 19, 1993

• Perception of Benazir Bhutto• Several murders attempt who took bold

step to unveil the wrong doings of government officials.

• During her government violence against press increased manifold.

Page 9: Benazir era

Violation

• 1993-96 most deadly years for journalists

• Attacked on the offices of newspaper and press clubs

• Ban on official advertisements• Case of libel against journalists• Ban on newspaper, cancelation

the declaration of newspaper• Corrupting the press journalists

Page 10: Benazir era

Press council in 1995RPPO in 1995• A proposal was presented jointly by the

journalists’ organization and government to establish a press council.

• The matters of establishment of press council were neither pursued by journalists nor by government.

• Government introduced RPPO , ignored democratic means of legislation.

• Due to the punitive measures, effecting the functional freedom of press, newspapers didn’t express their point of view related to RPPO.

Page 11: Benazir era

Method of official advertisements

• govt adopted numerous measures of advertisements control ‘as a tool to control the economy of press’.

• For instance 5% sales tax was imposed on the newspapers. Custom duty on news print was raised by 91% Relaxation on import duty on printing machinery was

also taken back.• All autonomous, semi autonomous and government to

get permission from press information department(PID), before giving advertisement to any newspaper.

• Only pro government newspapers were rewarded in shape of official advertisements

Page 12: Benazir era

Visible and loud protest of press• Violence against the journalists increased

manifold and brutalities plus atrocities of the government were at its peak

• The press took several methods in regard to register its protest

Black day was observed on Sep 16, 1995 Walks, protests march and procession were

initiated against government The journalists boycotted on several occasion

the proceeding of provincial and national assemblies

The journalists walkout from the official meeting on umpteen times

On Sep 21, 1995 four journalists went to hunger style till death in punnu Aaqil

Page 13: Benazir era

Conclusion

• A series of acts of violence, killings of journalists, threatening telephone to journalists and misuse of powers plus brutalities of police against press

• Hooliganism of pressure group, during the rule of Benazir Bhutto proved that, this era was worst for press than militarism.

Page 14: Benazir era
Page 15: Benazir era

Government of Nawaz Sharif(1990-93)

• In general election of 1990,IJI won the majority seats in national assembly.

• Nawaz Sharif became prime minister on November 1990.

• In his first speech as a prime minister he had not mentioned anything relating to the press, freedom of press and journalist.

• The journalist and the press had to pay and suffered at the hands of ethnic groups during the first term of Nawaz Sharif.

Page 16: Benazir era

Attacks Of MQM

• MQM openly threatened several newspapers like Dawn, Takbeer and Herald star.

• On March 22,1991 the workers of MQM attacked, ransacked and put and put on fire the office of Takbeer in Karachi.

• MQM leaders warned every newspaper to change their policies towards the party and leader or be prepared for direct consequences.

Page 17: Benazir era

Cases of sedition against the news

On publishing of a poem in the News on September 7,1992,a case of sedition was filed on September 28,1992.

Page 18: Benazir era

Total incidents of harassment in all provinces in Pakistan

Total incidents of harassment

18573179

Name of provinces

PunjabSindhBaluchistanNWFPTOTAL

Page 19: Benazir era

Methods of corrupting journalist

• The government of Nawaz Sharif through various tactics such as Lifafa journalist offering plots, prizes, commission, jobs to the kith and kin and even by fair or foul means tried its best to corrupt the individual journalists.

• Nawaz Sharif once said off the record that

‘I want to give plots to journalists but in return the journalist should protect him and build up his image among the masses.’

Page 20: Benazir era

• The journalists and editor’s organization namely PFUJ, CPNE and APNS could not play vital role for protecting the rights of journalists.

• Nawaz Sharif resigned from premiership on July 18, 1993.

Page 21: Benazir era

The 2nd tenure of Nawaz Sharif• Mr. Nawaz Sharif became the

one of the most powerful premier during the 50 years political history of the country.

• On Feb. 23 in his first speech after taking oath he didn't referred specifically any key notes, comment related to government media policy and freedom of press.

Page 22: Benazir era

• Nawaz Sharif in his 2nd tenure took every fair and foul means for crumbling the freedom of press.

• On march 3, 1997 Nawaz Sharif expressed his views for solving the problems of journalist community. Later on these promises were never materialized.

Page 23: Benazir era

1997 ‘Year Of Broken Promises’• After taking the oath of the

premiership, the leader of PML government allowed the two ordinance, which would have achieved the vary purpose to lapse.

• On January 17 news photographer of Daily Khabrain Z.A Shahid was killed in the result of powerful bomb blast outside the session court building in Lahore.

Page 24: Benazir era

Court and press: reporter warned of contempt charges

• Journalist and media organizations in Pakistan remain to be the victim of harassment by law enforcement agencies, political and local administration.

• On July 9, a bomb exploded in the building of daily dawn Karachi.

Page 25: Benazir era

• On October 12, the activities of JUI intimidated and harassed the editor of the Urdu daily mashriq.

• On October 2, Abdul hafiz Hameed Azizi and afghan journalist based in Peshawar was shoot by two unknown culprits in a pathetic incidents.

Page 26: Benazir era

Appointment of journalist and columnists at key government position

• Mr. Nawaz Sharif appointed his speech writer columnist of Daily Jung Nazir Naji as the chairman of academy of letters equivalent to grade 22 officer.

Page 27: Benazir era

• Another columnist Atta ul Haq Qasmi, another loyal of Sharif family, was appointed ambassador in Norway.

• Another journalist Khalil Malik was appointed as media adviser on handsome salary in PTCL.

Page 28: Benazir era

ROLE OF PRESENT GOVERNMENT IN FREEDOM OF PRESS

• THE SHARIF’S emerged as the winner of general election 2013 and formed their GOVT. in central Punjab, Baluchistan and GB.

• Nawaz govt. is trying its level best to made good relationships with media organization.

Page 29: Benazir era

• Geo group Najam sethi first served as a caretaker CM Punjab and now as a chairman of PCB.

• Jung columnist Irfan Siddique as PM’s adviser on national affair is also leading the govt. committee for peace dialogue with Taliban.

Page 30: Benazir era

• Special committees are working on new PEMRA regulations as well as social media regulations.

Page 31: Benazir era

Electronic crimes act

• The newly formulated draft of prevention of electronic crimes act 2014 purposes some punishment for cyber crimes.

• The draft law which will be come act once the parliament approves it.

Page 32: Benazir era

• Cyber crime is one of the biggest security threats all over the world. Almost all countries including developing African countries have already frame this law.

• Fine and imprisonment are proposed as penalties for cyber terrorism.

Page 33: Benazir era

Conclusion

Page 34: Benazir era